Middle School Curriculum

Unit 7: Animal Science

Lesson 12: New Technologies in Animal Science
Student Objectives
1. Identify new trends in reproduction.
2. Identify new trends in management.
. Identify new methods for processing products.
!. Identify new techni"ues used to mar#et products.
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!e"erences
,urton% -. .e/ere. Agriscience and Technology. Al0any% 12. .elmar
3u0lishers% Inc.
U.S. .epartment of Agriculture. New Crops, New Uses, New Markets: Yearbook
of Agriculture. 4ashington% .C: U.S. 5o6ernment 3rinting 7ffice.
8erren% 9ay /. Eploring Agriscience. Al0any% 12: .elmar 3u0lishers% Inc.
Morgan% :li;a0eth M.< -ee% =asper S.< and 4ilson% :li;a0eth. Agriscience
Eplorations !
rd
Edition. Upper Saddle 9i6er% 1=: 3rentice 8all Interstate.
#$ui%ment& Su%%lies& aterials
maga;ines
newspapers
research articles and >ournals
Teaching 'rocedure
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.ntroduction and ental Set
1ew disco6eries are 0eing made all the time in the animal science industry.
?hey in6ol6e news trends in reproduction and management and new methods
of processing and mar#eting products. ?his lesson e@plores these new
technologies. 8a6e students find articles concerning new de6elopments in
animal science. 3ro6ide resources in the classroom for students who do not
ha6e access to other sources.
/iscussion
". #$estion: %hat are so&e new trends in the field of ani&al reprod$ction'
Answer:
arti"icial insemination: 0reeding animals other than 0y natural
mating
estrus s+nchroni0ation: using synthetic hormones to ma#e a
group of females come into heat at the same time
embr+o trans"er: remo6ing an em0ryo from one female and
placing it in another female
gene s%licing: >oining .1A from one organism with the .1A in
another
cloning: the production of one or more e@act genetic copies of an
animal
(. #$estion: %hat changes are being &ade in the area of ani&al
&anage&ent'
Answer:
electronic sensors: used to control 6entilation systems% acti6ate
water or insecticide sprayers% and to deli6er feed rations
robots: used to mil# cows
rec+cled animal wastes: can 0e used as li6estoc# feeds% methane
gas% a source of heat which pro6ides steam that is used in the
generation of electricity% or fertili;er
electrical timing devices: used to turn on 6entilation systems that
pro6ide fresh air at certain inter6als and to turn on lights to
artificially ad>ust the length of the daylight period for laying hens
to stimulate egg production
:@plain to students how these are used and how they ha6e changed animal
management. ?his is not a comprehensi6e list of uses% >ust a few e@amples.
!. #$estion: )ow has the processing of ani&al prod$cts changed'
Answer:
use o" com%uters: computers can maintain a large num0er of
records at one time and also aid in agricultural mar#eting and
management
robotics: ro0ots can perform some of the same tas#s that wor#ers
in processing plants were once needed for
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laser technolog+: used to 0rand codes on pac#ages and control
machine operations 0y acti6ating onAoff switches
$ualit+ control: a processing function responsi0le for the "uality
of finished products
modern e$ui%ment: agricultural practices are easier and more
efficient with new e"uipment
e1tended shel" li"e: food additi6es ha6e 0een de6eloped that
increase the time a product can 0e stoc#ed in a store without losing
its "uality
%reservation %ac2aging: preser6ati6es #eep food fresher longer
increased "ood sa"et+ %rocessing laws: these laws ensure that all
animal products are processed correctly and are safe for
consumption
:@plain to students how these things ha6e changed the industry. 4e are
a0le to 0e much more efficient in the processing of animal products
0ecause of these new technologies.
*. #$estion: %hat new technologies ha+e been de+eloped in &arketing
ani&al prod$cts'
Answer: Agriculturists ha6e de6eloped new and "uic#er ways to mar#et
their products. Some e@amples include:
video merchandising: an inno6ati6e approach to selling li6estoc#
that allows 0uyers in distant locations to 6iew the sale offering
without actually 6isiting the farm or ranch< a 6ideo is prepared that
shows the li6e animals mo6ing a0out a pen much as they would 0e
seen if the 0uyer was inspecting them on site
telemar2eting: an auction sale conducted o6er the telephone<
animals and commodities that are offered for sale are weighed%
graded for "uality% and sorted into uniform groups prior to the sale
and then are descri0ed o6er the phone to the 0uyers and sold to the
highest 0idder
"utures trading: a mar#eting technology in which contracts for
agricultural commodities such as li6e cattle% hogs% wheat% corn% and
some other products are 0ought and sold for deli6ery at a future
date
advertising: any form of non)personal presentation and promotion
of ideas% goods% andAor ser6ices 0y an identified sponsor
7ther Acti6ities
1. In6ite a guest spea#er from the animal industry to pro6ide a program on a
new technology that heAshe is using.
2. Arrange a tour of a local animal industry to see new technologies in use.
. 8a6e students drawAdesign their own facilities using new technology.
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ACADEMIC CONNECTIONS
Language Arts
iddle School Connections in Agriculture #ducation
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After learning a0out new technologies in animal science% de6elop a new technology of
your own for the animal industry. Answer the "uestions 0elow in complete sentences.
1. 4hat would your new technology 0e calledD
2. 4hat animals would it 0e useful to or used onD
. :@plain how your new technology would wor#.
!. 8ow would it impact the animal industryD
+. 4hy is your new technology useful in the animal science areaD
(. 8ow would you mar#et your new technologyD
7. 4ho should 0uy your new technologyD
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ACADEMIC CONNECTIONS
Science
iddle School Connections in Agriculture #ducation
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In this lesson you learned a0out new and emerging technologies in agriculture. In this
acti6ity you will further e@plore how sanitation and pasteuri;ation ha6e impro6ed health
care 0y decreasing infectious diseases.
3rocedureAActi6ity:
,ring 0eef 0roth to class or prepare 0eef 0roth in class. ?his can 0e prepared with 0eef
0ouillon cu0es or it can 0e lefto6er 0roth from coo#ing. 3our 1''ml of 0eef 0roth into
four different containers. -a0el each A% ,% C% and .. Add 1'ml of salt to container A.
Add 1' ml of sugar to container ,. Add 1'ml of 6inegar to container C. .o not add
anything to container .. Allow it to 0e the control EcomparisonF for this e@periment.
Mi@ all containers and store in a safe location for !* hours. After !* hours% o0ser6e each
container. Ma#e a temporary wet mount slide of 0roth from each container and o0ser6e
under the microscope. .raw a picture of each slide on a sheet of note0oo# paper. 4hich
container did not ha6e 0acterial growthD :@plain your hypothesis identifying any
ingredients that might 0e effecti6e in preser6ing foods and pre6enting 0acterial growth.
Measure 1''ml of mil# into two separate containers. Containers should 0e la0eled A and
,. 3lace container A in the refrigerator and container , in a warm area. 70ser6e the
mil# each day and ma#e a temporary slide of the mil#. Geep a record of the data from
each day for se6en days. 4hat has 0een o0ser6edD Is either of the containers of mil#
still drin#a0leD 4hat would happen after another se6en daysD :@plain your prediction.
Compare e@periment 1 and 2. 4hat similarities and differences were o0ser6edD
H ?his acti6ity was ta#en from 5eorgia -earning Connections Ewww.glc.#12.ga.usF.
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ACADEMIC CONNECTIONS
athematics
iddle School Connections in Agriculture #ducation
athematics QCC: (rade 3 8 7& 21
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9o0ots are now used to mil# dairy cows 0ecause they are more efficient than mil#ing
cows 0y hand.
1. If an a6erage dairy cow produces 71 pounds of mil# per wee#% how many
pounds will the cow produce in a yearD Ethere are +2 wee#s in a yearF
2. 8ow many pounds of mil# does this dairy cow produce per dayD
. If you owned 1%''' dairy cows that all yielded 71 pounds of mil# per wee#% how
many pounds would all these cows produce for the entire yearD
!. If you recei6ed I'.'* for each pound of mil# your cows produced% how much
money would you ma#e in a yearD
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Answers:
1. 1&%2&2 pounds per year
2. + pounds per day
. 1&%2&2%''' pounds in a year
!. I1%+!%('.'' a year
(eorgia iddle School Agricultural #ducation Curriculum& )nit * Lesson 12
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Summar+
Conclusion
1ew technologies are 0eing de6eloped in the animal industry constantly.
Scientists are de6eloping 0etter ways to produce outstanding animals. As a
result% the products which consumers use are of higher "uality% yet still
afforda0le.
#valuation
4ritten e@am
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