Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
hg
atm
.3ka .8
3
h h in mm
Inlet Air Flow
2.2h
.5
.m
3
hour
Discharge Air Flow
.5 (
h
)
.5
m
3
hour
Swept Volume
V
4
.
2
.5
3.84845
.23
m
3
hour
Dynamometer Power Output
.25
Compressor Air Power Input
offload
Isothermal Power Input
ln
Isentropic Power Input
[(
] , .4
Volumetric Efficiency
vol
28.
h
.5
Isothermal Efficiency
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
Isentropic Efficiency
OBJECTIVE:
Our objective in this experiment is to investigate the effect of delivery pressure on the
performance of a reciprocating air compressor.
RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS:
Measured data
t
1
= Air-First Stage Inlet
t
2
= Air-First Stage Outlet
t
3
= Water-Intercooler Inlet
t
4
= Water Intercooler Outlet
P
2
, bar
Abs
h, mm
H
2
O
L, N t
1
, C t
2
, C t
3
, C t
4
, C
2.0 8.0 18.0 27.0 51.0 28.0 30.0
2.5 7.5 19.0 27.0 57.0 28.0 30.0
3.0 7.5 20.0 27.0 61.0 28.0 30.0
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
3.5 7.0 20.7 27.0 66.0 28.0 30.0
4.0 7.0 21.7 27.0 71.0 28.0 31.0
4.5 6.5 22.0 27.0 75.0 28.0 31.0
5.0 6.0 22.8 27.0 78.0 28.0 31.0
5.5 6.0 23.2 28.0 82.0 28.0 31.0
6.0 5.5 23.5 28.0 84.0 28.0 31.0
6.5 5.5 23.7 28.0 86.0 28.0 31.0
7.0 5.0 23.9 28.0 88.0 28.0 31.0
7.5 4.5 24.1 28.0 90.0 28.0 31.0
8.0 4.5 24.2 28.0 91.0 28.0 31.0
8.5 4.0 24.5 28.0 92.0 28.0 31.0
9.0 4.0 24.6 28.0 93.0 28.0 31.0
9.5 3.5 24.6 28.0 93.0 28.0 31.0
10.0 3.5 24.7 28.0 94.0 28.0 30.0
Off Load 1.10
Table 1
Calculated data
P
1
,
kPa
P
2
,
kPa
h,
mm
H
2
O
m
3
/hr
L, N
vol
,
%
T
,
%
S
,
%
101.222 200 8.0 8.406 18 0.907 0.685 0.161 0.178 52.01 23.48 25.92
101.226 250 7.5 8.139 19 0.958 0.736 0.207 0.236 50.36 28.12 32.08
101.226 300 7.5 8.139 20 1.008 0.786 0.249 0.292 50.36 31.62 37.08
101.231 350 7.0 7.863 20.7 1.043 0.822 0.274 0.329 48.65 33.39 40.07
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
101.231 400 7.0 7.863 21.7 1.094 0.872 0.304 0.372 48.65 34.84 42.67
101.236 450 6.5 7.577 22 1.109 0.887 0.318 0.396 46.88 35.83 44.68
101.241 500 6.0 7.280 22.8 1.149 0.927 0.327 0.414 45.04 35.26 44.68
101.241 550 6.0 7.280 23.2 1.169 0.948 0.346 0.446 45.04 36.57 47.02
101.246 600 5.5 6.970 23.5 1.184 0.963 0.349 0.455 43.12 36.23 47.22
101.246 650 5.5 6.970 23.7 1.195 0.973 0.364 0.481 43.12 37.47 49.45
101.251 700 5.0 6.646 23.9 1.205 0.983 0.361 0.482 41.11 36.77 49.09
101.256 750 4.5 6.305 24.1 1.215 0.993 0.355 0.479 39.01 35.76 48.26
101.256 800 4.5 6.305 24.2 1.220 0.998 0.367 0.500 39.01 36.73 50.06
101.261 850 4.0 5.944 24.5 1.235 1.013 0.356 0.490 36.77 35.11 48.32
101.261 900 4.0 5.944 24.6 1.240 1.018 0.365 0.507 36.77 35.88 49.82
101.266 950 3.5 5.560 24.6 1.240 1.018 0.350 0.490 34.40 34.39 48.16
101.266 1000 3.5 5.560 24.7 1.245 1.023 0.358 0.506 34.40 35.01 49.42
Off Load 1.1
Table 2
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
Graph of discharge pressure P
2
against inlet air flow
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 7.000 8.000 9.000
d
i
s
c
h
a
r
g
e
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
(
P
2
,
k
p
a
)
inlet air flow (Q
c
,M
3
/hr)
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
Graph of discharge pressure, P
2
against power,
and
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400
Wd(kW)
Wc(kW)
Wt(kW)
Ws(kW)
Power output (W
C
, W
D
, W
S
, W
T
,kW)
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
Graph of efficiency,
vol
,
S
and
T
against intake air pressure, P
1
DISCUSSION:
Using the data we recorded, we were able to plot some graphs. But this experiment turned out to be a
dynamic test and we could not achieve steady state conditions and as a result an energy balance of the
compressor will not have attained equilibrium and the volumetric efficiency and power input may have
some error. This limitation can be avoided by operating the compressor with air being discharged from
the air receivers, with the air receiver pressure being controlled at each value in turn as a steady state
condition by careful adjustment of the discharge valve.
From the table and graph of inlet pressure, we can see that inlet air flow is decreasing as the pressure
increases. Whereas we can see that in the other graph, the power output increases gradually as the
pressure increases. Lastly in the efficiency graph, it can be seen that fluctuations the intake air pressure
increases. From this it is clear that the machine is not 100 percent efficient. Energy is lost in many forms.
In addition they might have many errors and mistake during the experiment. Parallax error is one
common error that happens during these kinds of experiments. Next is the machine itself might have its
own errors. In this experiment we are supposed to use a two stage air compressor but due to some
technical problem we have to use only one stage compressor. The second stage compressor was broken
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
101.210 101.220 101.230 101.240 101.250 101.260 101.270
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
v
o
l
,
S
,
T
(
%
)
intake air pressure,P
1
(kpa)
Nvol
Nt
Ns
U3 Reciprocating Air Compressor
Sheikh Shahir Muhammad Afiful Islam
KEM120702
down. Since there was lacking of a component in the whole air compressor system, we were unable to use
the compressor.
We should undertake some precautions and safety measures before carrying out this experiment. First of
all, students should wear proper attire before running the machine. This is to prevent any accidents. This
because the belt drive system might pull the loose clothing as it rotates very fast. Reading and
measurements must be done at least 3 times to get an average value. The machine must be maintained in
an orderly manner and should undergo check-ups from time to time.
CONCLUSION:
We can say that we successfully studied the effect of delivery pressure on a reciprocating air compressor
machine.
REFERENCES:
1. Laboratory manual.
2. Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_compressor
3. Popular Mechanics
http://www.popularmechanics.com/home/improvement/energy-efficient/1275131
4. Thermodynamics : An Engineering approach