UP Master Development Plan (MDP) Development Principles & Design Guidelines

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MASTER PLAN
DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES AND DESIGN GUIDELINES doc 6/18/14 Page 1 of 82

OFFICE OF DESIGN AND PLANNING INITIATIVES OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION

1.0 DEFINITIONS

1.1 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MASTER PLAN

The University of the Philippines Master Plan (UPMP) in its drawn and written form is a policy document
which endows upon the Universitys present and future administrators the duty to develop the
Universitys real estate assets in a well-planned and organized manner. It will guide the university in
resource development and generation in accordance with its mandate. The document is intended to
assist in the understanding of the intentions of the various land use zonings for all University of the
Philippines real estate properties and contains the guiding principles and strategies for their
development.

The UP Master Plan takes off from the UP Strategic Plan 2011-2017 (See Appendix ---), translating into
the physical form the Universitys Vision of a One UP by formulating a System-wide Master Plan (See
Figure 1). It is composed of the following documents:

a. UP Development Principles and Design Guidelines
b. UP Campuses Master Plans
c. UP Land Grants Master Plans
d. UP Minor Properties Master Development Plans

1.2 UP CAMPUS MASTER PLAN

The UP Campus Master Plan (UPCMP) is a campus-specific policy document that defines the
academic, academic-support and administrative needs of the constituent universities and its translation
into land uses and development plans consistent and in compliance with the UP Strategic Plan and the
UP Development Principles and Design Guidelines, for the development of the real estate properties
assigned to each constituent University under the University of the Philippines System. The UPCMPs
are composed of:

a. the UP Campus Land Use Plan (CLUP)
b. the UP Campus Master Development Plan (CMDP)
c. the Site Development Plans of each campus land-use cluster (SDP)

1.3 UP LAND GRANT MASTER PLAN and MINOR PROPERTY MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN

The UP Land Grant Master Plan (UPLGMP) and UP Minor Property Master Development Plan
(UPMPMDP) are the physical policy documents that cover Land Grants and other additional minor UP
System properties awarded and/or donated to the University to be used for development.

Figure 1. UP Master Plan Contents



2.0 AUTHORITY FOR THE PLAN AND PROCEDURE

2.1 POLICY FORMULATION

The UPMP was formulated by the whole UP System. At the top of the Planning Organization is the U.P.
Board of Regents (BOR), who gave the authority to the University President for the execution of a
system-wide planning project, as well as the final approval of the UPMP and the various UPCMPs for
implementation. At the bottom of the planning organization are the various UP constituent universities,
its administrators, faculties and staff, who assisted in the preparation and the formulation of their
respective CLUPs. (See Figure 2)

Figure 2. Planning Organization of the University of the Philippines Master Plan

The Office of the Vice President for Development (OVPD) through the Office of Design and Planning
Initiatives (ODPI), formally instituted in the BOR Meeting No. 1252 dated 18 December 2009, was
tasked to prepare the planning format, to examine the architectural, urban design, planning, traffic and
engineering aspects associated with the development of all University of the Philippines real estate
properties, to integrate and collate the various initiatives, and to prepare the planning document.


Creation of the Office of Design and Planning Initiatives

The ODPI is mandated to direct, review, and recommend approval of the formulated land use and
master plans for all UP Campuses, and other UP System properties and land grants, and coordinate
with the Chancellors of the different constituent universities in the regular update and enhancement of
their respective master plans. These shall be in accordance with the Guidelines for General
Development Strategies presented to and approved by the Presidents Advisory Council (PAC) during its
meeting held in Baguio City on 14 August 2009.

The Office shall be headed by a Director who shall be a member of the faculty of the College of
Architecture. He shall be assisted by a deputy director from the School of Urban and Regional Planning
(SURP), with consultants from the College of Engineering, the College of Business Administration, the
College of Social Work and Community Development, and other academic units, as needed. An initial
staff complement of four (4) shall be required to ensure that the office is able to effectively fulfill its
objectives. Such staff shall be initially composed of an Administrative Officer (strong in design and
research), two designers/CADD people, and a support/liaison person. The Office shall be based at the
College of Architecture in UP Diliman. (See Annex--- for qualifications.)

Figure 3. Office of Design and Planning Initiatives Initial Organization

Specifically, the Office shall:
a. Review the Campuses Land Use Plans of the constituent universities (CU) at least once every ten
years, to ensure that such plans remain relevant and in consonance with current conditions and
realities. Changes will then be suggested to the Chancellors of the different CUs on possible
updates that may be integrated into each existing plan;
b. Formulate Campuses Master Development Plans for the different CUs, to serve as guides in the
continuing physical development of the University and its different constituent universities. The end
result would be plans showing the actual physical layout of campuses and other University
properties, locations of individual buildable lots, traffic and pedestrian configurations, utility
requirements and layout, in-campus transportation systems, and other physical requirements.
Professional help may be required for the more detailed plans, which may then be contracted out;
For this and the above task, the ODPI shall work with the Office of the Campus Architect (OCA) of
the different CUs;
c. In support of the above, formulate guidelines for the development of transport and traffic
management plans for the respective campuses to ensure the efficient flow of traffic, to use low-
carbon public transport systems and transport facilities in ensuring inclusive mobility and to

promote environmentally sustainable transport systems in the university, particularly at the various
campuses.
d. Define the distinctive UP character that shall be integrated into buildings and landscapes to be
designed and constructed within University premises;
e. Design for the present and projected utility requirements of the University, ensure the efficient use
of such facilities, and move towards the realization of more sustainable sources of energy;
f. Assist the different constituent universities in planning for housing facilities for faculty, staff, and
students, working towards the reasonable satisfaction of such housing requirements;
g. Assist in the formulation of physical plans for the more effective utilization of the Universitys real
estate assets, so as to generate maximum revenue from such land resources. Plans shall however
be balanced with UPs ecological and environmental concerns, and shall keep in focus the
Universitys main thrusts of teaching, research, and extension services; and
h. Have oversight functions over the OCA of the different CUs and manage and approve the plans
and designs of all University projects.

Creation of the UP SYSTEM DESIGN AND PLANNING COMMITTEE (UPS-DPC)

In order to institute campus participation and enhance decision-making in the planning and design
process, a UP System Design and Planning Committee shall be established under the OVPD-ODPI.
This Committee will be chaired by the Director of the Office of Design and Planning Initiatives with the
members composed of all the campus architects of the various campuses. The Committee shall
convene at least every quarter annually and discuss issues relating to the campus master plans and the
design of all campus buildings, facilities and utilities. The Committee shall have the following major
functions:
a. Review and propose improvements in the policies governing planning and design of land and real
estate assets of the University.
b. Discuss and seek recommendations for approval of respective campus land-use plans, master
development plans, building and facilities plans and utilities plans of the respective campuses.
c. Study and propose for the more effective utilization of campuss real estate assets for teaching,
research, and extension services, as well as, for the generation of maximum revenue from such
land resources.
d. Study and propose for the implementation of additional housing facilities for faculty, staff, and
students.
e. Study and recommend the conduct of traffic impact assessment (TIA) of development projects in
the campuses of the university so as to minimize the traffic impacts of those projects.
f. Study and propose for the present and projected transportation and utility requirements of the
respective campuses moving towards more efficient transportation and sustainable energy use.
g. Study and propose for the better management of the respective campuss properties.

2.2 UPMP AND UPCMP APPROVAL BY THE UP BOR

The following is Table 1, cataloguing the UP Master Plan and its related documents as approved by the
UP Board of Regents:

Table 1. UPMP and UPCMP BOR Resolution Numbers

TYPE OF PLAN BOR
RESOLUTION NO.
DATE

General
1 UP Development Principles and Planning Guidelines September 30,
2013

Campus Sites
2 UP Diliman Campus Master Plan October 30,
2013
2a Bolinao, Pangasinan Master Plan October 30,
2013
3 UP Los Baos Campus Master Plan November 30,

2013
4 UP Manila Campus Master Plan October 30,
2013
5 UP Cebu Lahug Campus Master Plan September 30,
2013
6 UP Cebu SRP Campus Master Plan September 30,
2013
7 UP Visayas Iloilo Campus Master Plan September 30,
2013
8 UP Visayas Miag-ao Campus Master Plan September 30,
2013
9 UP Mindanao Campus Master Plan November 30,
2013
10 UP Baguio Campus Master Plan November 30,
2013
11 UP Open University Campus Master Plan October 30,
2013
12 UP Pampanga Campus Master Plan October 30,
2013
13 UP Leyte Campus Master Plan November 30,
2013

UP System Properties
14 Pandacan Master Plan December 30,
2013
15 Cupang Master Plan N.A.
16 Forbes Park Master Plan December 30,
2013

Research Areas
17 Bay - Los Baos Laguna Master Plan December 30,
2013
18 Makiling Forest (Laguna-Batangas) Master Plan December 30,
2013

Under Stewardship
19 UP Los Banos Laguna Land Grant Master Plan November 30,
2013
20 UP Laguna-Quezon Land Grant Master Plan November 30,
2013
21 UP Cebu Talisay Master Plan September 30,
2013
22 UP Mindanao Marilog Master Plan November 30,
2013

2.3 IMPLEMENTATION

The development of the UP properties assigned to the respective constituent universities is controlled
through the UP Development Principles and Design Guidelines, the Campus Master Plan and its related
contents, the covenants, rules and regulations, conditions, and restrictions relating to land development,
building construction, including the Philippine codes on environmental protection, structural, electrical,
fire, mechanical, water supply, plumbing, and sanitation.

The Chancellor shall be the executive officer of his designated area. It is the duty of the Chancellor to
strictly implement the development of his/her assigned properties according to the UPMP, the respective
UPCMPs, and their related contents, through the Office of the Campus Architect. Each constituent
university shall institute the Office of the Campus Architect, wherein the Campus Architect shall be
appointed by the BOR upon review of credentials and recommendation by the OVPD (See Annex--- for

qualifications.). The OCA is responsible for having all planning and design projects reviewed and
approved by ODPI for implementation.

The Campus Architect of each constituent University shall be solely responsible for detailed planning,
architecture and engineering design and implementation of all land development, building construction,
rehabilitation and building interior works within the respective areas. He/she shall see to it that all site
and building construction activities shall be implemented following the covenants of the CLUP and
CMDP, and are in accordance with all Philippine laws, codes and regulations. All construction activities
will require a university-issued U.P. Permit To Construct (UP PTC) to be issued, approved and signed by
the Campus Architect.

No site and/or building construction activity shall be allowed within University premises without a
University-issued Permit To Construct (UP PTC). No utility company shall service any building or
structure within University premises without a university-issued U.P. Permit to Occupy (UP PTO). All
existing buildings shall be required to apply for a University-issued UP PTO upon safety inspection and
certification by the OCA.

2.4 AMENDMENTS

If conflicts are discovered in the course of using this document, they shall be brought to the attention of
the Office of Design and Planning Initiatives.

Any intent to change or propose amendments to the UPMP, CLUP, CMDP and other related and official
documents shall not be permitted unless explicitly allowed and approved by the BOR.

All changes in the UPMP and related documents shall be recorded with the following format:

Section Amendment No. Date Description

Changes shall be indicated before each section and registered in the Master List of Amendments (See
Appendix ---).

3.0 OBJECTIVES OF THE MASTER PLAN

3.1 GENERAL

To formulate a UP Campus Master Plan (UPCMP) for the University of the Philippines that will serve as
the framework for all developments in the constituent universities and its campuses. The main objective
of the UPCMP is to stimulate, govern and control development, designate land-use zones and indicate
road and pedestrian networks so as to guide the development and ensure the creation of the University
of the Philippines which is socially responsible, functional, innovative and visionary as embodied in the
vision statement of the University of the Philippines Strategic Plan (2011-2017) Padayon UP! Onward
UP! On the Path to Greatness in the 21
st
Century.

3.2 SPECIFIC

a. To establish a framework for the physical growth and change that can be anticipated for the next 10
years and to serve as the basis for re-planning and development beyond the planning period.
b. To translate the preferred spatial strategy into future land use patterns that will guide land allocation
for various academic activities and support facilities consistent with the mandate, vision, and
development goals of UP.
c. To formulate the Campus Master Development Plans for all developable UP properties in line with
BOR-approved Campus Land Use Plans.
d. To ensure that the university will maintain low-carbon campuses with environmentally sustainable
transportation systems with efficient levels of services, anchored on ensuring inclusive mobility and
the promotion of non-motorized transport in the various campuses.

e. To formulate building design and landscape policies and guidelines that address energy,
environment, and e-concerns of the University.


VOLUME I UP DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES AND DESIGN GUIDELINES

1.0 MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

1.1 INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Exercise the Universitys right to determine the nature and direction of the development of its lands in
order to effectively respond to and accommodate the academic needs of its constituents. Greater
autonomy with increased accountability allows the University to improve institutional quality and strategic
management capacity.

1.2 INTEGRATED CAMPUS PLANNING

Translate the preferred spatial strategy into future land use patterns that will guide land allocation for
various academic activities and support facilities consistent with the mandate, vision, and development
goals of UP.

1.3 CONTEXTUALISM AND URBAN INTEGRATION

Consider the unique setting of each site, and ensure that designs respond successfully to its
surroundings. Create plans site, architectural, engineering and landscape which respect the
topography and environment, and which blend well with the natural physical and existing built-up
features of the site. Enhance the existing links of the university site to its neighboring properties, and
provide a continuous linkage inside.

1.4 ONE UNIVERSITY CONCEPT

Set a common architectural character for sites and buildings while factoring in exceptional contexts of
each constituent unit. Formulate standards, harmonized systems, and shared services across
constituent units with decentralized execution.

1.5 GREEN UP: ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE AND RISK-SENSITIVE DESIGN

Promote environmentally sustainable and green architecture design, aimed at reducing the negative
impacts of the construction of buildings on the natural environment and at promoting the comfort, safety
and well-being of its users.

1.6 HIERARCHY OF DISCOURSE AREAS

Create venues for speech and discourse of various settings and sizes within buildings and sites in the
campus premises which will encourage discussions and debates and enhance the creation of new
ideas, principles and knowledge among students, faculty and staff. Create venues for university-wide
interaction.

1.7 BARRIER-FREE DESIGN

Uphold the Universitys tradition of academic freedom through openness and collaboration by employing
barrier-free designs in the physical environment with minimal enclosures within the campuses. All
academic and academic-support clusters should be open and linked to each other. Locate fences, which
should be see-through, only at campus boundaries.

1.8 PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE FRIENDLY COMMUNITY

Encourage walking and biking as a pleasurable means of transportation by providing the safety devices
and infrastructure for these environmentally friendly activities, such as bicycle paths and bicycle parking,
and pedestrian walkways, foot paths and sidewalks. This is consistent with the promotion of low carbon
campuses through the adoption of environmentally sustainable and non-motorized transportation
systems.



1.9 E-UP: USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Apply globally competitive, new and appropriate technologies in the modernization of academic
programs, administrative operations, and in the development of transport, communications, utilities, and
support systems.

1.10 OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY

Formulate policies and programs that mandate or provide incentives to constituent units that implement
energy efficiency programs in their utility operations, thereby reducing total energy expenditures and
improving energy efficiency awareness system-wide. Incorporate innovative energy efficiency
technologies in the overall building and utilities design and planning to achieve improvements in utility
generation, transmission, and distribution.

1.11 PROTECTION AND ENHANCEMENT OF WILDLIFE

Overlay protected zones in the existing land use plans of the constituents units and other land assets
and superimpose additional regulations specifically targeted to protect important physical characteristics
and to design the constituent units land assets for wildlife habitat protection and for the healthy co-
existence of people and wildlife.

1.12 PROMOTION OF URBAN AGRICULTURE

Contribute to food security and food safety, through bio-intensive and energy-saving food production
methods in non-productive land areas, by increasing the amount of food available, such as fresh
vegetables, fruits and meat products, to campus constituents and other people living in the vicinity.

1.13 CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION

Preserve the Universitys tangible culture such as buildings and works of art, and natural heritage such
as landscapes and biodiversity.

1.14 TOURISM PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT

Formulate a tourism program for the UP campuses: identify potential tourism spots among UP
properties; develop these areas as prime tourist destinations and organize annual tourism events with
the constituent units respective communities.

1.15 CAMPUS ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Explore the entrepreneurial opportunities and activities that exist in the constituent units. This includes
establishment of academic-related companies on campus, educational offerings in the entrepreneurial
space, University structures and institutions that support entrepreneurship, and markets created on or
inspired by universities and campus constituents who also are entrepreneurs.

1.16 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Be sensitive to the basic needs of the country, and in particular, the basic needs of the communities
surrounding the campuses. Development in the University shall adhere to the principles of Gender and
Development as well as Inclusive Growth or a sustained growth that creates jobs, draws the majority into
the economic and social mainstream and continuously reduces mass poverty.

1.17 SYMBIOTIC EXISTENCE

Accommodate University-accredited residents who will service the University and its constituents in
various capacities for a limited time period according to existing laws and regulations.

1.18 CONSULTATIVE PLANNING


The MDP shall be based on an overall shared planning vision and development framework, to be
developed with key stakeholders through a process of meetings and consultations focused on solutions.
Social preparation and addressing moral hazards are vital in consultative planning.

1.19 PRIDE OF PLACE

There must be a high esteem for the University which will lead to the conscientious usage and care for
campus spaces. As the national state university, UP must be accorded with the respect it deserves,
especially by the community it nurtures. The concept of pride of place aims to emphasize these facts, as
well as encourage the community to build up on each other and to care for communal spaces.
Distinctive ornamentation should be embodied by campus buildings and spaces to instill a love for the
campus and to enhance memories associated with campus life.
Also, personalization and decoration will be allowed during celebrations and commemorations of events
and festivities. These should be done in a manner which is tasteful and respectful of the open spaces
and the built environment, and must not in any way damage their integrity.

2.0 PLANNING AND URBAN DESIGN GUIDELINES

2.1 GENERAL

The Planning and Urban Design Guidelines shall serve as a model for all Constituent Units of the
University. Elements from the subsequent sections shall be incorporated in each Unit, with the campus
layout and character patterned after these general policies.

2.2 ALLOWABLE LAND USES

Land use shall refer to the manner of utilization of campus land, including its allocation, development,
and management. Land use classification shall refer to the act of delineating or allocating lands
according to academic land use, protection land use, open space and amenity land use, settlements
development, and infrastructure development. It divides the jurisdiction of campus land into different
zones and complexes showing the type of occupancy, building characteristics and population density.
The allowable land uses for UP land shall compose of the following:

a. Campus Core

The historic and unifying center of the campus with appropriately maintained pioneer buildings,
heritage trees, and other campus elements that shall become the inspiration for all future
developments on-campus.

b. Academic/ Academic-Support Units

Units and zones where the faculty, students and staff shall engage in the basic academic activities
of instruction, research and public service, alongside the facilitation of administrative activities, and
which shall collectively lead to academic excellence.

The Academic/Academic-Support Land Use may be further classified as:

! ACAD-1 Zone composed of academic clusters based on the site groupings of related
academic programs and fields of specialization. This is where teaching and research activities
are situated, normally in choice positions around the Campus Core.

! ACAD-2 Zone composed of academic-support spaces where research and student services
are performed. It is recommended that the buildings in this zone are inter-collegiate managed
in order to enhance the networking functions of related colleges. Activities in this zone shall
include research and professional services for outside/non-University entities, especially
national and local government offices, the procedures and products of which are intended to
contribute to or strengthen the University database. Academic support buildings include:
! University Theater and Performance Centers

! University Cinema
! University Museum and Art Gallery
! University Library
! University Press and Bookstore
! University Student Union and Study Centers
! University Extension Buildings

c. Science and Technology Park

Mixed-use zones that shall drive the knowledge economy, where UP as the academic institution
links with business/industry for the generation of basic materials and technological innovations.

d. Resource Generation Zone

Mixed-use zones allowing for the development and generation of resources, both income and
knowledge-based, the benefits of which shall redound to the students, faculty and staff.
! Endorse art and technology incubators which encourage faculty, staff and students to develop
their ideas and research into social and commercial ventures that are beneficial to the
community.

e. Residential/Mixed-Use Zone

Areas on-campus designated for residential and related activity needs of faculty, staff, students and
other constituents. With the privilege of residing on-campus, faculty and staff shall comply with the
new and more relevant University rules on housing.

! Offer a variety of housing options, and recommend flexible programs which meet the needs of
the student, faculty, and staff populations. Allow rooms in awarded housing to be further
rented out to university-accredited parties. This method shall cover the surplus in the overall
housing requests in the campus.

The residential/mixed-use areas shall be zoned as follows:

! RES-1 Residential areas for faculty and staff composed of single-detached, duplex and
townhouse type designs. Land/buildings and land only may be leased out at market rates to
accredited lessees according to a predetermined time frame. Two other land-use activities will
be allowed in R-1 zones:
! Rooms can be rented out to students according to University-approved guidelines, for
which the area will also be treated as a faculty-student village.
! Faculty and staff lessees will be allowed to establish entrepreneurial activities within the
leased premises under the Creative Arts Business Incubator Zone, according to the rules
and regulations of the University. This is to make the most of the educated employee
base, with a flexible work force and students as part-time employees. Examples of
creative arts businesses include:
- Indoor Art Gallery for Faculty and Student Works
- Outdoor (Public) Art Plaza
- T-shirt and Poster Printing Shop
- Software Development
- Food Technology Incubator Restaurant
- Herbal Medicine Center
- Acupuncture and Alternative Medicine
- Model Making for Architectural Presentation
- Design and Drafting Services
- Green Contraptions Development for the House (Mechanical & Electrical
Engineering)
- Music Making and Performance Incubators
- Health, Recreation, and Fitness Centers
- and others, as approved by the BOR

! To preserve the residential/mixed-use character of this zone inside University premises,
the following uses are NOT PERMITTED:
- Massage Parlors
- Funeral Parlors and Crematorium
- Liquor Shops and selling of liquor in restaurants
- Firearms stores
- Pollutive industrial activities (noise, dust, bad smell)
- Poultry, Piggery and commercial raising of animals
- and others

! RES-2 Residential areas for faculty and students composed of medium rise walk-up housing
and dormitories located in clusters. This zone shall allow the conversion of the ground floor of
such mid-rise buildings to house services for the occupants, such as: laundry shops, sari-sari
stores, boutiques, beauty and barber shops, coffee and food shops, internet cafes and tailor
shops according to the rules and regulations of the University. It shall also allow the building of
a central clubhouse which shall house the rest and recreational spaces needed for the use of
the faculty and students.
! RES-3 Residential areas for university-accredited residents who service the University and
its constituents in various capacities. A system of accreditation shall be formulated to regulate
bona fide informal settlements as follows (See also Section 2.7 Special Considerations on
Informal Settlers):
! Length and attribute of stay
! Types and quality of offered service to the University and its constituents
! Quality of dwelling
! Willingness to sign a lease-contract with the University involving amount and time of
lease
! No criminal record, etc.

f. Community Services Zone

Zones designated for the siting of community facilities that shall communally serve the University
community, including the immediate families of faculty, students and staff.

! Locate community service buildings in prominent and easily accessible sites distributed within
the campus.

Community services shall be divided into two general land use zones as follows:

! COMM-1 Community services which directly deal with the constituents of the university and
includes the following facilities:
! University Shopping Center and/or Mall
! University Hotel and Convention Center
! University Health Service and Wellness Centers
! University Geriatric Center
! University Spiritual Centers
! University Post Office

! COMM-2 Community services which deal with securing and maintaining the facilities of the
university and includes the following facilities:
! University Police and Fire Stations
! Logistics Center/ Campus Logistics and Maintenance Offices
! Warehouses, Storage, Repair Garages, Work Shops

g. Historical and Tourism Districts

Sections of the campus with historically and/or architecturally significant buildings or structures
which are preserved and/or developed, based on University-approved parameters and existing
laws, for their heritage and tourism potential.


h. Programmed Open Spaces

Large tracts of campus green spaces, integrated with softscape and hardscape in a designed
exterior environment, which allows for a variety of human activities, both passive and active.

The range of activities shall include:
! Active sports activities (soccer and baseball field, running track, marching grounds)
! Discourse areas (amphitheater, plazas, outdoor music arenas, demonstration corner)
! Passive open areas (parks and playgrounds, meditation gardens, outdoor study areas)
! Animal grazing area for sports and recreation (Horse grazing and stud farm, bridle path)
! Transportation network (roads and parking, pedestrian paths and bikeways)

i. Protected Natural Open Spaces

Designated zones of natural or man-made forests, waterways, wetlands and geo-hazard areas
which shall remain untouched and protected, in accordance with law and University rules and
regulations. In relation to the needs of the faculty, students and staff, it shall be used mainly as an
Urban Wildlife Habitat (UWH) for academic purposes with minimum or no negative human
intervention.

Four important components shall be present and or created in the UWH as follows:
! Shelter for wildlife trees for birds, tall grass for insects, clump of trees beside a waterway for
endemic trees
! Bodies of water unpolluted water needed for drinking
! Food small berries from specific trees, fish in waterways, insects in tall grass, snakes and
other small animals under the bird chain
! Place to rear the young shelter from the elements for young endemic trees, undisturbed
habitat for birds, insects and other small animals

j. Agricultural Zones

Expanses of urban land and wetlands that are preserved and protected for agricultural production
and educational purposes.

Agricultural zones may be further classified as:
! AGRI-1 Agricultural zone for low land-use intensity where mechanization is limited. Local
plant varieties are propagated without the use of fertilizers and pesticides. Yields depend
primarily on the fertility of soils and environmental conditions.
! AGRI-2 Agricultural zone for medium and high land-use intensities where mechanization is
needed. Improved plant varieties are used with application of fertilizers and pesticides.
! AGRI-3 Pasture land where quality of management of the land can be assessed by the
carrying capacity of the area and the actual number of animals grazing the area

Note:

1. Additional land-uses that will be supportive and consistent with this document shall be allowed
in the Campus Land-Use Plans (CLUP) as reviewed by the ODPI and approved by the BOR.



Table 2. Color Coding for Campus Land Use Plans

LAND USE
STANDARD
COLOR
AutoCAD COLOR INDEX
[RGB Equivalent]
a. Campus Core green color 3 (green)
[0,255,0]

b. Academic/Academic Support
ACAD-1 sky blue color 141
[127,223,255]

ACAD-2 light blue color 4 (cyan)
[0,255,255]

c. Science and Technology Park purple color 163
[102,127,204]

d. Resource Generation Zone red color 242
[204,0,51]

e. Residential/Mixed-use Zone
R-1 light yellow color 51
[255,255,127]

R-2 yellow color 2
[255,255,0]

R-3 dark yellow color 52
[204,204,0]

f. Community Services
COMM-1 light gray color 253
[173,173,173]

COMM-2 dark gray color 252
[132,132,132]

g. Historical and Tourism District orange color 30
[255,127,0]

h. Programmed Open Spaces mid-green color 62
[153,204,0]

i. Protected Natural Open Spaces dark green color 74
[76,153,0]

j. Agricultural Zones
AGRI-1 light brown color 43
[204,178,102]

AGRI-2 medium brown color 56
[127,127,0]

AGRI-3 dark brown color 59
[76,76,38]

Note:

1. Additional colors for new land uses shall be provided by the ODPI in consultation with the
campuses.


2.3 PLANNING GUIDELINES AND CONTROLS/ DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA

a. General Principles

Planning and development in the Campus shall conform to the following criteria, as detailed in each
constituent Universitys Campus Master Development Plans:

b. Development Density

The permitted development density for each campus shall depend on the area needs of each
constituent unit, the availability of developable space, the capacity of the natural and human
environments to absorb the proposed developments and its consistency with the plans of the
national and local governing bodies.

In general, the academic zone shall follow a pyramidal skyscape where the academic population is
concentrated in the surrounding area around the central core and tapers down towards the zones in
the outlying rings. However, Resource Generation Zones, Science and Technology Parks and
Residential RES-2 Zones can have a Floor Area Ratio of from 2 to 4 depending upon the need for
academic entrepreneurial spaces.

Aside from Land-Use as described in Section 2.2, Development Density is further defined by the
following development controls:

! Parcel and Parcel Line A parcel is the size of land or a lot assigned to a college or an
academic unit. Parcel lines are the lines that define the boundaries of a parcel.

! Floor Area Ratio (FAR) is the ratio between the Gross Floor Area (GFA) of a building and the
area of the parcel in which it stands, determined by dividing the gross floor area of the building and
the area of the parcel. The controlling rule is that the gross floor area of any building shall not
exceed the prescribed floor area ratio (FAR) multiplied by the parcel area in any given zone.

! Carrying Capacity refers to the capacity of natural and human environments to
accommodate and absorb change without experiencing conditions of instability and attendant
degradation. This is used as a planning tool to assess the impact of plans, policies and regulations
upon built and natural resources.

c. Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) is the ratio of the building footprint over the area of the
parcel. Generally academic environments shall be designed with more exterior areas for discourse
and for passive as well as active recreation. As a rule a PSO of from 30% to 50% is acceptable.


d. Gross Floor Area (GFA) is the total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent external
building walls, such as office areas, residential areas, corridors, lobbies and mezzanine levels. The
GFA shall also include building projections which may serve as floors or platforms that are directly
connected to or integrated with areas within the building. GFA excludes the following: a) covered
areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities; b) vertical penetrations in parking
floors where no residential or office units are present; c) uncovered areas for helipads, air-
conditioning cooling towers or ACCU balconies, overhead water tanks, roof decks, laundry areas
and cages, swimming pools, whirlpools or Jacuzzis, terraces, gardens, courts or plazas, balconies
exceeding 10 square meters, fire escape structures and the like.

e. Building Line is the line formed by the intersection of the outer surface of the enclosing wall of
the building and the surface of the ground.

! The building line of any structure must comply with easement/setback requirements of the
College/Unit Parcel Plan.

f. Building Setbacks - is the open space left between the building and parcel lines as defined in the
College/Unit Parcel Plan. As a rule, the setbacks shall follow the existing building setback lines
while the minimum distance between buildings shall be reckoned from the distance of the exterior
building walls set at a minimum of 4 meters apart.

g. Building Height The vertical distance from the established grade elevation to the highest point of
the coping of a flat roof, to the average height of the highest gable of a pitch or hip roof, or to the
top of the parapet if the roof is provided with a parapet. In case of sloping ground, the average
ground level of the buildable area shall be considered the established grade elevation.

h. Easements is the open space required for the protection of buildings and human-activity areas
from natural hazard zones and/or the open space needed for the accommodation of utility pipes
such as electrical, drainage, sewer and water lines. Easements beside waterways shall be set 5
meters away from the 100-year floodplain level and ____ meters away from minor earthquake
faults. For rugged terrain or cliffs, a 45 degree vertical angle is drawn from the bottom of the cliff
towards the ridge and the resulting horizontal distance is the no-build zone. Buildings that are
designed in the vicinity of these natural hazards are subject to the final approval by a civil, structural
and a geotechnical engineer.

2.4 URBAN DESIGN CHARACTER PER LAND USE

A standard campus layout shall be adopted by all constituent units in order to preserve the Universitys
character as a learning environment, with clustered institutional and support buildings and generous
green spaces strategically arranged in a park-like setting. There shall be a set planning hierarchy, with
more formal and grand plans for the central and communal academic buildings and spaces, and less
formal and less grand for smaller private units.

In order to create and maintain a desired and relevant built and natural fabric without stifling architectural
creativity, each campus shall be divided into zones of architectural and landscape architectural
character. The appropriate architectural style, materials, massing, scale and setting shall be observed in
each character zone in order to create a cohesive architectural environment.

The components of this layout, with the prescribed zones of architectural and landscape architectural
character, shall be the following:

a. Campus Core Zone

The Campus Core shall be the nucleus of the campus plan, around and from which all structures
and roads shall proliferate. It shall be recognized as the main identity of the campus via the
installation of stately buildings, figures and spaces, arranged formally in a grand manner. The
campus core shall be composed of the following urban design components:

University Central Park

A predominantly green zone of interwoven forest and open areas that shall function as the main
activity area for cultural and musical performances, show exhibits, campus-wide fairs, and other
special events.
The original terrain of the Central Park, including its existing trees and bodies of water, shall
be preserved and protected, unless deemed dangerous or threatening to the security of the
University. Any improvements shall be minimal and the greater area shall remain open and
unbuilt to maintain the natural state of the Park.
New trees introduced to the Central Park shall be of the endemic and/or indigenous type. (See
Section 5.0 Landscape Design Principles and Guidelines)
Only the following structures shall be allowed inside the Central Park:
! Main Administration Building;
! Main Library Building;
! Carillon Tower and/or Campus icon;
! Approved public art or sculptures, such as the Oblation Statue;
! Horizontal assemblies, such as platforms or stages for regular campus events and
performances; and
! Temporary structures, such as booths and similar assemblages for student-related
programs or activities.

Loop Road (Main Academic Loop)
The loop road is a tree-lined physical boundary of the Central Park, around which the principal
buildings of the campus shall be built. The Philippine national tree, Narra (Pterocarpus
Indicus), shall define both sides of the road, planted in line with each other and preferably
spaced 15-20 meters apart.

Principal Campus Buildings
The Main Administration Building with the Oblation, the Main Library Building, and the Carillon
Tower or campus icon shall be the only principal structures allowed inside the University
Central Park. The first two buildings mentioned shall always be located on opposite ends of
the Park or the Campus Core.
Buildings to house some of the major colleges and institutes of the campus shall be built
around the Loop Road in a linear and organized manner conforming to the formal road
network in this area. The main entrance of these buildings shall be oriented towards the
University Central Park.
Significant academic support buildings such as the campus museum, student organization
building and places of assembly may also be constructed around the Loop Road.
Buildings in the Campus Core shall be designed, clustered and organized such that the
hierarchy and connectedness of both interior and exterior spaces are carefully considered.
Campus Core - Architectural Character

Essentially the architectural heritage center of the campus, principal buildings in and immediately
around the Core shall be iconic and adopt the classic style, making use of timeless and simple but
memorable lines. The integrity of the style and materials shall be maintained by adhering to a one-
look architectural character.

! Five principles of visual aesthetics shall be manifested in the planning and design of the site
and buildings in the Campus Core:
! Formal Balance
! Monumental Scale
! Good Proportion
! Rhythm
! Institutional Character

Future developments in the Campus Core, whether by in-fill, redevelopment, or new construction,
shall strictly adhere to the architectural character of the area.

Campus Core - Landscape Architectural Character
The Campus Core is the heart of the campus and shall be characterized by a relative formality and
symmetry of building elements. The materials used in this zone shall reflect its place of prominence
in the campus with the use of high quality paving, finishes, benches, lighting, and other site
furnishings. Landscape treatment in this zone shall involve a manicured and refined management
of plant materials in order to reflect the strong architecture and site lines. A pedestrian-friendly
Campus Core shall be prioritized.

The following guidelines shall be followed:
A formal tree layout along the Campus Core streetscapes shall be implemented to reinforce
the linear and axial form and layout of the zones pedestrian and vehicular corridors.
A landscaped buffer zone along the perimeter of the Campus Core shall be established.
Accent paving materials may be used for the sidewalks, to be approved by the Campus
Architect.
Main intersections, pedestrian entry areas, and points of interest shall be highlighted by using
an increased scale of planting.
Vertical sculptural and hardscape elements shall be placed along pathways that run parallel to
the Campus Core streetscape.
A diverse and varied layout of plant materials, paving materials, and landforms shall be
developed to establish an attractive year-round pedestrian experience.

b. Academic and Academic-Support Zone

Buildings and roads outside the Campus Core shall radiate from the center in a semi-concentric
pattern. The area surrounding the core shall be used for both academic and non-academic
purposes. Aside from other institutions, outlying rings may contain academic support facilities,
amenities for athletics and recreation, commercial spaces, student and faculty housing, places of
worship, and others, as long as the structures are in compliance with University guidelines.

The next layer of buildings and roads may be laid out in more organic clusters, stretching to the
outer peripheries by following the natural contour of the site or ordered by considerations of view.

Identify locations for the expansion of research and extension facilities which will serve as the
new centers of growth and development of the campuses in the near future.

Academic and Academic-Support Zone - Architectural Character
For the peripheral academic and academic support areas, the architectural style, size, and shape of
the buildings shall be more flexible, in order to make the iconic buildings stand out and to establish
a visual hierarchy. A higher floor-to-lot area ratio shall be allowed as well. However, institutional
character shall still be prioritized and buildings belonging to the same academic cluster shall remain
well-related and conversant with one another. Visual and physical relatedness is required.

c. Auxiliary Zones (Community Services/ S&T Parks/ Resource Generation Zones)


Auxiliary Zones - Architectural Character
Community service zones and other auxiliary research and development areas in the perimeter
region of the campus may adopt more modern and function-appropriate architectural styles, sizes
and shapes, subject to approval by the Office of Design and Planning Initiatives. However,
developments shall allocate adequate tree buffer zones and open spaces without encroachment of
building and compliant with the requirements detailed in Section 5.0 Landscape Design Guidelines.

d. Residential Mixed-Use Zones

Residential Mixed-Use Zones - Architectural Character
Architectural styles for residential areas may vary but shall remain cohesive with existing and
surrounding buildings in the vicinity or complex.

Plan for a university town, wherein the community shall have access to a unique environment
with affordable housing options, dining establishments, cultural/entertainment/performance
venues, sports and recreation facilities, selected retail shops and amenities, mobility via
efficient transit, and jobs.

e. Programmed Open Spaces

Programmed Open Space - Landscape Architectural Character
These areas are intended for programmed uses such as athletic competition, public interaction, and
organized recreation. These exterior spaces include athletic fields, plazas, courtyards and
quadrangles.

Programmed Open spaces shall allow for a variety of passive and especially active recreational
opportunities and shall accommodate different intensities of use. Each individual area shall have a
distinctive character but generally maintain uniformity by way of cohesive materials, finishes, and
site furnishings. These areas shall be designed as a visual supplement and complement to the
campus fabric, its nearby communities and the university as a whole.

Locate sports facilities in several areas in the campus to foster an environment of healthy-
living. When possible sports facilities within parcels are encouraged.

f. Protected Natural Open Spaces
These are non-build zones designated as protected forests, wildlife habitat and open areas
dedicated to trees and landscaping and shall be free of any construction, permanent or otherwise.

As much as possible, natural landforms should be maintained. Areas proclaimed unbuildable by the
National Building Code or any geological or engineering expert should remain unbuilt. When
building on sloped land, the natural landform should be followed as much as possible.

Land cut-and-fill operations shall be minimized to preserve the integrity of the natural terrain,
however they may be permitted once certified as safe by any geological and/or engineering expert
and approved by the Office of Design and Planning Initiatives. (See Section 10.0 Construction
Guidelines)

Protected Natural Open Spaces - Landscape Architectural Character
Forested areas, creeks, lagoons, grasslands, and other similar natural open spaces play an
important role in the campus setting, serving as breathing spaces and habitats for wildlife. Due to
the visual prominence and environmental sensitivity of these natural open areas, they shall be
preserved and remain undeveloped. Layout and massing of adjacent buildings shall not obstruct
but rather frame the open spaces.

2.5 URBAN DESIGN FEATURES

a. Campus Gateways


These are points of access to the University that shall serve as portals to the campus grounds.
These shall provide a glimpse of the campus as a distinctive institutional environment that balances
academic excellence with ecological awareness and social involvement.

Main Gateway
The main gateway to the campus shall be established from the identified major road adjacent
or nearest to the site and shall be composed of the following:
! University Entrance Monument Sign a prominent and permanent marker that shall be
uniform for all campuses, containing the Universitys brand name and logo (See Section
10.0 Wayfinding Guidelines);
! University Avenue a ceremonial highway that shall serve as the official gateway to the
campus, bordered on both sides by an expanse of open non-build area (See Section 9.0
Circulation Guidelines); and
! Main Guardhouse and Campus Information Center a structure that shall function as the
information hub regarding campus sites, maps, campus tourism spots and others. (See
Section 10.0 Wayfinding Guidelines)
The main entrance shall terminate at the Oblation Statue with the Campus Core as the
backdrop.
No other structures and contraptions, such as advertisement tarpaulins, fences, and the like,
shall clutter the main entrance way. Approved notice boards shall be supported by poles and
erected only on a pre-designated area of the Avenue.
A LED advertisement board shall be allowed in an unobtrusive but conspicuous location at the
entrance of the campuses to announce important academic functions and events.

Minor Gateways
Several minor gateways shall be strategically located both for vehicular and pedestrian access
into the campus. The number of gateways shall depend on the easy access of vehicles and
pedestrians to and from the university campus grounds.
Minor entrances shall be provided with security outposts, automatic turnstiles and CCTV
cameras to enhance security within the campus.

Campus Gateways - Landscape Architectural Character
Campus Gateways shall be developed to be important symbols of the campuses and shall convey
a sense of arrival and departure. Gateways shall create pleasant transitions of ingress and egress.

A hierarchical system of gateways shall be developed, highlighted with ornamental landscaping and
hardscape elements that reflect the architectural character of the campus. Strategic placement of
ceremonial landmarks and monuments shall also create a memorable and identifiable image of the
campus.

Gateways and gateway signage shall be clearly visible from surrounding streets and shall be
enhanced with appropriate electric lighting treatment.

Major Gateways
As symbolic front gates to the campus, Major Gateways shall be enhanced to create an effective
sense of entry and arrival by using appropriate landscape and architectural features.

Hardscape and softscape elements shall be in scale with and coordinated with adjacent
structures and site components such as lighting, signage, and pedestrian walks.
Landscape elements shall be bold and simple in arrangement, alignment, and massing.
Major gateways shall be distinguished with unique art and architectural features associated
with each specific campus.

Portals
Entry points to the campus that are less significant than major gateways, Portals similarly shall be
reinforced with suitable landscape and architectural features to signify entrance and arrival.

Hardscape and softscape elements shall be in scale and coordinated with adjacent structures
and site components.

Landscape elements shall be simple in arrangement, alignment, and massing.
Material and color templates shall be uniform and consistent for all Portals within a particular
campus.
A consistent vocabulary of entry monuments and uniform material and color templates shall be
established for each campus.

b. Road Network and Movement Systems

Circulation requirements of the campus shall be served by a network of hierarchical roads, bicycle
paths and pedestrian walkways. (See Section 9.0 Circulation Guidelines)

The Road Network, with a hierarchy of campus roads and paths allowing for different modes of
access and circulation, shall include the following:

University Avenue is a wide and scenic thoroughfare, serving as the main ceremonial gateway
to the campus.

Main Academic Loop is the arterial road that traverses the University Avenue and from which
other principal avenues of the campus stem out.

Gridiron Roads are sub-arterial roads in and within the vicinity of the Campus Core that shall be
planned and laid out in a gridiron pattern, serving as the major collector roads for the Main
Academic Loop.

Outlying Roads are roads in the outer peripheries of the property, which may follow the natural
contours of the Site.

Boundary Roads are roads along the boundaries of the property linking the University to
adjacent developments, and which may be wider than in-campus roads.

c. Campus Streetscape
Campus streetscapes shall communicate an image of a quality, well-maintained and pedestrian-
oriented campus landscape. A consistent landscape treatment shall reinforce legibility of both
vehicular and pedestrian corridors.

A single row of regularly spaced trees shall be planted along both sides of internal campus
streets. Spacing shall depend on the expected mature size of trees to be planted, the average
being 5 to 8 meters-on-center. Wider spacing shall be specified for larger species of trees
(more than 15 meters tall) with spreading canopies.
Street trees shall be planted in alternating small groups of different species. 4-6 trees of a
single species is recommended per individual cluster.
Street tree planting shall be based on a hierarchy of street types. The trees shall be regularly
spaced in a consistent alignment to reinforce vehicular and pedestrian circulation routes.
Landscape treatments shall be coordinated with walks, lights, signage, and other site
amenities.

d. Campus Edges

Campus edges shall be clearly defined, as this also contributes to the identity of the University.
These may be characterized by buildings, landscaping, major thoroughfares, surface parking lanes,
fences with gates, or a combination of said elements. Campus edge design shall depend on the
size, location, and history of the campus, and shall be uniform throughout the boundaries of the
whole property. A properly identified edge shall limit outward building sprawl and inward informal
settlements. (See Section 5.2 Landscape Character Zones)

Campus Edges - Landscape Character
Landscape treatment of Campus Edges shall be permeable, neighborly, and welcoming. The
character of edges shall project a distinctive campus image in the surrounding areas while creating

as minimal visual barriers as possible. View corridors, adjacent properties and land uses, and
natural features shall be considered.

Fences along the campus edges are permitted but not recommended. If possible, define campus
edges by trees and softscape elements. Where fences are to be installed, they shall be of the
permeable type. Fences in and around individual zones and buildings within the campus shall be
strictly prohibited.
Site furnishings and finishes shall be uniform throughout the campus edges.

e. Campus Community Services

Community services complexes and buildings and shall be divided into COMM-1 facilities or those
that shall be located in prominent locations, easily accessible by the community and COMM-2
facilities or those that need to be made separate from core locations and hidden from view. (See
Section 2.2 Allowable Land Uses)

COMM-2 Service areas shall be accessible to service workers but shall be concealed visually
from the public.
COMM-2 Complexes which include the University Police and Fire Headquarters, the Campus
Maintenance Office and the Logistic Center shall preferably be located in a unified service
area.

2.6 SUSTAINABLE PLANNING PRINCIPLES

To complement the planning and design of the Universitys academic campuses, ten principles for
livable communities* shall be adapted. The ten principles are as follows:

*Based on The American Institute of Architects (AIA) ten principles for livable communities

a. Buildings on a Human Scale

The campuses lay-out shall be compact, pedestrian-friendly and designed to match the human
scale. This will allow the students to walk to their classrooms from their dormitories, walk to the
library, the canteen, shops and to their places of research and work. Walkable distance is a
function of proximity, the quality of the pedestrian walkway as well as the amenities, the views and
the people who you encounter when walking.

a. Colleges /Units facilities shall be clustered and connected to each other in a parcel.
b. Related Colleges and units shall be proximate and connected to each other in a complex.
c. Student dormitories shall be located at a walkable distance to the academic areas, research
areas, recreational areas and the shopping and eating areas.

b. Community with Choices

The campus plan shall be designed with a variety of building types and a range of transportation
systems for users to be able to choose from. This will allow the servicing of a mix of socio-
economic classes of students which the University is proudly known for. An academic community
with choices creates a lively neighborhood.

! Student accommodations shall be varied in types such as: rooms for rent in student villages
and in faculty and staff housing areas; dormitory rooms of different sizes and occupancies;
hotel-type accommodations for visiting students and faculty.
! Faculty and staff housing shall be varied in type and size such as: single detached units,
duplex units, townhouse-type units, condominium-type units.
! Shopping and food facilities shall be varied in type, such as: food kiosks spread out in
appropriate locations in the campus grounds, canteen inside academic buildings, fast food in
shopping and student centers, fine-dining restaurants in resource generation zones, food
business incubators in housing areas and others.


c. Mixed Use Development

The residential land-uses in the campuses shall be mixed, complementing each other, and
distributed in neighborhood units near the academic zones with a variety of places to live, work,
eat, recreate and shop. The mix of services and amenities creates a vibrant and sustainable
academic community.

! Student dormitories shall be clustered and distributed to service the needs of students in the
vast academic zone.
! Faculty and staff housing shall also be clustered and distributed as in the student dormitories.
! Shopping complexes and places for food and recreation shall be accessible and proximate to
student centers.

d. Existing Urban Centers

The campus plan shall be sensitive to the plan of the adjacent communities surrounding it.
Connecting streets and service infrastructure and relating the campus development to the
citys/municipalitys land uses and its growth shall be mutually beneficial and secure.

! Do a map of the campus lot and its actual boundaries and show the campuss road network
and utility systems in relation to the citys/municipalitys infrastructure network bordering that of
the campus.
! Secure the Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) of the adjacent cities/municipalities
bordering the campus.

e. Transportation Options

The choice to either walk, bike, drive your own car, take the ikot/toki jeepney, or ride the monorail
are choices that will provide different options, including healthy ones, that shall answer the different
transport needs of the academic community. This shall be consistent in ensuring low carbon-
environmentally sustainable transportation, the promotion of pedestrianization, and the provision of
efficient public transportation systems that support inclusive mobility in the campuses through the
development/formulation of responsive transport and traffic management plans at various
campuses.

! Pedestrian walks shall be designed to be walkable and shall be routed to service student
activity areas.
! Bicycle paths shall be designed to be safe and separate from vehicular roads and routed to
service student activity centers.
! Bicycle parking shall be located and designed with facilities to secure and manage the bicycle
transportation system. For example for electric bicycles, a metered electric recharging system
shall be provided at the bicycle parking stations.
! Provide roads that are hierarchical, of the grid-type, continuous and looped.
! Provide tropical parking areas for private cars, motorcycles and jeepneys.
! Provide routes for monorail and/or High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) systems and their
respective stations in population centers suitable for the campuses.
! Formulate seamless traffic circulation plans supported by responsive traffic management and
travel demand management (TDM) schemes.
! Carry out Traffic Impact Assessments (TIA) of proposed development projects with
significance in the campuses.
! Study and implement the imposition of transport user charges/fees (e.g., parking fees, road
user charges), as approved by the BOR, based on the following: beneficiary pay principle
(BPP), willingness-to-pay (WTP) and capacity-to-pay (CTP).

f. Vibrant Public Spaces

The campuses shall provide a variety of vibrant public spaces that shall be used for discourse,
exhibits, music, dance and other art and culture appreciation, student fairs, community participation

and public events. The natural congregation of people is encouraged through proper design of
public spaces and the criteria for design include: shading, thermal comfort, landscaping, the
presence of amenities and aesthetics.

! Provide outdoor public spaces located at the north side of building blocks.
! Provide public spaces with park amenities such as toilets, drinking fountains, outdoor lighting,
discussion tables and benches.
! Provide public spaces with utility services such as electric power, water and drainage outlets.

g. Neighborhood Identity

Creating a neighborhood identity or a sense of place is a function of the blending of both the
physical and the social environments. While the physical involves the natural and the designed
environments, which planners and designers are responsible for projecting, the social part is the
cultural feature of the place which in the campuses involves the academic community and its
values and beliefs. In the university, academic culture is defined as HONOR and EXCELLENCE.

The University campuses have a very strong sense of place because they create pride and hold
special meaning to the U.P. alumni, their families and to the country as a whole.

! Preserve the tangible and intangible resources of the campus, buildings, sites, natural features
and views, with historical and cultural significance.
! Renew, recycle, rehabilitate and do adaptive re-use of buildings and sites (including roads and
parking) whenever possible to memorialize such areas. A cost-benefit study is required to be
done, submitted and approved by the ODPI-OVPD whenever any physical asset is planned for
demolition in any of the campuses.

h. Environmental Resources Protection

The University campus shall be noted for the protection and enhancement of their environmental
resources and their wildlife and it shall be the policy of the University to ensure that all U.P.
campuses shall be designed for the healthy co-existence of people and wildlife. .

! Campus development shall be conscious of the preservation and enhancement of the natural
ecosystems, such as the conservation of topography and topsoil, the protection of wildlife
habitats (grasslands and forests), the management of waterways and others.
! Do an Environmental Resources Protection Map identifying the natural ecosystems in the
campuses for planning and design purposes.

i. Landscapes Conservation

As much as possible, existing and contiguous open spaces that are presently used as farms,
forests and wildlife habitats shall be preserved and prevented from being developed into buildable
land. Hazardous areas such as cliffs, earthquake faults, river flood plains and the like shall be
provided by buffers to be preserved as open space and enhanced as wildlife habitats.

! Do a Landscapes Conservation Map identifying the natural and man-made landscape features
of the campus to be preserved as programmed open spaces, protected natural open spaces
and agricultural open spaces.

j. Design Matters

It shall be the policy of the University that all man-made structures and sites in University premises
shall be done with design excellence for the University adopts the philosophy that Design
excellence is the foundation of successful and healthy communities.

! Provide buildings and sites that are functional.
! Provide buildings and sites that are structurally safe.
! Provide buildings and sites that are pleasing to the eyes.

! Provide building and site that are sustainable.

2.7 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

a. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design

Reinforce security in the campus through environmental design, making use of passive strategies
instead of common practices such as the installation of fences around every block or unit. Isolated
sections of the campus become more prone to crime as barriers tend to decrease visibility thus
making spaces more indefensible. The more successful methods to reinforce security are through
passive environmental design techniques such as:

Design a diverse range of developments, with classrooms, administration offices, research
areas, recreation, and other uses in close visual and physical proximities to each other to
encourage continuous activities all throughout the day.
Building frontages may include spaces that overlook roads (i.e. balconies) to encourage
passive surveillance by building users.
Roads and pathways shall be visible from buildings to promote natural surveillance.
Plant materials shall not interfere with sight lines.
Install adequate nighttime lighting to expose active and passive people-centered areas.

b. Development on Flood Prone Land

Do not build on flood prone sites.

c. Informal Settlements

First, it is the policy of the University that all of the present and future academic and academic
support land requirements of the campuses are met. All University lands have to be covered with a
BOR-approved comprehensive Land-Use Plan where these academic and academic support zones
are defined and protected from illegal occupants. All informal settlements within these zones shall
be relocated to other areas within or outside University premises according to University rules and
regulations, and in coordination with the LGU.

Second, all existing informal settlements shall be treated with sensitivity, compassion and social
justice.

Third, no new informal settlements or new informal settlers shall be allowed to set up house within
University lands upon approval of this document, the U.P. Development Principles and Design
Guidelines, by the BOR.

3.0 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES

3.1 GENERAL

a. All buildings within the University of the Philippines premises must conform to the BOR-approved
UP Development Principles and Design Guidelines detailed in this document, as well as laws,
ordinances, standards and codes, rules and regulations related to land development, and building
construction including the National Building Code, the various planning and safety codes of the
Philippines and any amending or new legislation.

b. The purpose of the UP Development Principles and Design Guidelines is to promote efficiency and
visual consistency among campus architecture, and encourage the creation of an aesthetically
pleasant academic built environment.

3.2 SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN PRINCIPLES


Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This principle shall be applied during the design
stage of buildings and sites. Sustainable development is simply the design of buildings and sites using
sustainable materials and systems which do not deplete the earths natural resources, are renewable,
usually recyclable, easily maintained and long-lasting or those that continue to capably function during
the entire life-cycle of a building.

It is the policy of the University to re-use all built structures within University premises to save on the
Universitys scarce resources, prevent pollution generated to build new ones, avoid unnecessary
accretion of solid waste and preserve the natural environment otherwise used for new sites.

In general, the principles of sustainable design of college/unit buildings and sites are summarized as
follows:

a. Responsible Use of Land and Existing Structures

! Campus colleges/units shall do a master site development plan of their respective parcels and
create spaces for indoor and outdoor uses, open spaces, landscape spaces for lawns and
trees, and spaces for future expansion.
! Create master site development plans having a percentage of site occupancy (PSO) of a
minimum of 30% and a maximum of 50%.
! Avoid sprawling development, conserve land and develop unbuildable land for urban wildlife
habitats.
! As much as possible, existing structures shall be preserved, rehabilitated, retrofitted and/or
adapted to new uses. A cost-benefit study shall be required for all structures planned to be
demolished.
! A Historical and Cultural Significance Study is required for all structures and sites, fifty years
old and above as required by law (Republic Act 10066: An Act Providing for the Protection and
Conservation of the National Cultural Heritage, Strengthening the National Commission for
Culture and the Arts and its Affiliated Cultural Agencies and for Other Purposes) and shall be
approved by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the National
Historical Institute (NHI).
! Adopt smart landscape maintenance systems such as going organic for pest control and
composting.
! Use permeable pavements and design to include sustainable landscape features such as rain
gardens, detention ponds and wetlands.

b. Conservation of the Earths Natural Resources

! Preserve existing trees and natural landscape ecosystems in college/unit parcels.
! Avoid extensive cut and fill.
! Preserve (strip, store, spread) topsoil for re-use after construction.
! Recycle grey water.
! Harvest rain water from buildings and sites.
! Use potable water judiciously.
! Avoid polluting land, water and air.
! Use natural resources judiciously with high levels of durability, renewability, recyclability
and re-use.

c. Optimization of Sun and Wind Energy

! Considering micro and macro climate conditions, orient buildings correctly to optimize the
effect of sun and wind on building interiors.
! Design buildings to minimize heat gain on roofs and walls facing east, west and south.
! Design buildings to optimize natural interior day-lighting from the sun, sky and the ground.
! Take advantage of ground shade and shadows of buildings to locate outdoor activity areas.

! Whenever possible, design buildings with solar photovoltaic systems for alternative selective
energy use in buildings.
! In the implementation of the above solar design strategies and depending on the funds
available for construction, start with the easiest and least expensive strategies as follows:
! Correct building orientation
! Light building roof and wall paint colors on the sunny sides (east, west and south)
! Window placement and size east and west walls with smaller windows, north walls with
big northern windows,
! Shading Horizontal exterior overhands on the south; vertical shading on the east and
west
! Dynamic shading - using plants, green walls and green roofs
! Tinted Glazing
! Day-lighting Light shelves, skylights, clerestories
! Active solar heating for hot water
! Photovoltaic lighting and energy
! Design buildings to effect cross ventilation.

d. Improving Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort

! Orient the house to take advantage of prevailing NE winds (amihan) during the summer
season, November to April, and SW winds (habagat) during the rainy season, May to
October. These breezes will be valuable for cross flow ventilation for screened-in rooms,
interior open lounges, balconies and porches.


! Whenever possible, design the building with passive stack ventilation.
! Use landscaping elements, shrubs and trees to direct wind flow into the building interiors.
! Use natural finishing interior materials and avoid pollutants from toxins, such as asbestos and
formaldehyde and materials that promote toxins, such as mold, mildew, fungus, bacteria and
dust mites.
! Reduce indoor humidity (to 30-60%) to decrease mold growth by: increasing natural cross
ventilation, using exhaust fans for toilet and bathrooms, laboratory dryers, kitchen,
dishwashing, cleaning rooms and other moisture-generating source-areas to vent the air
towards the exterior and using air conditioners and dehumidifiers for air-change.
! Reduce potential for condensation on cold surfaces by adding insulation and avoiding marked
differences in temperature levels between adjacent areas.
! Passively give vent to roof-ceiling voids using ventilation area of L/300 for open ventilation
areas and L/150 for screened-ventilation areas where L = ceiling area.
! When necessary, introduce exhaust fans and/or choose ventilation systems that remove dirt,
dust, moisture, humidity, and pollutants.

e. Creation of High Performance Building Envelopes

! Create a building envelope with more durable and energy-efficient materials that:
! shelters the interiors from rain;
! shades the building from the intense sun;
! balances indoor and outdoor room temperatures;
! controls moisture;
! seals the building from air leaks and save on cooling costs;
! permits cross flow ventilation;
! allows the interiors to be day-lit;
! protects the interiors from external hazards; and,
! ensures a long-lasting finish.

3.3 BASIC BUILDING DESIGN PRINCIPLES

a. Code Compliance

The National Building Code (PD 1096), the Fire Code (PD 1185), the Disability Act (BP 344) and
other codes regarding the physical built environment should be followed for all projects that are built
within the campus. Strict compliance should be observed.

b. Culture Sensitivity

Each UP campus has its own culture, and so the designed physical environment shall embody said
culture. The campuss history, traditions, symbols, and local setting shall be considered in the

designs, as well as the social aspects of the people inhabiting it. Develop sensitivity and increase
awareness on the different cultural norms, attitudes and beliefs. Value diversity and acquire
knowledge about building practices and principles of the different regions where the University
campuses are located.

Building and landscape designs must respect the areas academic and local character, regardless
of the buildings use. The buildings character shall also be infused with attributes from the
immediate locality as well as the campuss academic mission. Building designs shall not feel
foreign to the general public. Use Filipino as the design inspiration.

c. Space Efficiency, Expansibility and Flexibility

Maximum utilization of spaces shall be considered and applied at the planning stage of buildings
and open spaces. A high level of optimization and efficiency of the built space reduces energy
wastage in dead spaces and helps balance costs and benefits. Space utilization encompasses
the frequency rate and occupancy rate of building spaces, where frequency rate is defined as the
measurement of the proportion of time the space is used to its availability whereas occupancy rate
is defined as the measurement of how full the space is compared to its capacity.

Applications of space efficiency in building design include, but are not limited to the following:
Assessment and consideration of projected users and activities, space needs, and space
provision for management and modification of spaces during the design process
Provision of a high ratio of usable area versus gross built area
Versatility in spaces, furniture, fittings, and design features that will allow different activities at
different times
Optimization of furniture sizes, footprint, and layout for effective work

The application of this principle shall take effect at the early planning stage of buildings and open
spaces. This is to allow maximization of spaces as well as to avoid dead spaces that can
contribute to energy wastage.

Maximize the built space on the site footprint of new buildings and by modest additions and
extensions in existing buildings.
Match new uses to the existing built form in renovation and retrofitting projects.
Provide a high ratio of from 75% to 80% of usable area to gross built area.
Capture balance areas for active use where possible.
Provide versatile and/or multipurpose spaces for diverse activities,
Specify design features that allow different activities at different times.
Optimize space standards for effective work.
Create more versatile office and research space, with appropriate open plan areas,
supplemented by additional meeting and quiet spaces
Provide stackable furniture and fittings that can be easily stored when required
Optimize furniture sizes for effective work.
Provide for wireless data access to enable maximum effective use of common space.
Optimize utilization of spaces. Assess the utilization rate of building spaces according to their
actual or predicted use.
During the planning stage, evaluate the frequency rate and the occupancy rate of building
spaces within the units. The frequency rate measures the proportion of time the space is used
compared to its availability whereas the occupancy rate measures how full the space is
compared to its capacity.

d. Pleasant Aesthetic Attributes

Aesthetics must be in line with cultural sensitivity. The pleasant-ness of a built environment should
be agreeable to the general public, and not be biased to a particular individual or group of people.
However, aesthetics should not take precedence over function.

e. Daylighting for Building Interiors


Daylighting is the controlled admission of natural light direct sunlight and diffuse skylight into a
building to reduce electric lighting and saving energy.* Among the proven benefits of daylighting are
better light quality, lower operational costs, decreased carbon footprint, reduced peak usage,
connection to nature, and improved student performance.

The general goal for daylighting is to obtain a minimum level of ambient daylight illumination of 100
lux and a minimum level of working daylight illumination of 300 lux inside building interiors during
daylight hours, so that the best quality of light for the teaching and research environment can be
achieved. The means to attain this goal are:
! To use the diffused light of the sky, the reflected light of the sun and the light coming from
the ground and the surrounding exterior and interior surfaces;
! To allow the suns rays to penetrate directly into the non-working areas inside building
interiors such as, lobbies, stairs, hallways, corridors, corners, nooks and the like;
! To use daylight fixtures that will allow daylight to penetrate deeper into workroom
interiors;
! To prevent daylight glare caused by the unprotected top openings of windows;
! To prevent excessive brightness ratios in workrooms;
! To prevent veiling reflections from happening on work planes; and
! To diffuse daylight by means of multiple reflections off ceilings and walls.

Building Orientation and Design
Rectangular buildings shall be oriented with the long axis running east-west to lessen
unwanted solar heat gain coming from the east and the west. The buildings can also be
oriented along the northwest-southeast axis to maximize wind flow for ventilation.



Academic and academic support buildings shall be designed with a larger exterior surface
area for more exposure to daylight. Whenever possible single-loaded corridors shall have
preference over double-loaded corridors.

Especially for multistory structures, atria or light wells shall be introduced to the building design
to bring large quantities of sunlight into building interiors. The ratio of height to width of light
wells shall not be greater than 2:1; otherwise, reflectors or diffusers shall be suspended within
the atrium space to bounce light sideways and therefore deeper into adjacent internal spaces.
Sidewall Windows
The amount of daylight entering a room shall be increased by achieving a minimum window to
floor area ratio of 1:5. Larger and more windows shall be located on the north and south sides
of the building while smaller and less windows shall be provided on the east and west sides.


Taller and higher windows that reach close to the ceiling cause deeper penetration of daylight
into the work room. A minimum window head height (WHH = window height from floor level
minus window sill height from floor level) of 0.30 x depth of room shall be used. For
classrooms, maximum sill heights shall be 0.80m from floor level while minimum WHH shall be
1.60m, setting the total window height to a minimum standard of 2.40m from floor level.
Adequate windows shall be positioned and spaced properly to admit a comfortably uniform
balance of daylight illumination inside the room.

Whenever possible, windows shall be provided on multiple sides of the room or evenly
distribute daylight by equitably allocating windows all around the rooms. Locate windows in
interior walls when possible.
Use daylight fixtures and manipulate the angles of room surfaces to reflect the light coming
from the diffused sky and the sun to the innermost portions of the work room.
Windows shall be located beside and close to light colored walls.
Window openings shall be slanted so that the inner opening is larger than the outer opening.
Large light colored window sills shall be used to project light into the room.

Clerestory Windows

Clerestory windows are vertical window openings located on the roof facing the same direction
as the sidewall windows that they supplement and are used for buildings with very deep
rooms. Locate the clerestory window away from the sidewall window at a distance of 1.5 x the
sidewall WHH. The height of the clerestory window is preferably 1.2 x the sidewall WHH.
(Bernard Greene)

Orient clerestory windows to the diffused northern sky. However, when orienting clerestory
windows to the southern sky and sun, diffuse daylight by multiple reflections using either
louvers or a daylight scoop; the sun being at 50 deg. altitude during hot season and at 70 deg.
altitude during the cold season.

Distribute clerestory windows evenly at a distance of 2-1/2 x H (the total height of the sidewall
window from the floor).


Whenever possible, position the clerestory window at a steep slope of 60 deg. from the
horizontal. This position will increase the area illuminated by the clerestory thus permitting a
bigger room width. (Greene)


When needed, use an interior reflecting wall in tandem with a clerestory window, especially
one facing the southern orientation. The reflection of southern sun on this wall will make the
room brighter and more pleasant.

Use overhangs and diffusing horizontal baffles below clerestory windows for high-quality
lighting.


Skylights
Where possible, skylights shall be integrated to the roof design of the building.
Angled louvers or some other form of seasonally adjustable shading shall be incorporated in
the skylight design.
Vented skylight units shall be avoided to prevent draughts.
Saw-tooth skylights shall be provided only when facing north or south.
For saw-tooth skylights or roof monitors, light-colored baffles or the ceiling itself shall be used
as the light distribution system. The roof shall be extended to provide a sufficient overhang to
protect the window against direct sun penetration.

Glazing
! Use clear, float glass on operable windows and doors whenever possible.
! Use clear, tempered, float glass on windows and doors that are located in at risk areas.
! Avoid the use of tinted glazing.

Light Distribution Systems

Preferably use external sunlight shading devices rather than internal shading devices (ie.
curtains, vertical blinds, etc.)

Properly-designed light shelves shall be incorporated into windows and other fenestrations
facing the south orientation.
Light shelves shall be deep enough to beam sunlight into the interior of the space and, at the
same time, shade the lower window and diffuse light into the space at sun altitudes of 50 deg.
and 70 deg.



Reflective Surfaces
Majority of ceiling and wall surfaces shall be painted white or in very light colors that have a
high light reflectance value of a minimum of 80% to increase surface efficiency and visual
comfort.
Glare shall be avoided in learning and working spaces by steering clear of very dark walls.
Excessively high contrast, as between a light source and a dark wall, causes glare and leads
to discomfort or loss in visual performance.

Integration with Electric Lighting
Daylighting and electric lighting systems shall be designed to complement each other. Electric
lighting shall be controllable so that the lights can be manually and automatically turned off or
dimmed in areas where daylight is abundant and left on where it is deficient.



f. Acoustics

Acoustics is a science which deals with the production, control, transmission, reception and effects
of sound in an enclosed space. The two major concerns in acoustics that relate to architectural
design are: 1) the control of sound in an enclosed space, and 2) the control of noise.

Room Acoustics
The control of sound in a room is simply a study of the shape of the room to control echoes and
achieve the best distribution of sound; a study of the reflective surfaces to project sound to the
audience; and a study of the absorptive surfaces in a rooms enclosure to cause sound to die out to
attain the optimum reverberation time. The criteria for good room acoustics can be summarized as
follows:

! Speaker to Listener Distance - Farthest speaker to listener distance for lecture halls and
auditoriums is 25 meters.
! Balcony to Hall Depth
A balcony shall be provided for a large auditorium (800 seats or more) to
control speaker to listener distance
The depth of the balcony overhang shall be no more than two times the height
of the balcony opening

The balcony soffit shall be splayed to reflect sound farther to the rear audience
Avoid acoustical shadow zones underneath the balcony
The balcony parapet shall either be treated with an absorbing material such as
fiberglass covered with a protective screen or alternatively be profiled to diffuse
sound or built with a perforated screen to transmit sound
! Room Shape The preferable shape for auditoriums and large lecture halls with capacities of
100 pax or more is the fan shape where the recommended maximum splay is 30 deg and the
absolute maximum splay is 65 deg.
! Room Volume Minimize the volume of the room to allocate a greater amount of sound
energy to each listener. A smaller room volume will also mean less absorptive surface area to
obtain the required reverberation time (RT) since RT is directly proportional to room volume.
The required area per seat of an auditorium or lecture hall is 0.55 sqm to 0.70 sqm; while the
required volume per seat is from 2.0 cum to 5.0 cum.
! Reflecting and Absorbing Surfaces Reflected sound reinforces the direct sound coming
directly from the speaker. Reflecting surfaces shall be located such that early reflections arrive
within 50 milliseconds from the direct sounds. The path length difference between reflected
and direct sounds at the point of a listener shall not exceed 20 meters otherwise a delayed
sound or an echo shall be heard.
Wall and ceiling surfaces at the front of the auditorium close to the
speaker/stage shall be reflecting surfaces.

Wall and ceiling surfaces at the rear of the auditorium shall be absorbing
surfaces.
As a rule of thumb, the walls and ceiling surfaces enclosing the front 2/3
volume of the auditorium shall be reflective while the rear 1/3 volume shall be
absorptive surfaces.
! Floor Rake A raked floor is needed for visual as well as acoustical reasons. If the floor is
sloped, raising the listeners, the beam of sound is broader indicating a greater sound energy
received by the audience.
The floor rake for a lecture hall with 23 m speaker to last row listener distance
is 160mm per riser.
Maximum height of stage shall be 0.60 m so that the stage floor is visible from
the eye height of the first row.
Stage floor for a lecture hall shall be concrete.
Stage floor for an auditorium shall be constructed of wood planks with an
underlying air space of 200mm in order to amplify the low frequency sounds.
! Ceiling Reflections The ceiling shall be profiled with suspended discrete ceiling panels to
direct as much sounds to the rear parts of the hall.
There shall be at least three (3) discrete ceiling panels. The front-most panel
shall direct sound to the whole audience; the middle panel shall direct sound to
the rear 2/3 of the audience and the rear panel shall direct sound to the rear 1/3
of the audience.
The size of each ceiling reflector panel shall be at least 2.44m in any one
direction.
The panels shall be reasonably heavy to provide a high degree of reflection and
a low resonant frequency. In general, two layers of 16mm thick gypsum boards
are adequate.

! Ambient Noise Ambient noise such as external noises from noise-producing activities, air-
conditioning noises and footsteps by the audience shall be minimized. External noises are
best managed by providing sound locks.
! Sound Reinforcement Systems A lecture hall for 100 pax or less will not require any sound
reinforcement system except for speakers with weak voices. Provide sound reinforcement
systems for auditoriums.
! Reverberation Time Provide 0.4 to 0.5 second RT for classrooms and lecture halls.
Maximum RT for auditoriums shall be 1.0 second.

Noise Control

Sound Transmission Loss or TL is a value in decibels that is equivalent to the loss in sound
pressure level that occurs as the sound passes through a panel. Sound Transmission Class or STC
is a standard used to describe the sound insulating property of a panel in all frequency ranges. The
transfer of sound between rooms is influenced by the construction of the drywall system that
separates the rooms and is controlled by the following factors:
Surface Mass shall be maximized as much as possible; a two layer double leaf partition has
a higher STC value than a one layer double leaf partition.
Stiffness - Materials of low stiffness provide a higher TL. For example, loaded vinyl curtain or
lead sheets are materials of low stiffness. Loaded vinyl is a polymer mixed with heavy weight
inorganic material, such as barium sulfate or calcium carbonate.

De-Coupling of Leaves - This is the most important factor which increases the TL of a panel.
In a wood or metal stud assembly, decoupling is achieved by using two separate stud walls or
a resilient channel.
Cavity Depth - To achieve a significant improvement in low frequency TL, a cavity depth of at
least 100 mm is recommended.
Porous Absorber in Cavity Insert a fiberglass porous absorber inside the cavity depth to
cover the entire length and width of the cavity; the thickness of fiberglass shall be limited to
three-quarters (3/4) the depth of the cavity.
Dissimilar Leaves Use leaves of either different material or different thicknesses to improve
the TL of the panel. The use of two different thicknesses is usually more practical than using
dissimilar materials.
Avoidance of Sound Leaks and Flanking Transmission - Sound insulating construction
shall be as airtight as possible. Unintentional gaps shall be sealed with an acoustic sealant
over the entire wall perimeter.

g. Solar-Energy Conservation Systems


Circulation and implementation of energy conservation policies within the campus make users
aware of their own consumption. Both passive and technological systems may be adopted in the
design of energy conservation systems.

Incorporate passive cooling techniques.
Use sensors for lighting and appliance activation.
Use solar energy for water heating (if needed at all).
Replace lighting fixtures with LED.
Install parking space indicators to avoid fuel wastage in vehicles.
Introduce alternative energy sources to the operation of the buildings.
Utilize daylight where possible.
Conduct energy analysis and assessment of the performance requirements of different
systems of the building throughout its design and construction phase:
__ Building envelope, including thermal performance requirements for walls, roofs, and
windows;
__ Lighting system, including day lighting, and lamps and luminaire performance
requirements;
__ HVAC systems, including energy performance of chillers and air distribution systems;
__ Electrical system; and
__ Water heating and pumping systems, including requirements for solar hot-water systems

Provision for Solar Panels

h. Indoor Thermal Comfort

Maintaining thermal comfort inside buildings is a factor in ensuring work efficiency among its users.
Temperature requirements shall be addressed on a case to case basis, depending on the functions
of the building.

Passive cooling incorporated in the design of a building is always preferred. Whenever passive
cooling techniques prove insufficient or inappropriate in maintaining indoor thermal comfort,
mechanical systems may be used...

For working areas, minimize glazing on walls facing west and south.

Enhance comfort by understanding the nature of work of the building users. Room
temperature and gravity of daylight penetration must be regulated to ensure work
efficiency

i. Safe Building Features

All buildings inside U.P. property must be designed as buildings safe from disasters. These shall be
achieved through new construction using safe building features and vulnerability reduction of
existing buildings through architectural, structural and engineering retrofitting. A safe building is a
building which will not endanger the occupants and the building itself against natural and man-
made hazards. Common natural hazard occurrences against buildings include earthquakes, floods,
typhoons, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, while man-made hazards include the occurrences of
fire and terrorism. New buildings must be executed using correct design, competent construction
and effective maintenance while existing buildings must be consistently monitored using safe
evaluation procedures, regularly and properly maintained, rectified for mistakes and retrofitted
whenever necessary.

Of all the hazards as described above, particular attention must be given to reducing vulnerability of
buildings due to earthquake hazards, effects of typhoons and high winds, risk of flood, and the
potential dangers of fire (See Section 3.3 e. Building Fire Safety).


Earthquake
Avoid building on stilts or soft stories on both upper and lower floors.
Avoid weak columns columns must be more rigid than beams.
Avoid long cantilevers and unnecessary building features build minimally.
Design light by avoiding top-heavy structures- if mass is low, force tends to be low, hence,
destruction is less.
Avoid irregular shapes two dimensional, vertical and three-dimensional irregularities.
Avoid irregular weight distribution (in plan or elevation) which will result in complex internal
stresses.
Execute Enhanced Reserve Capacity- ensure ductility in a building through confinement,
control of shear failure, control of ductility due to axial load
Secure any overhead component properly (bracing of overhead pipes, lighting fixtures, air-
conditioning units and other mounted components to ensure adequate anchorage strength and
prevent collapse).
Infinite Utility Systems- when existing systems are out-of-order, there is a set of spare systems
that will function on their behalf.
For concrete masonry units/walls:
Avoid using masonry walls as structural walls; instead, use reinforced concrete structural
walls to support the masonry walls and to enhance their resistance to seismic forces.
There should be a gap/soft joint between non-structural masonry walls and structural
components such as reinforced concrete columns and beams; the gap should be filled
with a flexible material.

Typhoons and High Winds
Establish a strong Uplift Chain from foundation to the roof of buildings (with particular attention
to roof). The roof uplift chain includes:
! roof frame to building frame (roof truss to beam)
! purlins to top chord or rafter
! roof sheets to purlins
Perform Less is More designs - less embellishments (non-structural elements) means less
projectile hazards less projectile hazards means safer facilities.
Building Protection and Shielding - sheltering of building against wind forces through natural
terrain and vegetation; protection of glazing against projectiles and strong winds through
louvers and other shielding devices.


Floods
Raised floor and/or structural filling Institute Design Flood Elevation (DFE)- designated
elevation set by the university 300 mm or more above the Base Flood Elevation (BFE).
Construct flood barriers on site or buildings and especially protect the buildings foundation
from hydrodynamic loads when necessary.
Use anchorage to prevent structures from floating or displacing laterally and dislocation or
collapse of its parts.
Use Flood-Resistant Materials for building parts below DFE.
Execute Flood-Proof Construction Details- by designing dry flood-proofing measures (ie. to
seal building from flood water)

j. Building Fire Safety

The key to reducing the vulnerability of buildings against the dangers of fire is, primarily, to use
techniques in preventing fire from occurring; secondly, in controlling fire in order to lessen material
damage; and thirdly, in escaping during fire emergencies in order to avoid the loss of valuable lives.

Fire prevention techniques are basically architectural design techniques which require the handling
of spaces and materials in order to prevent fire from occurring. Fire control techniques can be
broken down into active and passive methods. Active methods rely on mechanical and electrical
engineering systems, such as the use of fire hoses and the automatic sprinkler system. On the
other hand, passive methods of fire control are inactive techniques which are basically aimed at

retarding the growth and spread of fire through the architectural use of materials and methods of
construction.

Lifesaving systems generally trace fire escape routes and proposes techniques for fire escape.

Fire Prevention Techniques
Perform efficient planning and zoning which will keep separate the heat sources from
combustible materials.
Use construction materials with low burning rate, high temperature ignition and low toxicity.
Avoid interior accessories and furniture that would drastically increase the buildings fire load.
Ensure that electrical installations follow recognized standards and good industry practice.
Provide sufficient number of convenience outlets to avoid unwanted octopus connections.

Fire Detection Techniques
Visually expose fire risk and fire load areas to building occupants by using glass partitions,
interior windows and door portholes whenever possible.
Use manual and automatic (electric/ electronic) methods of alerting the building occupants that
a fire has started in a given location.
Use heat and/or smoke alarm systems inside or close to fire risk and fire load areas.

Fire Early SuppressionTechniques
Provide ABC dry chemical fire extinguishers from 50 to 75 meters apart in each floor as well
as in locations inside or close to fire risk and fire load areas. For areas where computer
equipment as well as laboratory equipment are present, provide the carbon dioxide (CO2) fire
extinguishers.
Provide water and/or gas sprinkler systems whenever necessary as specified in the R.A. 9514
Fire Code of the Philippines.

Fire Containment Techniques
Fire clad structural components to ensure stability of structural frames during fire. Use
fireproofing materials, e.g. spray-on thin-film intumescents, endothermic materials, mineral
wool wraps and insulation, fireproof cladding
Provide fire-rated walls and slabs to contain fire in rooms, sub-compartments and
compartments so as to segregate areas where fire may occur and to stop fire and smoke from
spreading.
Contain fire risk and fire load areas against the danger and the spread of fire.



For fire compartments, extend concrete masonry unit partitions up to the bottom of the slab in
order to prevent horizontal fire spread between major rooms (ie. classrooms and offices).
Provide a minimum 1-meter exterior ledge between building floors to prevent vertical flame
transfer.

Opening Protection
Install fire doors and windows in an opening of a fire barrier to maintain its fire resistance.
Install fire-rated glazing/glass and framing as a complete assembly.
Install fire and smoke dampers in duct systems, especially where air ducts penetrate fire-rated
and/or smoke-resistant assemblies.

Fire Fighting and Control Techniques
Make provisions for telecommunications connection of the building's fire protection systems to
the Universitys and the local municipality fire department communication center.
Ensure that all sides of buildings come within reach of fire trucks through roads and open
spaces that are free from natural and/or man-made barriers.

Distribute fire hose cabinets with dry and wet standpipes connections, fire hoses and other
firefighting equipment within reach from fire risk areas and in proper locations such that all

areas of the building are covered and in accordance with the requirements of the National
Building Code and the Fire Code.
Provide compartmentalized firemens shafts complete with firefighting facilities especially for
tall and complex structures whenever necessary.

Smoke Control Techniques
Contain fire risk and fire load areas against the spread of smoke and the danger of suffocation
to building occupants and firefighters.
Provide smoke barriers of fire resisting materials whenever necessary.
Disperse smoke locally by provision of natural cross ventilation and/or mechanical venting.
Prevent the penetration of smoke in fire escape stairways and corridors, protected areas, life-
risk areas and firemens shafts by smoke dispersion techniques or pressurization.

Fire Escape Techniques
All buildings within the university shall comply with all applicable codes, regulations and
standards on emergency access.
Locate service areas and parking away from emergency access points.
Provide corridor systems that have a straightforward and simple lay-out, legible, direct and not
tortuous, free of barriers, cul-de-sacs and bottlenecks.
Preserve width of escape routes by preventing obstructions especially from open doors and
parked furniture/equipment.
Fire escape stairs shall be designed to be used daily by building occupants and shall be well-
maintained.
Provide protected escape routes and interior places of safety free from the dangers of fire and
smoke.
Provide an alternative means of escape for every building wing, all high occupancy rooms,
atria, and all life risk areas.
Design fire resisting doors by proper location, capacity and width, quantity and swing opening.

Additional Fire Safety Measures
Maintain primary and secondary exits such that they are to be kept unlocked and free of
obstructions.
Provide a route map towards the nearest exit on every floor and/or room.
Establish the fastest route towards the campuss infirmary or health service, or to the nearest
health service provider.
Provide emergency telephones on every floor for the use of anyone within the building.
In line with the Preventive Maintenance principle, structural maintenance and visual review of
fire protection systems should be done regularly, especially for old buildings. This is to assure
the buildings structural integrity and fire protection compliance.
Permit the fire department or his representative to enter the building premises to conduct
inspection and testing of the building's fire protection systems whenever needed.

Fire Safety During Construction
Provide life safety warning, such as fire detection and alarm systems, to temporary
accommodation and facilities used during the construction of buildings.
Provide safe and proper storage of flammable construction materials and liquids on site,
separate from the work area and in accordance with the National Building Code and the Fire
Code.
Maintain adequate insurance, during and after construction, to indemnify the University against
claims for fire damages how so ever caused to third parties.

k. Water Use Efficiency

Rainwater Harvesting
To lessen dependence on metered water, and to utilize alternative sources of water, facilities for
the storage and utilization of rainwater shall be implemented. Building water supply systems should
be integrated with rainwater tanks and cisterns; while outdoor spaces shall rely on detention ponds
to harvest rainwater.

When possible, provide detention ponds within each parcel to make use of rainwater rich
in nutrients for irrigation.
Provide rainwater cisterns for each building or clusters of buildings for flushing of toilets
and other domestic uses.
Provide rainwater filtration systems whenever necessary.

l. Energy Saving Lights
Long-lasting lighting fixtures, and fixtures which partially or wholly rely on alternative sources of
energy, may incur higher initial construction costs; however, in the long run, they will prove their
worth through lower maintenance and operations costs.
LED lighting fixtures shall be preferred all throughout the campus. Provided that good
quality fixtures are used, these are guaranteed to last for a long time.
Compact fluorescent (CFL) lamps may be used whenever the practicality of using LED
lights is challenged, such as when the budget cannot accommodate the provision of
such.
Street lighting shall be equipped with solar panels and batteries to harvest and store solar
energy, which can be used not only to operate the lamps, but also to distribute excess
solar power to other buildings or to sell back to the electrical company.

m. Environmental Air Quality

n. Pest Control

Effective pest controls begin with proper design and correct operational procedures. It is important
to prevent pest habitats in building interiors. The presence of food coupled with favorable
surroundings creates the environment for pest proliferation in building interiors. Pests thrive in dark
and damp areas; as such, it is important to implement designs which will not be prone to pest
inhabitation. As a repellent to rats and cockroaches inside buildings, manipulate openings to
maximize intrusion of daylight and sunlight into the structure. Any bright, naturally-lit space deters
the proliferation of pests, and consequently evokes qualities of cleanliness and purity. A bright and
sunny room with open, clean and transparent storage areas are much preferred than the dark and
damp room with enclosed and dim cabinets. Use pest guards to prevent the intrusion of all types of
pests

Avoid the use of chemical pesticides, as improper use of such is detrimental to the health of human
beings.
! Rooms/spaces where water is used or accumulates shall be ventilated and opened to
sunlight for drying.
! Hollow-core spaces which are prone to becoming dark and damp, such as under-counter
cabinets and storage rooms, shall be avoided.

! Use solid-core doors rather than hollow-core doors for rooms that become damp, such as
toilet rooms and janitors work rooms.
! Avoid the use of hollow walls on damp rooms; such as laboratories, toilets and janitors
work rooms.
! Provide metal pest guards on ceiling voids and plenum spaces.

3.4 BUILDING DESIGN and MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

a. Building Materials

The architectural materials of buildings and other improvements shall be consistent with the
character of existing campus buildings and blend with the environment in which they are
located.
Criteria for selection of building finishes include beauty, durability, sustainability, and low-
maintenance exterior and interior finishes. This shall also extend to selection of materials for
landscaped spaces, lighting, signage, and others.
Whenever possible, use high-quality recycled materials which have a long life-span, or those
which are rapidly renewable.
Final selection of finishes shall be approved by the ODPI/OCA via mock-ups and samples.

b. Interior Finishes

The finish materials shall be selected to meet a range of functional parameters: durability,
acoustical performance, fire safety, relationship to mechanical and electrical services, changeability
over time and cost. They must also look good, presenting a neat appearance and meeting the
architectural goals of the building. Criteria in the choice of interior finishes include:

! Appearance to carry out the concept of the interior space: light, color, pattern and texture.
! Durability and Maintenance to consider the expected levels of wear and tear and the cost
to maintain during the materials useful life.
! Acoustic Criteria to take into account the quality of listening conditions and the control of
noise.
! Fire Criteria to ensure low combustibility and high fire resistance.
! Relationship to mechanical-electrical service to ascertain compatibility with utility
services
! Changeability to consider flexibility in the interior space so that lighting and partitions can
be easily and economically adjustable to new use patterns without serious delay or disruption.
! Cost to consider first cost or installed cost, as well as, life-cycle cost or the cost that takes
into account not only the first cost, but the expected lifetime of the finish system, maintenance
costs, replacement cost (if any), an assumed rate of economic inflation, and the time value of
money.

Flooring
! Choose hard finish flooring materials for their resistance to wear and moisture. Lay-out these
materials emphasizing on their beautiful colors and patterns.
! The skid resistance of a flooring material is measured by its Static Coefficient of Friction
(SCOF). Particular care must be taken when specifying a very smooth, polished material for a
floor, especially in entrances and lobby areas where people may have wet feet.

Masonry Partition System
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar. A
masonry wall is used for permanent wall partitions. Three (3) types of masonry units shall be used:
! concrete hollow block units, either 4 or 6
! concrete louver blocks to allow the flow of air
! glass wall units to permit the passage of daylight

Framed Partition System

Partitions that will be finished in plaster or gypsum board are usually framed with metal studs.
Metal stud framing is of light-gauge steel studs and runner channels for plaster board partitions.
! Framed interior partitions are used for rooms that will frequently change in form and size to
easily and economically adjust to new use patterns without serious delay or disruption.

Gypsum Wallboards, Plasterboards and/or Dry Wall Finishes
! Use one (1) layer double leaf of 16 mm gypsum wallboards for 2-hour fire rating.
! Use two (2) layers double leaf of 16 mm gypsum wall boards for 4-hour fire rating.
! Use two (2) layers double leaf of 16 mm gypsum boards for STC 59.

Ceilings
! Use the exposed structural and mechanical components ceiling whenever appropriate. This
saves money and reduces the overall height of the building.
! Corridor ceiling shall be of the exposed-type.
! Avoid tightly attached ceiling and use discrete suspended ceilings to avoid the habitation of
pests inside the plenum.
! Use acoustical (absorptive) discrete suspended panels whenever necessary.

Paints and Coatings
Provide visual unity by following a consistent color palette, preferably in lighter tones, throughout
the campus. Paint types and textures may vary, but ensure that structures share a common color.
Avoid bright and excessive accent colors to allow for natural accents such as landscape and art.
Use UV-rated paint finishes for exterior walls, to prolong life.

Furniture and Furnishings
! Use furniture and furnishings that are durable and less prone to vandalism.
! Use furniture and furnishings that are of fire resistant materials.

c. Building Entrance and Faade

The main entrance to a building should be clearly defined by its size and form as well as in the
use of colors, texture, materials and lighting. Its size, however, should relate in scale to the
overall configuration of the building base.
The main entrance doorway should be recessed into the faade and/or located under an
arcade or canopy. The canopy should provide shelter from the rain whenever a building
occupant or visitor alights from his/her car to enter the building.
All building entrances must comply with all access requirements as required by the
Accessibility Law.
Balconies are allowed and encouraged.
Facades shall employ different but related architectural elements so as to attribute a distinct
identity to each building or structure.
Entrance to individual buildings shall be easy to identify and prominently defined. In keeping
with the design continuity, buildings in and around the Campus Core shall have a
symmetrically balanced faade while other buildings in the outlying areas may use more
asymmetric facades.

d. Wall Design

Buildings should provide for a hierarchy of horizontal and vertical expression and patterns that
should relate to the particular form and proportion of a building. The purpose of detailing is to
create consistency among the building frontage (tower) and other architectural features, such
as the building entrance, corner, and variation in setback, etc.
Exterior sun-shading devices are highly encouraged and they should be designed to protect
glazing against the suns rays. Generally shading devices facing east and west shall be
vertical while those facing south shall be horizontal. Relentless grids and eggcrate
fenestration should be avoided whenever possible.
Faade walls, including those for parking structures, should be designed with sufficient
architectural details to create identity and still be in harmony with the context.

Avoid blank walls if possible.

e. Insulation / Weatherizing / Water and Moisture Control

Heat Insulation
Materials with low solar heat gain are preferred.
Insulation materials made out of CFCs shall not be used; those made out of HCFCs have
been found to affect the ozone layer, and its use should therefore be avoided as well.
Use heat insulators in roof and wall surfaces exposed to the suns heat.

Water and Moisture Control
Avoid using materials which, in absorbing moisture, attract pests and foster mold and mildew
formation.
Use architectural details to direct rainwater away from exposed building surfaces but guide
them through the use of gutters, drips, water grooves and inverted slopes.

f. Roof and Gutter Design

Roofs shall be designed generally of the shed or gable-type with breathers and/or louvers with
an open area of L/300 for unscreened openings and L/150 for screened opening; L being the
ceiling void area.
Gutters shall be of stainless steel or reinforced concrete. When made of reinforced concrete,
gutters shall directly suspend from the roof beam, waterproofed and with downspouts, firmly
attached to columns, running straight down to the ground catch basins. All downspouts shall
be of cast iron pipes and fittings.
Gutter tops shall be screened to prevent leaves and other debris from clogging the gutter
drains.



4.0 ENGINEERING DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES

4.1 GENERAL

These guidelines are a supplement to the existing National Building Code and appropriate Philippine
and utility agency codes which must be fully complied with in addition to the guidelines stated within this
document.

Utility easements shall be provided and must be separate from pedestrian sidewalks/pathways.

4.2 SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING DESIGN PRINCIPLES

a. Building Automation

Building automation systems control the Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (VAC) system, lighting,
and other equipment. These systems help reduce energy consumption and promote energy
efficiency.

For campus buildings needing complex equipment, centralize management and control of
facilities (e.g. VAC, electrical, service scheduling, alarm system, energy management, other
building services/ utilities) to increase level of quality, convenience and comfort of the building
users.
For campus buildings not needing mechanical VAC or pump systems, use passive techniques.

b. Advanced/Futuristic Technology

The application of advanced technologies in classroom learning is encouraged to improve the daily
operations and services within the university and maintain its competence in information
technology.

Deliver differentiated campus learning experiences by making online resources, services and
facilities available to students and faculty round the clock.

Facilitate distance-learning environments by proactively developing innovative uses for
instructional technology and course content delivery.
Regularly update equipment used for academic purposes such as laboratory equipment and
research/medical equipment.
Regularly update library and information sources, whether in hardcopy or in digital form.
Explore and design alternative and more efficient campus transport systems offering less
environmental impact, higher long-term savings, and improved user safety.

c. Sustainable Engineering Technologies

Whenever possible apply new sustainable engineering technologies and high performance
strategies in ventilation and air-conditioning; solar thermal energy; co-generation; and electrical
auxiliaries such as WiFi, sound systems, telecommunication, CCTV, MATV and others. If funds do
not permit the installation of these technologies at present, prepare the building to accept these
new sustainable engineering technologies in the near future.
! Use high performance ventilators and air conditioning systems.
! Use solar thermal energy and co-generation.
! Use high performance fire protection systems.

4.3 UTILITY SERVICES

The general policy of the Universitys utility services is to provide simple and functional designs for all
engineering services with economy, reliability and sustainability as the main design objectives.

a. Water Supply Service

! Locate and install water meters for easy tracking of water use; and according to government
codes and the criteria and specifications of the utility company involved.
! Locate meter rooms away from public access, but accessible to service personnel.
! Provide a single potable water supply system within the University campus. No shallow or
deep wells are allowed without the approval of the relevant government agency.
! The campus or constituent unit shall be responsible for the application and arrangement of the
water supply system of each college development. Location of the metering equipment shall
be provided by the Building Administrator of the College/Unit. The OCA shall verify if the
arrangements made are satisfactory to the relevant government institutions.
! Water pumps directly connected to water mains are not allowed.
! When pressure from the water mains is inadequate, the building service shall be connected to
water storage tanks provided by the College/Unit within their premises.
! Ensure that the minimum water requirement per building/parcel is provided for. This excludes
water requirements for fire, which shall be addressed separately.
! Promote water conservation practices, and implement policies to encourage users to conserve
water.
! Each building within a parcel shall have its own main water meter. If the building is further
subdivided among several tenants or leasable areas, each unit shall have its own sub-meter
connected to the buildings main-meter.
! As much as possible, all water lines emanating from the main meter shall be exposed and
accessible for maintenance

b. Sewage and storm water drainage

! Maintain the sewage and storm water drainage system within the campus lot boundaries and
all connections to the main drainage systems.
! Ensure that contaminated substances are suitably treated before disposal. Do not direct toxic
effluent into the public sewage system or any creek/natural body of water.
! Install rainwater catchment systems and reuse stored water for landscape irrigation, etc. Cover
rainwater catchment storage tanks or any other open water reservoirs to reduce water loss
due to evaporation, and to prevent contamination and pest breeding.

! Integrate bio-swales, or depressions in the landscape meant to collect excess water, as a low-
impact option for the collection of storm water and roof runoff. Direct roof drain pipes and
storm water to said bio-swales, where water shall percolate and recharge the water table.

c. Solid waste

! Garbage collection and disposal system shall be regulated by each constituent unit, and
integrated with the waste management system of the local government agency it is in.
! Promote a waste reduction, garbage segregation and resource recovery/recycling program.

d. Electric supply

! Each campus shall make arrangements for the provision of electricity to its campus. Electric
supply shall conform to government codes and practices.
! Locate and install electric meters for easy tracking of electricity use; and according to
government codes and the criteria and specifications of the utility company involved.
! Station electrical and equipment rooms away from acoustically and electromagnetically-
sensitive areas, but nearer to major electrical loads. Provide adequate ventilation and
illumination for said rooms. Ensure that electrical and equipment rooms are designed to
accommodate future expansion.
! Locate power and lighting panelboards away from public access, but accessible to service
personnel.
! Provide generators as a reliable means to address power outages and system failures.
! Each building within a parcel shall have its own main electric meter, and each building within
the parcel of land must have its own sub-meter. If the building is further subdivided among
several tenants or leasable areas, each unit must have its own sub-meter connected to the
buildings main-meter.

e. Telecommunications

! Identify the spaces and room sizes required for telecommunication equipment. Provide
sufficient access to these spaces.
! Conceal telecommunications antennas and masts through fences or dense softscape, and
install these at sparsely populated areas in the campus, for less visibility and increased safety
and security.

f. Electrical auxiliaries/Information technology

5.0 LANDSCAPE DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES

5.1 GENERAL

Campus landscapes are an integral part of UPs aesthetic, cultural, social, and facilities infrastructure.
They serve as spaces for gathering, recreation, and even education in an outdoor setting. They also give
breathing space to the campus and contribute to its aesthetic quality.

The Landscape Design Principles and Guidelines shall serve as a guide for landscape and site
developments and improvements of campus landscapes and exterior spaces. This set of principles and
guidelines shall provide the framework for planning, design, and development in order to establish a
beautiful and unified landscape for all UP campuses

5.2 LANDSCAPE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS

a. Plant Materials


A major element of the landscape, campus plantings provide form, color, and texture to the campus
canvas. They also help to unify the campus and strengthen its identity, reinforce corridors and open
spaces, serve as buffers and screens, and create a comfortable environment. Species selection
and landscape treatments may vary across different UP campuses.

The following guidelines shall be followed:

Visual coherence and consistency shall be achieved with the use of a limited plant palette.
Develop a palette of plant materials which supports an attractive, harmonious, and easily
maintained landscape.
The following characteristics shall be taken into consideration when selecting plants for use in
the campus: low maintenance needs, low water requirements, non-invasive, and tolerant to
the natural elements as well as existing site conditions.
Tree species to be planted in each UP campus shall be limited to those that are native,
indigenous, or endemic to the region where the particular campus is located.
Exotic tree species may be used but strictly for experimental purposes and designated
commercial tree farms only. For shrubs and groundcovers, exotics species may be used as
part of the landscaping of campuses.
Mostly evergreen trees shall be planted to reduce the volume of leaf litter.
Consideration shall be given for seasonal blooms and foliage color of plant materials to create
a year-round aesthetically pleasing campus environment.
Species of trees and plants that are already found in a particular campus may be used as a
basis for plant selection.
Structured layouts of plant materials shall be used adjacent to buildings in order to
complement the formal architecture. Mixed species in irregular groupings shall be planted in
natural landscape areas such as grasslands, forested areas, and along water bodies.
All landscaped areas shall be adequately irrigated. An energy-efficient, environmentally
responsible, and permanent irrigation system shall be considered.
A seedling nursery for native tree species shall be established in each large main UP campus.
No large trees or those with buttresses and surface roots shall be planted within 3 meters of
buildings, utilities, roads, and pedestrian walks.
Turf shall be limited where possible to reduce maintenance costs.
No trees or shrubs whose above-ground parts may be highly toxic or poisonous to humans
shall be planted. Those with prickly thorns shall be restricted for use as hedging or be located
in areas with limited human activity.
There shall be a clear visual zone of no less than 2.5 meters from the sidewalk to the
underside of the canopy for all tree species to allow unobstructed views. Personal security and
safety is a significant factor in selecting plant material and specifying their location.


Existing and/or relocated trees and plants shall be protected and moved according to CMO
requirements.
Plantings of annual flowers and perennials shall be used sparingly, and only in specially
designated locations.
Per University policy, all new trees shall have a minimum height of 1.50 meters at installation.

b. Paving Materials

Campus paving serves as a strong unifying element in the campus landscape. It also improves
legibility of the campus circulation hierarchy. The paving hierarchy shall respect the general
organizational grid of campus corridors, but at a closer scale, it differentiates between the central
pedestrian and cyclist friendly core and the shared streets and vehicular streets beyond. The
paving treatment cues pedestrians to recognize the safe pedestrian areas of the campus.

The scale, pattern and layout of paving materials shall complement adjacent campus buildings
and infrastructure.
Pervious paving materials such as unit pavers or porous asphalt shall be considered
especially for parking lots and pedestrian walks to allow the percolation of runoff into the
ground.


Vehicular roads shall be paved with asphalt or concrete, the latter being more preferable.
Perimeter sidewalks and major pedestrian paths outside the campus core shall be unit pavers
or concrete with tooled or saw-cut joints. Where concrete is used, banding or framing with unit
pavers shall be allowed to add interest and pedestrian scale to the paving surface.
Special accent paving may be used for plazas, courtyards, and other special areas.
All new paving surfaces shall have a minimum cross slope of 0.5% and a maximum of 2%.
The only exceptions shall be limited stretches of a maximum length of 2 meters.
Pathways in natural settings such as grasslands and lagoons shall be asphalt or unit pavers.
Minor pathways in these areas may be surfaced in gravel when use is limited.

c. Furnishings

Site furnishings and design standards shall be derived from a common design language, material
palette, and family of components in order to help create campus cohesion, and the desired
institutional character. Site furnishings shall be integrated into the campus landscape and shall be
highly visible to encourage its use. When possible, these shall be located against a visual
background, such as landscaping or a building wall, so as to increase visibility while minimizing
clutter.

The style of campus furnishings shall integrate traditional and contemporary design approaches.
Furnishings shall have a cohesive and unified character and shall be built of durable materials.

Benches and Tables
Permanently anchored furniture shall be given priority over movable benches and tables.
Movable furniture may be used in areas of high public use and visibility and shall be managed
and supervised to minimize damage or theft.
Benches shall be located in shaded, comfortable settings that are conducive to conversations,
adjacent to but off high-traffic walkways and corridors.
Consideration shall be made for seats that allow wheelchair access.
Considerations shall be given for benches and tables that are dedicated as memorials or given
as gifts to the University. Appropriate placement shall be coordinated with the Campus
Architect.
Seat walls and seats fixed into planters shall be preferable to stand-alone benches and shall
be used when possible.

Planters
Planters shall be strategically located for aesthetic purposes as well as to control pedestrian
traffic.
Location of planters shall be compatible with access and service functions.
Appropriate sizes of planters shall be used to livability and maintenance of plants.
Materials and finishes shall be maintenance-free and resistant to urban impacts.

Trash Receptacles
Trash receptacles shall be provided throughout the campus, particularly near gathering areas,
crosswalks, and transit stops. Receptacles shall be grouped as needed to reduce visual
clutter.
Trash receptacles shall be located in unobtrusive, non-prominent positions and off pedestrian
circulation paths. Receptacles both movable and permanently anchored shall be considered
as the need arises.
Marking for trash receptacles shall be clearly marked.
Dumpsters shall be contained within service areas, be set on concrete pads, and be screened
from public view.

Bike Racks
Different styles of bike racks may be used, including Ring style, Ribbon style, Inverted U,
and Post and Ring. The style of bike racks to be used shall complement other adjacent site
furnishings and architectural elements.

Appropriate sizes and quantities of bike racks for specific areas shall be determined by usage
requirements.
Bike racks shall be permanently installed on a concrete base for durability.
Bike racks shall be located in areas proximate to building entries and in well-illuminated, highly
visible areas where sufficient security is available.
Bike racks located near entrances to campus facilities shall not impede the flow of
pedestrians.

Bollards
Bollards shall be used to define the separation between pedestrian and vehicular areas or to
protect buildings and site elements from errant vehicles.
Bollards shall be spaced sufficiently to prevent intrusion of vehicles but shall allow passage of
small maintenance vehicles and wheelchairs.
As much as possible, bollards shall be permanently installed. Removable bollards shall be
used only where service and emergency vehicles require temporary access.
Use of illuminated bollards is not recommended as these are prone to vandalism but may be
used in specific locations where ground lighting is needed.
Bollards shall have a height of 0.9 meters above grade and shall be spaced from 0.9 meters to
1.65 meters, depending on intensity of pedestrian and vehicular traffic of the area where these
are to be installed.

Sculpture and Public Art
Sculpture and memorial placement and choice shall consider the size, quality, and
color of the piece for proper integration with the overall campus environment.
Consideration shall be given for groupings of sculptural elements, to suggest a sculpture
garden that is set within a well-landscaped context.
Individual sculptures chosen for a group setting shall not conflict with each other or create a
non-cohesive grouping. If possible, the location of sculptures shall be consulted and
coordinated with the sculptor.
Outdoor artworks shall be placed in locations that complement both the artistic piece as well
as the landscape setting. Where appropriate, landscape shall complement the art through
plantings, seating areas, and pavement treatments.
Consideration shall be given to artworks that function as benches, lighting, and other site
features.

d. Landscape Lighting

Campus lighting shall prioritize safety and security of exterior spaces as well as highlight important
campus features, nodes, and building entries, reinforce circulation corridors, and enhance the
campus character, beauty, and sense of place.

Exterior lighting shall make use of cut-off light fixtures to prevent glare and minimize light pollution
and light trespass onto adjacent areas. Long-life light sources shall be used, with an emphasis on
LED lights. Incandescent light sources shall be avoided.


Banner arms shall be provided on pole lights in the campus core, gateways, and other designated
areas, intended for use on banners to communicate campus messages and special events.

Special Lighting Nodes and Icons:
Flood light fixtures shall be used for high impact accents of key signage, sculptures, and key
architectural features.
Accent lighting fixtures shall be integrated into the landscape and shall not be visually
obstructive.
Lighting fixtures mounted directly on structures shall only be allowed when utilized to enhance
specific architectural elements and building entries.
Accent lighting equipment shall be of sufficient quality to resist vandalism and minimize
maintenance.

Street and Parking Lights
Pedestrian light fixtures for new or replacement installations shall be either a single head or
double head style cylinder.
The pole, pedestal base, and top shall have a powder coat finish.
Base mounting details for installation on lawn or planting areas shall be formed concrete
foundation exposed above the finish grade, with the pedestal cap on top.
Lighting location shall consider safety and adequate illumination of the surrounding area.
Lighting shall be placed in landscape areas adjacent to parking lots when possible.
White light sources, having high energy efficiency and good color rendering, shall be used for
parking and street lighting. The most commonly available sources are Metal Halide (MH),
compact fluorescent (CFL), and Light Emitting Diode (LED), the latter being the most efficient.
Yellow light sources such as High Pressure Sodium (HPS), Low Pressure Sodium (LPS),
and Mercury Vapor shall not be used for pedestrian lighting due to poor color rendering.
Maximum height of parking lot poles shall be 6 meters measured from finished grade.
Maximum base height is 0.6 meters.

Pedestrian Lights
Pedestrian light fixtures for new or replacement installations shall be a single mount luminaire
with aluminum fixture hood.
Fixtures shall be mounted on a round tapered aluminum pole, with round tapered one piece
base cover.
Base mounting details for installation on lawn or planting areas shall be formed concrete
foundation exposed above the finish grade, with slight convex top to shed water.
Lighting installations shall be coordinated with existing tree locations and proposed vegetation
to provide optimum lighting levels.
Use of illuminated bollards or other low-level light fixtures is not recommended as these are
prone to vandalism.
White light sources, having high energy efficiency and good color rendering, shall be used for
pedestrian lighting. The most commonly available sources are Metal Halide (MH), compact
fluorescent (CFL), and Light Emitting Diode (LED), the latter being the most efficient. Yellow
light sources such as High Pressure Sodium (HPS), Low Pressure Sodium (LPS), and
Mercury Vapor shall not be used for pedestrian lighting due to poor color rendering.

Lighting Intensities
The following levels of illumination, measured in footcandles, shall be the recommended minimum
for each of the specific locations:

a. Building Entrances: 5.0 fc
b. Sidewalks/Pedestrian Walks: 2.0 fc
c. Bikeways: 1.0 fc
d. Courts/Plazas/Quadrangles: 1.5 fc
e. Stairs & Ramps: 5.0 fc
f. Waiting Areas: 1.0 fc
g. Parking Lots: 1.5 fc
h. Streets: 1.5 fc

e. Fences, Walls and Gates
Porous fences shall be placed around the perimeter of the Campus. However, none shall be
installed around individual buildings inside the Campus as these hinder the image of having an
open university readily accessible by the students and faculty. Instead, informal fencing by way of
plant hedges and landscaped berms shall be used to define such boundaries.

Fences shall be allowed only on the outer periphery of all campus sites. No fence shall
separate one college unit from the other or one land-use area from the other.
Gates shall be recessed to a minimum of five (5) meters, towards the interior property,
providing free and unimpeded movements along sidewalks and roads.
Fences and wall designs and material are subject to design approval by the Campus Architect.
Gates can only be built at the vehicular entrances and exits to provide as checkpoint.

f. Drainage and Irrigation

Site drainage shall accommodate efficient movement of surface water across pavement, turf or
planting beds toward an inlet or drainage system; or allow subsurface water movement through the
soil to a drainage system. Alternatively, stormwater systems that collect runoff for use in landscape
irrigation shall be considered.

Access to permanent irrigation systems shall be provided where possible.
Irrigation systems shall be planned on external taps and not taken off building water systems.
Irrigation systems being designed for use in landscape and turf areas around buildings shall
be standardized for ease of maintenance and supply.
When irrigation systems cannot be installed, faucets shall be installed on the outside of
buildings spaced no more than 50 meters on all sides.
The use of stormwater systems such as detention and retention basins for supplemental
irrigation shall be integrated into the campus landscape.

A combination of spray and drip irrigation systems shall be considered for specific areas with
extensive landscaping.

g. Parking /Landscaping of Parking Areas

To minimize the impact of expansive pavement in parking areas, landscape treatments shall
include vegetative canopy and buffering, designed circulation corridors. Additional amenities to
improve the parking, such as drainage swales and detention and retention basins shall also be
incorporated into the design to minimize the volume of stormwater runoff and serve as alternative
sources for landscape irrigation.

Landscaped traffic islands shall be provided, with canopy trees planted every 6-8 parking stalls
for an extensive shade structure.
Trees shall consist of dense, non-fruit bearing, broad-crowned evergreen trees that are
drought tolerant specimens and can withstand the urban impacts of parking lot environments.
Scale of parking areas shall be minimized and shall not impose on the landscape. Organic
parking layouts shall be considered.
Landscape screens and buffers shall be established around the perimeter of parking areas.
If possible, parking lots shall be paved using pervious materials such as unit pavers or porous
asphalt to allow the percolation of surface runoff into the ground.
A system that contributes to the irrigation of parking area landscaping shall be considered,
such as swales, rain gardens, and detention basins that direct, collect, and filter stormwater
runoff from parking lots.

h. Pedestrian Facilities and Bikeways

Pedestrian Walks
A primary walk system shall be developed to promote a pedestrian-friendly campus that is safe,
inviting, and comfortable.

A hierarchy of walks shall be established, with a select few given dominance over minor paths.
Priority shall be given to major pedestrian routes by creating wide sweeping continuous pedestrian
walks. All other pedestrian circulation systems shall be subservient but complementary to the
primary pedestrian walk system. Expected usage and urban design considerations shall determine
a hierarchy of materials and dimensions.

A common palette of materials shall unify the entire campus. The finish, scoring, and connection
details shall be consistent and uniform.

Observe a hierarchy of systems, typology, scale, consistency of materials, and structure of
pedestrian walkways to help define and articulate open spaces and enhance campus
wayfinding.
Separate and distinctive landscaping treatments shall be given for formal walks such as
pedestrian malls and informal walks that follow natural patterns of circulation.
Where there is sufficient space, buffer planting that separates the road from the sidewalk shall
be provided.
Pedestrian walks shall be provided with sufficient lighting for safety and security.
Paved pedestrian entrance areas shall be simple and shall relate to the overall pavement of
open space circulation.
Heavily articulated and patterned pavement shall be used only to enhance Pedestrian Malls,
Plazas, or special features.
Pedestrian crosswalks shall be clearly defined using landscape elements such as lighting,
signage, and distinctive pavement.
Walkways shall be handicapped accessible.
Recommended widths of pedestrian paths are as follows:
a. Major walkway: 3.0 meters
b. Standard walkway: 2.0 meters
c. Minimum walkway: 1.8 meters

d. Campus perimeter walkway: 2.4 meters
e. Combined walkway and bicycle lane: 2.4 meters

Bicycle Routes

A system of on-street bike lanes and off-street shared use paths shall be developed. This bikeway
network shall be planned to be continuous and connect directly to important areas for a convenient
alternative mode of transport inside the campus. Hierarchy and dimensions of bike lanes shall be
determined by usage needs and availability of space.

Main vehicular streets around the campus core shall have bicycle shoulder lanes dedicated for
shared use of bicycles and pedestrians. These on-street bike lanes shall be clearly marked to
guide cyclists and to alert motorists. Minimum width shall be no less than 2.4 meters.
Minor streets where there is inadequate space for a dedicated shoulder bike lane shall be
treated as shared roadways. These shall be clearly marked to guide cyclists and to alert
motorists.
Off-street bike lanes shall be shared use paths for the exclusive use of bicycles and
pedestrians, with a minimum width of 2.4 meters.

Bicycle Parking Zones
Appropriate short-term and long-term bicycle parking facilities shall be made available to the
campus. Bicycle racks are appropriate for short-term use and shall be placed near academic
buildings, dormitories, athletic fields, and other activity centers. Consideration shall be made for
covered and secured bicycle racks, bike lockers, and bicycle storage rooms for long-term use,
especially in or near dormitories.

Where possible, bicycle parking zones shall be integrated with vehicular parking areas.

5.3 OPEN SPACES

a. General

Open spaces provide a sense of place and are key factors in creating a collegiate atmosphere
indicative of higher learning. They serve as areas for learning, research, contemplation, gathering,
study and recreation, as well as habitats for native wildlife.

Open spaces intended for programmed uses such as plazas and athletic fields shall be properly
maintained to encourage discourse and physical activity. Natural open spaces may have little or no
maintenance. The following types of open space are allowable:

Formal
Planned, uniform open spaces, tree-lined, geometric in shape, with relatively flat or controlled
topography. Created as symbolic cores of the campus and designed to be social gathering places
and for passive recreational activities, these are well-defined exterior spaces similar to interior
rooms.

Planned activities in these areas shall be accommodated for with landscape features and site
furnishings and amenities such as signage, lighting, and seating.

Natural
Open spaces whose original physical forms and vegetation are deliberately left as is; areas where
the indigenous natural habitats may be preserved; usually formed. These spaces require little or no
maintenance and may have restricted access especially for areas serving critical functions such as
protected wildlife habitats.

Composite
These are open spaces that are a combination of both formal and natural types. A loosely defined
space may be termed as composite. Examples are park-like settings with an informal character but
are delineated by formal edges.


b. Types of Open Spaces Formal, Natural, Composite

Plazas and Courtyards
Courtyards and plazas shall be located adjacent to building entries to serve as areas for seating
and informal public interaction as well as intellectual exchange and discourse. These shall
communicate a variety of landscape treatments, from being paved to being primarily vegetated.
Each open space may have distinctive characters and design expressions depending on its
purpose or location.

Courtyards and plazas shall be in scale with adjacent buildings and shall reflect their architectural
character. Site furnishings such as lighting and benches shall also complement in order to reinforce
a sense of unified space.

Quadrangles
Quadrangles, open areas formed by the massing of buildings, shall have a more intimate scale
compared to plazas and courtyards but shall have similar provisions for informal activities,
interactions, and gatherings.

Quadrangles shall be appropriately scaled to promote a variety functions. Each quadrangle may
have an individual theme or character based on adjacent buildings but shall be consistent with the
overall campus landscape treatment. Appropriate site amenities and furnishings shall be provided,
as well as plant materials to enhance spatial articulation.

Pedestrian Malls
Major linear pedestrian promenades, Pedestrian Malls shall be located at significant intersections
and connecting points in the campus.

Plazas shall be located at major junctions along pedestrian malls, with important landmarks serving
as termini. Pedestrian malls shall be wide and spacious to accommodate a significant volume of
pedestrians and to facilitate strong directional movement. A shaded promenade shall be achieved
by planting regularly spaced canopy trees flanking wide sweeping lawns.

Special paving materials and patterns may be used to highlight the significance of the pedestrian
mall, and the placement of site furnishings shall reinforce its linear aspects.

Campus Greens
Campus Greens are informal open space corridors that meander through the campus in park-like
settings. Large drifts of tree massing shall define and reinforce Greens edges, screen out adjacent
uses and generally create a very naturalistic open space/park area that is in sharp contrast to the
structured organization of plazas, courtyards, and malls. Flowering trees and a variety of plantings
shall emphasize an arboretum-like display.

Large, expansive lawns shall offset and complement large areas of shade and canopy. Walks shall
be naturalistic and meander through the Greens. Greens can be natural landscape areas or they
can be man-made areas that emulate a natural character.

Green Roofs
Green roofs shall be considered for installation on building systems as these provide several
ecological, economic, aesthetic, and social benefits including the mitigation of urban heat island
effect, reduction of building cooling consumption, and providing an open green space for public
use.

The feasibility of constructing green roofs on structures shall be analyzed on a case by case basis
as the building structural and mechanical systems will limit the ability to implement a green roof
technology on the roong system.

Athletic Field

Athletic fields are key components of the campus fabric and shall be planned and designed to
blend into the campus landscape.

Athletic fields shall be easily accessible from the campus core.
Intermittent trees may be planted along edges of fields to provide shelter from the sun and
wind.
Trees may be planted where large lighting fixtures are installed to reduce their visual impact.
If feasible, athletic fields shall be located and organized to reinforce vistas and views of
important buildings.
Landscaping shall buffer and transition the fields from parking lots and building zones.
Irrigation of turf shall be carried out only when needed and not on a regular schedule.

Landscaping Adjacent to Buildings
Massing of plant materials and size of landscaped areas shall be in scale with adjacent
buildings and shall reinforce architectural elevations. Landscape treatment shall complement
the overall campus landscape character.
Landscape treatment shall consider reinforcement of main entrances, side and back yards.
Placement of trees shall reinforce the architectural elevations.
The layout of trees adjacent to buildings shall ensure that important sight lines shall not be
obstructed.
Service areas and dumpsters shall be screened from public view using plant hedges and
architectural walls.
Small tree species shall not be planted within 1 meter of buildings walls, and walks; large
canopy tree species with a mature height of 15 meters or more shall not be planted within 3
meters of buildings, walls, and walks.

5.4 NATURAL WATER FEATURES

Plantings shall frame and emphasize views of natural water features such as lagoons and creeks.
Natural water bodies and adjoining open spaces shall be developed to create an Urban Wildlife
Habitat.

Water features in visually prominent locations shall be framed and highlighted. Passive recreational
activities may be allowed along the waterfront.
Corridors along creeks and other water bodies shall be reinforced with a landscape buffer
consisting of native, indigenous, or endemic vegetation to provide shelter and sources of food for
wildlife. This buffer shall have a minimum width of 15 meters and a recommended width of 30
meters extending on both sides of the creek.
The creation of detention basins and wetlands that integrate into natural water systems to provide
stormwater treatment shall be evaluated as the need arises.
Preservation of waterways and corresponding wildlife habitats shall be prioritized. The placement of
boardwalks, platforms, and open grass areas for passive recreational and educational activities
shall be allowed but only in select portions.

5.5 URBAN WILDLIFE HABITAT

These are designated zones of forests and wooded areas, waterways, and wetlands which shall serve
as habitats for a variety of wildlife. As such, these areas shall be protected and preserved.

Urban wildlife within the university shall provide a positive natural commodity for the campus. It shall be
a sign of natural health of the campus environment and may provide for different nature-oriented
recreational and educational activities such as hiking and bird-watching. Areas for wildlife preservation
shall be considered during the planning of UP campuses. Areas identified as biological hotspots by
experts shall remain untouched as much as possible.

Four important components shall be present and/or created in the Urban Wildlife Habitat as follows:
! Shelter for wildlife: trees for avian species, tall grasses for insects and small animals,
waterways for marine species.

! Bodies of water: clean, unpolluted drinking water of wildlife species as well as habitats of fish
and amphibians.
! Food: fruits and berries from trees, fish in waterways, insects and small animals under the
avian food chain.
! Place to rear the young: trees, grasslands, and waterways as breeding grounds of birds,
insects, small animals, and fish.

Native, Indigenous, and Endemic Trees and Plants
Native ecology shall be promoted by the protection and planting of native, indigenous, and endemic
species of trees and plants within the campus. The presence of native vegetation will be beneficial to the
environments biodiversity.

Selection of native plant species shall be dependent on existing wildlife and their particular needs for
shelter and food.

5.6 URBAN AGRICULTURE AND TREE-FARMING

a. Land

Open spaces classified as Agricultural Zones shall be used for the production of fresh agricultural
crops to sustain the campus and the local economy. These farms may also be used for educational
and research purposes by the University and its constituents.

Small-scale tree farms may also be developed in designated areas in the campus for harvesting
fruits or timber/pulpwood/firewood. Focus shall be on using multi-purpose tree species and on
integrating these with the overall theme of the campus landscape.

b. Water & Irrigation

Agricultural lands shall have proper soil management and irrigation from a permanent water source.
Detention and retention basins may be located adjacent to or along agricultural lands to serve as
alternate sources of water for irrigation.

Surface waters from nearby rivers and creeks may be used for the irrigation of agricultural
crops, provided a water permit is secured.
Groundwater may be pumped out for irrigation using a treadle or hand-driven pump if the
water table is shallow (less than 7 meters).
Tap water shall not be used for irrigation.
Rainwater harvesting systems such as cisterns and detention ponds shall be considered as
alternative sources of irrigation water.
If possible, drip irrigation systems shall be used for crops to maximize the efficiency of water
usage.

c. Fertilization

A combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers shall be used, depending on the nutritional
requirements of each crop to be planted.
Organic waste collected from the campus community may be used in making compost
materials if the campus has the proper facilities.

d. Tools & Equipment

All tools, supplies, and equipment used in farming and harvesting shall be handled properly and
stored in secure tool sheds.

e. Plant Nurseries

A seedling nursery for native tree species shall be established in each large main UP campus and
shall be the primary source of seedlings for use in the landscaping of campus grounds.


f. Types of Crops to be Grown

The types of crops to be grown shall depend upon the soil and microclimate characteristics present
in the region where the campus is located.

6.0 HISTORIC PRESERVATION

Historic preservation seeks to preserve, conserve and protect the buildings and landscapes. By reusing existing
buildings and landscapes, historic preservation is essentially a recycling program that is essential in understanding
our nations heritage and promoting an environmentally responsible practice. Republic Act No. 10066, known as
the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009, mandates, among others, the protection, preservation, conservation
and promotion of the nations cultural heritage, its properties and histories.

Buildings and sites in University premises with architectural and cultural significance as well as historic value shall
be conserved through regular maintenance and honored with the natural process of decay and its evolution in
time.

For adaptive re-use, contemporary extensions, or alterations on historic buildings, construction must be
compatible with the original structure and its context, and shall be distinguishable from the old so as to protect the
heritage of the structure and its site and landscaped environment. Any variations must not detract from the
propertys integrity and significant features but must act cohesively, respecting and promoting both the new
addition as well as the historic part of the building and site.

All work must be reviewed and approved by the ODPI, the UP System, and relevant government institutions.

Additions and changes to historic buildings are justifiable for the reasons of improvement in functionality, adaptive
re-use, structural retrofitting, economic viability, upgrading of building systems and technology, inclusion of access
and facilities for the disabled and others. Any additions or changes to historic buildings shall require the following:

! Consultancy services of an Architect with a master degree in historic preservation or a related field;
! Preparation of the architectural and cultural significance and physical character of the historic site and
structure;
! Creation of architectural and landscape architectural design guidelines to guide in the rehabilitation,
retrofitting, addition or changes in the historic site and structure.
! Preservation of the significant historical materials and features. The new addition shall not obscure the
defining features of the historic building.
! Preservation of the historical character. The contemporary addition shall be located in a secondary position
and the height shall be in a less noticeable elevation.
! Protection of the historical significance by making a visual distinction between the old and new.
! Approval of the Committee on Monuments and Sites (CMS) of the National Commission on Culture and the
Arts (NCCA), the National Museum and the National Historical Institute. Refer to RA 10066, for the National
Cultural Heritage Act of 2009, An Act Providing for the Protection and Conservation of the National Cultural
Heritage, strengthening the NCCA and its affiliated cultural agencies, and other purposes.

7.0 CIRCULATION GUIDELINES

7.1 GENERAL

University Circulation Guidelines aim to provide a planned access system which favors pedestrians,
cyclists, and transit users, with less emphasis on private automobiles and thereby promoting a less auto-
dominated campus. All circulation routes shall be designed to prevent conflicts among pedestrian,
bicycle, and vehicular traffic, and shall have a mix of uses where appropriate.

! Ensure that the traffic network within the campus is highly connected and has a variety of routes
which may disperse traffic. Create safe and pleasant roadways with narrow lanes to ensure slower
traffic and safe environments for pedestrians and bicyclists. Provide service-oriented streets with

wider lanes at campus boundaries for faster moving traffic. Automobiles should be able to access
all buildings, but not overshadow the environment.
Provide incentives for faculty, staff, and students who utilize university-approved pedestrian,
bicycle, and transit systems instead of private automobiles.

7.2 ROADS/ROUTES

Road connections shall be provided to establish seamless linkages within the University, and between it
and its surrounding sites and roadways. These said connections shall be planned out so as to de-
emphasize pass-through traffic by encouraging the use of major through-roads along or outside the
boundaries of the University property. This is to uphold the efficiency of the campus road system and for
the safety of the campus community. Roadway systems within the property must therefore be carefully
planned, with roads built to accommodate low speeds and non-through road traffic.

Orient drivers into following international rules of traffic, i.e. stop and yield signs at affected roads.
Lessen the number of humps or barriers for a more open and continuous flow of traffic, and empower
the University community into becoming responsible drivers.

The Road Network, with a hierarchy of campus roads and paths allowing for different modes of access
and circulation, shall follow the subsequent guidelines:

University Avenue
! Road colored __________ in the Master Development Plan
! Enhance via planting of endemic and/or indigenous trees, properly-maintained year-round
landscaping, and sufficient solar-powered street lighting.
! Provide bicycle ways and pathwalks, preferably on both sides of the Avenue.
! Allow for use as by both private and public vehicles, especially as transit routes.
! Minimum lane width shall be ________m.

Main Academic Loop
! Road colored __________ in the Master Development Plan
The Loop shall have a greater road capacity to accommodate both private and public vehicle lanes,
as well as separate and properly delineated bicycle lanes.
The Loop shall be a pedestrian-friendly avenue with adequate provision for wider sidewalks,
jogging and bicycle paths, suitable landscaping, street lights and furniture, waiting sheds, etc.
Only Principal Campus Buildings shall be located along and within the Main Academic Loop.
Limit the number of private and public vehicles using the Loop, while still allowing for buildings to be
accessed for loading and unloading purposes, maintenance and other service functions, and
emergencies.
Parking in front of Principal Campus Buildings shall be limited.
Minimum lane width shall be ________m.

Gridiron Roads
! Roads colored __________ in the Master Development Plan
! Academic and Academic-Support structures shall be located alongside these gridiron roads.
! Install warning signals at busy intersections, with appropriate warning signage and lighting for the
safety of all users.

Outlying Roads
! Such roads shall service Residential, Auxiliary, and other building types.
! These shall have a shorter road length and narrower width to encourage low vehicle speeds.

Boundary Roads

! Provide boundary roads in order to address through-traffic with greater speeds, and so as to de-
emphasize vehicular traffic at the campus center.
! Provide lay-bys or intermediate thresholds for emergency purposes.
! Maximum lane width shall be ________m.

*INSERT ROAD PROFILE (row, landscape, utilities, lighting)*

7.3 PEDESTRIAN

The University shall support convenient pedestrian movement throughout its campus. Integration of
current path systems and development of a hierarchical category of walks via use of scale and
dimension shall be considered. A common palette of materials shall be defined, and may be used to
unify the walks. Special materials may be used to articulate major areas or features.

Pedestrian development shall address circulation on three (3) levels:

Pedestrian Network At-grade
! Pathways colored __________ in the Master Development Plan
! Primary pedestrian paths, or formal walks, shall define the Campus Core, with secondary paths
leading to and from it. Primary paths shall have clear and direct routes, maintaining a visual
connection between destinations.
! Wider sidewalks, on both sides of all roads, are recommended for the safety of walkers, and to
avoid overflow pedestrian traffic to utilize roadways.
! Create active pedestrian movement through interesting walkway environments, well-defined open
spaces, and clear wayfinding data.
! Provide marked pedestrian crossings designed as accessible ramps at road intersections and at
mid-blocks, to make pedestrians more visible to drivers. Design for direct connections, linking a
variety of buildings and outdoor areas. Use stop signals and other warning signage, with yield to
pedestrian signs and slower speed limits, at busy crossings.
! Minor or informal walks may follow desire lines, or the natural pattern of circulation, and shall be
subordinate and complementary to the primary pedestrian walk system.
! Design walks to accommodate jogging paths. Specify jogging path material?
! Avoid steep grade changes, lengthy crossing distances, and poor sight distances, as this
discourages use. Maintain the direction and visibility of destinations.
! Pedestrian walkways not along roads shall be paved with natural? materials, or with pavers,
concrete or asphalt, with proper drainage and lighting. Benches may be provided along these
paths. Portions in front of buildings/along transport terminals shall be shaded, to protect
pedestrians from sun and rain while awaiting transportation.
! Properly mark and illuminate all pathways and crossings, with clear signposting and suitable
lighting, for the security and visibility of pedestrians.
! For wider roads with fast traffic, create channelization islands as refuge for pedestrians.
! No pathways shall be used for service activities or as storage facilities.
! Design must comply with the following guidelines/requirements:
Clear width (no tree pits/utilities) of primary paths
Clear width of secondary paths
Clear width of minor paths

Pedestrian Network Above-grade
! Pathways colored __________ in the Master Development Plan
! Bridgeways or skywalks, located above-grade, may be integrated into building design in order to
connect buildings with concurrent uses. Brideway designs, however, shall follow the overall
character and architectural treatment of the building cluster in which it is located. Bridgeways in
existing buildings may be added, provided it does not detract from the buildings character, and that
the connection point has been mutually agreed upon.
! Integrate above-grade walks into the overall circulation system in the University. (ie. building to
building bridgeways, overpass terminating to sidewalks), and link these into other pedestrian
circulation systems for a smooth transition.
! Avoid designing bridgeways if these may degrade the historic character of the campus site.

! Design bridgeways as covered pedestrian passageways, wherever possible, to shield from
inclement weather.
! Provide appropriate lighting throughout the entire length of the passageway.
! No bridgeway shall be used as a storage facility.
! Link bridgeways to developments at-grade via a combination of appropriate stairways, landings,
and ramps. Linkages shall not interfere with the clear measurements of the pedestrian network.
! Bridgeways shall be accessible to all pedestrians, bicyclists, and persons with disabilities.
!
! Design must comply with the following guidelines:
Clear width
Clear height
Clearance from street surface
to bottom of bridge

" Width 3.5 meters minimum interior clearance
" Height 2.5 meters minimum interior height
" Clearance 5 meters minimum

easements
Width 3.5 meters minimum interior clearance
Height 2.5 minimum height of a covered passageway
Lighting Lighting should be provided along the passageway to illuminate the area

Pedestrian Network Below-grade
! Pathways colored ___________ in the Master Plan
! Underground passageways shall be permitted in the University, provided these are necessary to
improve the pedestrian network within the campus, especially if needed to provide safe passage for
pedestrians crossing busy roads.
! Connect this type of pathway to different levels of pedestrian circulation at points approved by the
University.
! Design of below-grade passageways shall follow the overall character and architectural treatment
of the parcel in which it is located. Create displays along walls to encourage use and allow for a
more interesting walk.
! Provide suitable lighting (natural lighting if possible) and ventilation throughout the entire length of
the underground passageway. Use durable materials
! Address water runoff from ground level with proper drainage and waterproofing.
! Link underground passageways to developments at-grade via a combination of appropriate
stairways, landings, and ramps. Linkages shall not interfere with the clear measurements of the
pedestrian network.
! Design must comply with the following guidelines:
Clear width
Clear height
Clearance from street surface
to bottom of bridge

" Width 3.5 meters minimum width and subject to traffic flow analysis
" Height 2.5 meters minimum height
" Signage Clear signage indicating exits and the names or locations of where those
exits emerge should be provided

7.4 BICYCLE

The University shall encourage the use of bikes as a major mode of transportation within the whole
campus. Existing cycling facilities shall be improved, and new developments planned with safe and
effective bicycle circulation in mind.


! Design bicycle paths to be as direct, continuous and pleasant as possible without numerous stops
or detours, reducing travel time and exposure to inclement weather, thereby encouraging use and
dissuading bicyclists from using less safe routes.
! Avoid steep grade changes as this discourages use.
! Segregate cyclists from automobile traffic. For roads which are too narrow to add bicycle lanes,
provide separate but direct, safe and pleasant routes.
! Separate cyclists from pedestrian traffic, though common paths may be considered in instances
where roads cannot accommodate bicycle lanes.
! Mark/stripe bicycle lanes to increase the visibility of paths and to reduce confusion (auto vs bike)
! Provide ramps at above-grade bridgeways/skywalks to allow for bicyclists use.
! For wide and busy roads, provide bicycle lanes on the left side of right turn lanes to avoid conflict
with turning vehicles/merging motor traffic.
! Install appropriate stop/yield/etc signage and lighting at major junctions to aid both automobile
driver and bicyclists in traversing roads. Automobiles shall give way to cyclists and pedestrians.
Cyclists shall give way to pedestrians.
! Provide secure bicycle parking with changing areas, if possible. Locate said facilities close to
building entrances or inside buildings without the need to carry bikes up any steps.
! Provide bicycle rental and repair centers.
! Link in-campus cycle routes to major cycling routes outside the campus.
! Install adequate planting/landscaping for a pleasurable micro-climate, without sacrificing visibility
and security.

7.5 VEHICULAR

The University shall be serviced by both private vehicles and public transit systems, without these
dominating the environment. Vehicular circulation schemes shall address both the public and private
systems.

a. Public Transit Systems
! All entrances to the campus shall have public transport infrastructure, ideally with a Transit
Center at the main gateway.
! Amend transit stops and routes as further developments regarding parking garages to ensure
convenient usage by parkers.
! Integrate in-campus transit systems with existing and proposed/future regional transportation
networks.
! Explore newer public utility vehicles, such as electric cars and monorails. Appraise and update
transit systems every few years.

Transit systems may include the following:

Public Utility Jeepneys
! For transportation to and around the campus. Jeepney routes should be specified depending
on the campus's ridership demands.
! Terminals should be established for orderly travel, as well as for the safety of commuters.

Monorail or Tram systems
! Monorail and tram systems to be constructed within the campus should have adequate
terminals. Stops should be strategically planned throughout the campus to ensure orderly
travel within and out of the campus.
! Tracks should not be obstructive to the regular vehicular flow within the roads of the campus.
! Pedestrian safety should not be obstructed by the systems.

Buses or Shuttles
! For campuses with relatively high populations.
! Timed shuttle services may be established in and around the campus for more comfortable
and efficient travel.

Public Utility Tricycles

! For campuses with relatively small populations.
! For transportation around the campus. These vehicles must work in compliance with the
campus location's LGU.

b. Private Vehicle Access

UP campuses are known for their openness to the public. Certain amenities like open spaces and
recreational areas are accessible to people outside the UP community. Nevertheless, vehicular
access within the campus should be properly maintained to avoid heavy traffic as well as for
security purposes.

! Gates leading into the campus should be equipped with proper security. Portals or guard
houses should be provided to indicate the campus's boundary. The portals should indicate that
the person entering is going into an academic institution.
! The main gate/s shall be established at the campuss main entrance. These gates shall be the
only ones that are completely accessible to all vehicles except for trucks carrying heavy load.
! Common gates (usually found at the rear and sides of the campus) shall adopt a No sticker,
no entry policy. This requires private vehicles to present a validated ID or car sticker in order
to gain entry via common gates. Only the students, faculty, and staff may be able to access
these gates.
! Delivery vans and large trucks are not permitted inside the campus unless granted permission
by the Declarant.
! Private vehicles with a load capacity of _______ are not permitted to enter the campus unless
given permission by the Declarant.

! Vehicles traveling in the inner campus areas shall not travel at a speed greater than 5
mph.
! Vehicles traveling or parking inner campus shall be kept in good working order, so as not
to leak hazardous materials such as, gasoline, oil, diesel, or anti-freeze on inner campus
roadways, walkways, or sidewalks.
! Vehicles parking inner campus shall not park in stalls, or any portion thereof, marked for
specific purposes, without permission from the University Police (state vehicle stalls,
handicapped stalls, Facility Management stalls).
! Vehicles parking inner campus shall not park in such a manner as to block, obstruct,
impede, or delay any emergency vehicle.
! Vehicles parking near buildings shall not block or obstruct any doorway, driveway, or
portion thereof.(California State University Loading and Unloading Rules)

c. Loading and Unloading Requirements

Public Transportation

Loading and unloading bays shall be provided in areas near institutions with the most number of
classes taken by the whole student body (e.g. Math subjects) as well as areas with large expected
number of commuters boarding and alighting (e.g. colleges with the largest populations).

Loading and unloading out of these designated areas (particularly for jeepneys) are allowed as long
as the vehicle does not obstruct traffic.

Red Routes may also be established if the need arises. These are roads wherein vehicles are not
permitted to stop, or even go into hazard mode. This state is reserved for areas where traffic is too
heavy to be obstructed by vehicles loading or unloading passengers.

Areas wherein loading and unloading are not allowed include the following:
! Intersections, and less than 5 meters from an intersection
! Frontages of main campus buildings
! Pedestrian crossings



Delivery and Services

Loading and unloading shall involve only the following: transferring of goods to and from the
vehicle; having the condition of the goods checked, obtaining the acknowledgment and delivery
receipts, signatures, and documents; and eventually returning to the vehicle to move it away from
the loading bay. Waiting for the items to be neatly arranged in the unloading premises is not part of
this process.
As much as possible, the process of loading and unloading must be done quickly and without
unnecessary delays. Each vehicle is given a fixed amount of time to load and unload, but as soon
as it is finished, even though the allotted time has not been exceeded, the driver and other delivery
personnel may no longer linger in the premises, nor should they leave the vehicle parked on the
loading bay to go elsewhere. Under no circumstances may the vehicle be permitted to stay on the
loading bay after the loading and unloading has been accomplished.

8.0 WAYFINDING GUIDELINES

8.1 GENERAL

Enhance the use of the circulation network by even unfamiliar users through accurate wayfinding data.
Use standardized signages, signboards and signposts which are of high quality throughout the entire
campus. Aside from signages, improve the landmarks and environmental features of the University in
order to assist users with orientation and navigation, to identify places of interest, and to promote a
sense of community.

8.2 EXTERIOR WAYFINDING ELEMENTS

The exterior signage network must be able to address the needs of pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicular
users. Exterior wayfinding elements must generally show the following details:
! Maps
! Major walking, bicycling, and public and private transport routes and centers.
! Types of transportation to take to reach destinations.
! Information on time and distance to reach destinations.
! Historic/cultural sites, major buildings, major origins and destinations
! Community services/facilities, major car parks
! Construction/physical infrastructure issues

Pedestrian signage
! Provide signage with detailed and contextual maps showing information on buildings, landmarks,
areas of interest, pathways and street names including side streets, and alternative pedestrian
routes. Areas of interest include medical facilities, shopping strips, and tourist attractions.
! Include data and directional signage on pathways, alternative walks, and access and walking time
between destinations for regular reminders and validation.
! Evaluate worn or rough paths, which indicate routes that are popular to pedestrians, and formalize
and improve them.
! Clearly mark major roads and intersections, with maps with imagery, colors and legends.
! Show locations of public transport terminals, transport routes, and links to the nearest crossings
and public facilities (toilets, etc.).
! Show orientation data in transport terminals, for wayfinding of pedestrians after leaving a PUV..

Cyclist signage
! Consider travel speed of cyclists and provide easy to read finger-pointer signs at street level.
! Provide information on distance to travel and approximate time to reach a destination.
! Include data and directional signage on alternative routes or off-road paths.

Vehicular signage
!


8.3 INTERIOR WAYFINDING ELEMENTS

The interior signage network shall address wayfinding within University buildings. This shall include
indoor maps and building directories..

8.4 WAYFINDING SPECIFICATIONS

! Provide a consistent signage system, following campus standards with respect to hierarchy of
signs, street sign height, size, material, format, letter font, letter size, and color coding. Maps shall
include symbols, graphics and pictures for better recall.
! Signs and maps shall be of superior quality, and unified with the overall architectural character of
the campus.
! Locate signs at predictable sites, like intersections and public transport terminals. Avoid locating
next to existing street furniture and accessible paths.
! Differentiate pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicular signage to avoid confusion.
! Use public art/sculptures as vertical trail markers to mark major sites in the University, i.e. Colleges,
gateways, open spaces, etc.
! Place uniform outdoor furniture and fixtures (i.e. benches, lighting, etc.) to signify if still within
campus grounds.

8.5 PROVISION FOR SPECIAL NEEDS USERS

The University wayfinding program shall follow BP344 rules on wayfinding for disabled persons.
Tactile surfaces on streets should be provided to aid the visually-challenged in locating transition places,
pedestrian crossings, changes in elevation and direction, and other relevant places such as bus stops
and information counters.

9.0 PARKING DESIGN GUIDELINES

9.1 GENERAL

Develop an efficient parking system which will help decrease private car use especially within the
campus center, and in turn promote sustainable transport by increasing transit use, pedestrian and
bicycle traffic.

! Provide adequate parking. To assist local businesses, short-term metered parallel parking should
be provided along busy commercial streets. University buildings should have adjacent low-cost
parking areas. Within the vicinity of public transit centers, long-term parking structures will be
beneficial.

9.2 PARKING PROVISIONS AND DESIGN

Parking areas within the University shall be designed to minimize conflict between the pedestrian group
and the vehicular group. Linkages between parking areas and pedestrian walkways are encouraged,
which shall also be well-connected to transport access.

! Avoid excessive number of independent parking lots; instead, merge several parking areas into one
structure in order to preserve land and provide more open space.
! All parking above ground shall be visually screened with approved architectural and/or landscape
architectural treatment. Parking structure side openings shall be covered with grills or similar
treatment of no more than 50% open and/or transparent in area.
! Provide a sufficient quantity of trees and vegetation on all surface parking lots and adjacent
sidewalks or pedestrian paths.
! Provide free parking at the edges of the campus, making sure that there are available efficient
public transit systems from said parking areas going to sites inside and within the campus.
! Ensure that the parking areas are in close proximity to mixed-use venues to encourage use by a
variety of customers and for a vibrant campus life.

! Install short- and long-term metered parking with hourly rates and flat rates, respectively, to
encourage use of cheaper public transit systems.
! Offer free private parking for University faculty and staff.

There are three (3) possible parking types in the campus:

Parking Lots/ Structures
! Locate major parking areas/structures preferably near main gateways, major roads, and transit
centers.
! Accommodate the maximum number of slots as the space would allow.
! May be used as venues for University events and other public uses when not needed for parking.
! Landscape
! Lighting
! Bicycle parking

On-street Parking
! Allow for short-term on-street parking where needed.
! Identify areas for metered short-term on-street parking along commercial establishments to ensure
a continuous flow of customers.

Off-street Parking structures/Basement parking
! Replace surface car parks with convenient long-term off-street parking in central locations or at
mid-blocks to allow for a park-once concept, with several errands completed at one time as a
pedestrian.

Accessible Parking
! In accordance with Accessibility Law
! Shall be clearly marked and signposted

a. The dimensions for standard parking space, loading/unloading bays and lay-bys are as follows:
b. The first five (5) meters of entrance and exit ramps to car parks abutting sidewalks shall have a
slope of not greater than one percent (1%) five percent (5%). No portion of either the entrance or
exit ramp shall intrude into the sidewalk pavement.

10.0 CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES

10.1 GENERAL

Construction efforts in the university shall trigger a reduction of the negative impacts of the construction
of buildings on its surroundings, such as resource depletion, environmental degradation, and unhealthy
built environments.

! Promote the comfort, safety, and well-being of its users through the use of environmentally
sustainable practices.
! Maintain a dynamic and interdependent relationship between the natural and built environments,
covering all processes from pre-construction planning to post-construction operation and
maintenance.
! Encourage a cyclic process within the construction industry, wherein energy, material, and other
resources used in construction projects are renewed and reused, instead of immediately turning
into discharge waste.

10.2 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES

a. Whole Life Cycle Thinking

Build structures that shall last a generation, with proper planning and funding of systems, in order to
eliminate the need for constant repair or replacement. Focus on the life cycle cost of buildings

comparing a material or systems initial cost, operation, and disposal over time with another
material or systems life cycle. Avoid first-cost analysis as this does not consider the lifespan of said
material/system and may be less expensive at the beginning but cause undue expenses in the
long-term. For any building system or component, consider annual maintenance, repair, and energy
costs, plus its salvage value.

b. Alternative construction techniques/concepts

Develop alternative technologies that shall assist in the production of sustainable structures.
Expand on conventional construction methods, and use strategies that shall make buildings more
economical, more durable, and more energy-efficient. New buildings as well as existing ones
scheduled for renovation, for example, shall be fitted out with appropriate technology which
promotes high standards of environmental conservation.

c. Alternative Materials and Technologies

Reduce total pollution and energy levels used by specifying local, natural, and non-toxic materials.
Opt for rapidly renewable materials, and avoid those which are manufactured using methods which
contribute to pollution, hazardous contamination, and waste production. Purchase locally-produced
building materials to reduce shipping costs and to prevent pollution-generation from the transport of
goods.

d. Design for deconstruction

Moderate the overall life-cycle cost of buildings by designing structures which are flexible and may
serve a different use from what is originally intended, may easily receive additions or alterations,
and may be easily taken apart with its materials reused or recycled. Designing for deconstruction is
best done for temporary facilities and minor/support structures.

e. Procurement Process

Purchase materials which produce minimal construction waste, avoid those which have excessive
packaging, and use recycled and renewable materials. If possible, formulate agreements wherein
products are delivered in returnable containers and where suppliers buy back unused items.
Ensure that damaged materials are replaced to prevent immediate waste on site.

f. Construction Waste Reduction

Reduce waste and toxic by-products by researching on and implementing recycling and salvage
programs. Allocate storage for construction refuse such as concrete pieces, broken blocks of
masonry, sawdust, cleared landscape, etc. and reuse these as fillers, backfill, mulching for
landscape, and others.

10.3 CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES

Construction guidelines shall prioritize creating built environments which restore and improve damaged
environments. The Construction Group/Contractor/Unit shall:

Pre-Construction
Includes the procurement process, project logistics and costing, quantity surveying, client coordination,
and user requirements identification.
! Provide a logistics plan detailing the facilities and services, the organization with proper
identification of contractors and staff/workers, and implementation policies to be used during
construction. Ensure that construction and operational strategies have minimum impact on adjacent
areas and the overall environment of the campus.
! Provide safety guidelines and controls, as well as equipment for the protection of workers and
visitors and to avoid accidents and environmental degradation at the construction site.
! Provide an emergency plan as preparation for accidents, fire, typhoons, earthquakes, and other
emergencies. Specify in detail the work activity shutdown process, evacuation strategies,

authorized personnel, authorized contact numbers, and notification instructions of relevant
government institutions.
! All documents as required above shall be submitted to and approved by the Office of Design and
Planning Initiatives through the Office of the Campus Architect.

Construction
Includes on-site construction process, supply and management of construction materials, recycling and
management of construction waste.
! Submit regular reports and schedule coordination meetings with the OCA throughout the course of
construction.
! Coordinate material and equipment deliveries, especially those with sizeable loads, with the OCA
and take only authorized routes on scheduled dates as specified by the University. Unsanctioned
deliveries shall be denied entry to the campus. Heavy equipment (i.e. cranes) shall be
supplemented by an installation plan/layout, certifying that no disturbance shall occur on adjacent
roads and sites.
! Park vehicles at designated parking or holding areas only. Construction vehicles shall not disrupt
the free flow of traffic at any point in the campus, unless given permission by the OCA. Illegally
parked vehicles shall be penalized accordingly.
! Provide temporary protection for existing structures, landscape and utilities, and complete
construction without doing damage to said components. Repairs or replacement, if any, shall be
shouldered by the responsible party.
! Supply and maintain temporary facilities/services as assistance for staff and workers. These shall
include:
! Office/s
! Canteen
! Toilets
! Sewage and waste disposal facilities, i.e. sewage holding tanks and waste collection
receptacles, which shall be regularly cleared out according to current legal and environmental
regulations on disposal
! Clinic or first-aid station
Site accommodations and mobile food vendors shall not be allowed onsite, unless approved by the
OCA.
! Maintain cleanliness at all times. For delays in construction, site shall be preserved in an orderly
and uncluttered manner, removing any excess landscape growth.
! Clear all debris and pollutants from construction vehicles/equipment before leaving the site. Any
construction debris left outside the site shall be cleaned by the responsible party.
! Regulate the presence of pests at all areas of the site, including adjacent site boundaries, through
natural pest control measures.
! Report all onsite accidents to the OCA and relevant government institutions. Submit a full report,
investigate the cause of the accident, and take measures to avoid further undue situations. Any
fatalities or major incidents shall be grounds for termination of contract.
! Source cut-and-fill materials from legal entities and dispose of said materials appropriately.
! Store construction materials in weather-proof storage spaces to prevent loss due to weather

Post-Construction
Includes demolition of temporary facilities, maintenance and operations, and life cycle cost analysis.
! Remove all temporary facilities/services, vehicles, equipment, and waste upon project completion.
Failure to remove said items shall incur penalties, to be determined by the OCA of each constituent
university.
! Store materials which may be reused for future projects. Put up for sale all unusable materials and
use proceeds to fund future programs.

10.4 SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES

a. Carbon Reduction Charter

Carry out and promote carbon auditing practices with a view to reducing carbon emissions.


Tree-planting Activities
! Offset carbon emissions by organizing tree-planting activities on-campus.
! Request from contractors of university projects to donate trees as part of the Corporate
Environmental Responsibility. (i.e. Plant one tree for every 100sqm of building area.)

Siteworks
! Take out topsoil at start of construction. Store in a sheltered location and put back at end of
construction.
! No organic matter shall be buried. All organic matter shall be taken out and deposited in the
solid waste management area.

b. Clean Air Charter

This charter is mandated by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR),
Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC), Department of Trade and Industry
(DTI), Department of Energy (DOE), and the local government units (LGU).

Strict compliance to the charter should be observed within the campus to lessen air pollution.

! Vehicles found to be smoke-belching shall not be allowed entry to the University.
!

c. Clean Campus Mandate

! Supply recycling receptacles throughout the campus.
!

d. Technology Transfer

Raise awareness throughout the University through leadership by example and implementation of
sustainable construction practices. Include said practices in the curricula and ensure that transfer of
technology is continuous. Ensure that succeeding practitioners are well-informed and well-trained
on sustainable construction methods, and assess and update these methods as new technology
becomes available. Develop continued professional education courses on sustainable construction
for practicing professionals, and training programs on new construction techniques and
technologies for construction workers. Hold seminars and workshops with professionals related to
the construction industry, and spread information through media. Involve the alumni, non-
government organizations, and other government units in policy development.

10.5 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATIONS

Campus stewardship does not end when the project construction ends, but continues until the
maintenance and operations of new and existing facilities. The University shall support its M&O group
via steady funding of its programs and the proper sourcing of tools and knowledgeable and well-trained
staff. This shall go as far as including M&O staff in the design processcollating input on cost-effective
and efficient building systems, material and equipment selection and its effect on maintenance and
operations, and input on campus-wide requirements and concernsfor new building designs and
campus projects.

Generally, the M&O group shall:
! Pursue maintenance and operations conservation strategies which address not only cost efficiency,
but also matters such as user safety, health, and comfort.
! Ensure that all components of each building are maintained by priority, from exterior to interior, i.e.
building roof, openings/windows, walls, space conditioning, lighting systems, finishes, equipment,
furniture, etc. in that order.

a. Preventive Maintenance


The goal for every maintenance program is to consistently assess building systems, emphasize
prevention of failures, and extend the life of each building and its components, rather than merely
executing reactive maintenance for when systems break down.

Preventive Maintenance Program
! Inventory and assessment Record information on every building and the condition/
performance of its systems using consistent inspection methods. Data gathered shall be used
in the planning, prioritization, and cost estimates of maintenance projects. Update the
inventory regularly. Include information on:
! Building facilities and basic information
! Age, usage, location, warranty information, and model type of equipment or system
! Condition and functional performance of building systems based on a standardized scale
! Rate of deterioration of building systems based on a standardized scale
! Diagnostic tools used and specialists involved in the building audit
! Maintenance deficiencies and safety violations
! Date/s of previous inspection/s and timetable of next inspections
! Project ranking and cost evaluation Identify priority preventive maintenance projects and
coordinate scheduling with general and emergency maintenance plans. Criteria for ranking
shall be the following:
! Occupant safety
! Project cost (using life-cycle costing, See Section 10.2.a)
! Environmental concerns
! Building and safety codes and standards
! Repair or replacement comparison of gains
! Long- and short-term planning Develop a long-term 10-year facility plan to meet the overall
needs of the University: Define facilities and maintenance goals for each unit based on the
organization and community served, appraise existing facilities and identify future systems
needed for improvement, list identified futures systems and provide alternatives with
corresponding costs, and identify current and reserve funds.
Define also short-term annual facility plans: This shall be an outcome of the long-term plan,
wherein the annual budget and its related maintenance projects for the year shall be identified.
! Framework and scheduling of projects Prepare a framework for the preventive maintenance
program, with specific systems assigned to different individuals or departments, and a sole
individual/department responsible for all coordination work. Develop a checklist of major
equipment/tasks to monitor, with a timetable to ensure these are performed in scheduled
intervals. Develop also written procedures for the servicing of key systems.
! Tools for optimization Use a work-order system to process and control maintenance work:
Job requests may either be part of the maintenance program (planned) or come from building
users (unplanned), and a work-order system guarantees that all requests are organized and
addressed. Other tools, such as maintaining efficient records, assessing current programs,
and communicating effective programs to constituent universities, shall lead to enhanced
service.
! Maintenance staff training Advance competence and productivity by affording regular
training for maintenance staff, with focus on duties performed, job safety, and improvement of
technical skills. Train maintenance managers in facilities management, with focus on
personnel supervision, budgeting and financing, legal requirements compliance, and effective
application of programs.
! Decision-making Include M&O personnel in the design stage to help identify maintenance
needs, options for effective facility components, and initial purchase cost vs. future
maintenance or replacement cost of each building system. Update University officials on
projects headed by the M&O team, with summary information on maintenance costs and
alternatives to failing facilities, to ensure informed and cost-effective management decisions.

Preventive Maintenance Checklist
Prevent the need for costly repairs by conducting routine maintenance on all assets, equipment,
and facilities in both interior and exterior environments in the campus. Programs must continually
be modernized based on the latest preventive maintenance practices and products. Include the
following in the checklist:
! Building envelope and structural systems

- Roofing shall be inspected at least twice a year, especially after severe storms.
Roof drains shall be cleared of debris,
! Architectural fixtures and finishes
! Computers and office equipment
! Ventilation and Air Conditioning
! Water Heating and plumbing systems
! Drainage and canal systems
! Lighting and electrical systems
! Kitchen
! Swimming Pools
! Landscaping
! and others

b. Operational Efficiency

Energy-efficient building operations, or those operations which use only as much energy as needed
to accomplish its intended function, chiefly result in a decrease in utility failures/wastes and
operating costs, an increase in building value and user comfort, and a significant contribution to
resource conservation. Each constituent University, therefore, should employ an operational
efficiency program which shall improve the conditions of existing buildings and equip future
structures with the right tools to maximize energy use.

Operational Efficiency Program
! Management goals Establish goals for the management of building operations, such as the
development of an energy accounting system for measuring energy efficiency in buildings, and
the creation, plus implementation, of modernization targets.
! Energy accounting: operational- and asset-rating systems Depending on the stage of the
building, use (1) an operational-rating system for existing/occupied buildings to track the
efficiency rating based on actual usage when used in the current capacity, taking into
consideration its utility bills, measurement of the building in square meters, and other
additional information; or (2) an asset-rating system for new/about-to-be-occupied buildings
to estimate the best usage, and calculate how energy systems can save energy if run most
efficiently. Strong ratings shall mean high savings in energy, therefore high savings in cost.
Poor ratings shall require an improvement on the current building systems.
! Staffing, training, and partnerships Assign energy managers, preferably those with technical
backgrounds, to implement the Universitys operational efficiency program and to
communicate with officials and personnel regarding the importance of energy-efficient building
operations. Provide energy management and diagnostic equipment training to staff to further
their skills/knowledge. Assign staff to orient and partner with the primary operators/end-users
of energy-consuming equipment regarding the proper operation of the systems.
! Building performance tracking and assessment After the accounting or review of existing
systems, determine any need for improvement. For both new and old systems, establish the
proper sequence of operations and control strategies, and define baseline settings. Document
any disparities when compared with the set policies.
! Technology Invest in computerized energy management control systems, diagnostic
tools/trend logs, portable electronic dataloggers, and calibration equipment for data-gathering,
troubleshooting/detection of energy-wasting defects, and improvement of building operations.
Replace old equipment and systems with new and efficient technology, and aim to produce
renewable energy on-site.

Operational Efficiency Checklist
Include the following in the checklist:
! Energy
! Lighting
! Water
! Ventilation and air conditioning
! Indoor Environmental Quality ventilation and thermal comfort, moisture control,
daylighting and lighting controls, low-emitting materials, integrated pest management
! Computers

! Office Equipment
! Kitchen Equipment

! Landscaping and street lighting
! Utilities and waste management
! Transport systems and services

! Material and Equipment Durability
Serviceability material is performing its intended function without degradation (i.e. exterior
Reduce electricity/energy and water consumption and operating costs by
! Post-occupancy Evaluations
! Monitoring
Perform regular check-ups and monitor electrical consumption and other components of buildings
to ensure safety and prevent.
! Supplies

11.0 UP CAMPUS MASTER PLAN

The UP Campus Master Plan (UPCMP) shall include an in-depth discussion of campus specific issues, covering
an overview of the Campus Site, its Academic Programs and corresponding space requirements, the existing
Land Use Plan and Site Development Plans, and the existing facilities Site, Architectural, Engineering/Utilities,
and Landscape. This shall be followed by the proposed projects for the campus Site, A&E, Landscape, new
buildings, renovation works, and others patterned after the Development/design Principles and Performance
Requirements discussed in this master document. (See Appendix --- for UPCMP Outline)

END OF VOLUME I

VOLUME II UP DILIMAN CAMPUS MASTER PLAN

The purpose of Volume II and the succeeding volumes is to provide design guidance and further details for the future
development and improvement of each campus, following the planning principles and design guidelines as stated in Volume
I.

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