UNIT-21.

Is done was done (passive 1)

The office is cleaned every day
The office was cleaned yesterday
Compare active and passive
Somebody cleans the office every day (active)
The office is cleaned every day (passive)

Somebody cleaned the office yesterday (active)
The office was cleaned yesterday (passive)

B. The passive is:

Present simple am/is /are (not) + past participle (cleaned, done, invented, built, injured, taken,
etc.)

Past simple was/were (not) + past participle

Butter is made from milk
Oranges are imported into Britain
How often are these rooms cleaned?
I am never invited to parties
This house was built 100 years ago
These houses were built 100 years ago
When was the telephone invented?
We werent invited to the party last week
Was anybody injured in the accident? Yes, two people were taken to hospital

C. was/were born
I was born in London in 1962
Where were you born?

D. passive + by

We were woken up by a loud noise
The telephone was invented by Alexander bell in 1876
My brother was bitten by a dog last week



EXERCISES

21.1 Write sentences from the words in brackets ()
1. The office is cleaned every day
2. Are these rooms cleaned every day?
3. Glass is made from sand
4. Stamps are sold in a post office
5. This rooms isnt used very often
6. Are we allowed to park here?
7. How is this word pronounced?

Sentences 8-15 are past
8. The office was cleaned yesterday
9. The house was painted last month
10. Three people were injured in the accident
11. My bicycle was stolen a few days ago
12. When was this bridge built?
13. Were you invited to the party last week?
14. How were these windows broken?
15. I wasnt woken up by the noise

21.2 correct these sentences

1. This house was built 100 years ago
2. Football is played in most counties of the world
3. Why was the letter sent to the wrong addres?
4. A garage is a place where cars are repaired
5. Where were you born?
6. How many languages are spoken in Switzerland?
7. Somebody broke into our house but nothing was stolen
8. When was the bicycle invented?

21.3 Complete the sentences. Use the passive (present or past) of these verbs
1. The room is cleaned every day
2. I saw an accident yesterday. Two people were taken to hospital
3. Paper is made from wood
4. There was a fire at the hotel last week. Two of the rooms were damaged
5. Where did you get this picture? It was given to me by a friend of mine
6. Many American programmes are shown on British television.
7. Did Jim and Sue go to the wedding? No, they were invited but they didnt go
8. How old is this film? It was made in 1965
9. My car was stolen last week but the next day it was found by the police

UNIT 22. Is being done has been done
(Passive 2)

A. Is/are being (present continuous passive)
Somebody is painting the door. (active)
The door is being painted (passive)

My car is at the garage. It is being repaired (= somebody is repairing it)
Some new houses are being built opposite the park. (= somebody is building them)

Compare the present continuous and present simple
The office is being cleaned at the moment (continuous)
The office is cleaned every day (simple)

In Britain football matches are usually played on Saturday, but
No matches are being played next Saturday.

B. Has/ have been . (present perfect passive)

Somebody has painted the door (active)
The door has been painted (passive)

My key has been stolen (= somebody has stolen it)
My keys have been stolen (= somebody have stolen them)
Im not going to the party. I havent been invited (= nobody has invited me)
Has this shirt been washed? (= Has somebody washed it?)

Compare the present perfect and past simple:
The room is clean now. It has been cleaned (present perrfect)
The room was cleaned yesterday (past simple)

I cant find my keys. I think theyve been stolen (present perfect)
My keys were stolen last week (past simple)

22.1 Whats happening?
1. the car is being repaired
2. A bridge is being built
3. The windows are being cleaned
4. the grass is being cut

22.2 look at the pictures. What is happening or what has happened? Use the present
continuous (is/ are being) or the present perfect (has/have been )

1. The office is being cleaned
2. The shirts have been ironed
3. The window has been broken
4. The roof is being repaired
5. The car has been damaged
6. The houses are being knocked down
7. The trees have been cut down
8. They have been invited to a party

22.3 use the words in brackets () to complete the sentences
1. I cant use my office at the moment. It is being painted
2. We didnt go to the party. We werent invited
3. the washing machine was broken but its Ok now. It has been repaired
4. the washing machine was repaired yesterday afternoon
5. A factory is a place where things are made
6. How old are these houses? When were they built?
7. A: Is the computer being used at the moment?
B: yes, Jim is using it
8.- Ive never seen these flowers before. What are they called?
9. some trees were blown in the storm last night
10. the bridge is closed at the moment. It was damaged last week
And it hasnt been repaired yet


















Supplementary exercises
53. Write the quiz questions. Use the past simple passive

QUIZ MASTER: welcome to our General Knowledge Quiz. Weve got some interesting questions
For you tonight, Marianne, so are you ready?

MARIANNE: Ready
QUIZ MASTER:Ok, number 1: when was the toothbrush invited? Was it the 15 or the 17 century?
MARIANNE: the 15
th
century, I think-in china

QUIZ MASTER: That right. Number 2. Where(2) were compact discs developed?
MARIANNE: In japan.

QUIZ MASTER: Japan and the Netherlands together, actually. And number 3:
(3)where was dynamite invented in Canada, Sweden or Greece?
MARIANNE: In Sweden by Alfred Novel.
QUIZ MASTER: Ok, number 4: In wich century(4) were glasses first made?
MARIANNE: Im not sure. The 15 century?
QUIZ MASTER: No, Im sorry. It was in the 13
th
century by two Italians.
And for your fifth question: when (5) were contact lenses first produced?
MARIANNE: 1956
QUIZ MASTER: correct. And your last question:
Where (6) was the first petrol car built?
MARIANNE: In Germany by Mr. Daimler and Mr. Benz.
QUIZ MASTER: thats right. Congratulations, Marianne.
You did very well

MARIANNE:


54. look at the picture of Hartsons jam factory. A visitor is being shown around the
Factory by Mr. Jones, the manager. Complete the passive (present simple or continuous).

The machines (1)are switched on at 7.30 a.m every day and (2)are turned off at 5.30 p.m
The factory(3) is locked at 6.30 p.m. by our security guards and all the staff(4) are checked
Before they go home. We dont want our jam to disappear! Now as you can see, strawberry
Jam(5) is made here today. And over there the jars of jam(6) is being putted into boxes by our
Team. Hartsons jam(7) isnt exported because this country buys everything(8)



Present tenses (I am doing / Ido) for the future

This is Bens diary for next week

He is playing tennis on Monday afternoon
He is going to the dentist Tuesday morning
He is having dinner with kate on Friday

In all these examples, Ben has already decided
And arranged do these things.

Im doing something (tomorrow) = I have already decided and arranged to do it
A: What are you doing on Saturday evening?
B: Im going to the theatre
A: What time is Cathy arriving tomorrow?
B: Half past ten. Im meeting her at the station
Im not working tomorrow , so we can go out somewhere
Ian isn playing football next Saturday. Hes hurt his leg

Im going to (do) is also possible in these sentences

What are you going to do on Saturday evening?
Alex is getting married next month.

You can also use the present continuous for an action just before you being to do it.
This happens especially with verbs of movement (go/come/leave, etc):
Im tired. Im going to bed now. Goodnight.
Tina, are you ready yet ? yes, Im coming

C. Present simple (I do) with a future meaning
We use the present simple when we talk about timetables, programmes, etc
(for public transport, cinemas etc):

My train leaves at 11.30 so I need to be at the station by 11.15
What time does the film begin this evening?
Its Wednesday tomorrow. Tomorrow is Wednesday.

You can use the present simple to talk about people if theirs plans are fixed like
A timetable:



I start my new job on Monday
What time do you finish work tomorrow?

Compare:

Present continuous Present simple
What time are you arriving? What time does the train arrive?
Im going to the cinema this evening the film begin at 8.15 (this evening)

EXERCISES
19.1 A fiend of yours is planning to go on holiday soon. You ask her about
Her plans. Use the words in brackets to make your questions.

1. Where are you going? Scotland
2. How long are you going for? Ten days
3. When are you leaving? Next Friday
4. Are you going alone? No, with a friend
5. Are you travelling by car? No, by train
6. Where are you staying? In a hotel

19.2 Tom wants you to visit him, but you are very busy. Look at your diary for the
Next few days and explain to him why you cant come.

T: Can you come on Monday evening?
Y: Sorry, but Im playing volleyball
T: what about Tuesday evening then?
Y: No, not Tuesday. Im working late
T: and Wednesday evening?
Y: No, not Wednesday. Im going to the theatre
T: well, are you free on Thursday?
Y: Im afraid not. Im meeting with Julia

19.3 have you arranged to do anything at these times?








19.4 put the verb into the more suitable form. Present continuous or present simple
1. Im going to the cinema this evening
2. Does the film begin at 3.30 or 4.30?
3. We are having a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?
4. The art exhibition finishes on 3 May.
5. Im not going out this evening. I am staying at home
6. Are you doing anything tomorrow morning? No, Im free. Why?
7. We are going to a concert tonight. It starts at 7.30
8. I am leaving now. Ive come to say goodbye
9. A: have you seen Liz recently?
B: No, but we are meeting for lunch next week
10.- you are on the train to London and you ask another passenger:
Excuse me. What time does this train get to London?
11. You are talking to Helen
Helen, Im going to the supermarket. Are you coming with me?
12. You and a friend are watching television. You say:
Im bored with this programme. What time does it end?
13. Im not using the car this evening, so you can have it.
14. Sue is coming to see us tomorrow. She is travelling by train and her train arrives at 10.15
























UNIT 20. (Im) going to (do)

A:
I am going to do something = I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it;
A: are you going to watch the late film on TV tonight?
B: No, Im going to have an early night

A: I hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it?
B: shes going to buy a new car

Im just going to make a quick phone call. Can you wait for me?
This cheese looks horrible. Im not going to eat it
B:
We use I am doing (present continuous) when we say that we have arranged to do
For example, arranged to meet somebody, arranged to go somewhere:

What time are you meeting Ann this evening?
Im leaving tomorrow. Ive got my plane ticket

I am going to do something=Ive decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it):
Your shoes are dirty. Yes, I know. I am going to clean them (=Ive decided to clean)
But, I havent arranged to clean them.
Ive decided not to stay here any longer. Tomorrow Im going to look for somewhere
Else stay

Often the difference is very small and either form is possible


C.
You can also say that something is going to happen in the future. For example:

The man cant see the wall front of him
He is going to walk into the wall.

When we say that something is going to happen, the situation now makes this clear.
The man is walking towards the wall now, so we can see that he is going to walk into it.








Some more examples:
Look at those black clouds! Its going to rain. (The clouds are there now)
I feel terrible. I think Im going to be sick. (I feel terrible now)
The economic situation is bad now and things are going to get worse.

D.
I was going to (do something)= I intended to do it, but I didnt do it
We were going to do travel by train, but then we decided to go by car instead.
Peter was going to do exam, but he changed his mind
I was just going to cross the road when somebody shouted stop
You can say that something was going to happen (but didnt happen):
I thought it was going to rain. But it didnt

EXERCISES
20.1 Write a question with going to for each situation
1. your friend has won some money. You ask:
What are you going to do with it?
2. Your friend is going to a party tonight. You ask:
What are you going to do wear?
3. your friend has just bought a new table. You ask:
Where are you going to putting it?
4. your friend has decided to have a party. You ask:
Who are you going to invite?

20.2 read the situations and complete the dialogues. Use going to
1. You have decided to tidy your room this morning.
F: are you going out this morning?
Y: No, Im going to tidy my room

2. You bought a sweater, but it doesnt fit you very well. You have decided to take it back.
F: That sweater is too big for you
Y: I know. Im going to take it back

3. You have been offered a job, but you have decided not to accept it.
F: I hear youve been offered a job.
Y: thats right, but Im not going to accept it.

4. You have to phone Sarah. Its morning now, and you have decided to phone
Her tonight.
F: Have you phoned Sarah yet?
Y:No, Im going to phone her tonight

5. You are in a restaurant. The food is awful and you have decided to complain.
F: This food is awful, isnt it?
Y: Yes, its disgusting

20.3 What is going to happen in these situations? Uses the word in brackets
1. There are a lot of black clouds in the sky
Its going to rain.

2. It is 8.30. Tom is leaving his house. He has to be at work at 8.45, but the journey
Takes 30 minutes.
He is going to late.

3. There is a hole in the bottom of the boat. A lot of water is coming in through the hole
The boat is going to sink

4. Lucy and Chris are driving. There is very little petrol left in the tank. The nearest petrol
Station is a long way away.
They are going to run out petrol.

20.4 complete the sentences with was/were going to

















UNIT 21. WILL/SHALL 1

A
We use Ill (= I will) when we decide to do something at the time of speaking:
Oh, Ive left the door open. Ill go and shut it
What would you like to drink? Ill have an orange juice, please.
Did you phone lucy? Oh no, I forgot. Ill phone her now

You can not use the present simple (I do / I go etc.) in these sentences:
Ill go and shut the door. (not I do and shut)

We often use I think Ill and I dont think Ill
I feel a bit hungry. I think Ill have something to eat.
I dont think Ill go out tonight. Im too tired

In spoken English the negative of will is usually wont (= will not):
I can see youre busy, so I wont stay long

B.
Do not use will to talk about what you have already decided or arranged to do
Im going on holyday next Saturday. (not Ill go)
Are you working tomorrow? (not Will you work)

C.
We often use will in these situations:

Offering to do something
That bag looks heavy. Ill help you with it. (not I help)

Agreeing to do something
A: Can you give Tim this book?
B: Sure, Ill give it to him when I see him this afternoon

Promising to do something
Thanks for lending me the money, Ill pay you back on Friday.
I wont tell anyone what happened. I promise

Asking somebody to do something (Will you ?)
Will you please turn the stereo down? Im trying to concentrate


You can use wont to say that somebody refuses to do something:
Ive tried to give her advice, but she wont listen
The car wont start. (= the car refuses to start)

D.
Shall I ? Shall we ?

Shall is used mostly in the questions Shall I ? / Shall we ?
We use shall I ? / Shall we ? To ask somebodys opinion (especially in offers or suggestions):

Shall I open the window? (= Do you want me to open the window?)
Ive got no money. What shall I do? (= What do you suggest?)
Shall we go? Just a minute. Im not ready yet
Where shall we go this evening?

Compare Shall I? and Will you ?
Shall I shut the door? (= do you want me to shut it?)
Will you shut the door? (= I want you to shut it)
























EXERCISES
21.1 Complete the sentences with Ill + a suitable verb

1. Im too tired to walk home Ill take a taxi
2. Its cold in this room. Is it? Ill turn on the heating then.
3. A: We havent got any milk
B: Oh, I forgot to buy some. Ill go and get some now
4. Shall I do the washing up? No, its all right. Ill do it later
5. I dont know how to use this computer. Ok, Ill teach you
6. Would you like tea or coffee? Ill have coffee, please
7. Goodbye! Have a nice holiday. Thanks. Ill send you a postcard
8. Thanks for letting me borrow your camera. Ill give it back to you on Monday, ok?
9. Are you coming with us? No, I think Ill stay here

21.2 Read the situations and write sentences with I think Ill . or I dont think Ill

1. Its a bit cold. The window is open and you decided to close it. You say:
I think Ill close the window.
2. You are feeling tired and its getting late. You decided to go to bed. You say:
I think Ill go to bed.
3. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car, but you decide to walk. You say:
Thank you, but I think Ill walk.
4. You arranged to play tennis today, now you decide that you dont want to play. You say:
I dont think Ill play tennis
5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you dont want to go. You say:
I dont think Ill go swimming

21.3 Which is correct?
1. Did you phone lucy? Oh no, I forgot Ill phone her now.
2. I cant meet you tomorrow. Im playing tomorrow.
3. Ill meet you outside the hotel in half an hour. Ok? Yes, thats fine
4. I need some money. Ok, Ill lend you some. How much do you need?
5. Im having a party next Saturday. I hope you can come
6. Remember to get a newspaper when you go out. Ok. I wont forget
7. what time does your train leave tomorrow?
8. I asked Sue what happened, but she wont tell me
9. Are you doing anything tomorrow evening? No, Im free. Why?
10. I dont want to go out alone. Will you come with me?



21.4 What do you say in these situations? Write sentences with Shall I? or Shall we ?
1. You and a friend want to do something this evening, but you dont know what.
You ask your friend. What Shall we do this evening?

2. You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. You ask a friend
For advice.
What Shall I buy it?

3. Its Helens birthday next week. You want to give her a present, but you dont know what.
You ask a friend for advice.
What Shall I give Helen for her birthday?

4. You and a friend are going on holiday together, but you havent decided where.
You ask him/her. Where Shall we go on holiday?

5.- You and a friend are going out. You havent decided whether to go by car or to walk. You ask
Shall we go by car or Shall we go to walk?

6.- Your friend wants you to phone later. You dont know what time to phone. You ask him/her
What time Shall I phone me?























UNIT 21 IS DONE WAS DONE (PASSIVE 1)

A:
The office is cleaned every day
The office was cleaned yesterday

Compare active and passive:

Somebody cleans the office every day (active)
The office is cleaned every day (passive)

Somebody cleaned the office yesterday (active)
The office was cleaned yesterday (passive)


B: The passive is:

Present simple am/is/are (not) + cleaned, done, inveted, injured, taken, built, done (Past partic.)
Past simple was/were (not) + cleaned, done, inveted, injured, taken, built, done (past participle)

Butter is made from milk
Oranges are imported into Britain.
How often are these rooms cleaned?
I am never invited to parties

This house was built 100 years ago
These houses were built 100 years ago
When was the telephone invited?
We werent invited to the party last week
Was anybody injured in the accident? Yes two people were taken to hospital

C. Was/were born
I was born in London in 1962
Where were you born?

D. Passive + by
We were woken up by a loud noise (= the noise woke us up)
The telephone was invited by Alexander bell in 1876
My brother was bitten by a dog last week

EXERCISES

21.1 Write sentences from the words in brackets ()
1. The office is cleaned every day
2. Are these rooms cleaned every day?
3. Glass is made from sand
4. Stamps are sold in a post office
5. This room isnt used every often
6. Are we allowed to park here?
7. How is this word pronounced?

8.- The office was cleaned yesterday
9. The house was painted last month
10. Three people were injured in the accident
11. My bicycle was stolen a few days ago
12. When was this bridge built?
13. Were you invited to the party last week?
14. How were these windows broken?
15. I wasnt woken up by the noise

21.2 Correct these sentences.
1. This house was built 100 years ago
2. Football is played in most countries of the world.
3. Why was the letter sent to the wrong address?
4. Where were you born?
6. How many are languages spoke in Switzerland?
7. Somebody broke into our house but nothing was stolen
8.When was the bicycle invited?

21.3 Complete the sentences. Use the passive (present or past) of these verbs:
1. The room is cleaned every day.
2. I saw an accident yesterday. Two people were taken to hospital
3. Paper is made from wood.
4. There was a fire at the hotel last week. Two of the rooms were damaged
5. Where did you get this picture? It was given to me by a friend of mine
6. Many American programmes are shown on British television
7. Did Jim and sue go to the wedding? No, they were invited but didnt go
8. How old is this film? It was made in 1965
9. My car was stolen last week but the next day it was found by the police



UNIT 22. Is being done has been done

A.
Is/are being (present continuous passive)

Somebody is painting the door (active)
The door is being painted (passive)

My car is at the garage. It is being repaired. (= somebody is repairing it)
Some new houses are being built opposite the park. (= somebody is building them)

Compare the present continuous and present simple:
The office is being cleaned at the moment (continuous)
The office is cleaned every day. (Simple)

In Britain football matches are usually played on Saturday, but
No matches are being played next Saturday

B.
Has/have been (present perfect passive)

Somebody has painted the door (active)
The door has been painted (passive)

My key has been stolen. (= somebody has stolen it)
My keys have been stolen. (=somebody has stolen them)
Im not going to the party, I havent been invited. (=nobody has invited me)
Has this shirt been washed?. (Has somebody washed it?)

Compare the present perfect and past simple:
The room is clean now. It has been cleaned (present perfect)
The room was cleaned yesterday (past simple)
I cant find my keys. I think theyve been stolen (present perfect)
My keys were stolen last week. (past simple)







EXERCISES
22.1 Whats happening?
1. The car is being repaired
2. A bridge is being built
3. The windows are being cleaned
4. The grass is being cut

22.2 Look at the pictures. What is happening or what has happened?
Use the present continuous (is/are being) or the present perfect (has/have been )

1. The office is being cleaned
2. The shirts have been ironed
3. The window has been broken
4. The roof is being repaired
5. The car has been damaged
6. The houses are being knocked down
7. The trees have been cut down
8. They have been invited to a party

22.3 to complete the sentences
1. I cant use my office at the moment. It is being painted.
2. We didnt go to the party. We werent invited.
3. The washing machine was broken but its Ok now. It has been repaired.
4. The washing machine was repaired yesterday afternoon.
5. A factory is a place where things are made
6. How old are these houses? When were they built?
7. A: Is the computer being used at the moment?
B: yes, Jim is using it.
8. Ive never seen these flowers before. What are they called?
9. Some trees were blown down in the storm last night.
10. The bridge is closed at the moment. It was damaged last week
And it hasnt been repaired yet.










EXERCISES-SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISES
UNIT 21-22
53. Write the quiz questions. Use the past simple passive

QUIZ MASTER: Welcome to our General Knowledge Quiz. Weve got some interesting
questions for you tonight, Marianne, so are you ready?
MARIANNE: Ready

QUIZ MASTER: OK, number 1: When was the toothbrush invited?
Was it the 15
th
or the 17
th
century?
MARIANNE: the 15
th
century, I think-in China

QUIZ MASTER: Thats right. Number 2: Where were compact discs developed?
MARIANNE: In japan

QUIZ MASTER: Japan and The Netherlands together, actually. And number 3:
Where were dynamite invented in Canada, Sweden or Greece?
MARIANNE: In Sweden by Alfred Nobel.

QUIZ MASTER: Ok, Number 4: In which century were glasses first made?
MARIANNE: Im not sure. The 15
th
century?

QUIZ MASTER: No, Im sorry. It was in the 13
th
century by two Italians. And your fifth
Question: When were contact lenses first produced?
MARIANNE: 1956

QUIZ MASTER: Correct. And your last question:
MARIANNE: Where was the first petrol car built?

QUIZ MASTER: In Germany by Mr Daimler and Mr. Benz.
MARIANNE: Thats right. Congratulations, Marianne.
You did very well.











54 look at the picture of Hartons jam factory. A visitor is being shown around the factory by
Mr Jones, the manager. Complete his sentences. Use the passive (present simple or continuous).

The machines (1)are switched on at 7.30 a.m. every day and (2) are turned off at 5.30 p.m. the
factory(3) is locked at 6.30 p.m. by our security guards and all the staff(4) are checked before they
go home.
We dont want our jam to disappear! Now as you can see, strawberry jam (5) is being made here
today. And over there the jars of jam (6) are being put into boxes by our team. Hartsons jam (7)
isnt exported because this country buys everything we produce. Its very important to keep our
factory clean and hygienic so everything (8) is washed very carefully every night. Of course nobody
(9) is allowed to smoke anywhere in the factory. Now I think lunch (10) is being served in the
canteen at the moment, so shall we go?

55. First, look at picture 1. Then, look the picture 2. Write what has been done and what hasnt
Four things are different and three things are the same. Use the verbs in the box.

1. The flowers have been throw away
2. The letter hasnt been finished
3. The computer has been turn off
4. The cups havent been washed
5. The window has been closed
6. The chair has been repaired
7. The lights havent been turn off

56. Put the verbs in brackets () in the correct form, active or passive

Here is the local news for Friday, February 14
th

Last night in Cowford many trees (1)were blown down in the storm. One tree (2)fell
Across the main road into Cowford. It(3) was taken away by the fire service during
The night. Heavy rain also(4) caused problems on the roads. Some roads(5) were
Covered by half a metre of water. Many motorists(6) left theirs car and (7)walked home.
Now over to our reporter, Carol Black. Carol, whats happening?

Well, the situation this morning is better, and nearly back to normal. The last few cars
(8) are being removed by the emergency services at the moment. And I can see the telephoned
Engineers at work. The broken lines(9) are being repaired. The traffic (10) is now moving
In and out of the town along the main roads.




Thank you Carol. And now one piece of good news.
Yesterday evening, a black BMW (11) was stolen from outside the house of Mr. John Simpson.
Mr. Simpson (12) telephoned the police. Later that evening, the car (13) was seen in the High Street
By Mr. Simpsons wife, Laura. It was outside the Red lion Hotel. The keys were in the car, so
She (14) drove it home!. The police (15) are looking for a careless thief!

And finally, some football news.
We(16) have just heard that Cowford Town are champions for the fourth time! A few minutes ago
The referee(17) blew the whistle at the end of the game against Grimeton. Our reporter at the
match, Kevin Anderson (18) is waiting to talk to us at the stadium.

STUDIO: Kevin, (19)was it a good game?
KEVIN: Yes, excellent, very fast but un fortunately a bit rough.
Cowfords start player, Tony Ancock (20)was sent off because he (21)kicked one of the
Grimeton Players. And the Grimeton goalkeeper (22) was hurt when he (23)crashed into
One of The goalposts.
He (24) was taken off the field with leg injuries, so both teams (25)played with ten men for
The Last few Minutes.

STUDIO: Is he all right?
KEVIN: Well, we dont know. He (26) is being taken to hospital at this moment.
The manager (27) thinks its serious.

STUDIO: Oh dear, thats a bad end to the match for Grimeton. What(28)
Is happening now in the stadium?
KEVIN: The Crowford players (29) are walking up the steps to receive the Champions Cup. And now
Back to the studio.

















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Unit 28 Will/Shall

A.
Sarah goes to work every day. She is always there from 8.30 until 4.30
It is 11 oclock now. Sarah is at work
At 11 oclock yesterday, she was at work
At 11 oclock tomorrow, she will be at work

Will + infinitive(will be / will win/ will come etc):

I/we/you/they will (ll) be
He/she/it will not (wont) win, eat. come


Will I/we/you/they be?
He/she/it win, eat, come?

B.
We use will for the future (tomorrow/next week)
Sue travels a lot. Today she is in Madrid. Tomorrow shell be in roma. Next week shell be
in tokio
You can phone me this evening. Ill be at home
Leave the old bread in the garden. The birds will eat it
Well probably go out this evening
Will you be at home this evening?
I wont be here tomorrow. (= I will not be here)
Dont drink coffe before you go to bed. You wont sleep

We often say I think will :

I think Diana will pass the exam.
I dont think it will rain this afternoon
Do you think the exam will be difficult?

C.
We do not use will for things we have arranged or decided to do
Were going to the cinema on Saturday. (not We will go)
Im not working tomorrow. (not I wont work)
Are you going to do the exam? (not Will you do)


D.
Shall
You can say I shall (= I will) and we shall (=we will)
I shall be late tomorrow or I will be late tomorrow
I think we shall win or I think we will win

But do not use Shall with you/ they/ he / she/ it
Tom will be late (not Tom shall be late)

EXERCISES
28.1 Helen I travelling in Europe. Complete the sentences with she was, shes or shell be
1. Yesterday she was in paris
2. Tomorrow shell be in Amsterdan
3. Last week she was in Barcelona
4. Next week shell be in London
5. Three days ago she was in Munich
6. At the end of her trip shell be very tired.

28.2 where will you be? Write the sentences about yourself. Use:
1. at 10 oclock tomorrow. Ill probably be on the beach. Or Ill be at work. Or I dont know where
Ill be.
2. one hour from now. Ill be at home
3. at midnight tonight. Ill probably be in bed
4. at 3 oclock tomorrow afternoon. Ill be at work
5. two years from now. I dont know where Ill be

28.3 put in will (ll) or wont.
1. Dont drink coffee before you go to bed. You wont sleep.
2. Are you ready yet? Not yet. Ill be ready in five minutes.
3. Im going to away for a few days. Im leaving tonight, so I wont be at home tomorrow.
4. It will be rain, so you wont need to take an umbrella.
5. A: I dont feel very well this evening.
B: well, go to bed early and youll be feel better in the morning.
6.- Its bills birthday next Monday. Hell be 25
7. Im sorry I was late this morning. It wont happen again.







28.4 write sentences beginning I think or I dont think
1. I think Diana will pass the exam
2. I dont think Diana will pass the exam
3. I think well win the game
4. I dont think Ill be here tomorrow
5. I think Sue will like her present
6. I dont think theyll get married
7. I dont think youll enjoy the film

28.5 Which is right?
1. Were going to the theatre tonight. Weve got tickets
2. What are you doing tomorrow evening? Nothing. Im free
3. Theyre going away tomorrow morning. Their train is at 8.40.
4. Im sure shell lend some money. Shes very rich
5. Why are you putting on your coat? Ill go
6. Do you think Claire will phone us tonight?
7. Steve cant meet us on Saturday. Hes working
8. Will you be at home tomorrow evening?
























UNIT 29. Will/Shall
A.
Ill carry it for you
Bye, Ill phone you tomorrow, OK?

You can use Ill (I will) when you offer or decide to do something:
My bag is very heavy. Ill carry it for you
Ill phone you tomorrow, Ok? OK, goodbye

We often say I think Ill / I dont think Ill when we decide to do domething:
Im tired. I think Ill go to bed early tonight
Its a nice day. I think Ill sit in the garden
Its raining. I dont think Ill go out

Do not use the present simple (I go/ I phone etc.) in sentences like these:
Ill phone you tomorrow, Ok?
I think Ill go to bed early

B. Do not use Ill for something you decided before
Im working tomorrow
Theres a good film on TV tonight. Im going to watch it.
What are you doing at the weekend?

C.
Shall I ? shall we ?

Shall I answer the phone? No, its Ok. Ill answer it
Shall I/We ? = Do you think this is a good thing to do? Do you think this is a good idea?.
Its very warm in this room. Shall I open the window?.
Shall I phone you this evening? Yes, please. Yes, please
Im going to a party tonight. What Shall I wear?

Its a nice day. Shall we go for walk?
Where shall we go for our holiday this year?
Lets go out this evening. Ok, what time shall we meet?






EXERCISES.

29.1 Complete the sentences. Use Ill (I will)+ one of these verbs

1. My bag is very heavy. Ill carry it for you.
2. Enjoy your holiday. Thank you. Ill send you a postcard.
3. I dont want this banana. Well, Im hungry. Ill be eat it.
4. Do you want a chair? No, its Ok. Ill sit on the floor
5. Did you phone Jenny? Oh no, I forgot. Ill do it now.
6. Are you coming with me? No, I dont think so. Ill stay here.
7. How do you use this camera? Give it to me and Ill show you

29.2 complete the sentences. Use I think Ill or I dont think Ill + one of these verbs:

1. Its cold today. I dont think Ill go out.
2. Im hungry. I think Ill have something to eat.
3. I feel tired. I dont think Ill play tennis.
4. This camera is too expensive. I dont think Ill buy it.

29.3 Which is right?
1. Ill phone you tomorrow, OK?
2. I havent done the shopping yet. Ill do it later
3. I like sport. I watch a lot of sport on TV
4. I need some exercise. I think Ill go for walk.
5. Jim is going to buy a new car. He told me last week.
6. This letter is for Rose. Ok. Ill give it to her.
7. A: Are you doing anything this evening?
B: Yes, Im going out with some friends

29.4 Write the sentences with Shall I? choose words from Box A and Box B

1. Its very warm in this room. Shall I open the window?
2. This programme isnt very good. Shall I turn off the television?
3. Im hungry. Shall I make some sandwiches?.
4. Its dark in this room. Shall I turn on the light?

29.5 Write sentences with Shall we ? Choose words from A and Box B.

1. Lets go out tonight. Ok, What time Shall we meet?
2. Lets have a holiday. Ok, Where Shall we go?
3. Lets spend some money. OK. What Shall we buy?
4. Lets have a party. Ok. Who Shall we invite?
EXERCISES- BLUE BOOK.
21.1 Complete the sentences with Ill + a suitable verb
1. Im too tired to walk home. I think Ill take a taxi
2. Its cold in this room. Is it? Ill turn on the heating then.
3. A: We havent got any milk
B: Oh, I forgot to buy some. Ill go and get some now.
4. Shall I do the washing up? No, its all right. Ill do it later.
5. I dont know how to use this computer. Ok, Ill teach you
6. Would you like tea or coffee? Ill have coffee, please
7. Goodbye! Have a nice holiday. Thanks, Ill send you a postcard.
8. Thanks for letting me borrow your camera. Ill give it back to you on.
9. Are you coming with us? No, I think Ill stay here.

21.2 read the situation and write sentences with I think Ill or I dont think Ill
1. Its a bit cold. The window is open and you decide to close it. You say:
I think Ill close the window.
2. you are feeling tired and its getting late. You decided to go to bed. You say: