Russian Civil War Army Lists II

Army Lists for the Pygmy Wars
These lists are intended as a method to select random armies for 19181921 that nonetheless have more than a passing
resemblance to the real thing. They are therefore based on actual, rather than theoretical, organisational structures,
where this is possible.
I have aimed to mae the lists fair, but only in the sense that a player has an e!ual chance when selecting an army.
"ecause the system is points based you do get fewer elite troops than you do conscripts, but the lists are not designed to
provide armies that are in any sense #balanced$.
%bviously figure availability comes into play, but if you are of the I&have&it&so&I&want&to&use&it school, then perhaps
these lists are not for you. That said, 'udicious #ad'ustment$ of the lists is to be e(pected, provided your opponent
agrees. )ote though, that in general the lists are already a bit too generous with respect to support elements because
gamers lie their toys.
%f course, you can merely pic an army using the options rather than rolling the dice, if you prefer. <Boo! ><Hiss!>
Table of Contents
Introduction
"asic *ystem................................................................................................................ 2
*tructuring the +esult...................................................................................................,
%ptional +ules..............................................................................................................,
Reds
-arly *oviet.................................................................................................................. .
+ed /rmy Infantry....................................................................................................... 0
+ed /rmy 1avalry....................................................................................................... 8
+ed /rmy 19212........................................................................................................ 13
+ed Insurgents............................................................................................................12
Whites
Independent 1ossac 4osts........................................................................................1.
1ossac Insurgents..................................................................................................... 10
5hite %fficers in a 4eroic 6arch /gainst /pparently %verwhelming %dds........... 18
"attle of -aterinodar................................................................................................ 19
7olunteer /rmy Infantry in the 2nd 8uban 6arch....................................................23
7olunteer /rmy Infantry 9ivision 1919 1923........................................................ 22
1aucasian /rmy 1919................................................................................................ 2.
7olunteer /rmy 1avalry mid&1919 1923............................................................... 20
Iudenich ..................................................................................................................... 2:
)orth&5estern 1orps and "ula&"alaavich ............................................................28
8omuch...................................................................................................................... ,3
8olcha Infantry 9ivision..........................................................................................,2
8olcha 1avalry "rigade........................................................................................... ,,
Other
;olish Infantry 9ivision............................................................................................. ,.
;olish 1avalry............................................................................................................ ,0
<rainian =alician /rmy up to >uly 1919................................................................. ,8
<rainian 9irectory /rmy 1918 1923 ................................................................... .3
/tamans 1919 1921..................................................................................................2
"altic )ationalists...................................................................................................... ..
?reiorps in @atvia..................................................................................................... .0
Appendices
/ppendi( 1A ;oints *ystem.................................................................................. /pp 1
/ppendi( 2A 1ard 7ariants.................................................................................../pp ,
/ppendi( ,A %pponents......................................................................................../pp B
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1
Basic System
1. /gree which armies you are going to use, which may re!uire deciding some or all ofA
C respective factionsD
C theatre Epotentially relevant for the terrain as wellFD
C appro(imate dateD
C type of divisionD and
C if at a #shoc$ point or a #bac&water$ area.
A shock army wi t!"# to ha$! mor! cha"c! o% g!tti"g &!tt!r '(aity troo)s a"# mor! s())ort* whi! a &ack+
wat!r wi mor! o%t!" ha$! ow!r gra#! troo)s, -t #o!s "ot %oow that &!ca(s! o"! army is shock that th!
o))ositio" "!!#s to &! too . th! r!s)!cti$! comma"#s may gi$! th! ar!a #i%%!r!"t )rioriti!s,
2. /gree the lists to be used, and any deviations from them as written, especially the allocation of support troops.
,. 9etermine the nominal points value of the armies.
- r!comm!"# a sma starti"g )oi"ts &o"(s &! gi$!" to armi!s with a sig"i%ica"ty wors! o%%ic!r s!t, /h! amo("t
#!)!"#i"g o" how )!"ais!# th! armi!s ar! i" th!ir r!s)!cti$! o%%ic!r )oos a"# th!ir m!tho#s o% s!!ctio",
.. Tae the average of the railway line numbers for the relevant lists and roll 2d0 to see if a railway line will appear
on the table.
B. *elect or roll for the asic type, using Table 1 of your army list. /dd one to any roll if the army is
designated as #shoc$ and deduct one if the army is #bac&water$.
- s(gg!st that i" g!"!ra th! o))o"!"t sho(# k"ow th! origi"a &asic ty)! o% yo(r army . it wo(# &!
("(s(a %or o))osi"g %orc!s "ot to k"ow a"ythi"g a&o(t th!ir o))ositio",
0. +oll for the allocation of your first battalion or regiment using Table 2.
:. +oll for the variation in unit siGe, using Table ,.
8. +oll for the number of 6=s attached to the battalionHregiment using Table ..
9. +oll for support troops using Table B.
13. +oll for heavy support troops, if applicable, using Table 0. )ote that there is no additional roll for any
armoured train any taen will tae the place of the item otherwise selected Egenerally an armoured carF.
11. /dd up the cost of all the units selected so far.
12. +epeat this process of selecting battalionsHregiments and support units until the total is within 03 points of the
nominal points value. <se Table : to determine how each successive battalion or regiment is selected. )ote that
even if the battalionHregiment remains identical that the support, including 6=s, is rolled for each time.
1,. If the total is now less than the nominal points value by between 03 and 23 points use Table 8 to add one final unit.
1.. If the total e(ceeds the nominal points value by more than the cheapest unit in the ast s!!ct!# battalionHregiment
plus supports, remove who! individual units or support bases from that group of units, until the points total does
not e(ceed the nominal points value by more than that cheapest unit. 9o not remove individual bases from rifle or
sabre units nor units from earlier selected battalions and support.
1B. Iou should be left with an army close to the nominal points value Egenerally J 23 pointsF.
/ny roll that is modified to a result K1 uses the result for a 1D similarly those modified to L0 use the result for a 0.
/ssuming that your table represents a frontage of a couple of ilometres Ee.g. 2 to , metresF even later war battles
would not normally have troop densities represented by much more than B33 points.
That B33 points will tend to give about a brigade of +ed infantry Ethree regimentsF being an effective ma(imum of 03
rifle bases if you get a lot of 1onscripts. )ote though that by maing the army #shoc$ you can generally cut down on
the number of 1onscripts. Iou will not "ormay get more than 0 gun bases, B cavalry bases or 8 6= bases.
?or early 1919 and irregular armies troop densities would hardly ever be that high, and I recommend more lie ,33
points ma(imum for a game. That is also a good siGe for later games, especially of the #bac&water$ variety.
6any of the field formations of 1918 would struggle even to reach ,33 points.
%ne of the strengths of 0!# Actio"s is that you can have fun games with a handful of troops a side.
Structuring the Result
%n the whole the aim of the lists is to provide units in the regimental siGed chuns as liely to be actually commanded
by a 1olonel or 8om;ola Eor in battalion siGed chuns if this is closer to +ed /ctions scaleF, allowing for the fact that
most ;ygmy 5ars units were understrength andHor had units detached.
4owever some lists can provide results that are better understood by a restructuring, particularly in support elements.
?or e(ample, if a ;olish Infantry division gets a large number of cavalry s!uadrons attached, then those s!uadrons will
in practise all belong to an separate regiment, which can choose to operate as such. /rtillery selected at the same time as
a battalion is unliely to be commanded by the battalionMs officer, though it might be attached to the infantry at a higher
level. @iewise any armour appearing will not actually be attached to the unit it happens to have been selected with, and
its command chain will be !uite different.
5hile it is !uite legal in 0!# Actio"s to split a company during a battle, it is recommended that large companies not be
broen into smaller ones &!%or! the action starts. This is because most armies of the period suffered badly from lac of
trained officers and could not 'ust go round dividing units at will. EThe 5hite armies did not suffer as badly for lac of
officers, but do not get large units in the first place.F
@iewise units should not be divided up and split across other units, e.g. four units of three bases should not be
reformed into three units of four bases, as real armies tae their Tables of %rganisation seriously. -ven in irregular
armies the commanders were generally not free to distribute men as they lied Egenerally as units represented individual
villagesF. In any case, small units in regular armies generally represent ones temporarily short&handed Eat least in
theoryF and would e(pect to receive reinforcements later.
That said, two smaller units may be merged into larger ones, as this merely represents one unit being attached to another
on a temporary basis without any formal change of structure. This particularly applies to the many instances where
#half&batteries$ are selected. /lthough it was common enough historically for artillery to act in 2 gun sections, they
would normally start as batteries of two sections.
In armies where the separate units were under tight control from above, for e(ample the +ed /rmy and "altic
)ationalists, it is reasonable to spread out machine&guns or artillery support more evenly. 4owever many armies were
effectively independent regiments, merely brigaded together operationally, who guarded their material 'ealously, e.g.
-arly *oviets and ;olish 1avalry. This is not a regular vs irregular matter 6ahno had good control of his units, but
the 7olunteer /rmy really struggled to get regiments to cough up surplus items ac!uired by capture.
Optional Rules
C If under ,33 points I recommend that artillery need only be purchased in single bases, even if a full battery is
selected, in order to prevent their cost overwhelming a small army.
C /t any scale the cost of heavy support can be prohibitive, so I recommend that it is never compulsory to tae
e(pensive items such as planes and armoured trains.
C If players are playing .33 points or more and desire less predictability, then they can tae their chosen points
costs and modify themA
d0 N 1 deduct 13O
2 deduct BO
,, . no change
B add BO
0 add 13O
The lists already have enough variation inherent for smaller amies.
C ?or scenarios not based on fi(ed positions, I personally tend to restrict the ammunition supply of field artillery to
generally to around 8 #rounds$, sometimes with a chance of resupply. /s well as being realistic, this prevents
lots of speculative long&range shooting and e(cessively defensive postures based around unlimited supplies.
This does mean that the relative value of artillery is lowered though, and the ammunition supply should be
factored into any points costs.
C /rmoured trains did steam into action in the front lines, but given their cost and vulnerability they generally only
remained at the bac of a battle as artillery support. To replicate this, players might lie to consider using an
armoured train selected as off&table heavy artillery only. If suitable for the scenario, an on&table spotter with
telephone line can be added. 1ost would then be the same as a heavy howitGer base, plus a bit for any spotter and
the added fle(ibility and unlimited ammunition supply.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,
!arly Soviet
Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 132, or 82 if in the early 1918 #railway war$ phase
Table 1A 2d0 N 1 +ed =uard or +ed ;artisan P . Hbase
basic type 2 <pgraded +ed =uard or <pgraded +ed ;artisan P B Hbase
, 1onscript P . Hbase
. <pgraded 1onscript P B Hbase
B +egular P 0 Hbase
0 7eteran P 8 Hbase
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, , 2 battalions
regiment allocation ., B, 0 , battalions
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2 , bases per battalion
unit siGe variation ,, ., B . bases per battalion
0 B bases per battalion
Table .A d0 N 1 3 6= bases
regiment 6=s 2, ,, . 1 6= base P 10 Hbase
B, 0 2 6= bases P 10 Hbase
Q upgraded to P 18 Hbase if 7eteran basic type
Table BA d0 N 1 %n a d0 N ., B, 0 mae a roll on the heavy support table
support 2 )one
, 1avalry unit see below
., B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P .3 HbaseQ
0 "attery of 2 field guns P .3 HbaseQ
Q upgraded to P B3 Hbase if 7eteran basic type
If a cavalry unit is selected in Table B, determine its siGe on the following tableA
d0 N 1, 2 *!uadron of , cavalry bases P 13 Hbase
,, . *!uadron of . cavalry bases P 13 Hbase
B #+egiment$ of 2 units of , bases E- or * onlyF P 13 Hbase
0 #"rigade$ of , units of . bases E- or * onlyF P 13 Hbase
/rmies not on southern or eastern fronts get no s!uadrons on results of B or 0
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . )one
heavy support B, 0 /ustin armoured car P B3
/n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183
Table :A +oll randomly starting from Table 1 each time.
later regiments
Table 8A Three units of . bases of +ed 1onscripts P . Hbase
last unit
Table BA The southern fronts include the <raine, the 9on and the 8ubanD the eastern fronts are anything east of
Tsaritsyn.
This represents the *oviet forces before the formation of the +ed /rmy.
The earliest +ed forces were structured on the basis of a volunteer militia army without any #bourgeois$ elements, in
accordance with 6ar(ist dogma. Those forces were beaten by every half&way determined foe and when they faced
properly organised and trained opponents, such as the early 7olunteer /rmy and the 1Gech @egion, they were
fre!uently completely smashed. The string of embarrassing failures was only halted when Trotsy was allowed to start
restoring most of the attributes of a regular army in later 1918 harsh discipline, trained commanders Efre!uently e(&
TsaristF and conscription.
"ut the chaotic nature of the time did not allow a complete overhaul everywhere. The eastern fronts were first, followed
by those facing the 9on 1ossacs and 9eniin, but the <rainian *oviet /rmy was still a complete mess in *ummer
1919.
6uch of the fighting in late 191: and very early 1918 was up and down railway lines the #railway war$ phase. *uch
armies should be very small, but did fre!uently rely on armoured trains.
4eavy support was sporadic, depending on what was surplus 55I material was present in an area. It is therefore
suggested that heavy support should only be obtained randomly via Table B unless a specific scenario for the railway
war re!uires a train.
There was little cavalry on the fronts facing the ;oles and "altic *tates and nothing larger than #brigade$ elsewhere.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .
"roop "ypes
The Red Guards, properly speaing, were militia units organised around a factory or neighbourhood, many dating bac
prior to the "olshevi tae&over. /lthough !uite effective enough when defending their home towns, they were
reluctant and inefficient troops in more regular combat. 9iscipline was often poor, especially when it came to obeying
orders from higher command, and many had little or no combat e(perience. ?ortunately for the "olshevis they were
not a large portion of their field armies, even in the early days propaganda to the contrary notwithstanding.
There were also Red Partisans, who were often pressed willy&nilly into units. This was particularly true of the early
1919 invasion of the <raine, when whole brigades were made up this way. %nce they were in the army and fighting
almost everything else had higher priority than training them properly especially since they tended to be among the
more reliable elements politically&speaing. Their commanders, in particular, tended to be e(tremely independently
minded.
The Upgraded Red Guards I use to represent the better units based on proletarians, rather than +ed =uards proper.
Those, such as the miners and railway worers, who were organised e(ternally by the 1ommunists were no better
trained than the city +ed =uards, but did at least accept being part of a formal military structure from the start, so were
rather more inclined to follow orders.
Upgraded Red Partisans are those now obeying orders, but still fighting in a partisan manner.
Conscript and Upgraded Conscript units are those based on former Tsarist army formations. 5ith the loss of almost all
the officers and a good number of the )1%s, the !uality of many of those units fell considerably. The Regular units
represent those e(&Tsarist units which did retain a substantial portion of their original military training, for whatever
reason. I would include the +ed sailor units in this group at this time although of high morale and still with much of
their discipline, they were ine(perienced on land. /ll use the normal +ed card for their class.
The Veterans are primarily the #Internationals$ i.e. non&+ussians. The most famous, and most important in the very
early days, were the @atvians. The original @atvian +ifles had largely ept their officers and were fiercely *ocialist. /t
the very end of 1918 they were sent to the @atvian front, during which time they lost a great deal of their Rlan, but until
then they were a mainstay of the *oviet forces. *ome #@atvian$ units were raised with no direct lin to the original
+ifles Eand often with not so many actual @etts in the unitsF but they also tended to be better than average. The *oviets
also raised many units of 4ungarians and 1hinese, who tended to perform well. /ll such units can use the +ed @atvians
card.
The lac of officers was felt e(tremely eenly in the Cavalry. This was compounded by the loss of many e(perienced
troopers as the Tsarist cavalry had been less "olshevised during the =reat 5ar and had a higher proportion of
conservative&minded men. "asically all the 1ossac units returned home when the =reat 5ar front collapsed, even
those which were in sympathy with the *oviets. It too a long time for a +ed +ussian cavalry to be re&established, and
in the meantime the International units filled much of the gap. <se the regular +ed 1avalry card for all mounted units.
The Artillery also suffered tremendously from a shortage of trained commanders, and early *oviet guns were
notoriously poorly handled. The standard card for this list is therefore the +ed =uard ?ield =un card Ealthough few
were actually crewed by +ed =uards properF. %nly the Rlite units may use the regular +ed ?ield =un card, as they
tended to still have trained commanders. *ailors might also !ualify, even if using the +egular Infantry card, since they
were silled at the basics of artillery.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 B
Red Army Infantry
Flee @ 40% +ailway line on 2d0 N 132
Table 1A d0 N 1 1onscript infantry P . Hbase
basic type 2 <pgraded 1onscript infantry P B Hbase
,, ., B +egular infantry P 0 Hbase
0 7eteran infantry P 8 Hbase
or +ed *ailors P 9 Hbase
Table 2A d0 N 1 1 company of the basic type, 2 companies of a lower grade
battalion allocation 2, , 2 companies of the basic type, 1 company of a lower grade
., B, 0 , companies, all of the basic type
Table ,A d0 N 1 , bases per company if 7eteran, otherwise . bases per company
unit siGe variation 2 . bases per company
,, ., B B bases per company
0 B bases per company if 7eteran, otherwise 0 bases per company
Table .A d0 N 1 3 bases
battalion 6=s 2, , 1 base P 10 HbaseQ
., B, 0 2 bases P 10 HbaseQ
/dd 1 if basic troop type is 7eteran Q P 18 Hbase if 7eteran
Table BA d0 N 1 %n a d0 N 0, adding 21 if #shoc$, mae a heavy support roll
support troopsA 2 4alf&battery of 1 field gun base P B3 Hbase
,, . "attery of 2 field gun bases P B3 Hbase
B *!uadron of +egular cavalry see table below
0 ;layerMs choice of above if on * or 5 fronts, otherwise 1 field gun
d0 N 1, 2 , bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
,, ., B . bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
0 B bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
9educt 1 if not on *outhern or 5estern fronts
Table 0A d0 N 1 2 mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
heavy support units 2 -ngineerH=renadier company of , 7eteran bases P 1. Hbase
, "attery of 2 heavy howitGer bases P :3 Hbase
. ;lane if 1923 P 83 for fighter
B, 0 d0 N 0 =arford armoured car P 83
else /ustin armoured car P B3
%nly apply this table to armies in +ussia
Table :A d0 N 1 /ll companies same gradeEsF, but each 1 base larger Eup to ma(imumF
later battalions 2 /ll companies same gradeEsF, each 1 base smaller E, bases minimumF
,, . /ll companies same siGe and type as the original battalion selected
B /s original battalion but downgrade one company in the battalion
0 /s original battalion but upgrade one company in the battalion
The results of this table are applied each time to the original battalion selected
Table 8A ?our bases of +egular cavalry if no cavalry is yet selected P 13 Hbase
last unit %therwise add one field gun P B3 Hbase
Table 1A /dd 2 to the dice roll if representing the defenders at 8ahova.
Table 2A Table 1 shows the relative grades with respect to downgrading one step.
Table ,A If you are playing small games the 0 base companies could be a bit awward, so in that case Eor if figures
are not availableF use the following alternativeA
d0 N 1 , bases per company
2, , . bases per company
., B, 0 B bases per company
Table BA The southern fronts are those facing the 9eniin and 5rangel 5hites, <rainians and 1ossacs. The
western fronts are basically those facing the ;oles.
Table 0A In general a roll on the heavy support table can be added if the army is ,33 points or more and #shoc$.
?or the +ed defenders of 8ahovaA mae one heavy support roll for each 233 points or part thereof and
mae the armoured car a =arford on a roll of .2.
9o not mae any rolls on this table if representing any combat west of the mo#!r" ;olish border.
Table :A 9owngrade or upgrade a company one step on Table 1, trying to eep the unit as homogeneous as
possible e.g. if you have a unit of one 7eteran and two +egular companies, then it would be downgraded
to , +egular companies Eand not one 7eteran, one +egular, and one <pgraded 1onscript companyF.
This represents the +ed /rmy on its ma'or e(ternal fronts against 9eniinMs /?*+, 5rangelMs #+ussian /rmy$,
IudenichMs )orth&5estern /rmy and the ;oles. I am uncertain how much the army facing 8olcha differed, but it canMt
have been by much. It does not represent the armies of the internal fronts against the =reens, nor the ?ar -astern
+epublic.
It is also for regular +ed /rmy units only. %thers cover the early cobbled together groupings of +ed =uards, worer
units and e(&Tsarist units E-arly *ovietF and the #brigades$ made up entirely of an /tamanMs following such as those of
6ahno E/tamansF and =rigoriev EInsurgentsF. The changeover was not uniform and the +ed /rmy proper fought
alongside militia& and partisan&style units for a long time.
%ne legacy of the early +ed =uard era that lingered on in the +ed /rmy was the tendency of senior commanders to
e(cessive independence, This tendency to ignore or obstruct orders was stamped out with difficulty and remained a
ma'or problem through much of 1919, long after discipline had been fully restored at lower levels.
The list wors on the basis that support weapons in general, and cavalry in particular, was more prevalent on the
*outhern and 5estern ?ronts Ei.e. the armies fighting the ;oles, southern 5hites, 1ossacs and <rainian factionsF.
4owever, the ;olish campaign was conducted at such brea&nec speed that the +ed /rmy basically outstripped its
heavy support, which is why only troops in +ussia may use Table 8. The spectacularly brief appearances of *oviet tans
do not warrant their inclusion.
%n occasion the +ed /rmy received support from naval vessels, such as a flotilla on the 7olga. / river and gunboat
might replace rail line and train, if the theatre is suitable.
The scale is one base N .3 to B3 men, so a 0!# Actio"s! #company$ would tend to be a battalion in practice and the
#battalions$ selected are therefore usually regiments.
"roop "ypes
The +ed Infantry by now was at least sufficiently trained and commanded that most of it deserves to be +egular.
4owever, recruitment of new divisions continued at a rapid pace, so entirely green units could still be found, and
divisions were fre!uently padded out by incorporation of deserters and locals. It seems that small arms ammunition
supply was mostly ade!uate Eby the standards of the +15 anyhowF.
The #<pgraded 1onscript$ is basically the 1onscript card less the #mob$ characteristic. EThe range may also be
e(tended to 10.F
The Veteran troops are whatever you have by way of figures, with the available cards being those for the @atvians and
)aval troops. "y this stage depletion of the original revolutionary core of those units may well have dropped their
martial ardour, but other units were coming along to replace them. The truly elite by 1923 were the 8ursanty Estudent
officersF, particularly if representing the 1923 front against 5rangel. There was also the 1h%) Especial 1ommunist
unitsF, although they would normally be used on the internal fronts. 1h-8a troops were also generally only used on the
internal fronts so have been omitted from this list.
+emember to add morale bonuses to Gs bases accompanying 7eteran infantry if you pay the e(tra cost.
The Cavalry is all +egular. =enerally the integral cavalry of the infantry divisions was for scouting and support
missions, not charging with sabres out on the battlefield. 4ence I strongly recommend not permitting the cavalry to be
#formed$ when using this list.
+ed Artillery struggled to obtain ade!uate e!uipment and trained crews, especially officers, and they also seem to have
had problems with ammunition !uality. +esupply could be erratic. /s a result, I downgrade their effectiveness slightly
by comparison to the 5hites.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 :
Red Army #avalry
Flee @ 40%! or @ "0% if #onnar$iya or #av#or +ailway line on 2d0 N 122
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S Independent "rigades 1avalry 9ivision 8onnarmiya 9ivision
1, 2 "etter +egular +ed 1ossac +egular or 1ossac
,, ., B +egular +egular "etter +egular
0 -lite "etter +egular -lite
P 13 Hbase for +egular and 1ossac P 12 Hbase for "etter +egulars P 1. Hbase for -lite
Table 2A d0 N 1 2 s!uadrons
regiment allocation 2, ,, ., B , s!uadrons
0 . s!uadrons
Table ,A d0 N 1 , bases per s!uadron
unit siGe variation 2, ,, ., B . bases per s!uadron
0 B bases per s!uadron
9educt 1 if a . s!uadron regiment
Table .A d0 N 1 3 tachanas
regiment 6=s 2, ,, . 1 tachana P 20 HbaseQ
B, 0 2 tachanas P 20 HbaseQ
%nly for units on the *outhern or 5estern fronts QP 2. Hbase if 1ossac
Table BA d0 N 1, 2, , )one
artillery support ., B, 0 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 03 Hbase
/dd 1 if an independent brigade or -lite basic type
Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, ,, . )one
infantry support B +oll for a regiment from the +ed Infantry list
0 ;layer may choose to roll for a regiment from the +ed Infantry list
)"A 8onnarmiya do not have to roll on this table
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . )one
heavy support units B ;lane P 83 EfighterF
0 d0 N 0 =arford armoured car P 83
/n armoured train may be taen on a 0 if there is a rail line P 183
This table only applies to armies in +ussia in 1923
Table :A <nits come in brigades of two regiments with the same values on Tables 1 and 2
later regiments /t each new brigade, roll again at random starting from Table 1
Table 8A If there are an odd number of horse guns, add one horse gun P 03 Hbase
last unit %therwise add two +egular tachanas P 20 Hbase
Table BA I do not believe that the armies facing the northwest Ee.g. Iudenich and the "altic statesF or in *iberia used
tachanas, though I have been unable to confirm this definitely either way. I recommend this table not be
used unless the opposition are ;oles, <rainians, southern 1ossacs or 9eniinH5rangel 5hites.
Table BA +oll for a full +ed infantry regiment with 6=s, but no artillery, cavalry or heavy support.
Table :A / brigade was two regiments, and would usually be composed of the same type of trooper.
Table 8A These e(tra tachanas represent the separate 6= companies that a division was meant to have. EThey
might also represent the occasional use of them by armies not given them in Table ..F
This represents the large, independently operating +ed /rmy cavalry units fighting against 9eniinMs /?*+, 5rangelMs
#+ussian /rmy$, the 1ossacs, the <rainians and the ;oles. ;rior to mid&1919 cavalry had not been fielded in large
!uantities by the +eds, though there were brigades operating on the main fronts.
There were some cavalry&only units on the eastern front facing 8olcha, which presumably were similar. There seems
to have been very little cavalry facing IudenichTs )orth&5estern /rmy, the -stonians or the @atvians, but if there was it
would have had the same structure.
The #Independent <nits$ option should only be used for small points values, as it represents independent brigades and
improvised units.
%n the southern and western fronts at least, +ed 1avalry generally operated independently of the infantry. "udUnny, for
e(ample, used the infantry divisions of the 1
st
4orse /rmy E8onnarmiyaF almost e(clusively for rear area support and
holding unimportant sectors. Thus, the infantry present in the list represent those on the battlefield by accident as much
as it is for those there by design.
It was difficult, if not impossible, for armoured cars and trains to accompany the cavalry units in the mobile warfare that
characterised the +ussian 1ivil 5ar and *oviet&;olish 5ar. I would e(pect armour to be present only in situations
where the cavalry were operating at a fi(ed point for a decent length of time. EThere are tales of armour and aviation
accompanying the 1
st
4orse /rmy, but little evidence that they were used with the cavalry.F
The 1
st
4orse /rmy option wors on the basis that only the *pecial "rigade was truly elite, the remainder being mostly
better than average. The chance of normal +egular units recognises that sometimes ordinary divisions were drafted into
the line&up Eand can hardly have become better overnightF. The 1ossac units are to represent the periods of !uite poor
morale, especially during the ;olish campaign and many of the men were, in fact, 1ossacs.
The scale is one base N .3 to B3 men.
"roop "ypes
The cavalry appears to have been the elite of the +ed /rmy and therefore even the Regulars have !uite reasonable
morale. )evertheless, I believe that they do not 'ustify being #formed$.
%etter Regulars are 'ust thatA use the +ed International *!uadron card, though this need not imply that they are
#Internationals$.
?or the &lite I use the 8onarmy card. This applies to any particularly good cavalry, but particularly "udUnnyMs
#*pecial$ "rigade.
The Red Cossac' card reflects the 1ossacs high sill, but wavering morale when fighting for the *oviets.
I give the +ed 4orse Artillery has slightly downgraded fire&power, for the same reasons as the infantry guns. 4owever
it has significantly better morale than standard +ed /rtillery, to reflect the higher status of the cavalry.
I am uncertain in Rlite cavalry had Rlite !uality (ac)an'as or if they should use the same values as ordinary cavalry.
The points costs assume +ed 1ossac tachanas have slightly lower morale, to match the 1ossacs sabre units.
Red Army $%&$'
Flee @ "0% +ailway line on 2d0 N 132
Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 1onscript infantry P . Hbase
basic type ,, . +egular infantry P 0 Hbase
B 7eteran infantry P 8 Hbase
0 -lite infantry P13 Hbase
/dd 1 if a flying column against rural rebelsD add 2 at 8ronstadtD deduct 1 if local forces only
Table 2A , companies, all of the basic type
battalion allocation
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2 . bases per company
unit siGe variation ,, . B bases per company
B, 0 0 bases per company
Table .A d0 N 1, 2, , 1 base P 10 HbaseQ
battalion 6=s ,, ., B, 0 2 bases P 10 HbaseQ
Q P 18 Hbase if upgraded to 7eteran
Table BA d0 N 1, 2 4alf&battery of 1 field gun base P B3 Hbase
support troopsA ,, . "attery of 2 field gun bases P B3 Hbase
B *!uadron of cavalry see table below
0 ;layerMs choice of above
d0 N 1, 2 , bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
,, . . bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
B, 0 B bases of +egular cavalry P 13 Hbase
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2 ;lane P 83 EfighterF
heavy support ,, . "attery of 2 heavy howitGer bases P :3 Hbase
B, 0 d0 N 0 =arford armoured car P 83
/n armoured train may be taen on a ., B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183
Table :A ?lying columns may add a cavalry regiment
later battalions %therwise select another of the same basic type as before, or roll randomly
Table 8A ?ive bases of +egular cavalry, if none yet selected P 13 Hbase
last unit %therwise a plane, heavy howitGer or /ustin armoured car as per Table 0
Table 1A #?lying column$ replaces #shoc$ and #local forces is #bac&water$.
Table :A The cavalry regiment can be selected from the #Independent "rigades$ column of the +ed /rmy 1avalry
list.
Table 8A <se the Table 0 to determine the last unit when the cavalry option does not apply, but allowing only one
howitGer base and no =arford car.
"y the end of 1923 there were no more ma'or e(ternal threats to *oviet power but the fighting was far from over.
The <rainian =reens and /tamans, especially 6ahno, had to be finished off and e(tremely serious rebellions broe
out in the countryside in Tambov and *iberia. The "asmachi rebellion flared up again in 1entral /sia and the 1hechens
held out against *oviet power. There were a couple of incursions of division siGe into *oviet territory from separatist
<rainians and 5hite +ussians out of ;oland. Troops were lent to the ?ar -astern +epublic to finish off the 5hites in
the far east. 8ronstadt naval base rose up and was bloodily suppressed. @astly, there were campaigns to incorporate the
1aucasian republics of =eorgia, /rmenia and /Gerbai'an into the <**+.
The rural rebels whether <rainian, +ussian or 6oslem were not insignificant, and the *oviets brought their best
generals and many of their best troops in to deal with them. The basic method adopted, with much more success than
the 1919 and 1923 attempts against similar opponents, was to use the poorer !uality infantry to hold fi(ed positions and
form flying columns of good !uality infantry, cavalry and support. /ir power and armoured cars were used as much as
possible. ;oison gas was sometimes used it seems.
The invasions from ;oland were contained with local troops and then despatched with the closest good troops in the
vicinity. The emphasis seems to have been on taing no riss and containing the incursions rather than eradicating them
immediately and thereby courting failure.
4eavy support should be available to every flying column that wants it, but not local forces e(cept via Table 8. /ny
flying column can also add a cavalry regiment. The #Independent "rigades$ option is taen as this has the highest
chance of good !uality cavalry.
The various invasions of the 1aucasus were so one&sided that the opportunities for gaming the actions seem limited.
"roop "ypes
5ith the crises of 1923 dealt with, the regular army could now be trained and purged of the less reliable elements.
4owever it proved itself to be unreliable when dealing with internal enemies because the soldiers tended to sympathise
rather too much with the rebels. *ome troops called in to attac 8ronstadt mutinied Eand those were units thought to be
particularly reliableF and there was a definite tendency for line infantry to act passively and let =reen units pass by
Ewhich is one reason 6ahno survived so longF.
The Conscript troops are therefore representing trained troops who are unwilling to ris their necs, not conscripts as
such. EThey would be regulars if the war with ;oland had broen out again, for e(ample.F
The Regular and Veteran class are regular units of greater reliability. /pparently it was common to employ *iberian
troops in the campaigns to crush the <rainian atamans in order to reduce the tendency to sympathise with the separatist
<rainians Eand presumably vice versaF. 7eterans use the +ed @atvian card Ealthough the @atvians themselves were
largely disbanding at this timeF.
The &lite are the forces of internal security and other dedicated 1ommunists 1h-8a, 1h%) and 8ursanty. The 1hea
had only small dedicated forces under its direct control the large numbers sometimes attributed to it are because it
often had regular +ed /rmy units attached. The 1h%) E*pecial ;urposeF units are the bul of the elite. 8ursanty
Eofficer studentsF were used to storm 8ronstadt. /ll these units can use the 1hea 1ard.
The more unreliable Cavalry units were disbanded, so all cavalry is regular.
The !uality of the Artillery had probably improved as trained +ed commanders came through. If they use higher values
than suggested for 1919H1923, say the top end of the generic weapons set, then the points need to be ad'usted
accordingly.
Red Insurgents
Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 132
Table 1A
basic type
2d0 N S Insurgents =rigoriev
2 -lite 2 1 6= base +egular ?ield =uns
, ?ield =uns +egular 1avalry
. 6=s 6=s
B +egular Infantry 2 2 6= bases +egular Infantry 2 2 6= bases
0 +ed 1onscripts +ed ;artisans
: <pgraded +ed 1onscripts <pgraded +ed 1onscripts
8 1avalry ;artisan Infantry
9 1avalry 2 Tachana +ed =uard ?ield =uns
13 ?ield =uns +ed *ailors 2 2 6= bases
11 -lite 2 2 6= bases ;artisan 1avalry
12 4eavy support 4eavy support
P . H base for +ed 1onscripts or +ed ;artisans or /taman Irregulars
P B Hbase for <pgraded 1onscripts or ;artisan Infantry
P 0 Hbase for +ed +egulars
P 8 Hbase for +ed -lite
P 9 Hbase for +ed *ailors
P 10 Hbase for +egular 6=s
P 18 Hbase for +ed *ailor 6=s
P 13 Hbase for +egular 1avalry or ;artisan 1avalry
P 2. Hbase for Tachanas
P .3 Hbase for +ed =uard /rtillery
P B3 Hbase for +egular /rtillery
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 units of infantry or cavalry
unit siGe variation ,, . , units of infantry, 2 units of cavalry
B, 0 , units of infantry or cavalry
Tables ,, . V BA
bases per unit
d0 N S infantry cavalry guns Tachanas 6=s
1, 2 , , 1 2 2
, . , 1 2 2
., B . . 2 , ,
0 B . 2 , ,
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, , /ustin armoured car P B3
heavy support ., B, 0 /rmoured train, if there is a rail line P 183
later regiments
Table 8A , units of . bases of <pgraded 1onscripts or P B Hbase
last unit ;artisan Infantry as appropriate
This list is to allow players to generate irregularly formed armies, generally aligned to the +ed cause. %bviously it is not
based on any sort of orbats or T%-s Ee(cept for =rigorievF and should be regarded merely as a basic template. The units
are not given titles of #battalion$, #company$ etc, as this list assumes that there is little or no formal structure.
E%bviously most of the units ha# such a title, but there was no consistent relationship between that name and their siGe.F
-ven after the +ed /rmy proper started forming there were many occasions where +ed troops fought in informal
structures or with large amounts of irregulars attached. %ne of these was the bul incorporation of independent atamans
into the *oviet <rainian /rmy in early 1919. The two most famous of these /tamans were )iifor =rigoriev and
)estor 6ahno, although this list does not cover 6ahnoMs times in *oviet service.
=rigoriev E4ryhoriiv in <rainianF was initially lined to the <)+, but 'oined with the <rainian *oviet /rmy in early
1918 to force the ?rench out of %dessa. /s well as his numerous personal followers, it seems he was able to direct large
portions of the +ed /rmy for his own use. 4e was then ordered to attac the +omanians in "essarabia but chose instead
to change allegiance and attaced the local *oviet forces. 4is forces were only s!uashed with some difficulty. The
/taman himself escaped with some of his men and was later apparently shot by 6ahno after a political disagreement.
This list also covers the numerous times when bodies of +ed troops were cut off behind 5hite lines a couple of such
peregrinations became the *oviet e!uivalents of the 5hite #Ice$ 6arches along the theme of #+ed 4eroes 6arch
Terribly @ong 9istances /cross 5hiteguard Territory to *afety$. These differ from the 5hite %fficer e!uivalents in
that the opposition were not as numerous but often had massive advantages in mobility provided by their cavalry, but
the basic theme is the same.
@ess gloriously it also covers when *oviet troops mutinied to set up independent *oviets Esometimes fighting alongside
local greensF.
"roop "ypes
If representing cut off +ed /rmy, then the troop types are the standard ones 'ust that their formal structure has started
to fall apart. The elite can use the +ed @atvians card to represent whatever you fancy by way of more e(perienced
troops.
=rigorievMs army was unusual in the scale of mi(ing both regular and irregular units under one command, which is why
it has a separate column. 4e captured !uite a lot of =erman 55I stocs, so his partisan units were !uite well e!uipped.
4e also fielded numerous armoured trains and apparently co&opted a +ed *ailor unit as well.
If representing a +ed /rmy unit co&operating with irregulars, then some or all of the following changes can be made,
depending on the relative proportions desiredA
+ed 1onscripts W +ed ;artisans or /taman Irregulars
<pgraded 1onscripts W ;artisan Infantry
+egular Infantry W 6ahnovist Infantry
-lite Infantry W roll again
1avalry W ;artisan 1avalry
?ield =uns W +ed =uard ?ield =uns
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1,
Independent #ossac( )osts
Flee @ 40% +ailway on 2d0 N 82
Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 9ispirited 1ossacs
basic type ,, ., B, 0 1ossacs
P 1. Hbase for 1ossac cavalry Ehigher 5hite 1ossacs cardF
P 12 Hbase for 9ispirited cavalry Elower 5hite 1ossacs cardF
P B Hbase for ;lastoons Elower ;lastoon cardF
P . Hbase for 9ispirited ;lastoons E1onscript ;lastoon cardF
At!r"ati$!y1 2 12 /&as! %or 3ossack ca$ary 4ow!r Whit! 3ossacks car#5
2 10 /&as! %or 6is)irit!# ca$ary 4am!"#!# 0!# 3ossack car#5
At!r"ati$!y1 2 6 /&as! %or Pastoo"s 4high!r Pastoo" car#5
2 7 or 8 /&as! %or 6is)irit!# Pastoo"s 43o"scri)ts or ow!r Pastoo" car#5
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 1avalry regiment of , s!uadrons Estart here for 19F
regiment allocation , 1avalry regiment of 2 s!uadrons EX1 start for 49F
. 1avalry regiment of 1 s!uadron
B Infantry regiment of 2 battalions EX2 start for 49F
0 Infantry regiment of , battalions Estart here for I9F
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2 , bases per s!uadron or battalion
unit siGe variation ,, ., B . bases per s!uadron or battalion
0 B bases per s!uadron or battalion
Table BA d0 N 1 3 6= or tachana bases P 10 Hbase for 6=s
regiment 6=s 2, , 1 6= or tachana base P 2. Hbase for Tachanas
., B 2 6= or tachana bases
0 , 6= or tachana bases
)oteA the number of tachanas cannot e(ceed the number of s!uadrons in a regiment.
Table :A d0 N 1, 2 )one
support troopsA , %n a d0 N 0, adding 21 if #shoc$, a heavy support roll may be made
., B %ne field gun, if an infantry regiment P BB EB3F Hbase
or horse gun, if a cavalry regiment P 0B E03F Hbase
0 Two field guns, if an infantry regiment P BB EB3F Hbase
or horse guns, if a cavalry regiment P 0B E03F Hbase
Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, , )one
heavy support units , ;lane P 83 EfighterF
. "attery of 2 heavy howitGer bases P :3 Hbase
B, 0 /ustin armoured car P B3
Table 9A If rolling a 9on 9ivision, or if the division is specifically specified as being Infantry Esee )oteF,
later regiments tae the latest regiment selected and apply the following ad'ustmentA
d0 N 1, 2 on Table 2 subtract one from the previous number used
,, . use the same number as last time on Table 2
B, 0 on Table 2 add one to the previous number used
%therwise roll randomly each time on Table 2 Ethe basic type morale remaining unchangedF
Table 13A If no cavalry is yet selected, add one . base cavalry s!uadron P same
last unit 1hoose fromA 1 field gun, 1 horse gun or 2 tachana bases P same
Table 1A If playing a specific campaign the basic morale might already be determined.
Table 2A If a specified type of division is re!uiredA
for a 1avalry 9ivision, start with an automatic #2$ on Table 2 and roll randomly afterwards for
every host e(cept the 9on, which uses the variant in Table 9.
for an Infantry 9ivision, start at #0$ and use Table 9 afterwards to vary from there.
for a #4orse$ 9ivision wor out a #,$ result and a #B$ result and roll randomly after that.
Table 8A The heavy support table would not appear 'ustified in general unless the army is !uite large and is
designated as #shoc$.
This represents the forces of the southern 1ossacs #4osts$ 9on, Tere, 8uban and /strahan but only when
fighting separately. It does not cover the 1aucasian /rmy under 5rangel which fought around Tsaritsyn, despite that
army being mostly 1ossac units. It does cover the 9on /rmy fighting between the 7/ and 1aucasian /rmy in late
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1.
1919, although formally part of the /?*+ at that time.
6orale in the hosts fluctuated wildly throughout the civil war and not necessarily in tune with the main 5hite armies
or each other. /t any moment there was liely to be one or other 1ossac group suling, but the times of +ed successes
were obviously the worst.
The 1ossac armies had a thorough mi( of infantry and cavalry units, though generally a ma'ority were mounted, and
this list attempts to replicate the random nature of what was liely to be available. %nly the 9on, from time to time,
fielded large forces and could therefore tae care to properly divide infantry and cavalry into separate divisions and
armies. 6oreover, a great deal of 1ossac #infantry$ considered themselves as cavalry temporarily without horses
Eindeed, fluctuating between the twoF. *ometimes a cavalry division might have units said to be cavalry, but actually
fighting at that point as infantry as a result of horse shortages.
6any units were tiny hence the one #s!uadron$ regiments of horse and the use of #battalion$ rather than company for
the infantry. *ome #divisions$ came to less than 1,333 men.
The independent 1ossac units were not as well supplied as the regular 5hites, even after they had been folded into the
/?*+. The 9on 4ost was easily the best supplied with support weapons.
/ note on terminologyA Hors! was used at the time to indicate mi(ed cavalry and infantry units. Pastoo" by now means
'ust any 1ossac infantry, not its original sense of scout.
"roop "ypes
*ee the appendi( for a fuller discussion of the 1ossac cards.
%n the whole the Plastoons werenMt very good as they laced officers, e!uipment and spirit. I suggest using the #4ost$
;lastoon card for the normal units, downgrading to 1onscript ;lastoons when dispirited. /lternatively, one can use the
higher ;lastoon card for the base units and a lower one for dispirited units.
Gs can use the specific ;lastoon 6= card. There is no need to reduce it further when dispirited Esince the change to
#mob$ and a lower rally number of the ;lastoons when downgraded does not have flow&over affects onto its valuesF.
?or the Cossac' Cavalry I suggest using the #4ost$ card as the norm, and the lower alternative when dispirited.
/lternatively, one can use the lower card as a base and the +ed 1ossacs card when morale falls Esince this card does
actually represent 1ossacs with lowered morale and lacing officersF.
?or (ac)an'as I have assumed that players would use the specific 5hite 1ossac tachana card. There seems to be
little gained by using a different card when dispirited, but a &1 to rally could be applied.
I believe !uite a lot of the #1ossac$ Artillery was actually not particularly 1ossac, so I have assumed it remains at
full morale value all the time and suggest the normal 5hite artillery cards.
Sierian #ossac( )osts
The 1ossacs to the east also formed anti&"olshevi armies, though not always operating in con'unction with the main
5hite armies the %renburg 4ost under /taman 9utov formed an important part of 8olchaMs army, but the Trans&
"aial 4ost under /taman *emenov was very much a thorn in the /dmiralMs side.
In the absence of more specific lists, the southern 1ossac one can be used, e(cept thatA
the chance of a railway line depends on the 4ost in !uestion, though most fighting was generally along the
basic direction of a line
all tachanas should be omitted
the heavy support table, which should be used sparingly, should readA
heavy support units . Improvised armoured car, counting as ?ord P ,3
B, 0 /n armoured train, if there is a rail line P 183
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1B
#ossac( Insurgents
Flee @ 40% +ailway line at 2d0 N 132 E82 during the #railway war$ of early 1918F
Table 1A
basic type
2d0 N S 191: 1918 @ater
2 6=s 6=s
, 4orse or ?ield =uns 4orse or ?ield =uns
. 6=s 6=s
B ;lastoons ;lastoons
0 ;lastoons ;lastoons
: 1avalry 1avalry
8 1avalry 1avalry
9 %fficer Infantry 1avalry
13 %fficer Infantry Tachanas
11 %fficer 1avalry Tachanas
12 4eavy support 4eavy support
#-nthusiastic$ values #9ispirited$ alternatives
P B Hbase for ;lastoons P . Hbase for 1onscript ;lastoons
P 10 Hbase for ;lastoon 6=s
P 1. Hbase for 1ossac cavalry P 12 Hbase for 1ossac cavalry
P 2. Hbase for 1ossac Tachanas
P BB EB3F Hbase for 1ossac ?ield =uns
P 0B E03F Hbase for 1ossac 4orse =uns
1918 #railway war$ additions
P 13 Hbase for %fficer Infantry
P 23 Hbase for %fficer 6=s
P 1. Hbase for %fficer 1avalry
#%fficer$ units do not roll on the table, but come in single units only
Tables ,, . V BA
bases per unit
d0 N S infantry cavalry guns Tachanas 6=sQ
1, 2 , , 1 2 2
, . , 1 2 2
., B . . 2 , ,
0 B B 2 , ,
Q <p to one 6= base may be made %fficer for every %fficer Infantry unit already selected
later regiments
Table 8A , units of . bases of ;lastoons P B Hbase
last unit
This list is to allow players to generate various irregularly formed armies of 1ossacs. %bviously it is not based on any
sort of orbats or T%-s and should be regarded merely as a basic template. The units are not given titles of #battalion$,
#company$ etc, as this list assumes that there is little or no formal structure, with the units often being based raised by
stanitsa.
The earliest armies represented are the 1ossacs of 191: and early 1918, during the #railway war$ period. *ome
dedicated groups attempted to fight off the advancing *oviet forces, generally with little success. The main 4ost forces
meanwhile were generally not enthusiastic Eor outright mutinousF, enabling the +eds to con!uer virtually all the 9on,
8uban, Tere and /strahan lands.
<nits of volunteers, largely officers and cadets, were to be found operating with the anti&"olshevi 1ossacs during this
early time usually in the form of some #partisan$ regiment or other. They were e(tremely motivated, but not
numerous. %bviously they preferred to wor with the 1ossacs actively fighting the +eds rather than the mutinous
onesY
This left only a very small anti&"olshevi forces. %ne in the 8uban ended up co&operating with the early 7olunteer
/rmy, and /ndrei *huro was to lead another in the *tavropol area soon afterwards. / similar 9on force under =eneral
;opov ept itself in being only by avoiding populated areas Ethe #*teppe 6arch$F. There was no similar /strahan
group that I am aware of.
The 9on then saw a very large 5hite uprising in /pril 1918, after which a proper 4ost army was organised. In /pril
1919 there was another large anti&"olshevi insurgent group in the <pper 9on. These groups were !uite well organised
with a centralised leadership.
The later 8uban became a hot&bed of partisan groups Esome +eddish, some 5hitish and many neutralF, though many of
them were distinguished largely by their desire to avoid actively fighting for one side or the other. 1ossac partisans
were actually !uite common in the early war.
The list also covers any #pocets$ of 1ossacs trapped by the +ed /rmy trying to fight their way bac to 5hite lines.
/lthough mostly not 1ossacs, *emyon "udUnny led an army from the 9on not noticeably different from this list.
6ost insurgent armies were !uite small, the 1918 ones particularly so.
/ note on terminologyA an +15 #;artisan$ unit implies a formation fighting in an irregular manner, often raised
irregularly as well. It need not imply that the unit fought primarily behind enemy lines, though obviously some did.
"roop "ypes
The 1ossacs follow the same classes as the 1ossac 4osts list generally being the same people.
The #enthusiastic$ values would seem to be 'ustified for the early forces that remained steadfastly anti&"olshevi and
the 9on rebellions. The relevant cards would seem to be the #4ost$ 1avalry and ;lastoon cards.
The #dispirited$ values would apply to the early 4ost armies Enot that they really foughtF, any 1ossac =reens, any
uprising with little chance of success or a trapped pocet of troops. In these cases the #non&4ost$ 1avalry card and the
1onscript ;lastoons card replace the #4ost$ versions.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 1:
White Officers in a )eroic *arch Against Apparently Over+helming Odds
Flee @ *00% +ailway line on 2d0 N 12
Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 7eteran Infantry P 8 Hbase
basic type ,, ., B %fficer Infantry P 13 Hbase
0 1adets if 1918, otherwise 7eteran Infantry P 13 or 8 Hbase
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 1 battalion
unit allocation ,, ., B, 0 2 battalions
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per battalion
unit siGe variation ., B . bases per battalion
Table .A d0 N 1, 2 )one
regiment 6=s ,, ., B 1 6= base P 18 Hbase for 7eteran
0 2 6= bases P 23 Hbase for %fficer
Table BA d0 N 1, 2, ,, . )one
artillery supportA B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2 )one
cavalry support ,, . . base 1ossac s!uadron, if appropriate P 1. Hbase
B , base %fficer s!uadron P 1. Hbase
0 . base %fficer s!uadron P 1. Hbase
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, ,, ., B )one
heavy support units 0 /ustin armoured car P B3
Table :A +oll randomly each time
later units
Table 8A )ot re!uired
last unit
Table BA The 1ossac cavalry will only apply if the action crosses 1ossac lands.
This list is to represent small bodies of 5hite officers attempting to reach safety andHor other 5hite groups some
distance away. The actual groups represented were so small that they can be easily replicated in whole this list is for
generic games only. =enerally the scenario should re!uire a couple of hundred points of 5hites to cross the table or
capture a village for the night, not to defeat the enemy )!r s!. The enemy should be numerous, but not co&ordinated, nor
necessarily on the table at the start.
The early 7olunteer /rmy #Ice 6arch$ is the most famous such march, but there were others, especially very early in
the warA we now that 9roGdovsy marched across the <raine from +omania and of the #-aterninoslav 6arch$
Ewhen a group largely of officers who had been in the 4etmanMs service fought through to 5hite 1rimeaF. There were
presumably other such groups that failed to mae it.
/fter the collapse of the 5hite army in late 1919 several 5hite columns fought their way through to friendly territory,
the most famous being #"redovMs 6arch$.
6ost of the opposition of these marches was -arly *oviet, but the -aterinoslav 6arch was fighting <rainian /taman
troops and "redov and similar groups were evading either +ed /rmy Epresumably bac&waterF, /tamans or <)+.
"roop "ypes
I have assumed that only the most committed troops would engage in such an undertaing, so all troops are at their
highest possible morale values. 4owever shortages of ammunition mean that #?ire$ values should be capped at B.
I have made a special #1adet$ card, but it is not to be taen entirely seriously.
Optional Rules
6ost of these marches had no means of re&supply and therefore had to be very careful about ammunition e(penditure. I
recommend that playersA
, forbid infantry shooting at long range if there is a minus applying
C forbid cavalry to shoot mounted, and only allow dismounting if absolutely necessary
C restrict artillery ammunition considerably
Battle of !(aterinodar
1
st
Infantry "rigade E=eneral 6arovF
1omposite %fficer +egiment . companies of B bases eachD . 6= bases
1
st
8uban +ifle +egiment , battalions, each three companies of . basesD , 6= base
1
st
-ngineer 1ompany , bases
1
st
and .
th
*eparate /rtillery "atteries 1 or 2 gun bases each
2
nd
Infantry "rigade E=eneral "ogaevsiF
8ornilov *hoc +egiment , battalions, each three companies of . bases eachD , 6= bases
;artisan +egiment . companies of , basesD 2 6= bases
;lastun 1ossac "attalion three companies of . bases eachD , 6= bases
2
nd
-ngineer 1ompany , bases
2
nd
, ,
rd
and B
th
*eparate /rtillery "atteries 1 or 2 gun bases each
4orse "rigade E=eneral -rdeliF
1
st
1avalry +egiment . s!uadrons of , bases each
8uban +egiment 0 s!uadrons of , bases each
Tcheress +egiment 2 s!uadrons of , bases each
4orse "attery 2 gun bases
1Gecho&*lova -ngineer "attalion B bases
This is the army at the "attle of -aterinodar, 13&1. 6arch 1918, and was formed on the basis of the merger of the 7/
units which set out from +ostov and a small 8uban army. This battle was a bloody repulse for the 7olunteer /rmy,
which also lost its commander, =eneral 8ornilov.
/ table would normally only hold one brigadeMs worth, but the cavalry did operate with the infantry.
*iGes are all estimates.
"roop "ypes
The +fficer Regi$ent can be %fficer or, more usefully, 1oloured Eit was the basis of the 6arovsy +egimentF.
The #ornilov Regi$ent is obviously 1oloured.
The Partisan Regi$ent can be 1adet if you use that card, since it was mostly composed of young men. %therwise
1oloured Eit was to go on to be the /le(seevsy +egimentF.
The #u,an Rifle Regi$ent was mostly officer, but =eneral 9eniin notes that the army contained #raw, almost
untrained 8uban 1ossacs$ who didnMt perform so well and this unit contained most of those newly recruited 8uban
elements. ;erhaps one company in each battalion should be #4ost$ ;lastoon and the rest %fficer.
The Plastun Cossac' %attalion can be #4ost$ ;lastoons, on the basis that 9eniinMs comments cover them.
The Cavalry should all be the highest morale %fficer or #4ost$ 1ossac.
The C-ec)s can use the 1Gech Infantry card.
-olunteer Army Infantry in the &
nd
.uan *arch
Table 1 InfantryA
basic type
d0 N S *ummer and /utumn 1918 5inter 19181919
1, 2 7eteran 7olunteer
,, . 1oloured 7eteran
B, 0 1oloured 1oloured
P : Hbase for 7olunteer
P 8 Hbase for 7eteran
P 13 Hbase for 1oloured or %fficer
%+
Table 1 1avalryA
basic type
d0 N S *ummer and /utumn 1918 5inter 19181919
1, 2 1ossac +egular
,, ., B 1ossac 1ossac
0 %fficer %fficer
P 12 Hbase for +egular
P 1. Hbase for 1ossac or %fficer
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalion or s!uadron regiment
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 , battalion or s!uadron regiment
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per battalion or s!uadron
unit siGe variation ., B . bases per battalion or s!uadron
0 B bases per battalion or s!uadron
Table .A d0 N 1, 2, , 1 6= base P 10 Hbase for 7olunteer
regiment 6=s ., B, 0 2 6= bases P 18 Hbase for 7eteran
P 23 Hbase for %fficer or 1oloured
%+, if cavalry d0 N 1, 2, , 3 tachana bases
., B, 0 1 tachana base P 28 Hbase for Tachana
Table BA d0 N 1 )one
artillery supportA 2, ,, . 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
B, 0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
%+, if cavalry d0 N 1, 2 )one
,, . 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F Hbase
B, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns P 0B E03F Hbase
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2 )one
heavy support units , -ngineer company of three 7eteran bases P 1. Hbase
. "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase
Table :A d0 N 1, 2 / regiment of the original basic type, rolling again from Table 2
later regiments ,, . +oll randomly on Table 1 but remaining either infantry or cavalry
B, 0 +oll randomly on either Table, then revert bac to original basic type
Table 8A Infantry basic type add a . base +egular cavalry s!uadron P 12 Hbase
last unit 1avalry basic type add a . base 1ossac cavalry s!uadron P 1. Hbase
This list covers the period from *ummer 1918, after the ?irst 8uban 6arch Ethe #Ice 6arch$F, until the big e(pansion in
early 1919. 9uring this time the 7olunteer /rmy largely cleared the 8uban, Tere and 1aucasus of *oviet forces in
several lightening campaigns.
9uring the early part of the campaign the army was still volunteer and mostly composed of former officers, but slowly it
was enlarged by drafting in former +eds and locals. )ew units were created to go alongside the original officer units,
often around a core of officers from a former Imperial army unit. Towards 1919 conscription was introduced.
4eavy e!uipment was rare, since pretty much everything had to be seiGed from the +eds, who were not themselves
always terribly well e!uipped. I suggest that the heavy support table be only used by large, infantry&heavy forces.
The campaigning was very fluid and the 7/ could, and did, operate infantry and cavalry together. "ut the success of the
campaigns often depended on speed, so large all&cavalry formations were fielded, reducing the amount of cavalry that
could wor with the infantry.
<nit siGes are problematic as units were completely depleted and then re&filled many times over in the period Eunits
would suffer losses of over 133O in a campaignYF. The list assumes a mid&campaign unit siGe, but they could be both
smaller and larger.
)oteA at the end of this period 9eniin introduced a new structure to the Infantry moving to a three regiment division
from the old . regiment structure.
"roop "ypes
The Coloured regiments were now at their pea, with high morale and gradually increasing strength. <nlie later
periods, the entire regiment can use the 1oloured Infantry card and every company can be considered an #officer$
company. 4owever ammunition was short, so they should have #?ire$ N B.
The Veteran and Volunteer regiments are the newly raised units that started to fill out the army. Their morale depended
largely on the !uality of the officer cadre already the rans started to include officers less committed to the cause than
the original Ice 6arch veterans.
The Regular Cavalry was built up fairly !uicly, usually on the basis of officers from former Imperial regiments, but
with many locals drafted in as well. The +fficer Cavalry represent the better regular units, rather than any specific type.
The 8uban and Tere Cossac's provided the bul of the cavalry still. @ater 1aucasian 6ountaineers were included, but
they do not differ significantly. /s well as fighting to clear their homelands, the incredible successes of this period
boosted morale, 'ustifying the high values of the #4ost$ 5hite 1ossac card. @ater there would be a political falling&out
between most of the 1ossacs and the 5hites and their values with the 7/ drop.
I am uncertain whether (ac)an'as were yet used by the 5hites. I have assumed that they were 'ust being adopted.
The Artillery was e(cellent, crewed to a large e(tent by officers, but struggling with ammunition supply.
Optional Rules
/mmunition supply fluctuated wildly with what could be captured, although the 9on 1ossacs did supply material. It
would be realistic toA
, forbid infantry shooting at long range if there is a minus applying
C forbid cavalry to shoot mounted, and only allow dismounting if absolutely necessary
C restrict artillery ammunition considerably
-olunteer Army Infantry /ivision $%$% 0 $%&1
Flee @ "0% in early *.*. and early *./00 @ 40% in late *.*. and late *./0
+ailway line on 2d0 N 82
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S early 1919 and mid 1923 late 1919 and late 1923
1 1onscript 2 %fficer 1onscript
2, , 7olunteer 1onscript 2 %fficer
. ;lastoon ;lastoon
B 1oloured 1oloured 1onscript
0 1oloured 1oloured

P . Hbase for 1onscript , or with one base per unit P 13 if unit is 1onscript 2 %fficer
or P B Hbase if <pgraded 1onscripts
P 0 Hbase for ;lastoon E#non&4ost$F
P 8 Hbase for 7eteran Ethe suggested rating for ordinary 1oloured companiesF
or P 13 Hbase if using 1oloured or %fficer cards
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 company battalion
company allocation 2 , company battalion, but ,
rd
company is 1onscript 2 %fficer
,, ., B, 0 , company battalion
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , bases per company
unit siGe variation ,, ., B . bases per company
0 B bases per company
Table .A d0 N 1 1 base
battalion 6=s 2 1 base if the unit contains any 1onscripts, otherwise 2 bases
,, ., B 2 bases
0 , bases
P 10 Hbase for ;lastoon or 7olunteer 6=s Ealso used by 1onscripts and 1onscripts 2 %fficerF
P 18 Hbase for 7eteran Esuggested for 1oloured 1onscriptsF
P 23 Hbase for %fficer or 1oloured Esuggested for 1oloured F
Table BA d0 N 1 d0 N B, 0, adding 21 if #shoc$ or 1oloured, mae a heavy support roll
artillery supportA 2, ,, . 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P :3 Hbase
Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, ,, . none
cavalry support B +egular or 1ossac cavalry s!uadron of , bases P 12 Hbase
0 +egular or 1ossac cavalry s!uadron of . bases P 12 Hbase
Table B contdA d0 N ., B, 0 /n additional , base #officer$ company P 13 Hbase
officer company This option only applies to 1oloured, 1oloured 1onscript and 7olunteer basic types
Table 0A d0 N 1 -ngineer company of three 7eteran bases P 1. Hbase
heavy support units 2, , "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase
. ;lane P 83 EfighterF
B /ustin armoured car P B3
0 "ritish tan if a static battle P 03 E5hippetF
otherwise a ?ord armoured car P ,3
Table :A Troops come in regiments of three battalions of the same basic type on Table 1
later battalions ?or subse!uent regiments, start again with a random roll on Table 1
Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . . base 1ossac cavalry s!uadron P 12 Hbase
last unit B, 0 2 mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
This list is to cover most of the non&1ossac portions of the /?*+ and 5rangelMs #+ussian /rmy$.
#-arly 1919$ starts in ?ebruary, after the *econd 8uban 6arch Ewhich is also when /llied material started landing in
large !uantitiesF, and ends at the start of >uly, when 9eniin ordered the drive on 6oscow. The army was
then small and very e(perienced.
#@ate 1919$ covers the great advance to %rel and retreat afterwards, finishing with 9eniinMs resignation at the start of
6arch 1923. The massive e(pansion of the /?*+ at that time led to an inevitable loss in !uality, and
even the veterans were worn out by the long campaign.
#6id 1923$ carries on from 5rangelMs assumption of command until the failure of the Trans&9nepr %ffensive in mid&
%ctober. The army had been reorganised and regained some of its confidence.
#@ate 1923$ covers the withdrawal bac to the 1rimea. 5ith ;oland signing a cease&fire, the end was obviously in
sight for the tired #+ussian /rmy$, now full of pressed e(&+eds.
The 7/ was able and willing to co&operate infantry and cavalry in the field. *o if a large army is selected, a single
regiment on the 7/ 1avalry list may be added.
/t the times of lowest numbers the units tended to be !uite small. /t those times a 0!# Actio"s! #company$ might well
be called a battalion.
The 7/ was able to mae use of naval superiority in the "lac *ea and, sometimes, on ma'or rivers to provide artillery
support. ;layers which receive an armoured train might instead lie to place a river and gunboat, if the theatre is
suitable.
The scale is 1 base N .3 to B3 men.
"roop "ypes
The list maes use of the rule in 0!# Actio"s! that allows the 5hites to improve the value of conscripts by adding an
officer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if 7olunteers until the first base is removed, whereupon it reverts to
1onscript.
The elite of the army was the Coloured regiments, sometimes divisions the 8ornilovsy, 6arovsy, /le(seevsy
and 9roGdovsy. "y this point however e(pansion meant that they were no longer 133O volunteers. ?re!uently a core
of the old unit remainedA and the specific 1oloured Infantry card should be used only for this #officer$ company Eif it is
selected in Table BF. )ote that at this stage I give them #?ire$ N 0, to allow for the e(tra ammunition and @ewis guns
supplied by the /llies.
I consider the bul of the 1oloured regiments should use the 5hite 7eteran card.
If the unit is Coloured Conscripts then the unit consists mostly of !uite recently drafted men placed into the coloured
regiments, and stiffened with a sprinling of officers. This is represented by adding an officer Eor colouredF base in a
unit otherwise of conscripts.
The early units composed almost entirely of +fficers were now basically gone, but I have allowed the chance that some
7olunteer units might still have a small company. The %fficer card represents these.
The Volunteer units are standard line units, of no particular merit.
The Plastoon units are costed on the basis of the higher #non&4ost$ card, which assumes better officers and e!uipment.
Their costs should be lowered to P B Hbase if the lower #4ost values are used.
The +fficers 1 Conscripts units are those where the main troop type is 1onscript but there is an officer base in each
company, so that they behave as 7olunteers unless the %fficer base is removed.
The 5hite /rmy had large number of unreliable Conscript units, but were usually able to eep them away from the
crucial points.
I have assumed that the Gs would be crewed by some of the most reliable men in a unit, so suggest that 1onscripts
can use the 7olunteer 6= card, the 1oloured 1onscripts can use the 7eteran 6= card and that the 1oloured units can
use the 1oloured 6= card Eor %fficer 6= cardF.
6y card set also includes a Cadet card. This is for the 1
st
and 2
nd
8uban campaigns, and mostly if one is gaming them in
#heroic$ manner. /ny similar highly motivated cadets remaining in the 7/ by the period of this list are assumed to be
represented by the %fficer companies.
The Cossac' cavalry is costed on the basis that the #non&4ost$ card for 5hite 1ossacs is used.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 2,
#aucasian Army $%$%
Flee @ "0% during period of advance! @ 40% during retreat +ailway line at 2d0 N 132, or 82 at Tsaritsyn
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S 1aucasian /rmy Infantry 1aucasian /rmy 1avalry
1 1onscript plastoon 1ossac
2, ,, . ;lastoon 1ossac
B 7olunteer 1ossac
0 7eteran "etter 1ossac

P . Hbase for 1onscript ;lastoon
P B Hbase for ;lastoon
P 0H base if 7olunteer infantry considered to be better !uality ;lastoon
P 12 Hbase for 1ossac cavalry
P 1. Hbase for "etter 1ossac cavalry
go to the 1919 7/ Infantry list for 7eteran and 7olunteer infantry units
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 1avalry regiment of , s!uadrons H infantry battalion of 2 companies
regimentHbattalion allocation ,, ., B 1avalry regiment of 2 s!uadrons H infantry battalion of , companies
0 1avalry regiment of 1 s!uadron H infantry battalion of , companies
Table ,A d0 N 1 , bases per s!uadron or company
unit siGe variation 2, ,, ., B . bases per s!uadron or company
0 B bases per s!uadron or company
Table .A d0 N 1 3 tachana or 6= bases
regimentHbattalion 6=s 2, , 1 tachana or 6= base
., B 2 tachana or 6= bases
0 , tachana or 6= bases
)oteA the number of tachanas cannot e(ceed the number of s!uadrons in a cavalry regiment
P 10 Hbase for ;lastoon 6=s
P 2. Hbase for 1ossac Tachanas
P 20 Hbase for "etter 1ossac Tachanas
Table BA d0 N 1, 2 Infantry add a 1ossac cavalry s!uadron P 12 Hbase
support ,, . 1avalry add a ;lastoon company P 0 Hbase
B, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns, if basic type is cavalry P 0B E03F Hbase
or 2 field guns, if infantry P BB EB3F Hbase
+oll on Table , for the variation in siGe of any ;lastoon company or 1ossac s!uadron
Table 0A d0 N 1 )one
heavy support units 2, , 4eavy howitGer battery of two howitGers P :3 Hbase
. ;lane P 83 EfighterF
B "ritish tan if at Tsaritsyn P 83 E6ar 7F
otherwise /ustin armoured car P B3
0 /ustin armoured car P B3
Table :A ?our units of the same basic type should be selected before rolling again randomly
later regimentsHbattalions on Table 1 Ee(cept in the case of 4orse 9ivisions see )oteF
Table 8A / field or horse gun if none yet selected P same
last unit %therwise a . base 1ossac s!uadron or two tachanas, as desired P same
Table :A There were a couple of 4orse 9ivisions in the 1aucasian /rmy Emi(ing infantry and cavalryF, and if one
of those is being represented the infantry may not be 7olunteer or 7eteran but a new basic type may be
rolled for every second unit.
)ote 1ossac cavalry is selected in sets of four regimentsHbattalions on this list, unlie the 1ossac list.
The #1aucasian /rmy$ was a branch of the /?*+ which attaced up the river 7olga in mid&1919 under the command
of "aron 5rangel. It too Tsaritsyn in >une and then repelled several assaults on the city, before withdrawing as the rest
of the 5hites fell bac. The army was formed around units from the 8uban, Tere and /strahan 1ossac 4osts, plus
similar units from the 1aucasian mountains E9agestani, %ssetians, 1hechnians etcF. To this were added regular 5hite
infantry divisions and a large amount of heavy support units.
It seems that 5rangel was able to impose some sort of order on the mi(ed units under his command, so the troops are
less variable than on the pure 1ossac list. There also seems to have been a reasonable amount of co&operation between
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 2.
infantry and cavalry, so if a large point army is selected a player may by agreement choose to alternate between sets of
infantry and cavalry.
5hen fighting around the city of Tsaritsyn, either attacing or defending, a heavy support roll can be made for every
second cavalry regiment or infantry battalion. %therwise, purely cavalry armies would not normally have any heavy
support.
*ince this army was advancing up the 7olga, there were occasions when that river flaned a battle, providing an
opportunity for artillery support from a naval flotilla. The 7olga with gunboat could replace a rail line and armoured
train, if players wish.
<nit siGes were often very small, hence the one #s!uadron$ regiments of cavalry. The #companies$ and #battalions$ of
the infantry would in practice often have been entitled #battalions$ and #regiments$ respectively.
"roop "ypes
6orale values are problematicA the 1ossacs respected 5rangel as a commander, but he still represented the distrusted
/?*+. The army had a definite 1ossac ethos, but was fighting away from the homelands. I believe that their
performance suggests that the lower value cards are more applicable.
The Plastoons would appear to be better served by the #4ost$ card, as they did not seem very een Erather than my
#non&4ost$ one, which is mainly for 7/ plastoons anywayF.
There is a Conscript Plastoon card, but its values are identical to the normal 5hite 1onscripts card.
The ordinary ;lastoons can use the specific ;lastoon G card, but one could use the 7olunteer one for the 1onscripts,
as it is worse.
%rdinary Cossac' cavalry can be represented by the #non&4ost$ 1ossac card.
The best cavalry seem to have been the 1aucasian 6ountaineer units, who had neither the separatist sentiment of the
1ossacs nor the problems about serving away from their homelands Ebut did have a tremendous tendency to lootF.
5hether actually representing 1ossacs or not, the #4ost$ 5hite 1ossac card will serve as %etter Cossac's.
The Veteran Infantry in the list represent the good non&1ossac infantry provided to this army including the :
th
I9 for
the assault on Tsaritsyn and later the 1omposite =renadier 9ivision. They use the standard 5hite 7eteran card.
The Volunteer Infantry represents the case where the regular infantry doesnMt 'ustify 7eteran status I have no idea of
the !uality of the 1omposite =renadiers. /lternatively, it might be better grade ;lastoons. In the first case use the 5hite
7olunteer cardD in the second use the #non&4ost$ ;lastoon card P 0 Hbase and dice for siGe as per the other ;lastoon
units
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 2B
-olunteer Army #avalry mid2$%$% 0 $%&1
Table 1A d0 N 1 1ossac P 12 Hbase
basic type 2, ,, ., B +egular P 12 Hbase
0 %fficer P 1. Hbase
9educt 1 if in 1923
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, , 2 s!uadrons
regiment allocation ., B, 0 , s!uadrons
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per s!uadron
unit siGe variation ., B, 0 . bases per s!uadron
regiment 6=s 2, ,, ., B 1 tachana P 20 HbaseQ
0 2 tachanas P 20 HbaseQ
Q P 2. Hbase if 1ossac
artillery support 2, ,, ., B, 0 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F Hbase
9educt 1 if 1ossac or #bac&water$
infantry support B /n infantry battalion, from an appropriate list
0 ;layer may choose to tae an infantry battalion
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . )one
heavy support units B ;lane P 83 EfighterF
0 /ustin armoured car, if desired P B3
/n armoured train may be taen on a 0 if there is a rail line P 183
Table :A Troops come in brigades of two regiments with the same values on Tables 1 and 2
later regiments /t each new brigade, roll again at random starting from Table 1
Table 8A If there are an odd number of horse guns, add one horse gun P 0B E03F Hbase
last unit %therwise add two tachanas P 20 Hbase
/ core of motivated and e(perienced officers made the 7/ cavalry the best of the +15, with a distinct preference for
mounted charges over fire&power. It did not suffer in !uality as badly as the infantry when the army e(panded in siGe in
1919 and 1923, as the cavalrymen drafted tended to be veterans anyway.
The regular 5hite cavalry often operated in e(tremely large groups away from their infantry. 5hen it did this it
generally operated too !uicly for heavy support to eep up, though in a large set&piece battle it might appear.
/lthough the 7/ cavalry did not value mounted fire&power as highly as the +eds, they recognised the immense value of
tachanas.
"roop "ypes
The +fficer cavalry represents the elite 133O volunteer cavalry, which became rarer as the war drew on.
The Regular cavalry were generally formed on the basis of former units, most often a #composite$ regiment, whereby a
small unit was formed on the basis of men from what had been a division or brigade in the Imperial /rmy. They fought
in the style of the Tsarist army, with half the men lance armed.
The 7/ incorporated a few units of Cossac' cavalry from time to time. "y this stage there were large political
differences between 1ossacs and the regular 5hites, plus any units on this list will be fighting away from their home
lands, which always adversely affected 1ossac morale. The points values therefore assume the #non&4ost$ card.
I have assumed that officers did not crew (ac)an'as, so %fficer regiments use the standard 5hite Tachana card.
Iudenich
Flee 40% +ailway line on 2d0 N 82
Table 1A d0 N 1 1onscript P . Hbase
basic type 2, , 1onscript 2 %fficer P . Hbase 2 0
., B +egular P : Hbase
0 7eteran P 8 Hbase
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 , battalion regiment
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 . battalion regiment
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , bases per battalion
Table .A d0 N 1 1 base P 10 HbaseQ
regiment 6=s 2, , 1 base if the unit contains 1onscripts, otherwise 2 bases
., B 2 bases P 10HbaseQ
0 , bases P 10HbaseQ
Q P 18 Hbase if upgraded for a 7eteran unit
Table BA d0 N 1 mae a heavy support roll, if none already made
supportA 2 1avalry s!uadron of , bases P 12 Hbase
,, . 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
Table 0A d0 N 1 )one
heavy support units 2 "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase
, ;lane P 83 EfighterF
., B, 0 if #shoc$ 6ar 7 tan 2 . base 7eteran battalion P 83 2 ,2
otherwise /ustin armoured car P B3
Table :A d0 N 1, 2 The troop type worse than the last unit selected on Table 1
later regiments ,, . *ame basic type unit on Table 1 as that most recently selected
B, 0 The troop type better than the last unit selected on Table 1
Table 8A %ne field gun, if there is an odd number already P BB EB3F Hbase
last unit %therwise 2 mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
Table 0A / separate roll on the heavy support table should only be made if the army is #shoc$ in late 1919, but one
can arise otherwise as a result of a #1$ on Table B.
This covers the )orth&5est /rmy from 'ust before the drive on ;etrograd in late 1919 and through the retreat bac to
-stonia.
The army was structured along old Tsarist lines, with four regiment divisions, theoretically all the same. <nit siGes were
sufficiently small that a 0!# Actio"s #company$ was called a battalion in practise.
The army had been e(panded !uite !uicly at that time and the !uality of the troops was variable. 1avalry was not
plentiful but other supporting arms were, thans to /llied largesse.
The drive on ;etrograd was closely lined to railway lines and forward progress relied heavily on the effect of the small
unit of tans, which is why the chance of railway lines, armoured trains and tans is high. The 7eteran battalion
attached to a tan should operate in con'unction with that tan, not act independently.
The -stonian army provided strategic flan and rear support, but did not fight alongside the 5hites.
The scale is 1 base N .3 men appro(imately.
"roop "ypes
officer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if +egular until the first base is removed, whereupon it reverts to
1onscript. They might alternatively be <pgraded 1onscripts P B Hbase, but this loses their essential brittleness.
The )5 /rmy placed all regiments in the line without distinction, so Veteran, Regular and Conscript are based on
performance not troop types. The cards are the same as for southern 5hites, i.e. 7eteran, 7olunteer and 1onscript.
1avalry and artillery have regular 5hite values as there was sufficient e!uipment and trained crews.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 2:
3orth2Western #orps and Bula(2Bala(avich
Table 1A 5hite Infantry +egiment
basic type
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalion regiment
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 , battalion regiment
Table , contdA d0 N 1, 2 1onscript 2 %fficer P . Hbase 2 0
battalion type ,, ., B +egular P : Hbase
0 7eteran P 8 Hbase
)"A each battalion is diced for separately
Table .A d0 N 1, 2 2 bases P 10 HbaseQ
regiment 6=s ,, . , bases P 10HbaseQ
B, 0 . bases P 10HbaseQ
Q P 18 Hbase if 7eteran
Table . contdA d0 N 1, 2 3 bases P ,3 Hbase
regiment mortars ,, ., B 1 bases P ,3 Hbase
0 2 bases P ,3 Hbase
cavalry . %fficer s!uadron of , bases P 1. Hbase
B +egular s!uadron of , bases P 12 Hbase
0 +egular s!uadron of . bases P 12 Hbase
?or the second +ifle +egiment an automatic s!uadron if none already selected, otherwise none
Table B contdA d0 N 1 )one
artillery 2, , 4alf&battery of 1 field gun base P BB EB3F Hbase
., B, 0 "attery of 2 field gun bases P BB EB3F Hbase
Table 0A /n armoured train may be taen on a ., B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183
heavy support units
Table :A %nly two +ifle +egiments may be taen
other units
Table 8A / reserve battalion of random siGe and composition may be added, with 1 or 2 6=s
last unit
Table ,A )ote that the battalions of the regiments dice separately for troop type.
Table .A The 6=s should be 7eteran in the same appro(imate proportion as the regiment it comes from.
This covers the 5hite forces in -stonia and the neighbouring area of +ussia up until /ugust 1919. The early 5hite
+ussian army around ;sov in late 1918 was so badly organised and e!uipped that it is not worth bothering with. The
+eds pushed them bac into the "altic states and in early 1919 the #)orthern 1orps$, later the #)orth&5estern 1orps$
basically sheltered in the -stonian lines.
In 6ay the )5 1orps attaced out and held the @uga;sov area by themselves until *eptember. The army was
composed of two brigades in 6ay, each 2 +ifle +egiments, 1 1avalry *!uadron, 1 /rtillery "attalion and a +eserve
"attalion. There was a small army reserve. )o army should e(ceed brigade siGe, and most actions would involve about
half that strength.
The army slowly gathered its strength very slowly and it was not until /llied supplies started arriving that it started to
be decently e!uipped. +einforcements also arrived in the form of ;rince @ievenMs troops from @atvia.
"ecause it was !uite a small army but attempted to act as if it were a much larger one in terms of structure, the good
units and poor units were all mi(ed up in the line. Therefore I have, unusually, made the list vary !uality randomly
inside a regiment. <nit siGes were small, in the e(pectation that they were only cadres for later e(pansion, and battalions
act as 0!# Actio"s #companies$.
The %fficer cavalry reflects the volunteer and upper&class nature of the early mounted units. I am unclear if they can be
considered charging cavalry, but they were probably never given much of a chance due to their small siGe Ethis list tends
to e(aggerate their numbersF.
The -stonians attached their "altic +egiment at the start of the 6ay offensive. It was appro(imately , battalions Eabout
. bases eachF, , 6= bases and a field gun base. It was formed from ethnic =erman -stonians E"altsF and similar in
most ways to the @atvian "altic @andeswehr. 4owever it fought loyally for -stonia throughout the wars Ebut was ept
well away from the @atvian ?reiorps, 'ust in caseF.
"ula&"alaovich sometimes commanded a similar brigade siGed force operating independently of the 5hites Ealthough
under their command in theoryF. 4is units tended to tae on a rather more irregular style, and were notoriously
indisciplined.
The scale is 1 base N ,3 men appro(imately.
"roop "ypes
officer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if +egular until the first base is removed, whereupon it reverts to
1onscript. They could instead be made into <pgraded 1onscript P B Hbase, although this does not really cover their
brittle nature.
%ther +ussian troops use standard 5hite cards, for their class with the 7olunteer card for +egular infantry battalions.
The "altic +egiment can use the )ationalist +egulars card, or perhaps the "altic @andeswehr card, if being generous.
.O*4#)
Flee @ 40% +ailway line on 2d0 N 132
Table 1 InfantryA
basic type
d0 N S -arly @ate
1 %fficer 1onscript
2 %fficer 7olunteer
, 1Gech 7eteran
. 1Gech %fficer
B, 0 1Gech 1Gech
P . Hbase for 1onscript
P 8 Hbase for 7eteran or 1Gech
P 13 Hbase for %fficer
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 battalions
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 , battalions
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per battalion
unit siGe variation ., B . bases per battalion
Table .A d0 N 1, 2 3 6= bases P 10 Hbase for 7olunteer
regiment 6=s ,, . 1 6= base P 18 Hbase for 7eteran or 1Gech
B, 0 2 6= bases P 23 Hbase for %fficer
/dd 1 for 1Gech @egion
artillery supportA 2 If late period, a 1ossac s!uadron of . bases P 12 Hbase
, 1avalry s!uadron of , %fficer bases P 1. Hbase
., B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
0 If late period a "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
Table 0A If on the 7olga a gunboat may be taen P 133
heavy support /n armoured train may be taen on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183
Table :A d0 N 1, 2, , / regiment of the original basic type, rolling again from Table 2
later regiments ., B, 0 +oll randomly from Table 1
Table 8A / . base 1Gech battalion plus 1 6= P 8 Hbase 2 18
last unit
This list covers the 8%6<14 in *amara and the brief <fa 9irectory. 5hile the nature of the army is !uite well nown,
the relative proportions of the various troops and unit siGes are e(tremely speculative Esince both the 5hites and
"olshevis despised the 8%6<14, there has been precious little published about itF.
The early period covers the initial 1Gech attacs in >une 1918 and their e(pansion outward until about /ugust, assisted
by a few 5hite units. The opposition at this period is #-arly *oviet$. The later period covers the *oviet counter&attac
which weaened the 8%6<14 and then the <fa 9irectory to such a point that 8olchaMs coup could succeed in
)ovember 1918. "y this stage the enemy might be considered #+ed /rmy Infantry$, though many units would still be
replicated by #-arly *oviet$.
The 8%6<14 was 6ar(ist E*ocialist +evolutionary to be e(actF, even down to flying the +ed ?lag and having a
#;eopleMs /rmy$. The <fa government was less revolutionary but still dominated by *ocialists. They are termed
#5hite$ only for historical reasons basically because the *oviets labelled anyone who fought against them, regardless
of their actual position on the political spectrum, as #5hite$.
The 1Gechs were firmly *ocialist. They fought the "olshevis only when it was in their interest to do so in order to
proceed to the 5estern ?ront to fight for an independent 1Gechoslovaia hence they did not push on to 6oscow in
*ummer 1918 when they might have succeeded. Their success was as much about *oviet weaness as it was about their
power and their fame is not based on a great amount of actual fighting. -ven before 55I ended and 8olchaMs
reactionary government was installed the 1Gechs had lost all interest in fighting the "olshevis. ?rom that point they
acted only to secure the Trans&*iberian railway.
/t the start both sides fielded armies that numbered a few thousand over frontages of hundreds of ilometres. E5hile
the 1Gech @egion was some ,3,333 strong, only a handful were west of the <rals, and not all of them fought for the
8%6<14 even then.F -ven by the crucial battle of 8aGan E*eptember 1918F the anti&"olshevi forces could field only
about 0,333 men around the city, and the *oviets not a great many more.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,3
The presence of the 7olga gunboat s!uadron was vital to the capture of 8aGan, though it didnMt do too much in its
defence. The famous 1Gech armoured trains would appear to be a phenomenon of their time guarding the Trans&
*iberian +ailway. %ther heavy support was notable by its absence.
The 8%6<14 struggled terribly with shortages of weapons and supply. 5hat little they got was usually captured from
the +eds. The 1Gechs mostly only had small arms and were not giving them away to others. /llied supplies were not
yet coming through and in any case the /llies did not view the 6ar(ist government at all indly, being largely
indistinguishable from the "olshevis.
"roop "ypes
The C-ec) 2egion was the principal agent in the establishment of the 8%6<14 government. 4owever, they were not
terribly enthused by fighting the "olshevis and are simple veterans.
The +fficer units represent those built around officers and cadets in the area. "ecause the 8%6<14 was *ocialist they
struggled to recruit further officers once their power was established, despite actively fighting the "olshevis Emany
officers went instead to the reactionary *iberian ;rovisional =overnment further east, especially the more reactionary
onesF.
The ;eopleMs /rmy resorted to conscription, against its principles, but were mostly unable to arm or train even the small
number that they got. The high proportion of Volunteer and Veteran ratings is because generally only motivated units
appeared at the front, not because the army was particularly eager in general.
There were some een volunteer Cavalry units from the start, but very little.
/ few Cossac's later assisted later. /s normal for when not fighting for their 4ost Eand for *ocialists particularlyF I
believe they should be downgraded to the #non&4ost$ card, and I have assumed this for the cost.
I now that there was some C-ec) Cavalry but I have no idea how much or where it was fielded. =iven their desire to
leave via the railway as !uicly as possible and the difficulty of transporting and feeding horses, I strongly suspect that
it dates to later and further east and have left it out entirely.
The Artillery would have had sufficient trained officers and crew but there was an e(treme shortage of guns, even after
some had been captured from the enemy. /mmunition was always in short supply.
.olcha( Infantry /ivision
Table 1A d0 N 1, 2 1onscript P . Hbase
basic type ,, . 1onscript 2 %fficer P . Hbase 2 0
B +egular P : Hbase
0 7eteran P 8 Hbase
: %fficer P 13 Hbase
/dd 1 if early 1919
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 , battalion regiment
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 . battalion regiment
regiment 6=s 2, , 1 base if the unit contains 1onscripts, otherwise 2 bases
., B 2 bases P 10HbaseQ
0 , bases P 10HbaseQ
Q P 18 Hbase if 7eteran or %fficer
Table BA d0 N 1 on a d0 N 0, adding 1 if #shoc$, mae a heavy support roll
artillery supportA 2 )one
,, . 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
cavalry support B 1avalry s!uadron of , +egular bases P 12 Hbase
0 1avalry s!uadron of . +egular bases P 12 Hbase
heavy support units . "attery of 2 heavy howitGers P :3 Hbase
B ;lane P 83 EfighterF
Table :A d0 N 1, 2 The troop type worse than the last unit selected on Table 1
later regiments ,, . *ame basic type unit on Table 1 as that most recently selected
B, 0 The troop type better than the last unit selected on Table 1
Table 8A %ne field gun, if there is an odd number already P BB EB3F Hbase
last unit 1avalry s!uadron of . 1ossac bases P 12 Hbase
This covers the non&1ossac portion of 8olchaMs /rmy until its disintegration in late 1919.
The southern part of the line was the %renburg /rmy for much of the period, commanded by /taman 9utov. Their
units can be generated on the separate Independent 1ossac list Esee the *iberian option at the bottomF.
1avalry was reasonably plentiful and apparently reasonable !uality. /rtillery was variable, but did at least have
!ualified officers commanding, even when they had to use unfamiliar /llied e!uipment.
The 1Gechs now performed rear area security only. )o intervention forces ever fought for 8olcha.
"roop "ypes
8olchaMs army was largely Conscript, and prone to melt away at the first reverse. I do not thin there is much cause to
upgrade any of the 1onscript basic type to <pgraded 1onscript.
The Conscript 1 +fficer units maes use of the rule in 0!# Actio"s! that allows the 5hites to improve the value of
conscripts by adding an officer base to the unit. The resulting unit acts as if +egular until the first base is removed,
whereupon it reverts to 1onscript. This reflects the basic brittleness of much of the army.
There were several units which merit being Veteran, a few good enough to !ualify as +fficer. They were consistently
the spearhead of the attacs, but were not numerous enough to mae up for the low !uality of the bul of the army.
*ome of these elite units better units were titled #*hoc$ but others with this name were no better than conscript.
The Cavalry use normal 5hite cards, with Cossac's being #non&4ost$.
.olcha( #avalry Brigade
Table 1A d0 N 1, 2, , 1ossac P 12 Hbase
., B +egular P 12 Hbase
0 %fficer P 1. Hbase
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2 2 s!uadron regiment
regiment allocation ,, ., B, 0 , s!uadron regiment
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per s!uadron
unit siGe variation ., B . bases per s!uadron
0 B bases per s!uadron
Table .A There are no tachanas
Table BA d0 N 1, 2 )one
artillery supportA ,, . 4alf battery of 1 horse gun P 0B E03F Hbase
B, 0 "attery of 2 horse guns P 0B E03F Hbase
Table 0A )one
heavy support units
Table :A / brigade is two regiments of the same basic type
later regiments
Table 8A )one
last unit
This list covers the cavalry in 8olchaMs army during 1919.
It seems that it operated in smallish independent brigades away from the infantry. 6uch of it appears to have been
1ossac.
"roop "ypes
The line Cavalry use the standard 5hite values. *ome units appear to have been sufficiently good to !ualify as %fficer.
The Cossac's use #)on&4ost$ as usual when fighting away from their homes and for a 5hite army.
I am unaware of any use of (ac)an'as in the east.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,,
Polish Infantry /ivision
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S ;re&divisional 1919 9ivisional 1919 1923
1 ;.%.5. <pgraded 1onscript 7olunteer
2, ,, . <pgraded 1onscript +egular +egular
B, 0 +egular @egionnaire @egionnaire

P . Hbase for ;.%.5., 1onscript or 7olunteer
P B Hbase if <pgraded 1onscripts
P : Hbase for +egular
P 8 Hbase for @egionnaire
Table 2A d0 N 1 2 company battalion
battalion allocation 2 , company battalion, but ,
rd
1ompany is 1onscript
,, ., B, 0 , company battalion
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , bases per company
unit siGe variation ,, ., B . bases per company
0 B bases per company
Table .A d0 N 1 3 bases
battalion 6=s 2 1 base P 18 HbaseQ
,, . 2 bases P 18 HbaseQ
B, 0 , bases P 18 HbaseQ
Q P 23 Hbase if @egionnaire
artillery supportA ,, ., B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
9educt 1 from the die roll for 1919. /dd 1 if #shoc$, deduct 1 if #bac&water$.
Table B contdA d0 N 1, 2, , )one
cavalry support . , base cavalry s!uadron P 1. HbaseQ
B . base cavalry s!uadron P 1. HbaseQ
0 , base cavalry s!uadron and tachana P 1. HbaseQ
Q P 13 Hbase if 7olunteer
heavy support units , "attery of 2 field gun bases P BB EB3F Hbase
. "attery of 2 heavy howitGer bases P :3 Hbase
B ;lane P 83 EfighterF
0 d0 N 1, 2 ?T&1: tan, if 1923 and #shoc$ P 03
,, . 2 ?ord ?T&" armoured cars P ,3 each
Table :A ?or pre&divisional 1919A +oll randomly
later battalions %therwiseA d0 N 1, 2, ,, . %riginal basic type
B The troop type worse than the original basic type
0 The troop type better than the original basic type
Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . 4alf&battery of 1field gun base P BB EB3F Hbase
last unit B, 0 -ngineerH=renadier company of , @egion bases P 1. Hbase
Table 1A If you want 1919 units and do not want to pre&decide whether divisional or notA start >anuary 1919 with
re!uiring a d0 N 0 is divisional and lower the number re!uired for every two months later Eso by
)ovember the chance is 133OF.
Table 2A The third company basic type is 1onscript, but for pre&divisional 1919 they could be substituted with
;.%.5. and in 1923 could be 7olunteer reinforcements.
Table B The cavalry is only 7olunteer if the original army basic type is 7olunteer or ;.%.5., regardless of the
class of unit it is actually selected with. 9ivisional 1919only gets regular cavalry.
This list is intended to cover the eastern fronts only fighting <rainians, *oviets and, potentially, @ithuanians.
The ;oles also fought the =ermans on a couple of occasions, during the original insurrection in ;oGnania and
;omerania and then later against the ?reiorps. These were largely city fights or small scale actions, and this list does
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,.
not try to cover them. The fighting against the 1Gechs was very brief and only half&hearted.
The ;olish army was e(tremely erratically organised in early 1919, basically being a# hoc units lumped together.
*lowly it was formed into regular divisions, but these remained of very variable siGe and the amount of support was
even more variable. The situation at the "attle of 5arsaw again saw the use of large numbers of #=roups$, combining
whatever was at hand and leading to eccentric combinations of troops. =enerally, however, these groups were ept from
the front line and I have not tried to replicate them.
The ;olish cavalry brigades operated almost e(clusively away from the infantry. 6ost infantry divisions had divisional
cavalry however, occasionally !uite large regiments. The large but variable amount of cavalry support on the list
represents both divisional cavalry and the occasional addition of an e(tra cavalry regiment to a basically infantry force.
This however would only be available on a random basis, so the infantry and cavalry lists should not be combined,
regardless of the points value selected.
The technical support from the /llies, and particularly vehicles, did not start showing up in any amount until 1923. The
tans, despite many statements to the contrary, were not much use in the !uicly moving battles and were not much
used as a result. They were helpful when defending the frontal attac on 5arsaw Enear +adGyminF. The armoured cars
seem to have been often used in !uite large groups. The heavy support table would appear 'ustified only in 1923.
;erhaps a roll for every third battalion drawn.
The figures scale is 1 base N .3 to B3 men.
"roop "ypes
The P3+343 was an underground military organisation formed during 55I, around which many of the first ;olish units
were formed. I would apply the card to any self&defence units of the early days, whether strictly speaing ;.%.5. or not.
These units filled the breach in the desperate early days but, lie the +ed =uards with whom they have many
similarities, suffered when compared to regularly organised units and were merged into regular units as soon as the
authorities could do so.
The 2egionnaire card covers any of the better ;olish divisions, not 'ust the #@egions$ proper. 6any of these already
e(isted in early 1919, but were not yet properly organised or e!uipped, so count as regulars for that period.
/s the war against the *oviets went badly there was a massive influ( of hastily raised Volunteers even a whole
infantry division of them. These were very een but not particularly well trained or e!uipped. There is no specific card
for them, but I recommend the ;.%.5. card as this covers patriotic but poorly trained troops, but the conscript card
could be used instead.
The divisional Cavalry is +egular e(cept for where the original basic type rolled was 7olunteer or ;.%.5., in which
case the unit is assumed to have e!ually hastily raised support, and who therefore use the 7olunteer 1avalry card.
6y ;olish card set also includes one for the 2565 &aglets. These were units of volunteers of e(treme patriotism, often
very young, formed to fight the =alician <rainians. The card is not to be taen too seriously it is for the #heroic$
version of the battles for @Mviv.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,B
Polish #avalry
Flee @ "0% +ailway line at 2d0 N 12
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S -arly 1919 @ate 1919 1923
1 =reen +egular 7olunteer
2 =reen +egular 1ossac
,, ., B, 0 +egular +egular +egular

P 13 H base for =reen and 7olunteer
P 12 Hbase for 1ossac
P 1. Hbase for +egular
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, , 1 unit
regiment allocation ., B, 0 2 units
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , bases per unit
unit siGe variation ,, . . bases per unit
B, 0 B bases per unit
regiment 6=s 2, ,, ., B 1 tachana P 20 Hbase
0 2 tachanas P 20 Hbase
9educt 2 for early 1919 and 1 for late 1919.
artillery supportA ,, ., B 4alf&battery of one horse gun base P 03 Hbase
9educt 1 for each of early 1919, #bac&water$ and 7olunteer. /dd 1 for #shoc$
Table 0A d0 N 1, 2, ,, ., B )one
heavy support units 0 ;lane P 83 EfighterF
%nly for #shoc$ in 1923
Table :A d0 N 1, 2, ,, ., B <se the same basic type and roll again on Table 2
later regiments 0 +oll randomly again on Table 1
Table 8A /dd a , base s!uadron of the original basic type. P same
last unit
;olish cavalry regiments varied considerably in siGe, but historical s!uadron siGes are too small to game with.
*ometimes , bases will represent an entire regiment, but other times it will re!uire two B&base #s!uadrons$.
;olish cavalry operated entirely independently of their infantry and with very little support, so there is no infantry on
the list and virtually no heavy support. The rare occasions where cavalry was sent to support infantry are covered in the
;olish Infantry list.
;olish cavalry brigades were made by slapping together three regiments from whatever source. Two, sometimes three,
brigades could then be placed together to mae a #division$, although really they remained collections of brigades.
;olish cavalry relied on tachanas for their fire support, sometimes accumulating large numbers in a regiment.
This uses a figure scale of appro(imately 1 base N .3 to B3 men.
"roop "ypes
Regular ;olish cavalry was highly motivated, but not the super&troops of some reports. It had a tendency to e(cessively
favour bravery over caution.
The Volunteer 1avalry of 1923, in which category I include border guard and reserve units, still was !uite good but
obviously not of the !uality of the +egulars. =enerally these untried units were ept away from the crucial parts of the
front.
The Green 1avalry represent the many units were sent to the front well before they were properly ready. They can also
use the 7olunteer cavalry card.
The Cossac's are for the two brigades of +ussian 1ossacs fighting for the ;oles, one largely 9on and the other largely
8uban. %ne actually fought as part of the ;olish 1
st
1avarly 9ivision for a while. They appear to have performed
creditably enough, and can use the #non&4ost$ 5hite 1ossac card.
"lan
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,:
4(rainian 5alician Army up to 6uly $%$%
Flee @ "0% +ailway line at 2d0 N 02 to end of 6arch, 132 to end of /pril, 12 for 6ay to >uly
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S -arly ?orces +egular /rmy
1, 2 Irregular <=/ +egular
,, ., B +egular <=/ +egular
0 *ich +iflemen <=/ *ich +iflemen
P . Hbase for Irregular P B Hbase for +egular P 0 Hbase for *ich +iflemen
Table 2A d0 N 1 2 battalions
regiment allocation 2, ,, . , battalions
B, 0 . battalions
Table ,A d0 N 1 , bases per battalion
unit siGe variation 2, ,, . . bases per battalion
B, 0 B bases per battalion
regiment 6=s 2, , 1 6= base P 10 HbaseQ
., B 2 6= bases P 10 HbaseQ
0 , 6= bases P 10 HbaseQ
9educt 1 if unit is Irregular basic type Q P 18 Hbase if *ich
Table BA d0 N 1 mae a roll on the heavy support table
regular support 2, , 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P BB EB3F Hbase
., B, 0 "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
This version of the table only applies for Regular units
Table B alternativeA d0 N 1 )one
irregular support 2 *!uadron of , ?ree 1ossac cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
, *!uadron of . ?ree 1ossac cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
., B, 0 4alf&battery of 1 Irregular field gun P .3 Hbase
This table only applies for Irregular units
early heavy support , *!uadron of , cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
., B ;lane P 83 EfighterF
This version only applies to the &arly Forces period
Table 0 alternativeA d0 N 1, 2, , *!uadron of , +egular cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
late heavy support ., B 4eavy howitGer battery of two howitGers P :3 Hbase
This version only applied to the Regular /rmy period
Table :A <nits are selected in brigades. The siGe of each brigade being randomly determinedA
later regiments d0 N 1 Two units the same basic type on Table 1
2 Three units the same basic type on Table 1
,, ., B ?our units the same basic type on Table 1
0 *i( units the same basic type on Table 1
The basic type of the ne(t brigade is determined randomly
Table 8A Two mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
last unit
Table 1A The early period covers up until about 6arch 1919, depending on the front.
Table 0A The cavalry in the -arly ?orces heavy support should be Irregular or +egular to match the basic type of
the regiment.
This is the /rmy of the 5est <rainian ;eopleMs +epublic, which attempted to gain control of the area of western
modern <raine and a bit of eastern modern ;oland generally nown as =alicia. The ;oles also claimed this area
Ewhich had been in ;oland before the partitionsF and after a brief war con!uered it, absorbing it into inter&war ;oland.
The fighting in the early period was centred on control of the rail lines, especially that serving @Mviv to the west,
basically in the area of the modern ;olish&<rainian border Ebut with a corridor to @MvivF. / front line was also
established with *oviet +ussia, but the fighting was limited and the ;oles soon pushed the +ussians bac. 9uring this
period the =alician forces were an amalgam of e(&/ustrian regular units and local defence forces, some of them
carrying over from resistance during the 4etmanate period.
/ fully regular 5est <rainian army was !uicly organised, however, although some partisans continued to operate
away from the formal lines. This was the <rainian =alician /rmy, the <=/ Eor <4/, depending on whether the
transliteration is from +ussian or <rainianF. @Mviv was still the prime effort in the early period, followed by the areas
north and south of there. *econdary fronts were formed facing the *oviets and +omanians.
In 6ay the ;oles launched an attac that drove the <=/ bac from the @Mviv area. There was a brief successful
counter&attac by the =alicians, and then a short ;olish offensive in >uly drove the <=/ into the 9irectory <raine.
The list does not cover the <=/ after the ;olish victory it was to subse!uently fight with the 9irectory <raine, the
5hites, the +eds and the ;oles, but was never really the same afterwards.
Towards the middle of 1919 the +omanians also attaced =alicia, around 8olomyya. The <=/ did little to actively
oppose them, as +omanian intentions were limited and the ;olish threat was more important.
The <=/ was noted for its tenacity in defence but lac of impetus on attac, its e(cellent artillery, and its lac of
cavalry it was very much a 55I style army in its composition and doctrine. Its ma'or weanesses were a lac of a
decent supply of small&arms ammunition and insufficient officers. %nce the ;oles cut off access to supply via
1Gechoslovaia in 6ay the end was certain.
-arly on it had air superiority, but this was soon lost to the ;oles. There were a handful of armoured cars, but they do
not seem to have been used very aggressively. /s =alicia contained oil wells, the <=/ planes and armoured cars did
not suffer the fuel and lubrication issues that plagued most +15 armies.
I recommend that the heavy support table be used only at random, via Table B. )oteA the chances of heavy support this
way are larger than for most armies in order to to compensate.
The =alicians do not seem to have made much use of armoured trains. Indeed, the later portion of the war was unusual
for the period in that the main a(es of attac from both sides were not along the railways.
"roop "ypes
The 7ic) Rifle$en were a carry&over from an <rainian legion in the /ustrian army. They were the best unit of the
<=/ but their values are lowered compared to the veteran status they could probably otherwise 'ustify due to the lac
of !ualified officers and the perennial shortage of ammunition. Their values are also weighted towards tenacity in
defence and sluggishness in attac.
The Regulars also have lower values than their otherwise regular status due the command and ammunition problems,
and are better on defence than attac. In the early period the regulars represent former line /ustrian units.
The =alician Regular Cavalry was rare and poor . <se the <rainian cavalry card.
<=/ Artillery was e(cellent and did not suffer the supply issues of the rest of the army. <se the <=/ artillery card.
The Irregulars represent local partisans, sometimes independent locals, sometimes in groupings under a local #ataman$.
-ither way, they use the /taman Irregulars card.
The Irregular Cavalry is the mounted e!uivalent of the /taman Irregulars and use the ?ree 1ossacs card Ealthough
IMm not sure the ?ree 1ossac movement, as such, made it to =alicia.
/ny Irregular Artillery would suffer from all the problems of partisan artillery, especially lac of training and
ammunition. The irregular guns should therefore use a #poor$ artillery card, the obvious one being the <)+ artillery
card.
4(rainian /irectory Army $%$7 0 $%&1
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S to >une 1919 >uly to %ct 1919 from )ov 1919
1, 2 Irregular <)+ Infantry <)+ Infantry
,, . <)+ Infantry <=/ <pgraded <)+ Infantry
B <pgraded <)+ Infantry <pgraded <)+ Infantry <)+ *ich
0 <)+ *ich <)+ *ich <)+ *ich
P . Hbase for Irregular or <)+ P B Hbase for <pgraded <)+ or for <=/ P 0 Hbase for +egular
Table 2A d0 N 1, 2, , 2 battalions
regiment allocation ., B, 0 , battalions
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2 , bases per battalion
regiment 6=s 2, , 1 6= base P 10 Hbase
., B 2 6= bases P 10 Hbase
0 , 6= bases P 10 Hbase
9educt 1 if unit is Irregular basic type
Table BA d0 N 1 %n a d0 N ., B, 0 mae a roll on the heavy support table
support 2 *!uadron of , cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
, *!uadron of . cavalry bases P 8 Hbase
., B 4alf&battery of 1 field gun P .3 HbaseQ
0 "attery of 2 field guns P .3 HbaseQ
Q upgraded to P BB EB3F Hbase if <=/
heavy support . 4eavy howitGer battery of two howitGers P :3 Hbase
later regiments
Table 8A Three tachana bases P 23 Hbase
last unit
Table BA The cavalry should be Irregular or +egular to match the basic type of the regiment.
This is the /rmy of the <rainian ;eopleMs +epublic E<)+F of the eastern <raine. %ften referred to as the 9irectory,
which was its top political body, or by reference to *imon ;etliura, who was the leading political and military figure.
The <)+ was never much of a government. -ven at its brief pea it depended on local /tamans over who it had little
control, other than in the immediate environment of 8iev. Initially attempting to oppose the ?rench, +omanians, ;oles,
5hites and *oviets, the 9irectory !uicly concentrated the bul of its forces against the threat from the +ed /rmy. It
didnMt do much good, as by 6ay 1919 the +eds succeeded in con!uering almost all of the eastern <raine.
The <)+ /rmy hung on in ;odilia, assisted by the ;oles and 'oined by the <=/ E<rainian =alician /rmyF. /s the
+eds fell bac in later 1919 in the face of the renewed 5hite attac, ;etliuraMs army e(panded again, briefly taing
8iev. %nly to be swept aside !uicly as the +eds stormed south after their victory at %rel&8romy. +avaged by typhus,
the few thousand remaining men too refuge in ;oland.
In 1923 the <rainians wored closely with the ;oles, enlarging their forces into a couple of decent&siGed divisions.
They too part in the offensive on 8iev, retreated with the ;oles and then later faced off successfully against "udUnnyMs
1
st
4orse /rmy. /fter the ;oles signed their cease&fire, the <)+ led an attac on their own into the <raine, which was
!uicly defeated. @ater in 1921 there was on last small attac, even more desperate and brief than the previous one.
The <)+ /rmy was never much good indeed it was !uite possibly the worst regular army of the +15. The eastern
<rainians were not particularly patriotic, most preferring to defend their own little patch in the many /taman armies
which sprang up. =eographically cut off from outside supply, and deprived of foreign support because the 5hite
politicians opposed their separatism and *ocialism, the army suffered e(treme supply problems in 1919, only partly
solved by allying with the ;oles.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .3
The list does not cover the /taman armies who pledged allegiance to the <)+ government, but through&out 1919 there
were partisan groups willing to operate with it, and these provide the Irregular elements of the list.
Information about the armoured cars and armoured trains of the <)+ is very slight, but they appear to have had both, at
least in 1919.
The early army can also be used for the 1918 0a#a <raine.
)oteA although the <)+ army is not very good, for most of its history its correct historical opponent is -arly *oviet or
&ack+wat!r +ed /rmy infantry, which is generally not a lot better.
"roop "ypes
The specific <)+ cards have values are almost identical to the basic )ationalist set.
The standard early troop type is U8R Infantry which is your basic 1onscript . The low !uality reflects the many
problems facing the army, but mostly their lac of patriotic support. The Upgraded U8R is the same card but without
#mob$.
The U8R 7ic) represent troops more committed to the cause Ebut still only have values of a basic regularF. In later
periods this might be as much anti&"olshevi in sentiment as pro&<rainian separatist. The <)+ *ich card stands for
these better <)+ troops, regardless of actual units Eoriginally formed around =alicians, the #*ich$ title soon lost that
connection and 'ust became a nameF. %riginally they would have been volunteer units, often students, but the period in
;oland allowed some relief to organise and train the army, so overall !uality rose a bit.
?rom >une to %ctober 1919 the UGA fought alongside the <)+. ?or simplicity, I assume that during this difficult
period that the <=/ *ich +iflemen lost their special status. The <=/ have their own card.
<rainian Cavalry seems to have been difficult to raise and of poor !uality. +egulars use the <rainian 1avalry card.
I have assumed that the (ac)an'as were liewise of indifferent !uality.
<rainian Artillery also seems to have been of poor !uality, e(cept when it was <=/. The <)+ artillery is therefore
#?ire$ N 12.
The Irregulars represent the various /tamans who fought alongside the <)+. The foot use the /taman Irregulars card
and the mounted partisan units, the ?ree 1ossacs card. EThe ?ree 1ossacs were local self&defence militias which rose
up after the revolution, modelling themselves on the ancient 1ossacs of the <raine often including colourful archaic
uniforms.F %n the rare occasions that irregulars have artillery, it should be poor !uality Ei.e. the <)+ cardF.
Atamans $%$% 0 $%&$
Flee @ 40% or "0% if a')novist +ailway line at 2d0 N 132
Table 1A
basic type
2d0 N S @eft "an <raine +ight "an <raine
2 6= bases if defending ?ield =uns if defending
, ;artisan Infantry ;artisan 6=s
. ;artisan Infantry ;artisan 6=s
B 6ahnovist Infantry /taman Irregulars
0 6ahnovist Infantry /taman Irregulars
: 6ahnovist 1avalry ;artisan Infantry
8 6ahnovist 1avalry ;artisan Infantry
9 6ahnovist Tachanas ?ree 1ossacs
13 6ahnovist Tachanas ;artisan 1avalry
11 ?ield =uns if defending ;artisan Tachanas
12 4eavy support ?ield =uns
P B Hbase for ;artisan Infantry P . Hbase for /taman Irregulars
P 0 Hbase for 6ahnovist Infantry P B Hbase for ;artisan Infantry
P 10 Hbase for 6=s P 10 Hbase for 6=s
P 1. Hbase for 6ahnovist 1avalry P 13 Hbase for ?ree 1ossacs
P 28 Hbase for 6ahnovist tachanas P 13 Hbase for ;artisan 1avalry
P 2. Hbase for ;artisan tachanas
P .3 Hbase for 6ahnovist artillery P .3 Hbase for ;artisan artillery
Tables ,, . V BA
number of bases
d0 N S infantry cavalry guns Tachanas 6=s
1, 2 , , 1 2 2
, . , 1 2 2
., B . . 2 , ,
0 B . 2 , ,

later units
Table 8A , units of . ;artisan Infantry bases P B Hbase
last unit
#@eft "an$ refers to the land east of the river 9nepr, but this list is to be thought of as a general type, rather than 'ust
applying to that region.
#+ight "an$ refers to the land west of the river 9nepr but not e(tending into =alicia, which seems to have been largely
free of the more powerful atamans.
Table 1A If rolling for a @eft "an ataman other than 6ahno, all troops labelled #6anovist$ become ;artisan,
and the ;artisan Infantry become /taman Irregulars.
This list is to allow players to generate independent partisan armies. %bviously it is not based on any sort of orbats or
T%-s and should be regarded merely as a basic template. It is termed #/tamans$ to distinguish them from the rather
combat&shy #=reens$, with who they have so much in common.
The best nown ataman of the @eft "an <raine is )estor 6ahno although his post&+15 fame rests chiefly on his
willing propagandists and his two stints in the +ed /rmy rather than his uni!ueness. 4is anarchism was simple, of the
#f&& off and leave us alone$ variety, and he and his men were e9tre$ely violent. There were plenty lie 6ahno
though, and witnesses were often not terribly discriminating in distinguishing the different allegiances Ewhich tends to
greatly e(aggerate 6ahnoMs influenceF. It does seem though that 6ahnoMs troops were superior in most military
respects and their card values are therefore noticeably higher than for other partisans.
The +ight "an <raine seems to have had doGens of atamans, but they generally had smaller outfits. *till some, such
as 9anylo Zeleny north of 8iev, ept large armies in e(istence and were able to fight off division&siGed attacs. This list
also covers the larger anti&5hite rebellions in the rear of the 5hites as they advanced towards 6oscow in late 1919.
The +ight "an armies seem to have had far less cavalry than those to the -ast.
The survival of these atamans was largely due to the poor !uality of the troops sent to contain them, whether 5hite or
+ed. -ven then 6ahno was nearly wiped out by the 5hites and twice entered the +ed /rmy in order to maintain his
e(istence. They should therefore fight #bac&water$ armies in until 1923. %nce the *oviets could send their best troops,
the days of the large partisan armies were numbered though it did tae until the end of 1921, thans to the very large
number of groups they had to deal with.
/fter the end of the 5hite armies in 1923 the +eds started to face very large armed opposition in +ussia proper,
especially in Tambov E/ntonovF and *iberia. Those armies would appear to be not significantly different from the +ight
"an /tamans.
"roop "ypes
Partisan Infantry was often very motivated, hence none of the relevant cards /taman Irregulars, ;artisan Infantry and
6ahnovist Infantry have the #mob$ characteristic, even when their other statistics would generally warrant it. Their
greatest weaness was poor fire&powerA caused by shortages of ammunition and lac of properly trained commanders.
Indeed, as soon as ammunition was plentiful their lac of fire discipline meant that they tended to blaGe away uselessly
at long range until the ammunition was short again. 4ence the short ranges and low #fire$ statistics of the cards. This
problem was particularly pronounced with the 6ahnovists, despite their undoubted determination, since their
commanders were selected on the basis of almost anything other than professionalism.
The inclusion of ;artisan Infantry in the 6ahnovist option is to cover the fre!uent incorporation of other groups into
his mob.
ac)ine:guns were sometimes used by partisan groups, but ammunition was a ma'or problem. <se the generic 6=
card.
The a')novist cavalry was particularly good, being 6ahnoMs favourite arm, and the #formed$ option reflects that.
%ther partisan cavalry tended to strongly favour fire&power over mounted charges when faced with steady opposition.
/lthough 6ahno probably didnMt invent (ac)an'as, he certainly used them in great numbers. %ther partisans use the
generic tachana card.
/rtillery was sometimes captured by partisans, and they usually had someone in their rans with enough e(perience to
fire them. =enerally they only used them until the ammunition ran out, and moving them any distance was always an
issue. / #poor$ artillery card should be used such as the generic field gun card, with #?ire$ N 12.
@iewise armoured cars and armoured trains were captured from time to time and used if the situation warranted it.
@ac of fuel and parts tended to mae the armoured cars a short&lived venture. The armoured trains were generally
unsuitable for long term purposes as they restricted the partisans to a rail line, maing them easy picings for regular
armies, but a captured one was sometimes ept for a while in order to launch long&distance raids or for supply purposes.
#art2orn infantry
6any of the +15 armies transported their infantry on locally obtained carts indeed it is hard to see how they could
have travelled so fast otherwise. "ut 6ahnoMs men had the advantage that the local carters fully sympathised with his
army and therefore were not prone to running off at the first sign of the enemy and would go further distances from
their homes. =iven the low speed of such carts, there would be little gain in speed, but in campaigns and riegsspiels
the carts prevent fatigue in the men.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .,
Baltic 3ationalists
Flee @ "0% for &stonians! @ 40% for 2atvians and 2it)uanians +ailway on 2d0 N 132
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S -stonians @atvians @ithuanians
1 1onscripts 1onscripts 1onscripts
2, ,, ., B +egulars +egulars 1onscripts
0 -lite +egulars +egulars
#*hoc$ and #bac&water$ amendments do not apply to @atvians or @ithuanians
P . Hbase for 1onscripts
or P B Hbase if <pgraded 1onscripts
P 0 Hbase for +egulars
P 8 Hbase for -lite
Table 2A d0 N 1 , company battalion, all the basic type
battalion allocation 2, , . company battalion, the .
th
being 1onscript if basic type is +egular
., B, 0 . company battalion, all the basic type
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per company
unit siGe variation . Two . base companies, rest , bases
B, 0 . bases per company
battalion 6=s 2, ,, ., B 2 bases P 10 HbaseQ
0 , bases P 10 HbaseQ
Q P 18 Hbase if upgraded for -lite battalion
artillery supportA ,, . 4alf battery of 1 field gun at ?ire N 10 P B3 Hbase
or at ?ire N 12 P .3 Hbase
B, 0 "attery of 2 field guns at ?ire N 10 P B3 Hbase
or at ?ire N 12 P .3 Hbase
<p to the "attle of 1esis EinclusiveF on a d0 N 1, 2, , @atvian and -stonian field guns are
downgraded to ?ire factor N 12. /ll @ithuanian guns are ?ire N 12
cavalry support ., B , base cavalry s!uadron if -stonian P 8 Hbase
0 , base cavalry s!uadron P 8 Hbase
/n army may only have one cavalry s!uadron
elite infantry support B , base -lite company, with 1 -lite 6= base P 8 Hbase 2 18
0 . base -lite company, with 1 -lite 6= base P 8 Hbase 2 18
heavy support units . ;lane P 83 EfighterF
B, 0 Improvised /rmoured car, counting as /ustin P B3
/n armoured train may be taen by -stonians on a B, 0 if there is a rail line P 183
/dd 21 if #shoc$
Table :A -stonians facing *oviets up until 6ay 1919 with a d0 N 1, tae an allied )5 1orps
later battalions regiment. %therwise, roll randomly from the start
Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . , base company of +egular infantry P 0 Hbase
last unit B, 0 2 mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
Table 1A -stonian conscripts at 1esis can represent the @atvians, and this will affect their later support rolls.
The #shoc$ and #bac&water$ amendments to the dice roll are not applied for this table for @atvians or
@ithuanians, as their theatres were not big enough to 'ustify the distinction.
Table 0A ?or -stonians the heavy support table would appear 'ustified at any time after a second battalion is selected. If
the area is deemed #shoc$ a 21 can be added to the dice roll.
?or @atvians the heavy support table would appear 'ustified only if fighting around +iga.
The heavy support table does not apply to @ithuanians at any time.
Table :A The 5hite +ussian allied battalion represents the times the )orth&5estern /rmy filled the line and should
include the usual support.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ..
The list applies for the newly created armies of -stonia, @atvia and @ithuania whether fighting the *oviets or ?reiorps.
The -stonians and @atvians seem to have been !uite happy to #lend$ companies around, which is why Table 8 includes
a solo regular infantry company.
The -stonians received a few foreign volunteers, who were important in the early days of the war as much for moral
as military reasons. They were absorbed !uicly into the -stonian structure and do not deserve separate morale rates, so
do not get to be separated out.
The planes are a stretch. They definitely had them, but were not able to fly many sorties.
The @atvians fighting the "ermondt&/valov 5estern 7olunteer /rmy near the city of +iga and the -stonians pushing
along the "altic coast both had the support of /llied naval vessels on !uite a large scale. In the absence of rules
covering off&table artillery, I have left this possibility out.
The scale is appro(imately 1 base N ,3 men.
"roop "ypes
The &lite card represents the -stonian armoured train landing companies and better independent units Esuch as the
8uper'anov ;artisan and 8alevlaste 6aleva battalionsF. ?or the @atvians it represents the odd independent company of
higher grade troops Estudents and training companies, perhaps e(&;artisans tooF.
The Regulars card is for the normal run of the -stonian and @atvian armies. Their !uality seems to have been pretty
good, although e!uipment was often short until the /llies started supplying in bul.
The Conscripts card is for newly raised units with little e(perience, including those that were volunteers. /s the armies
of this period were e(panding at a great rate, regular units might suddenly be given entirely green companies. I have
also applied it to the @atvian brigade at 1esis, although this may well be be a bit harsh. ;erhaps they should be
<pgraded 1onscripts. It would appear that the @ithuanian army was never very good, so it is their main type, but a
portion of them might also be upgraded.
"altic Cavalry was definitely not charging cavalry, generally used instead for scouting and rear area protection. It is not
clear that the @atvians or @ithuanians had any full cavalry s!uadrons at the front.
The Artillery comes with two fire factors. The poor one represents the early lac of !uality e!uipment. The /llies were
providing plenty of new material during mid&1919 but the crews had not yet had time to train on the unfamiliar guns, so
either factor might apply. /fter this period the higher factor should be used.
The -stonians in particular seemed !uite een on Ar$oured trains, though mostly of the #improvised$ sort.
They were also fond of Ar$oured cars, again often improvised.
There were a handful of -stonian ortars.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .B
8rei(orps in Latvia
Flee @ "0% vs 7oviets! @ 40% vs &stonians or 2atvians +ailway on 2d0 N 132
Table 1A
basic type
d0 N S vs *oviets vs -stonians vs @atvians
1, 2 "altic @andeswehr "altic @andeswehr 1
st
;lastoon +egt
,, ., B 7I +eserve 1orps Iron 9ivision 9ispirited ?reiorps
0 "altic +ecruits Iron 9ivision +ossbach
9o not apply #shoc$ or #bac&water$ amendments
P . Hbase for 1
st
;lastoon +egiment
P : Hbase for 9ispirited ?reiorps
P 8 Hbase for "altic @andeswehr
P 9 Hbase for Iron 9ivision and +ossbach column
P 13 Hbase for 7I&+eserve 8orps
Table 2A d0 N 1 2 company battalion
battalion allocation 2, ,, ., B , company battalion
0 . company battalion
Table ,A d0 N 1, 2, , , bases per company
unit siGe variation . %ne . base company, the rest , base companies
B, 0 . base companies
Table .A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . 2 bases P 18 HbaseQ
battalion 6=s B, 0 , bases P 18 HbaseQ
QP 10 Hbase for the campaign against the @atvians if applying a &1 to morale
artillery supportA 2, ,, . "attery of 2 field guns P BB EB3F Hbase
B 4alf heavy howitGer battery of 1 base P :3 Hbase
0 2 mortar bases P ,3 Hbase
cavalry support ., B , base cavalry s!uadron, but only if no cavalry selected previously
0 , base cavalry s!uadron P 12 HbaseQ
QP 13 Hbase for the campaign against the @atvians if applying a &1 to morale
6=** support B, 0 6=** company of 2 bases P 2. Hbase
+eplace with ordinary 6= bases for the campaign against the @atvians P 18 Hbase
heavy support units , ;lane P 83 EfighterF
. -ngineer company of , Iron 9ivision bases P 1B Hbase
B, 0 6= armoured car E-rhardt, counting as /ustinF P B3
Table :A d0 N 1, 2, , *ame basic type and battalion allocation as last time
later battalions ., B, 0 +oll randomly from the start
Table 8A d0 N 1, 2, ,, . 6=** company of two bases P 2. Hbase
within ,3 to 13 points B, 0 6an&handled infantry support gun P .3 Hbase
Table 1A The #shoc$ and #bac&water$ amendments to the dice roll are not necessary.
Table 0A / roll on the heavy support table would appear 'ustified, in general, with every second battalion drawn.
The ?reiorps generally operated in mi(ed arms columns numbering several battalions at most. /ll their wars were
distinguished by low troop densities.
The scale is appro(imately 1 base N ,3 men.
"roop "ypes
9ary P!rio#* %ighti"g th! :o$i!ts
VI Reserve #orps was the formal name of the =erman ?reiorps in @atvia and northern @ithuania. The card represents
all the =erman soldiers, from after von der =oltGMs shae&out of defeatist and *partaist elements until the 1esis
campaign. They are #*pecialist$ and #*irmisher$ to reflect the large amount of e(perienced men in the rans.
The %altic 2andes5e)r were initially recruited from the =erman speaing population of @atvia. Its value is slightly
lower than 7I +eserve 8orps because it initially laced the core of e(perienced soldiers during the initial fighting
against the *oviets. Therefore they are #*torm$ to reflect their eenness rather than #*pecialist$.
The %altic Recruits card is for situations where a lower grade unit is re!uired. These includeA
the defeatist elements of 7I +eserve 8orps at the very start of 1919, before von der =oltG shoo them out.
the native @atvian and +ussian elements of the "altic @andeswehr during the *oviet campaign in early 1919.
They were generally ept from the main action Eto deprive them of any gloryF and were not properly
supplied. The @etts eenness could not mae up for their lac of e(perience and the restrictions placed on
them by the =ermans. The +ussians were never very een to start with.
The G card is for all the ordinary 6=s of the above units. The G77 A,t card is to cover the independent 6=
battalions that were fielded, as these had specially trained men and superior e!uipment.
The Cavalry represents the "altic @andeswehr cavalry as well. The #?ormed$ stat is still on the card but I have seen no
evidence that the ?reiorps cavalry were prepared to charge with steel, so I recommend that they remain in loose order.
The Artillery and ortar cards are pretty obvious. There seems to have always been a good supply of ammunition,
though there were difficulties sometimes getting it to the front. ;oison gas was available, and definitely used later. It
can be added to a battery or two P 2B Hbase, but should restricted to counter&battery fire.
The troops in southern @ithuania in the early period were separate from the 7I +eserve 8orps, but can use the same
cards. They appear to have wored much more happily with the locals in opposing the *oviets.
;i##! P!rio#* %ighti"g th! 9sto"ia"s
The brief 1esis campaign was led by the @andeswehr, as the "alts tried to re&establish E"alticF =erman political
dominance in the area. 4owever they had absorbed a large amount of green recruits with the taing of +iga, so I have
factored this as cancelling out the morale boost of the victory of taing +iga and the e(perience gained.
The better Iron ;ivision card represents the men from that unit who were #lent$ to the "altic =ermans, both as large
units and smaller ones merged into the @andeswehr structure. This campaign was not popular and morale dipped, so the
card has lower values than the 7I +eserve 8orps, but retains the fact that the men were well trained.
<se the 6=, 6=**, cavalry, artillery and mortar cards as normal. /ny defeatist or poorly trained units were ept well
away from the fighting.
Lat! P!rio#* %ighti"g th! Lat$ia"s
/fter the failure at 1esis the @andeswehr were sent to the *oviet front.
The =erman elements of the ?reiorps merged into the small 5hite +ussian army in @atvia commanded by "ermondt&
/valov, to form the 5estern 7olunteer /rmy. This supposedly +ussian army Eactually mostly =ermanF was formed
solely for propaganda reasons, and really the ?reiorps continued as before. Its morale was now !uite poor.
The *
st
Plastoon Regi$ent card represents the +ussian portion of the 57/, which was never very eager Eas all the
genuine fighters had gone to -stonia with ;rince @ievenF and got worse as time went on. The better portions, that is
those with lots of =ermans, might alternatively use the "altic +ecruits card.
The ;ispirited Frei'orps uses the worse Iron 9ivision card and applies to most of the remainder of the 57/. 4owever
some parts were now e(tremely demoralised, and the "altic +ecruits card could be used for them.
The Ross,ac) column arrived very late in 1919, 'ust in time to save the =ermans from total disaster. They still retained
a high morale, so the higher Iron 9ivision card applies to them.
I would apply a &1 to morale for the 6=s, artillery and cavalry cards for the 5estern 7olunteer /rmy period.
Lat! P!rio#* %ighti"g th! Lith(a"ia"s
There was a tiny 5hite +ussian force, plus a few =erman units of poor morale. The fighting seems to have been on a
very small scale. <se the @atvian campaign option but replace 0 N +ossbach troops with "altic +ecruits.
<r!ikor)s =!hic!s
There is much e(aggeration of the ?reiorps air force. 5hile the =ermans had air superiority, this did not translate into
anything much useful by way of supporting the ground troops. EI believe the vast number of airframes in @atvia were
held there to escape the attentions of the /llies, not for use by the ?reiorps.F
There were a couple of armoured trains in southern @atvia and a hastily improvised train appeared during the "attle of
1esis in northern @atvia Ewhich at that time had a different gaugeF. The ?reiorps had a couple of armoured cars, of
=erman varieties. There were no tans.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .:
Appendi9 $: Points System
The points used are not official. They differ from the original 0!# Actio"s1 the ma'or difference is that they have been
doubled in order to add intermediate points Ewithout the need for [ pointsF. %therwise the only change is that the
comparative cost of veteran and elite infantry has been reduced. The troop types listed below are for my e(panded
unofficial card set.
Infantry
#onscript P . points
?ire N ., 6elee N ,, 6orale around 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0, #mob$, and a reduced rifle range
includesA +ed 1onscript, 5hite 1onscript, ;olish 1onscript, )ationalist 1onscript, <)+, 1
st
;lastoon
+egiment E?reiorpsF
similarA +ed =uard, +ed ;artisan, /taman Irregular, ;.%.5.
4pgraded #onscript P B points
)o #mob$, range usually 10
includesA <=/, #4ost$ 5hite ;lastoon, ;artisan, any 1onscript above without #mob$
Regular P 0 points
?ire N B, 6elee N ,, 6orale around : \ 0 \ 0 \ :
includesA +ed +egular, )ationalist +egular, <=/ *ich, "altic +ecruit, #non&4ost$ 5hite ;lastoon
similarA 6ahnovist ;artisan
4pgraded Regular P : points
6elee to ., perhaps slightly better morale than +egular
includesA 7olunteer Infantry, ;olish +egular
similarA downgraded Iron 9ivision
-eteran P 8 points
?ire N B, 6elee N ., 6orale around 8 \ 8 \ 8 \ 8, usually #storm$
includesA +ed @atvian, ;olish @egionnaire, 1Gech @egionnaire, 5hite 7eteran
similarA "altic @andeswehr, )ationalist -lite
4pgraded -eteran P 9 points
6elee to B
includesA +ed )aval Infantry
similarA Iron 9ivision
!lite P 13 points
?ire N 0, 6elee N B, 6orale at least N 8 \ 8 \ 8 \ 8, usually #specialist$
includesA 7I +eserve 8orps, 1h-8a, %fficer 1ompany, 1oloured Infantry, 1adets, -aglets
4pgrade to !ngineer;5renadier P 0 points
*achine25uns
Regular *5 P 10 points
?ire N 18, 6elee N 1, 6orale N & \ B \ 0 \ &
includesA +ed +egular, 5hite 7olunteer, <)+, ?reiorps with &1, all ;artisan types
with morale & \ B \ :
includesA ;lastoon, )ationalist, <=/
-eteran *5 P 18 points
?ire N 18, 6elee N 1, 6orale N & \ 0 \ : \ &
includesA +ed @atvian, +ed )aval, ?reiorps, ;olish, 5hite 7eteran
with 6orale N & \ 0 \ 8 \ &
includesA 1Gech, <=/ *ich, )ationalist -lite
!lite *5 P 23 points
?ire N 18, 6elee N 1, 6orale N & \ : \ 8 \ &
includesA %fficer, 1oloured, 1h-8a, ;olish @egion,
Special *5 P 2. points
6elee factor L 1 and increased range
includesA ?reiorps 6=**
#avalry
Poor P 8 points
?ire N 2, 6elee N 0, 6orale around : \ : \ : \ 0, #sirmisher$
includesA )ationalist, <rainian, ?ree 1ossac
.een P 13 points
?ire N 2, 6elee N :, 6orale around 9 \ 0 \ 0 \ :
includesA ;olish 7olunteer, +ed 1ossac, 1Gech
similarA +ed +egular, ;artisan, ?reiorps with &1 to morale
Regular P 12 points
?ire N 2, 6elee N :, 6orale around 9 \ : \ : \ 8, usually #sirmisher$
includesA ?reiorps, 5hite +egular, #non&4ost$ 5hite 1ossac
!lite P 1. points
*ome significant factors better than +egular, often #specialist$ or #storm$
includesA ;olish <hlan, 8onnarmiya, %fficer, #4ost$ 5hite 1ossac, 6anovist
"achan(as
Poor P 22 points
?ire N 12, 6elee N 1, 6orale around & \ B \ 0 \ 0
includesA <rainians
Regular P 2. points
?ire N 12, 6elee N 1, 6orale around & \ B \ : \ :
includesA +ed 1ossac, 7/ 5hite 1ossac, the generic card
5ood P 20 points
?ire N 12, 6elee N 1, 6orale around & \ 0 \ : \ 8
includesA +ed +egular, ;olish, 5hite +egular, 4ost 1ossac, 6anovist
EThe #?ire$ N 12 is standard. I also have cards for #?ire$ N 18 based on not allowing movement and firing.F
8ield Artillery
8%< ()e points costs ,elo50 and in t)e lists0 assu$e t)at you distinguis) ,et5een =8ire> ? *@ and =8ire> ? *A Bsee
Appendi9 /C and t)at t)ere are no restrictions on a$$unition supply3
Poor P .3 points
?ire N 12
includesA +ed =uard, <)+, poor )ationalist, all ;artisans
Regular P B3 points
?ire N 10
includesA +ed +egular, good )ationalist, ;olish, =eneric
5ood P BB points 4&(t o"y i% <ir! > 16 a"# 1? ar! #isti"g(ish!#5
?ire N 18
includesA 5hite +egular, 1Gech, <=/, ?reiorps
'$1 to upgrade any gun to )orse Artillery
'< for allo+ any gun 5as
)eavy )o+it=ers P :3 points
*an2handled Infantry Support 5un P .3 points
*ortars P ,3 points
Armoured #ars
?ord 6= /rmoured 1ar P ,3 points
/ustin 6= /rmoured 1ar P B3 points
=arford gun /rmoured 1ar P 83 points
"an(s
?T&1: Tan P 03 points
5hippet Tan P 03 points
6ar 7 Tan P 83 points
Planes
?ighters P 83 points
?ighter&"omber P 133 points
"omber P 1.3 points
*iscellaneous
/rmoured Train P 183 points
%ff&table /rmoured Train as heavy artillery P 93 points
=unboat P 233 points
Appendi9 &: #ard -ariants
These lists assume that players will use my unofficial versions of the cards for 0!# Actio"s, which e(pand the original
set considerably. They can be found atA httpAHHpygmy&wars.B3megs.comHwargamesHracardsHracards.html. I mostly follow
the basic values of the originals, but there are some changes worth noting.
Artillery
/ll standard 0!# Actio"s field guns have the same basis statistics for fire&power. I have amended many of them
downwards, to reflect a variety of different factors. The main reason is that most armies struggled to find ade!uately
trained gun commanders, and particularly the armies which discriminated against the bourgeoisie, which is the class
most artillery officers belonged to. -arly in the war some armies struggled to get ade!uate e!uipment or were not
ade!uately trained on unfamiliar material supplied by the /llies. )oteA downgrading the #?ire$ statistic says nothing
about the bravery or dedication of the crews, it is merely a technical assessment.
C The +ed =uard, <)+, partisans and early )ationalists suffered severe commander and e!uipment
problems. They are #?ire$ N 12.
C The +ed /rmy always struggled to get sufficient commanders and seems to also have had a problem with
ammunition !uality. They are #?ire$ N 10
C 6any )ationalist armies struggled to get satisfactory training on foreign e!uipment. I have therefore
graded the -stonians, @atvians etc as #?ire$ N 10.
The rest remain #?ire$ N 18.
3B: normal 0!# Actio"s does not give different results for #?ire$ of 10 and 18. In that case, 'ust cost all artillery e(cept
poor as #normal$ P B3 points per base or P 03 Hbase if horse artillery.
8ormed #avalry
5hile I believe that +ed 1avalry was willing and capable of frontally charging the enemy, I thin that it laced the
officers and training to do it in the classic nee&to&nee style. /pparently even the 5hites had problems getting their
1ossacs to charge in close formation, so strong was their preference for the loose&formation a$a. Therefore I
recommend that +ed cavalry not be allowed to be #?ormed$.
)ot that this should be considered a slight against +ed cavalry, who were considerably better !uality than most of their
opposition. In fact only the 5hites, 1ossacs, +eds, ;oles and 6ahnovists can be considered charging cavalry in any
sense the <rainian, "altic *tates, ?reiorps and basic partisan cavalry should not be charging frontally at all, let
alone in close formation. I consider that the 5hite and ;olish cavalryMs strength was with a sabre or lance in hand, while
the +ed cavalryMs strengths tended to be in fle(ibility and tenacity.
C 6y non&5hite and ;olish cavalry have the #formed$ movement allowance removed on my cards.
8ire -alues for #harging #avalry
Those units which retain the #formed$ ability did so because they preferred sabres and lances to carbines, whether for
reasons of chosen doctrine or forced onto them by ammunition shortages.
C 6y 5hite, 1ossac and ;olish cavalry all have their #?ire$ statistic lowered on my cards.
#ossac( #avalry
1ossac cavalry was rightly admired for its hors!ma"shi), but there is a lot more to being good ca$ary than the ability
to ride a horse. 9uring the +ussian 1ivil 5ar the 1ossacs performed !uite differently at different times and for
different armies. %ften they struggled for officers as the higher grades tended to sympathise with, and fight for, the
main 5hite armies.
The original set of +/ cards has very high values for the 1ossac 1avalry. I feel that this represents them well when
their morale was high and they were fighting for their own 4ost, e(cept that I trim the fire statistic.
C 5hat I call my =Dost> Cossac' Cavalry card is thereforeA % > ? > ? > 7 ' & ; 7 and is 1. points.
4owever, fre!uently they were not fighting for their own 4ost but were more or less forcibly drafted into forces with
who they had serious political disagreements. Therefore I have made another card which I apply as the default value for
1ossacs fighting for other non&"olshevi armies. This lower set of values is also useful for the many occasions when
the 1ossac morale slumped badly. It was not unusual for whole regiments to desert the front, or even to cross over as a
body to the enemy at bad times. In my view both these situations are inconsistent with the higher card.
C 5hat I thin of as my =non:Dost> Cossac' Cavalry card has valuesA 7 > ? > ? > ? ' & ; ? and is 12 points.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 ,
Their morale was even lower when fighting for the *oviets whole units were still deserting to fight for the enemy until
the very end of the +15. /s well as many of them having an aversion to losing their privileges under 1ommunist rule,
the +ed 1ossacs also laced the trained commanders that made them more formidable when fighting in 55I or for
the 5hites. 6y card follows the original, e(cept that I do not allow them to charge #formed$ and have once again
trimmed the fire&power statistic.
C The Red Cossac's card readsA ? > @ > @ > ? ' & ; ? and is 13 points.
#ossac( Infantry
The 4ost armies do not seem to have regarded fighting on foot as suitable for a 1ossac. There were severe shortages
of officers as well, since previously they would have been led by men who were not 1ossacs. Therefore I use the
original ;lastoon card for the 1ossac&based armies.
C 5hat I call my =Dost> plastoon card has values ofA @ > < > ? > ? ' A ; B and is B points.
4owever, when fighting for the main 5hite armies many of their weanesses were resolved. ?ighting on foot was not
disdained, there were properly trained officers available and supply was often better Eespecially when the 7/ could
supply them with @ewis guns etcF. Therefore I have added a card for when fighting for the 7/ and similar situations.
, 6y =non:Dost> Plastoon card has valuesA @ > @ > ? > ? ' <;B and is 0 points.
I have also added a lower card for poor 1ossac foot, identical in values to the ordinary 5hite 1onscripts card.
C The Conscript Plastoons card has valuesA @ > @ > @ > @ ' A ; B with #mo$ and is . points
"achan(as
In the first edition of 0!# Actio"s the tachana cards had #?ire$ N 18, to match the machine&gun cards. This was
subse!uently lowered to 12. I have retained the value of 18 because I do not allow tachanas to move and fire in my
games Ebased on the difficulty of hitting anything from a moving cartF and this reduces their fire effectiveness
considerably. If you do allow them to move and fire, then use the cards with factor 12, at the same cost.
, The #?ire$ value of tachanas is 12 if permitted to move and fire, or 18 if not.
8ire -alues of @
In the first edition of +ed /ctions a couple of Rlite infantry types had #?ire$ N 0. This was subse!uently lowered to B in
all cases. I prefer the higher value in certain circumstances, but use both.
, The #?ire$ value of some Rlite infantry is B or 0, according to taste.
*5 #ards +ith C
The basic system in 0!# Actio"s is that 6=s have no #1harge$ statistic, a #?ear$ value one lower than the e!uivalent
infantry, a #*erious$ value the same as the e!uivalent infantry and no #+ally$ value. Tachanas wor the same way but
add the #+ally$ value of their cavalry e!uivalent.
The original 0!# Actio"s set did not have cards for each type of 6= and tachana, which meant that the better troops
had 6=s worse than they should be. +ather than prepare a separate card for every troop type, I have amended some
with a #J$to indicate that their values may alter.
, *ome 6= cards have a #J$ added as a note that the values may vary, according to what they represent.
Amended #haracteristics
The #mob$ characteristic is added to all troops which represent conscripts. =enerally that will be the standard for that
troop type, but not necessarily. In particular, ;olish 1onscripts would normally be #<pgraded 1onscripts$ and not use
the #mob$ Eand accordingly pay an e(tra point per baseF.
, The #mob$ characteristic has been added to some cards, but this does not imply that they must use it.
*ome 6= and artillery cards have characteristics added, such as #*torm$ or #6ob$. These have no effect in standard
0!# Actio"s, but have been added for my house rules.
, 1haracteristics added to 6= and /rtillery cards are optional.
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 .
Appendi9 B: Opponents
This is a rough list of historical opponents in general order of descending importance for each army.
%pponents mared in itaics were fought only sporadically, without vigour or on a small scale. They are included only
to e(pand the range of possible historical opponents.
-arly *oviets -arly 7/
Insurgents 1ossac and =rigoriev
1ossacs
<)+ 1919 versions
-stonians
8omuch
;oles mostly non&divisional
5hites in 1entral /sia
"ritish in Trans&1aspia
*iberian Intervention Eincluding 1GechsF
@orth!r" -"t!r$!"tio"
ABA
0oma"ia"s
+ed /rmy Infantry ;oles mostly divisional
@ate 7/
1aucasian /rmy
8olcha
1ossacs
-stonians
Iudenich
<)+ mid and late periods
8omuch
?reiorps
Insurgents not =rigoriev or 1918
)orthern Intervention
)5 1orps
@atvians
+ed /rmy 1avalry @ate 7/
;oles 1923
1aucasian /rmy
1ossacs
<)+ mid and late periods
8olcha
Insurgents not =rigoriev or 1918
1921 *oviets 8ronstadt
/tamans
=reens
/rmenia, =eorgia and /Gerbai'an
"asmachi
5hite +ussians
<)+
+ed Insurgents +ed /rmy
@ate 7/
1ossacs mostly *iberian
:i&!ria" -"t!r$!"tio"
=rigoriev +ed /rmy Infantry bac&water
?rench in %dessa
other /tamans +ight "an
Eshould have fought the +omanians but rebelled insteadF
Independent 1ossacs -arly *oviets
+ed /rmy
Atama"s @eft "an, including 6ahno
Pygmy Wars Lists 1/3/2006 B
1ossac Insurgents -arly *oviets and +ed /rmy
Lat! =A generally bac&water varieties
-arly 7/ -arly *oviets
@ate 7/ *mall +ed /rmy
-(panded +ed /rmy
Insurgents mostly 6ahno, not =rigoriev or 1918
Atama"s mostly @eft "an
1aucasian /rmy +ed /rmy
)orth&5est 1orps -arly *oviets
+ed /rmy Infantry
Iudenich +ed /rmy Infantry
8omuch -arly -arly *oviets
@ate -arly *oviets
+ed /rmy Infantry #bac&water$ perhaps, to replicate the very early +ed /rmy
8olcha +ed /rmy but not 1
st
4orse /rmy
;olish Infantry )on&div <=/
-arly *oviets
+ed /rmy Infantry
3C!choso$akia
1919 div +ed /rmy Infantry
<=/
1923 +ed /rmy
Lith(a"ia"s
;olish 1avalry 1919 +ed /rmy Infantry
<=/ +egular option
1923 +ed /rmy
<=/ -arly ;olish Infantry non&divisional
9ary :o$i!ts
+egular ;olish Infantry 1919 options
;olish 1avalry no more than a brigade
0oma"ia"s
<)+ -arly -arly *oviets
/tamans all
0oma"ia"s
6iddle /tamans +ight "an
+ed /rmy Infantry
Lat! =A
@ate +ed /rmy
/tamansA @eft "anA +ed /rmy generally a bac&water version until 1921
/tamans
A@0
Lat! =A
3ossacks
+ight "an /tamans
+ed /rmy generally bac&water infantry until 1921
<)+
<r!"ch i" D#!ssa
0oma"ia"s
6ahno +ed /rmy
@ate 7/ including mi(ed infantryHcavalry forces
/tamans
A@0 . 1E1E o"y
3ossacks
"altic )ationalists -stonians -arly *oviets
?reiorps
+ed /rmy Infantry
@atvians ?reiorps
+ed /rmy Infantry bac&water only
@ithuanians <r!ikor)s
0!# Army -"%a"try
Po!s
?reiorps -arly +ed /rmy Infantry actually particularly organised -arly *oviets
6iddle -stonians
@ate @atvians
Lith(a"ia"s
?rench in %dessa Insurgents =rigoriev
Atama"s +ight "ans
+omanians +ed 4ungarians
EInsurgents this invasion was planned but cancelled by =rigorievMs rebellionF
ABA
9ary :o$i!ts
A@0
*iberian Intervention -arly *oviets
-"s(rg!"ts & +ed
)orthern Intervention +ed /rmy Infantry
9ary :o$i!ts
Trans&1aspian "ritish -arly *oviets
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