The World bank - The World Bank is a United Nations international financial institution that

provides loans

to developing countries for capital programs
- The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty. all its decisions must be
guided by a commitment to the promotion of foreign investment and international
trade and to the facilitation of capital investment.
a) The bank decided to change its overall lending strategy policy
b) There was a shift from building dams to diging water holes. Change in emphasis from
c) The projects did not have the trickle down effect they have in industrialized countries. This means:
that the industrialized countries used the money far more wisely
d) The Bank is looking for ways of stimulating the growth of small business encouraging

a) Last year, the wheat needs of people in Africa`s Sahelian region could (meet) have met by a
twentieth of the wheat Europeans (use) used to feed their cattle.
b) By 1982, it (expect) expected that the World Bank (lend) almost $12 bilion to member countries.
c) It is no use (provide) providing money for projects unless these are carefully planned.
d) Robert McNamara has been successful in (shift) shifting the focus of aid away from transport,
power and communications projects. Despite (criticize) been criticized by some experts, he has
continued (urge) to urge Bank officials (concentrate) to concentrate more on agricultural
development and urban renewal.
e) Senior Bank officials resent (attack) been attacked for (use) use the Concorde airline too
frequently.
f) It is essential that the productivity of the urban poor (increase) should increase .
g) The industrialized nations should be discouraged from (set up) setting up trade barriers against
the exports of developing countries.
h) The first step involves (prepare) a comprehensive study of the economy. The report which (draw
up) is draw up is used by the Bank (provide) a basis for its decisions.
i) By (put) putting a photograph (show) showing the harvesting of sorghum in Upper Volta on the
cover of its annual report, the Bank intended (draw) to draw attention to its rural development
activities.
j) At present, developing nations (urge) been urged by the Bank (invest) to invest more resources in
labour-intensive projects.
k) It (think) is thought by more experts that agriculture is the key to (improve) improving the living
standards of the poor in may coutries.
l) It is time people (realize) should realize the seriousness of the population problem.

The Swiss Bank
a) The banks have withstood every challenge by the government resisted
b) A mystique has grown up around Swiss baking. Aura of secrecy
c) The view was propagated by the banks themselves. Spread
d) The effect of the pact was to curb the system of secrecy. Limit
e) People said the banks provided a shield for tax evasion. This means: the banks were accepting
money on which tax should have been paid
f) What stampeded the bank into placing restrictions on secrecy was.... made the banks act wisely
g) The affair tarnished the banks reputation of stability. Ruined
h) Italians who had hoarded lire wanted to change their currency into Swiss francs. Deposited
i) It needed this debacle to tip the banks towards reform. This sentences means: The scandal was
necessary finally to persuade the banks to make changes.

a) secrecy The Swiss banks have always been secretly about their operations.
b) withdraw After the scandal, some withdrawals of funds from Credit Swiss was to be expected.
c) origin Most banking frauds originate from bad surveillance of staff.
d) evasion If you ask a bank manager to lend you money, you may find him evading the
question!
e) habit People who habit have overdrafts sometimes end up by becoming very rich!
f) information This bank prospectus is most informative.
g) scandal Many Swiss people were scandalized when news of the Chiasso affair reached them.
h) convert Many currencies are not immediately converted into dollars.
i) guarantee When I brought my house, my father was guaranteed for some money I borrowed.
j) confidence This bank reference is marked private and confidently.
k) commercial It is a pity when a small and beautiful seaside town becomes commercially.