List of Interactive Geometry Software

List of interactive geometry software
FromWikipedia, thefreeencyclopedia
Interactive geometry software (IGS, or dynamic geometry environments, DGEs) are computer programs which allow one to create and then manipulate geometric constructions, primarily in
plane geometry. In most IGS, one starts construction by putting a few points and using themto define new objects such as lines, circles or other points. After some construction is done, one can
move the points one started with and see how the construction changes.
Contents
1 History
2 Comparison
2.1 License and platform
2.1.1 2D Software
2.1.2 3D Software
2.1.3 Any-dimensional Software
2.2 General features
2.3 Macros
2.4 Loci
2.5 Proof
2.6 Measurements and calculation
2.7 Graphics Export Formats
2.8 Object attributes
3 2D programs
3.1 C.a.R.
3.2 CaRMetal
3.3 Cabri II Plus
3.4 Cinderella
3.5 Euklid DynaGeo
3.6 Eukleides
3.7 Dr Genius
3.8 Dr. Geo
3.9 Gambol
3.10 GCLC
3.11 GeoGebra
3.12 Geolog
3.13 Geometry Expressions
3.14 The Geometer's Sketchpad
3.15 Geometrix
3.16 Geonext
3.17 The Geometric Supposer
3.18 Goplan-Gospace
3.19 GeoProof
3.20 GEUP
3.21 GRACE
3.22 iGeom
3.23 J eometry
3.24 Isard
3.25 Kig
3.26 Kgeo
3.27 KmPlot
3.28 KSEG
3.29 Non-Euclid
3.30 OpenEuclide
3.31 Sphaerica
3.32 Live Geometry
3.33 TracenPoche
3.34 Tabula
3.35 Tabulae
3.36 Wingeom
4 3D programs
4.1 Archimedes Geo3D
4.2 Cabri 3D
4.3 Euler 3D
4.4 Geometria
List of interactive geometry software - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_interactive_geometry_software
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4.5 Geomview
4.6 GEUP 3D
4.7 PyGeo
4.8 J avaView
4.9 SingSurf
4.10 Sterizium
4.11 Vectory
5 Any-dimensional programs
5.1 SpaceFuncs
6 Continuity vs. determinism
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
The earliest IGS was the Geometric Supposer, which was developed in the early 1980s.
[1]
This was soon followed by Cabri in 1986 and The Geometer's Sketchpad.
Comparison
There are three main types of computer environments for studying school geometry: supposers, dynamic geometry environments (DGEs) and Logo-based programs.
[2]
Most are DGEs: software
that allows the user to manipulate ("drag") the geometric object into different shapes or positions. The main example of a supposer is the Geometric Supposer, which does not have draggable
objects, but allows students to study pre-defined shapes. Nearly all of the following programs are DGEs. For a related, comparative physical example of these algorithms, see Lenart Sphere.
License and platform
The following table provides a first comparison of the different software according to their licence and platform.
2D Software
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Software Cost (USD) Licence Platforms
Apollonius (http://itunes.apple.com/app/apollonius/id368166017?mt=8) 3.99 US$ Proprietary iPhone/iPod Touch
Baghera ? ? Windows/?
Cabri Geometry ? Proprietary Windows, Mac OS X
Cabri-Euclide ? ? Windows/?
C.a.R. Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
CaRMetal Free GPL Windows, GNU Linux, Mac OS X
Cinderella 1.4 Free Proprietary Windows, Linux, Mac OS X (J ava)
Cinderella 2.0 69 US$ Proprietary Windows, Linux, Mac OS X (J ava)
Defi ? ? ?
DrGeo Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Euklid DynaGeo Shareware Proprietary Windows
Euklides Shareware Proprietary Windows
Eukleides Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Gambol ? ? Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
GCLC Free Proprietary Windows, Linux
GeoGebra Free Proprietary Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Geolog ? ? Windows/?
TheGeometer's Sketchpad ? Proprietary Windows, Mac OS X (J ava)
Geometric Supposer ? ? ?
Geometrix (http://geometrix.free.fr/site) Free Proprietary Linux, Windows
Geometry Expert (GEX) ? ? Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Geometry Explorer Free ? Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Geometry Expressions $99 USD Proprietary Windows, Linux, Mac
Geometry Tutor ? ? Windows/?
GeoNext Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Goplan Free CeCILL Windows
GeoProof Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
GeoView Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
GEUP ? Proprietary Windows
GRACE ? ? Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
iGeom Free Proprietary Linux, Windows, Mac OS X
Isard ? ? Windows
J eometry ? ? Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
J SXGraph Free GNU LGPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Kig Free GPL Linux
Kgeo Free GPL Linux
KmPlot Free GPL Linux, Mac OS X
KSEG Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Live Geometry (http://livegeometry.codeplex.com) Free Free Windows, Mac OS X (Silverlight & WPF)
MathKit ? Proprietary Linux, Windows, Mac OS X (J ava)
Mentoniezh ? ? ?
OpenEuclide Free GPL Windows, Linux
Tabula 19.95 US$ Proprietary Windows, Mac OS X (Silverlight)
Tabulae (http://tabulae.net) Free Proprietary Linux, Windows, Mac OS X (J ava)
WinGeom ? ? Windows
WIRIS ? Proprietary Linux, Windows, Mac OS X (J ava)
3D Software
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Software Cost (USD) Licence Platforms
Archimedes Geo3D Shareware Proprietary Windows/Mac OS X/Linux
Cabri 3D Shareware Proprietary Windows/Mac OS X
GeoGebra (fromversion 5.0 Beta) Free GPL Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android, iOS, Windows RT
Geometria (http://geocentral.net/geometria) Free MIT Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
GeomSpace (http://sourceforge.net/projects/geomspace/) Free GPL Windows, Linux, OpenSolaris, BSD
GeomView Free GNU LGPL Unix
Gospace Free CeCILL Windows
GEUP 3D Shareware Proprietary Windows
Sterizium(http://sterizium.ru) Free for non-commercial use Proprietary Windows
Yenka 3D Shapes Free for non-commercial use Proprietary Windows
WIRIS ? Proprietary Windows, Linux, Mac OS X
Any-dimensional Software
Software Cost (USD) License Platforms Brief Info
SpaceFuncs (http://openopt.org/SpaceFuncs) Free BSD
Windows, Linux,
Mac OS X (Python)
Uses FuncDesigner for parametrization and automatic differentiation,
OpenOpt for solving systems of geometric equations and numerical optimization
General features
The following table provides a more detailed comparison :
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Software Calculations Macros Loci Animations Scripting Assignments
LaTeX
export
Web
export
Multilingual Proofs Extra
Cabri II Plus Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes (with
plug-in)
No Yes Yes
Yes (on
relations)
Available on TI Calculator
CaR Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No ?
CaRMetal Yes (recursive) Yes Yes Yes (multiple)
Yes
(J avaScript)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes
(probabilistic)
Amodality, folder system, the
Monkey
Cinderella Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (PDF) Yes Yes Probabilistic
Several geometries, Physics
simulations
GCLC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Readable proofs, support for 3D
GeoGebra Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes
(J avaScript)
Yes (J avaScript)
Yes
(PSTricks
&
PGF/TikZ)
Yes
Yes (55
languages)
No
CAS, HTML5 Export (from
version 4.2)
3D & Automatic Proof (from
version 5.0)
Geometria Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No
Two-role (teacher, student)
model
Geometrix Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes
Interactive proof, diagram
checking, teacher/student
models, labels with dynamic
placeholders
Geometry
Expressions
Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes
Yes
(Interactive
HTML5/J S
Apps)
Yes No
Symbolic calculations, which
can be copied as input for CAS,
TeX, and source code in 21
formats/languages. Functions.
Arcs on any function or curve.
Website for exported HTML5
Canvas and J avaScript
Interactive Apps (Euclid's
Muse).
GeoNext Yes No No Yes ? ? No ? Yes No Availableas a web app
Goplan-
Gospace
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
Yes
(activeX)
Yes Yes
Sequences, 2D & 3D, human
readablefile format
GeoProof Yes No No No No No Yes No No Yes Automatic formal proofs
GEUP Yes Yes Yes Yes ? No ? No Yes No ?
iGeom Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Probabilist Recurrent scripts
Kig Yes Yes Yes No
Yes
(Python)
No
Yes
(PSTricks)
No Yes No
Labels with dynamic
placeholders
Live
Geometry
Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No Includes player.
Sketchpad Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No ?
Yes
(limited)
Yes No
Functions & function plots,
symbolic differentiation,
mathematical notation
Tabula Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No
Folding, cutting, taping, marker,
and working instrument models.
Tabulae Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes Yes No
Collaborative sessions over the
internet.
Cabri 3D Yes No No Yes No No No
Yes
(limited)
Yes No ?
Archimedes
Geo3D
Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No (Eng De Fr) No Intersection of Loci
GEUP 3D Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes No ?
Software Calculations Macros Loci Animations Scripting Assignments
LaTeX
export
Web export Multilingual Proofs Extra
Macros
Features related to macro constructions: (TODO)
Software Allows recursity Allows saving
Cabri II Plus Yes Yes
GCLC No No
GeoGebra Yes Yes
Goplan-Gospace Yes Yes
GEUP Yes Yes
iGeom Yes Yes
Kig ? Yes
KSEG Yes Yes
Sketchpad (GSP) Yes (via Iteration) Yes
Loci
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Loci features related to IGS: (TODO)
Software Take a point of a locus Intersection of two loci
Cabri II Plus Yes Yes
CaR Yes Yes
GeoGebra Yes No
Goplan-Gospace Yes No
GEUP Yes Yes
iGeom Yes No
Kig Yes No
Sketchpad (GSP) Yes No
Proof
Wedetail herethe proof related features. (TODO)
Software Interactive Proofs Automatic Proofs Probabilist Proofs
Cabri II Plus Feedback for No Yes in Cabri I
Cinderella No Using external CAS Yes
GCLC No Yes No
Geometrix Yes Yes No
Goplan-Gospace No No Yes
GeoProof Yes Yes No
iGeom No No Yes
J eometry No Yes No
Measurements and calculation
Measurement and calculation features related to IGS: (TODO)
Software Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic expressions Trigonometric functions If Object existence test
Cabri Yes Yes Yes Yes No
C.a.R. No Yes Yes Yes Yes
GCLC No Yes Yes Yes Yes
GeoGebra No Yes Yes Yes Yes (J avaScript)
Geometria No Yes Yes No No
Goplan-Gospace No Yes Yes Yes ( fonction) No
GeoProof Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Geometrix No Yes Yes Yes No
iGeom No Yes Yes No No
Graphics Export Formats
Software PNG BMP TIFF GIF SWF SVG EMF Fig Postscript Pdf LaTeX/Eukleides LaTeX/Pstricks LaTeX/PGF/TikZ Asymptote
C.a.R. Yes No ? ? ? Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes ? ?
Cinderella Yes Yes ? ? ? ? ? ? No Yes ? ? ? ?
GCLC No Yes ? ? ? Yes No No Yes No No Yes ? ?
GeoGebra Yes No No
Yes
(animated)
No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes
Geometry
Expressions
Yes Yes Yes
Yes
(animated)
No No Yes No Yes No ? ? ? ?
GeoProof Yes No ? ? ? Yes No No No No Yes No ? ?
Kig Yes Yes ? ? ? Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes ? ?
KmPlot Yes Yes ? ? ? Yes ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
KSEG Yes Yes ? ? ? No No ? No No No ? ?
Geometrix No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No ? ?
iGeom No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No ? ?
Object attributes
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Software Color Filled/Not filled Width Transparency Shown/Hidden Layer Shape of points Type of line
Cabri Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
C.a.R. Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
GCLC Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes
GeoGebra Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Geometria Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Geometry Expressions Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No (but size) Yes
Goplan-Gospace Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Kig Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes
GeoProof Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Geometrix Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes
iGeom Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes
Sketchpad Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ? Yes Yes
2D programs
C.a.R.
C.a.R. is a free GPL analog of GSP, written in J ava.
CaRMetal
CaRMetal is a free GPL softwarewritten in J ava. It is derived fromC.a.R and provides another user interface.
Cabri II Plus
Cabri II Plus (http://www.cabri.com) is an extended analog of GSP and actually the ancestor of all DGSs.
Cinderella
Cinderella is very different fromGSP, written in J ava.
The new version Cinderella.2 also includes a physics simulation engine and a scripting language. Also, it now supports macros, line segments, calculations, arbitrary functions, plots, etc. Full
documentation is available online.
Euklid DynaGeo
Euklid DynaGeo [1] (http://www.dynageo.de) is a shareware analog of GSP for windows.
Eukleides
Eukleides [2] (http://www.eukleides.org/), part of GPL, is a geometry drawing language.
Dr Genius
Dr Genius was an attempt to merge Dr. Geo and the Genius calculator.
Dr. Geo
Dr. Geo[3] (http://www.ofset.org/drgeo) is a GPL interactive software especially valuablefor younger students (7-15). Now Dr. Geo II,
[3]
a complete rewrite of Dr. Geo for the Squeak/Smalltalk
environment, is available.
Gambol
Gambol [4] (http://gambol.sourceforge.net/) is a Euclidean, construction-based, drawing system.
GCLC
GCLC
[4]
is a dynamic geometry tool for visualizing and teaching geometry, and for producing mathematical illustrations. In GCLC figures are described rather than drawn. This approach
stresses the fact that geometrical constructions are abstract, formal procedures and not figures. A concrete figure can be generated on the basis of abstract description. There are several output
formats, including LaTeX, LaTeX/PStricks, LaTeX/Tikz, SVG, PostScript. There is a built-in geometry theoremprover (based on the area method). GCLC is available for Windows and Linux.
WinGCLC is a Windows version of GCLC with graphical interface and provides a range of additional functionalities.
GeoGebra
GeoGebra is free software that joins geometry, algebra and calculus for mathematics education in schools and universities.
License: open source under GNU General Public License (free of charge)
Languages: 55
Geometry: points, lines, all conic sections, vectors, parametric curves, locus lines
Algebra: direct input of inequalities, implicit polynomials, linear and quadratic equations; calculations with numbers, points and vectors
Calculus: direct input of functions (including piecewise-defined); intersections and roots of functions; symbolic derivatives and integrals (built in CAS); sliders as parameters
Parametric Graphs: Yes
Implicit Polynomials: Yes
Web Export: all constructions exportable as web pages; J avaScript interface for interactive exercises
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Macros: usable both as tools with the mouse and as commands in the input field
Animation: Yes
Spreadsheet: Yes, the cells can contain any GeoGebraobject (Numbers, Points, Functions etc.)
Dynamic text: Yes (including LaTeX)
Platforms: Mac OS, Unix/Linux, Windows (anything which supports J ava 1.5 or later)
Continuity: uses a heuristic 'near-to-approach' to avoid jumping objects
Geolog
Geolog
[5]
is a logic programming language for finitary geometric logic.
Geometry Expressions
Geometry Expressions
[6]
Does symbolic geometry. It uses real symbolic inputs and returns real and symbolic outputs. An emphasis is placed on use with CAS, as well as export and sharing via
interactive HTML5, Lua, and OSX dashboard widget apps.
The Geometer's Sketchpad
The Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP)
Deterministic
Languages: English, Spanish, Danish, Russian, Korean, Thai, Traditional and Simplified Chinese, French, Lithuanian (current version); others (older versions).
Macros: Yes ("customtools" and "scripts")
Java-applet: Yes
Animation: Yes
Locus: Yes, including point on locus
Assignments: No
Measurement/Calculations: Yes
Platform: Windows, Mac OS, TI-92+, works under wine
Proofs: No
Geometrix
Geometrix [5] (http://geometrix.free.fr/site) is a free interactive geometry software, written in Prolog and FreePascal (Lazarus).
Geometrix can directly guide the student in his demonstration of any property of the figure. It calculates all the proofs whilethe student is constructing the figure. Three types of reasoning
are allowed (and can be intermixed): deduction, induction, abduction. Geometrix, which generates a large number of different solutions, offers the student, when he has finished his
demonstration, a canonical formof the demonstration and displays some suggestions on possible alternatives.
Allows a teacher to propose to a student a specific geometry construction exercise and then the softwarewill check the student's diagramfor accuracy.
Allows the teacher to programspecific suggestions in written form, orally, and visually via diagrams and short animations of all sort that the teacher can store and have appear at the
appropriate times.
Can automatically generate proof exercises.
Allows students to do proofs and gives automatic feedback at every step along theway.
Automatic coding of the figure. Can produce conjectures.
Dynamic labels.
Animations.
Loci.
Proofs.
Assignments.
Measurement/Calculations.
Diagram-checking.
No-cost software
Geonext
Geonext [6] (http://www.geonext.de/) is a free (GPL) analog of GSP written in J ava and offers a view calculus features (parametric curves, functions) as well.
The Geometric Supposer
The Geometric Supposer
[7]
Goplan-Gospace
GeoProof
GeoProof
[8]
is a free GPL dynamic geometry software, written in OCaml.
GEUP
GEUP is a bit more calculus-oriented analog of GSP.
Deterministic
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Languages: English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish.
Macros: Yes
Java-applet: No
Animation: Yes
Locus: Yes / point on locus
Assignments: No
Measurement/Calculations: Yes
Platform: Windows
Proofs: No
GRACE
GRACE(The Graphical Ruler And Compass Editor) is an analog of GSP, written in J ava.
iGeom
iGeom[7] (http://www.matematica.br/igeom/) is freeware interactive geometry software hosted on the Internet for learning and teaching geometry (analog of GSP and Cabri), written in J ava.
Jeometry
Jeometry is a dynamic geometry applet.
Isard
Isard
[9]
is an interactive geometry software originally written in Smalltalk. The latest version only works under VisualWorks 7.
Kig
Kig is a free (GPL) analog of GSP for KDE, but a bit moreto calculus-oriented, and part of KDE Edutainment Project.
Kgeo
Kgeo[8] (http://kgeo.sourceforge.net/) is a free (GPL) analog of GSP for KDE, but a bit more too calculus-oriented, and its interface is similar to Kig.
Development has stopped, and the project was replaced and improved by Kig.
KmPlot
KmPlot[9] (http://edu.kde.org/kmplot/) is a mathematical function plotter released under the free (GPL). Includes a powerful parser and precision printing in correct scale. Simultaneously plot
multiple functions and combine function terms to build new functions. Supports functions with parameters and functions in polar coordinates. Several grid modes are available.
powerful mathematical parser
precise metric printing
different plot types (functions, parametric, polar)
highly configurable visual settings (plot line, axes, grid)
export to bitmap format (BMP and PNG) and scalablevector graphics (SVG)
save/load completesession in readable xml format
trace mode: cross hair following plot, coordinates shown in the status bar
zooming support
ability to draw the 1st and 2nd derivative and the integral of a plot function
support user defined constants and parameter values
various tools for plot functions: find minium/maximumpoint, get y-value and draw the area between the function and the y-axis
KSEG
KSEG is a free (GPL) analog of GSP which has a few features uniqueto it. This software can handle heavy, complicated constructions in Euclidean geometry.
Deterministic
Languages: Dutch, English, French, Chinese, German, Hungarian, Italian, J apanese, Norwegian Bokmal, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, Welsh.
Macros: Yes. Editable and with support for recursion
Java-applet: No
Animation: No
Locus: Yes, No direct way to put point on locus.
Assignments: No
Measurement/Calculations: Yes (calculator is bit strange)
Platform: Unix/Linux, Windows, Mac OS (anything which supports Qt)
Proofs: No
Extra: Editable
Non-Euclid
Non-Euclid
[10]
is a very basic J ava-IGS used only for hyperbolic geometry in the Poincar disk and the upper half-plane models.
OpenEuclide
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OpenEuclide
[11]
is a GPL 2D geometry software.
Sphaerica
Sphaerica
[12]
is an open source geometry software for spherical geometry. It supports orthographic, stereographic and gnomonic projections and various tools for constructions on the sphere.
Live Geometry
Live Geometry [10] (http://livegeometry.codeplex.com/) is a freecodeplex project that lets you create interactive ruler and compass constructions and experiment with them. It is written with
Silverlight 4 and C#4.0 (Visual Studio 2010). The core engine is a flexible and extensible framework that allows you to easily add new figure types and features. The project has two front-ends:
WPF and Silverlight; they both share the common DynamicGeometry library.
TracenPoche
TracenPoche[11] (http://tracenpoche.sesamath.net) is a completely Adobe Flash program. It is available in English, Spanish, and French.
Tabula
Tabula is a commercial dynamic geometry programcreated by Numeracy Works. Tabula supports hands-on learning and can be used to construct, cut, tape, fold, measure, and transform
geometric figures. Built using Silverlight, it is both Mac OS and Windows compatible.
Tabulae
Tabulae [12] (http://www.tabulae.net) is a dynamic geometry software written in J ava. It is under development fromthe Federal University of Rio de J aneiro. It is available in Brazilian and
Portuguese.
Wingeom
Wingeom
[13]
is a programfor high-precision geometric constructions in both two and three dimensions.
3D programs
Archimedes Geo3D
Archimedes Geo3D
Cabri 3D
Cabri 3D v2 (http://www.cabri.com/)
Euler 3D
Euler 3D
Euler 3D is a programthat allows you to create and manipulate your own polyhedrons. It has a number of facilities: transformations, animations, creating duals, import/export VRML, etc.
Free registration required.
Geometria
Geometria (http://geocentral.net/geometria) is free(MIT License) cross-platformsoftware based on a two-role (teacher, student) model. The teacher creates a problem, provides it with an answer
and saves the problemin a file. The student opens the file and solves the problem. The student's actions are recorded. The teacher plays back the solution and grades it. The figures are limited to
convex polyhedra, which can be measured, drawn upon, transformed, cut and joined.
Geomview
Geomview
GEUP 3D
GEUP 3D (http://www.geup.net/en/geup3d/index.htm)
PyGeo
PyGeo
JavaView
J avaView
J avaView is a 3D geometry viewer and a mathematical visualization software. You can explore miscellaneous 3D models with it.
SingSurf
SingSurf
Based on J avaView, this programcan calculate and draw singular algebraic curves and surfaces.
Sterizium
Sterizium(http://www.sterizium.ru/) is freewarestereometry viewer application for the development of spatial thinking.
Kinect sensor support.
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Vectory
Vectory (http://www.freeware.de/download/vectory_62148.html) is a freeware specifically developed for school students. This programvisualizes primitive geometry, like points, lines, planes
and spheres. Further features like intersections, distance calculation and parametrizing the inputs are available.
Any-dimensional programs
SpaceFuncs
SpaceFuncs is a cross-platform(Linux, Windows, Mac etc.) completely free (license: BSD) Python language module for 2D, 3D, N-dimensional space calculations with abilities of:
parametrized modeling (using FuncDesigner)
performing numerical optimization and solving geometrical systems of equations (possibly parametrized) by OpenOpt, using FuncDesigner automatic differentiation, that yields more
precise (and very often faster) results than finite-differences derivatives approximation
some graphic output using Matplotlib (any other Python graphic visualization library fromthe variety (http://scipy.org/Topical_Software#head-
b98ffdb309ccce4e4504a25ea75b5c806e4897b6) can be easily connected).
Continuity vs. determinism
All these programs can be divided into two category: deterministic and continuous. GeoGebra can be deterministic or continuous (one can change it in preferences).
All constructions in the deterministic programs (GSP, Cabri, Kseg and most of others) are completely determined by the given points but the result of some constructions can jump or behave
unexpectedly when a given point is moved.
On the contrary, some constructions in continuous programs (so far only Cinderella and GeoGebra), depend on the number of hidden parameters and in such a way that moving a given point
produces a continuous motion of the construction, as a result, if the point is moved back to the original position the result of construction might be different.
Here is a test to check whether a particular programis continuous:
Construct the orthocenter of triangle and three midpoints (say A', B' C' ) between vertices and orthocenter.
Construct a circumcircle of A'B'C' .
This is the nine-point circle, it intersects each side of the original triangleat two points: the base of altitude and midpoint. Construct an intersection of one side with the circle at midpoint now
move opposite vertex of the original triangle, if the constructed point does not move when base of altitude moves through it that probably means that your programis continuous.
Although it is possible to make a deterministic programwhich behaves continuously in this and similar simple examples, in general it can be proved that no programcan be continuous and
deterministic at the same time.
[14]
See also
Mathematical software
Constructive solid geometry
Lnrt sphere
References
^ Schwartz; Yerushalmy and Wilson (1993). The Geometric Supposer: What is it a Case of?. Hillsdale, NJ : LawrenceErlbaumAssociates. 1.
^ Battista, M.T. (2007). "TheDevelopment of Geometric and Spatial Thinking". In Lester, J r., F.K. Second Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning. Charlotte, NC: Information Ageand
theNational Council of Teachers of Mathematics. pp. 843903.
2.
^ http://wiki.laptop.org/go/DrGeo 3.
^ http://www.matf.bg.ac.rs/~janicic/gclc/ 4.
^ http://www.csupomona.edu/~jrfisher/www/geolog/ 5.
^ http://geometryexpressions.com 6.
^ http://www.cet.ac.il/math-international/software5.htm 7.
^ http://home.gna.org/geoproof/ 8.
^ http://www.jeannot.org/~js/isard/ 9.
^ http://www.cs.unm.edu/~joel/NonEuclid/NonEuclid.html 10.
^ http://coulon.publi.free.fr/openeuclide/ 11.
^ http://sourceforge.net/projects/sphaerica/ 12.
^ http://math.exeter.edu/rparris/wingeom.html 13.
^ Kortenkamp, Ulrich (1999): Foundations of Dynamic Geometry, Dissertation, ETH Zurich 1999. Availableonlineat http://kortenkamps.net/papers/1999/diss.pdf 14.
External links
A Comparison of Geometry Softwarefor the Classroom(http://geometryclass.info/software.htm)
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List of Interactive Geometry Software - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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List of Interactive Geometry Software - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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