FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS

ASSIGNMENT
DESIGN 531



GULAPA, CARLO P.
2012458331
AR1232




ARCH. ROSELLE SANTOS
PROFESSOR












Institutional Spaces

Institutional Building Types

Institutional Buildings are civic buildings that can be publicly or privately funded.

Government Institutional Buildings include City Halls; Court Houses; Judicial Centers; Police
Headquarters; Detention Facilities; Military Bases; Transportation Terminals (airports, railway stations,
and bus stations); and Educational Facilities.

Private Institutional Buildings include Museums; Art Galleries; Cultural Centers; and Scientific
Campuses.

Institutional Buildings are often grand in design and subject to a lot of public scrutiny and input during
their design process. These buildings often have public accessible spaces and private staff spaces. Often
an equal amount of space is devoted to each of these users, though the design and materials used may
differ quite dramatically. Court houses, police facilities, and detention facilities have a third component,
which involves the housing and movement of people held in custody. The use of sally ports, secure
corridors, holding areas, and detention rooms, all play a part in the design. Life safety is a special
consideration in these types of facilities since egress must be carefully orchestrated in the event of a fire
or other emergency.



Sample of Hospital Design


Institutional buildings spaces includes:
Atrium
Auditorium
Automated Data Processing: Mainframe
Automated Data Processing: PC System
Child Care
Clinic / Health Unit
Conference / Classroom
Courthouse: Courtroom
Courthouse: Enhanced Office
Courthouse: Judicial Chamber
Firing Range
Food Service
General Storage
Joint Use Retail
Laboratory: Dry
Laboratory: Wet
Library
Light Industrial
Lobby
Mail Center
Office
Parking: Basement
Parking: Outside / Structured
Parking: Surface
Physical Fitness (Exercise Room)
Place of Worship
Private Toilet
Warehouse
Residential Buildings

A building should be regarded as residential building when more than half of the floor area is used for
dwelling purposes. Other buildings should be regarded as non-residential. Two types of residential
buildings can be distinguished:

Houses (ground-oriented residential buildings): comprising all types of houses (detached, semi-
detached, terraced houses, houses built in a row, etc.) each dwelling of which has its own entrance
directly from the ground surface; other residential buildings: comprising all residential buildings other
than ground-oriented residential buildings as defined above.

Types:

Single-Family Home
A single-family home is your typical private property residence. You can buy a house or be a tenant of
the owner. If you buy the house, you own the building and the land it sits on and can pretty much do
what you want with your property as long as you don't violate city, state or countyordinances or laws.
However, some single-family homes are in subdivisions that have their own homeowners association
and set of rules.

Duplex
A duplex is a common multiple residence building that has two separate residences. In some cases,
people buy one side of a duplex property just as they would a house. Often though, investors buy
duplexes to earn rental income. As a rental resident, you get the benefits of living on a property with a
small number of residents, but you don't have to get a mortgage or make a down payment.

Apartment Building
There are a number of apartment buildings of varying sizes and resident populations. Triplexes and four-
unit buildings are fairly common in many communities. Large buildings may have any number of
residential units, and many apartment communities have a number of buildings.

Condominium
A condominium is similar to an apartment, but you actually buy your condo, which is a share of the
building. Some condo buildings have several floors with separate owners each living on one floor of the
building. Other condos have multiple units on each floor. A board of directors oversees the rules for the
condo complex. Individual condo units may also be "detached," which means they stand alone, much
like a single family home. Others are connected -- some condos share common exterior walls.

Townhouse
A townhouse is similar to a condo in that each residence is attached to adjacent residences. However,
townhouses are purchased as individual properties like a single-family home. Each homeowner pays
property taxes and home repairs on his own property. There are sometimes common areas in the
building, or in outside areas like pools or tennis courts.

Spaces:

Alcove
Atrium
Attic
Basement/cellar
Bathroom (in various senses of the
word)
Bath/shower
Toilet
Bedroom (or nursery, for infants or
small children)
Box-room / storage room
Conservatory
Dining room
Family room or den
Fireplace (for warmth during winter;
generally not found in warmer climates)
Foyer
Front room (in various senses of the
phrase)
Garage
Hallway / passage / Vestibule
Hearth often an important symbolic
focus of family togetherness
Kitchen









Larder
Laundry room
Library
Living room
Loft
Nook
Office or study
Pantry
Parlour
Pew/porch
Recreation room / rumpus room /
television room
Shrines to serve the religious functions
associated with a family
Stairwell
Sunroom
Swimming pool
Window
Workshop














Commercial buildings

1. Office Buildings This category includes singletenant properties, small professional office buildings,
downtown skyscrapers, and everything in between.

2. Industrial This category ranges from smaller properties, often called Flex or R&D properties, to
larger office service or office warehouse properties to the very large big box industrial properties. An
important, defining characteristic of industrial space is Clear Height. Clear height is the actual height, to
the bottom of the steel girders in the interior of the building. This might be 1416 feet for smaller
properties, and 40+ feet for larger properties. We also consider the type and number of docks that the
property has. These can be Grade Level, where the parking lot and the warehouse floor are on the same
level, to Semidock height at 24 inches, which is the height of a pickup truck or delivery truck, or a
Fulldock at 48 inches which is semitruck height. Some buildings may even have a Rail Spur for train cars
to load and unload.

3. Retail/Restaurant This category includes pad sites on highway frontages, single tenant retail
buildings, small neighborhood shopping centers, larger centers with grocery store anchor tenants,
power centers with large anchor stores such as Best Buy, Pet Smart, OfficeMax, and so on even
regional and outlet malls.

4. Multifamily This category includes apartment complexes or highrise apartment buildings.
Generally, a fourplex or more is considered commercial real estate.

5. Land This category includes investment properties on undeveloped, raw, rural land in the path of
future development. Or, infill land with an urban area, pad sites, and more.

6. Miscellaneous This catch all category would include any other nonresidential properties such as
hotel, hospitality, medical, and selfstorage developments, as well as many more.

Categories of Commercial Real Estate
Category Examples
Leisure hotels, public houses, restaurants, cafes, sports facilities
Retail retail stores, shopping malls, shops
Office office buildings, serviced offices
Industrial industrial property, office/warehouses, garages, distribution centers
Healthcare medical centers, hospitals, nursing homes
Multifamily (apartments) multifamily housing buildings

Factors and Considerations

Aesthetics
These areas typically can include entry, waiting, seating, and condiment support. These areas will
typically be designed for consumer comfort and will include aesthetic features such as ambient lighting
and durable finishes. A clear circulation plan within and around the dining areas will allow for
simultaneous circulation of patrons and staff.

Functional / Operational
Service Areas: Service areas typically include the tray service lines, counters, packaged goods display,
beverage dispensing, check out, and service ware dispensing.
Receiving and Storage Areas: These areas typically include dedicated food service docks, general dry
goods storage, ventilated storage, and refrigerator and freezer storage (pre-manufactured modular
units with integrated shelving). Design for a live load of 150 LB/SF in these areas.

Productive
Food Production Areas: Food production areas generally refer to preparation, cooking, pantry, and
bakery areas. Equipment typically found in food production areas includes: modular refrigerator/freezer
unit, a cooking section with eight burner range, broiler, salamander, deep-fat-fryer, roasting oven,
steam kettles, steam cookers, mixer, pot rack, slicer, can opener, scale, knife rack, cook's table, spice
bin, utensil shelves, hot food tables, mobile dish storage and a baker section with baker's bench, mobile
bins, worktables, scale, mixer, bowl doll, tilting steam kettle, lighted oven, batch warmer, can opener,
dough divider, dough roller, humidified proof box, power sifter, utility carts, dish carts, pastry stove, and
breadslicer.

Sustainable
Energy Cost Savings: Distinguish between areas for storage and circulation in the lighting plan to reduce
unnecessary fixtures. Consider using energy-efficient lighting fixtures.
Minimal HVAC: Exposed HVAC ductwork with suite thermostat control and ducted air return is sufficient
in the General Storage space type, however separate zones can be designated for larger storage areas.

Secure / Safe
Comfort and Safety: The health, safety, and comfort of employees is of paramount concern to
employers. For this reason, the office space type should be designed with increased fresh air ventilation,
the specification of non-toxic and low-polluting materials and indoor air quality monitoring. Non-
quantifiable benefits such as access to windows and view, and opportunities for interaction should also
be taken into account.




Cost-Effective
Cost-Effective Maintenance: It is important to ensure that routine maintenance of landscape elements,
water features, and artwork in plazas can be performed at a reasonable cost.
Use Durable Materials: Materials for outdoor amenities and furniture should be very durable and
resistant to the elements and vandalism. Metals that do not require repainting are

Accessible
Access to Features: The design team must ensure that landscaping, level changes, or other architectural
barriers do not prevent users from accessing amenities within a public plaza. This includes access to
public art, water features, seating, and other fixed "furniture", like water fountains. Accessible Route:
Grass and earth covered plazas must be well maintained in order to ensure compliant routes and ground
surfaces. However, masonry surfaces can be easily designed with compliant slopes that meet
accessibility standards and properly direct rainwater. In addition masonry surfaces are less expensive to
maintain.




























Sources:

http://archsoldesign.com/building_types/institutional.html
http://martintolley.com/environment/BuiltEnv2EnvPsy6.html
http://wbdg.org/design/spacetypes.php
http://www.buildingsdata.eu/content/definitions/building-type-residential-building
http://budgeting.thenest.com/types-residential-buildings-24504.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_property
http://www.wbdg.org/design/food_service.php
http://www.wbdg.org/design/gen_storage.php
http://www.wbdg.org/design/office_st.php
http://www.wbdg.org/design/plaza.php