UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES

COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
P!ers !" Administrative A#en$ies
1. Ouas-egsatve power / Power of subordnate egsaton
2. Ouas-|udca power/Power of ad|udcaton
3. Determnatve powers (Note: Senator Nepta Gonzaes cas them
incidental powers)

%e&niti!n !" '()asi*le#islative p!er'
It s the authorty deegated by the aw-makng body to the
admnstratve body to adopt rues and reguatons ntended to carry
out the provsons of a aw and mpement egsatve pocy.
%istin$ti!ns +eteen ()asi*le#islative p!er and le#islative
p!er
1. LEGISLATIVE power nvoves the dscreton to determne what the
aw sha be. OUASI-egsatve power ony nvoves the dscreton to
determne how the aw sha be enforced.
2. LEGISLATIVE power CANNOT be deegated. OUASI-egsatve power
CAN be deegated.
Tests !" %ele#ati!n ,applies t! the p!er t! pr!m)l#ate
administrative re#)lati!ns -
1. COMPLETENESS test. Ths means that the aw must be compete n
a ts terms and condtons when t eaves the egsature so that
when t reaches the deegate, t w have nothng to do but to
enforce t.
2. SUFFICIENT STANDARD test. The aw must oher a sumcent
standard to specfy the mts of the deegates authorty, announce
the egsatve pocy and specfy the condtons under whch t s to
be mpemented.
%e&niti!n !" ()asi*.)di$ial P!er
It s the power of admnstratve authortes to make
determnatons of facts n the performance of ther omca dutes and to
appy the aw as they construe t to the facts so found. The exercse of
ths power s ony ncdenta to the man functon of admnstratve
authortes, whch s the enforcement of the aw.
%eterminative P!ers
1.ENALIN! powers
Those that PERMIT the dong of an act whch the aw undertakes to
reguate and woud be unawfu wthout government approva.
Ex. Issuance of censes to engage n a partcuar busness.
2.DIRECTIN! powers
Those that nvove the correctve powers of pubc utty commssons,
powers of assessment under the revenue aws, reparatons under
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
pubc utty aws, and awards under workmens compensaton aws,
and powers of abstract determnaton such as denton-vauaton,
casscaton and fact ndng
3. DISPENSIN! powers
Exemped by the authorty to exempt from or reax a genera
prohbton, or authorty to reeve from an amrmatve duty. Its
dherence from censng power s that dspensng power sanctons a
devaton from a standard.
4. SUMMAR" powers
Those that appy compuson or force aganst person or property to
ehectuate a ega purpose wthout a |udca warrant to authorze such
acton. Usuay wthout notce and hearng.
Ex. Abatement of nusance, summary destrant, evy of property of
denquent tax payers
5. E#UITALE powers
Those that pertan to the power to determne the aw upon a partcuar
state of facts. It refers to the rght to, and must, consder and make
proper appcaton of the rues of equty.
Ex. Power to appont a recever, power to ssue n|unctons
/inds !" Administrative Re#)lati!ns
DISTINCTIONS LEGISLATIVE INTERPRETATIVE
1. Capacty that
admnstratve agency
s actng n
Legsatve |udca
2. What admnstratve
agency s dong
It suppements the
statute by ng n
the detas
It says what the
statute means
3. Force and ehect Legsatve
reguatons have the
force and ehecr of
aw mmedatey
upon gong nto
ehect. Such s
accorded by the
courts or by express
provson of statute.
Merey persuasve/
Receved by the
courts wth much
respect but not
accorded wth naty
Re0)isites !" a Valid Administrative Re#)lati!n
1. Its promugaton must be authorzed by the egsature.
2. It must be wthn the scope of the authorty gven by the egsature.
3. It must be promugated n accordance wth the prescrbed
procedure.
4. It must be reasonabe
Need "!r Previ!)s N!ti$e and 1earin#
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
1. General Rule: Admnstratve rues of GENERAL appcaton do NOT
requre prevous notce and hearng.
2. Exception: When the egsature tsef requres t and mandates that
the reguaton sha be based on certan facts as determned at an
approprate nvestgaton.
3. If the reguaton s n ehect a settement of a controversy between
specc partes, t s consdered an admnstratve ad|udcaton,
requrng notce and hearng.
Pres$ri+in# !" Rates
It can be ether:

1. LE!ISLATI$E
If the rues/rates are meant to appy to a enterprses of a gven knd
throughout the country.
No pror notce and hearng s requred.
2. #UASI%&UDICIAL
If the rues and rates mposed appy excusvey to a partcuar party,
based upon a ndng of fact. Pror notce and hearng s requred.
Re0)irement !" P)+li$ati!n
Ad'inistrati(e Re)*lations that MUST +e p*+lished,

1. Admnstratve reguatons of GENERAL appcaton.
2. Admnstratve reguatons whch are PENAL n nature.
Ad'inistrati(e re)*lations that do NOT NEED to +e PULIS-ED,
1. Interpretatve reguatons
2. Interna rues and reguatons governng the personne of the
admnstratve agency.
3. Letters of nstructon ssued by admnstratve superors concernng
gudenes to be foowed by ther subordnates. (Tanada v. Tuvera)
Spe$ial Re0)isites !" a Valid Administrative Re#)lati!n ith a
PENAL san$ti!n
1. The aw tsef must make voaton of the admnstratve reguaton
punshabe.
2. The aw tsef must mpose and specfy the penaty for the voaton
of the reguaton.
3. The reguaton must be pubshed.
Re0)isites "!r Pr!per E2er$ise !" ()asi*.)di$ial P!er
1. |ursdcton
2. Due process
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
Administrative %)e Pr!$ess 3 Re0)irements
1. Rght to Notce, be t actua or constructve
2. Reasonabe opportunty to appear and defend hs rghts and to
ntroduce wtnesses
3. Imparta trbuna wth competent |ursdcton
4. Fndng or decson supported by substanta evdence
E2$epti!ns t! the N!ti$e and 1earin# Re0)irement
1. Urgency of mmedate acton
2. Tentatveness of the admnstratve acton
3. Rght was prevousy ohered but not camed
4. Summary abatement of a nusance per se
5. Preventve suspenson of a pubc servant facng admnstratve
charges
6. Padockng of thy restaurants/theaters showng obscene moves
7. Canceaton of a passport of a person sought for crmna
prosecuton
8. Summary dstrant and evy of propertes of a denquent taxpayer
9. Repacement of a temporary or actng appontee
()esti!ns Reviea+le !n .)di$ial Revie3
1. #*estions o. FACT
The genera rue s that courts w not dsturb the ndngs of
admnstratve agences actng wthn the parameters of ther own
competence so ong as such ndngs are supported by substanta
evdence. By reason of ther speca knowedge, expertse, and
experence, the courts ordnary accord respect f not naty to factua
ndngs of admnstratve trbunas.
/. #*estion o. LA0
Admnstratve decson may be appeaed to the courts ndependenty
of egsatve permsson.
It may be appeaed even aganst egsatve prohbton because the
|udcary cannot be deprved of ts nherent power to revew a
decsons on questons of aw.
%!$trine !" Finalit4
Courts are reuctant to nterfere wth acton of an admnstratve
agency pror to ts competon or naty, the reason beng that absent
a na order or decson, power has not been fuy and nay exercsed,
and there can usuay be no rreparabe harm.
E1CEPTIONS, Interocutory order ahectng the merts of a controversy;
Preserve status quo pendng further acton by the admnstratve
agency; Essenta to the protecton of the rghts asserted from the
n|ury threatened; Omcer assumes to act n voaton of the
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
Consttuton and other aws; Order not revewabe n any other way;
Order made n excess of power
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
%!$trine !" Primar4 .)risdi$ti!n
1. Ths doctrne states that courts cannot or w not determne a
controversy whch requres the expertse, specazed sks and
knowedge of the proper admnstratve bodes because technca
matters of ntrcate questons of fact are nvoved.
2. Reef must rst be obtaned n an admnstratve proceedng before
a remedy w be supped by the court even though the matter s
wthn the proper |ursdcton of a court.
%!$trine !" Pri!r Res!rt
When a cam orgnay cognzabe n the courts nvoves ssues whch,
under a reguatory scheme are wthn the speca competence of an
admnstratve agency, |udca proceedngs w be suspended pendng
the referra of these ssues to the admnstratve body for ts vew.
Note: The doctrnes of prmary |ursdcton and pror resort have been
consdered to be nterchangeabe.
%!$trine !" E2ha)sti!n !" Administrative Remedies
1. Under ths doctrne, an admnstratve decson must rst be
appeaed to the admnstratve superors up to the hghest eve
before t may be eevated to a court of |ustce for revew.
2. Reasons :
a. to enabe the admnstratve superors to correct the
errors commtted by ther subordnates.
b. courts shoud refran from dsturbng the ndngs of
admnstratve. bodes n deference to the doctrne of
separaton of powers.
c. courts shoud not be sadded wth the revew of
admnstratve cases
d. |udca revew of admnstratve cases s usuay ehected
through speca cv actons whch are avaabe ony i. their
is no other plain2 speed3 and ade4*ate re'ed3.
3. Exceptons
a. when the queston rased s p*rel3 le)al2 in(ol(es
constit*tional 4*estions
b. when the admnstratve body s n estopped
c. when act companed of s patentl3 ille)al
d. when there s *r)ent need .or 5*dicial inter(ention
e. when cam nvoved s s'all
f. when irrepara+le da'a)e s nvoved
g. when there s no other plain2 speed3 2 ade4*ate remedy
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UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES
COLLEGE OF LAW
Phi l i ppi ne Admi ni s t r at i v e L a
h. when stron) p*+lic interest s nvoved
I. when the sub|ect of controversy s pri(ate land
5. n 4*o warranto proceedngs
6. When the admnstratve remedy s per'issi(e2 conc*rrent
l. utter disre)ard o. d*e process
'.ong-contnued and unreasonabe dela3
n. amount nvoved s reatvey sma
o. when no admnstratve revew s provded
p. respondent s a department secretary (DOCTRINE OF
OUALIFIED POLITICAL AGENCY - ALTER EGO DOCTRINE)
Substanta evdence - dened to mean not necessary preponderant
proof as requred n ordnary cv cases but such knd of reevant
evdence whch a reasonabe mnd mght accept as adequate to
support a concuson.
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