Introduction

The purpose of this report is to identify the government as a social

institution this includes its functions and types. According to Vega, Prieto, &
Carreon (200,! "The institution #hich resolves con$icts that are pu%lic in
nature and involves more than a fe# people is called &overnment' The
(upreme Court of the Philippines de)nes government as *that institution %y
#hich an independent society ma+es and carries out those rules of action
#hich are necessary to ena%le men to live in a social state, or #hich are
imposed upon the people for that society %y those #ho possess the po#er or
authority of prescri%ing them., - (p..2/!. This #ill provide valua%le insight of
the government as a social dimension of education #hich may %e helpful in
teaching.
Defnition of Key Terms
. 0 P a g e
Politics
There is a general understanding among social scientists that
politics is the pattern of human interaction that serves to resolve
con$icts %et#een peoples, institutions, and nations. (Vega,
Prieto, & Carreon, 2001 .2/!
Politics is "the theory art, and practice of government-. The
political institution is the relatively sta%le cluster of statuses,
general norms, and role %ehavior #hich are involved in the
ac2uisition and e3ercise of society of #ide po#er and decision
ma+ing (Turner, .421 2/5!.
(tate
A state is a community of persons made up of persons more or
less numerous, permanently occupying a de)nite portion of
territory having a government of their o#n to #hich the great
%ody of inha%itants render o%edience, and en6oying freedom
from e3ternal control. The Philippines is one e3ample of a state.
&overnment
7t refers to the agency through #hich the #ill of the state is
formulated, e3pressed, and carried out.
Administration
The term administration #hich refers to the aggregate of
persons in #hose hands the reigns of government are for the
time %eing. (Vega, Prieto, & Carreon, 2001 .2/!
Functions of the Government
Vega, Prieto, & Carreon, 2001 .2/4
1. The Constituent Functions contri%ute to the very %onds of the
society and are therefore compulsory. Among the constituent functions
are as follo#s1
a. the +eeping of order and providing protection of persons and
property from violence and ro%%ery8
%. the )3ing of legal relations %et#een hus%and and #ife, and
%et#een parent and children8
c. the regulation of the holding transmission, and interchange of
property and determination of its lia%ilities for the de%t of crime8
d. the determination of contractual rights %et#een individuals8
e. the de)nition and punishment for crimes8
f. the administration of 6ustice in civil cases8
g. the administration of political duties privileges, and relations of
citi9ens8 and
h. the dealings of the (tate #ith foreign gro#ers, the preservation
of the state from e3ternal danger or encroachment and the
advancement of its international a:airs and interests.
2. The ministrant functions are those underta+en to advance the
general interest of society, such as pu%lic #or+s, pu%lic charity, and
regulation of trade and industry, These functions are merely optional.
Functions of the State
Panopyo, Cordero, & ;aymundo, .4<1 2.<
2 0 P a g e
The main functions of the state are the maintenance of peace
and order and the regulation and control of the lives of the people.
The increased comple3ity of society has caused the transfer of
some institutional functions of the state (Aron, .=>!.
.. From the family, the state has taken over the provision of
protection for home, the formal education of the youth and the
maintenance of pu%lic #elfare programs for the sic+, the crippled,
the fee%le minded and the insane, the unemployed and the
underemployed, the #ido#ed and the orphaned, the aged and
others.
2. From the economy, the state has taken over the resolution of
la%or capital disputes, the limitation or regulation of production,
distri%ution and consumption of economic resources, goods, and
services, the control of #ages, prices, ta3es, and savings, the
operation of research, allo#ances for fringe %ene)ts, and others.
5. From the church, the state has taken over the regulation of
the conditions for contracting and dissolving marriage, family
planning, the moral or spiritual training of the youth, the provision
or relief for the poor, the disposal of the dead, and others.
7n times of crisis, the state is vested #ith emergency po#ers such
as1
.. The regulation of manpo#er resources and the control and
allocation of #ar and natural disasters8
2. The mo%ili9ation of agriculture and industry, particularly the
apportioning of ra# materials and other facilities8
5. The control of #ages in the collective %argaining contracts8
>. The cur%ing of pieces to su%vert disastrous in$ation8
=. The formation of capital, the control of investments to %e made the
pro)ts to %e reali9ed.
Forms of Government
.. As to num%ers of person e3ercising sovereign po#ers
a. Monarchy? one in #hich the supreme and )nal authority is in
the hands of a single person #ithout regard to the source of his
election or nature of determination of his tenure. @onarchies are
further classi)ed into1
i. A%solute monarchy? in #hich the ruler rules %y divine
right.
ii. Aimited monarchy? one in #hich the ruler rules in
accordance #ith a constitutions.
b. Dictatorship? #here political authority is often monopoli9ed %y
a single person or a political party, and e3ercised through
various oppressive mechanisms.
c. Aristocracy? the political po#er is e3ercised %y a fe# principal
class.
d. Oligarchy? the political po#er is the e3ercised %y the chosen
fe# #hich happen to %e rich and privileged.
5 0 P a g e
e. Democracy? #here political po#er is e3ercised %y a ma6ority of
the people. Bemocracy is further classi)ed into1
i. Direct or pure democracy? one in #hich the #ill of the
state is formulated or e3pressed directly and immediately
through the people in a mass meeting or primary
assem%ly rather than through the medium of delegates or
representatives chosen to act for them.
ii. ndirect? representative or repu%lican democracy? one in
#hich the #ill of the state is formulated and e3pressed
through the agency of a relatively small people to act as
their representatives.
2. As to the e3tent of po#ers e3ercised %y the central or national
government
a. Federal? one in #hich the po#er of the government are divided
into t#o sets of organs, one for national a:airs and the other for
local a:airs, each organ %eing the supreme po#er #ithin its o#n
sphere, e3ample1 Cnited (tates.
b. !nitary? one #hich the control of the national and local a:airs
is e3ercised %y the central or national government.
5. As to relationship %et#een the e3ecutive and legislative %ranches of
government
a. "arliamentary? one in #hich the legislative and e3ecutive
po#er are fused into one.
b. "residential? one in #hich there are three %ranches of
government #hich are independent from each other. The three
%ranches are
i. The e#ecutive branch #hich proposes and enforces
rules.
ii. The le$islative branch #hich ma+es rules and la#s.
iii. The %udicial branch #hich ad6udicates rules and la#s.
>. (ome other forms of government
a. Constitutional? one in #hich the po#ers of those #ho rule are
de)ned and limited %y a constitution in order to protect the
rights of the citi9ens.
b. Despotic? the po#ers and functions of the rulers are not
de)ned and limited %y a constitution.
c. &evolutionary? one in #hich is installed %y force of the people
#ho #ere not satis)ed #ith the prior government.
d. De 'ure? founded on an e3isting constitution and has general
support of the people.
e. De Facto? is not founded on an e3isting constitution and is
maintained against the rightful authority of an esta%lished and
la#ful government.
Issues
> 0 P a g e
Abad, ! senators told to "uit# Good faith is no e$cuse
Dy Aeila D. (alaverria 0Philippine Baily 7n2uirer=1>> am 0 Thursday, Euly 5rd,
20.>
@AF7AA,
PhilippinesG&ood faith
is no e3cuse, and
neither is spending
Bis%ursement
Acceleration Program
(BAP! funds for
pro6ects that %ene)ted
the pu%lic, (en. @iriam
Befensor?(antiago said
on Hednesday.
(antiago said all
oIcials involved in the
BAP, including Dudget
(ecretary Jlorencio
A%ad and the 20
senators #ho received
funds from the
e3ecutive, should face
criminal and civil
charges so that the
government could get
%ac+ the P... %illion
released from the
program.
A%ad should also
resign, in order to
spare the President
from further
em%arrassment over
the BAP, (antiago said.
The senators, on
the other hand, must
return the money they
had received, said
(antiago, #ho
descri%ed the funds as
"stolen.-
The BAP #as a
stimulus program that
@alacaKang put
together from
uno%ligated funds of
various government
agencies the legality of
#hich had %een
challenged in the
(upreme Court.
Ln Tuesday, the
(upreme Court
declared the BAP
unconstitutional,
saying it violated the
doctrine of separation
of po#ers and the
constitutional provision
on the e3emptions to
the prohi%ition against
the reappropriation of
government funds.
The court also
struc+ do#n the
e3ecutive,s declaration
of unused funds as
savings %efore the end
of the )scal year, and
the "cross?%order
transfers- of Palace
savings to other oIces
outside the e3ecutive.
Criminal charges
To get %ac+ the
P... %illion given to
senators, (antiago said
the LIce of the
Lm%udsman, #ith the
Bepartment of Eustice
(BLE!, should )le
criminal charges
against everyone
responsi%le for the
BAP.
The criminal
charges could %e
technical malversation,
she told a ne#s
conference.
(he later said
the release of BAP
funds could %e
considered %ri%ery
involving votes to
convict impeached
Chief Eustice ;enato
Corona in @ay 20.2,
and the senators could
also %e ta+en to tas+
for +no#ingly
rendering un6ust
6udgment.
At the same
time, government
prosecutors should
pursue a civil case in
addition to the criminal
cases, so that the
money could %e
returned, (antiago
said.
The BLE and the
Commission on Audit
(CLA! should also #or+
= 0 P a g e
together so that
prosecutors could have
access to the facts,
documents, and other
)les pertaining to the
BAP, she said.
"7t #ill ta+e long,
%ut it must %e MdoneN,
%ecause other#ise, the
attitude is that certain
people can commit
crimes, %ut if they are
highly placed they
don,t have to %e
punished for it,- she
said.
(ome%ody must
fall
7n calling for
A%ad to step do#n,
(antiago said
some%ody must %e
held responsi%le for the
BAP and it should %e
the %udget secretary.
"7f the (upreme
Court said #hat #as
done #as #rong, and
no%ody,s responsi%le,
#hat +ind of
irresponsi%le
government is %eing
fostered %y thatO Pou
at least have to point a
)nger at some%ody.
Be)nitely the BD@,
and if only to spare the
President from further
em%arrassment, that
secretary has to
resign,- she said.
(he said it #as
her "gentle
recommendation- that
A%ad step do#n from
oIce over the BAP,
%ecause "it #ill sho#
the pu%lic that you are
contrite.-
(antiago said
she %elieved the
President committed
an impeacha%le
o:ense %y violating the
Constitution, and the
principles of
accounta%ility and
responsi%ility.
Dut #hether an
impeachment case #ill
succeed is another
2uestion, she said
adding that she
dou%ted that there are
enough num%ers in
Congress to support
such a move.
"7 thin+ it is
%ound to fail, %ut 7 #ill
not %lame those #ho
#ill attempt to test the
#aters or to $oat a trial
%alloon,- she said.
According to
(antiago, good
intentions do not
reduce the lia%ility of
oIcials involved in the
creation of the BAP.
"Pou )nd a
sentence in some
opinions released that
any#ay, the %udget
secretary #as in good
faith. There is no such
thing in the penal code
or in criminal la#. Pou
don,t consider the
good faith of the
person e3cept in
certain instances,- she
said.
;eturn the
money
(he also said the
senators could not say
that they had nothing
to return %ecause the
funds #ere already
spent for pro6ects.
"That is the
argument of stupidity'
. Hhat +ind of
argument is thatO 7f
you,re a la#ma+er,
ignorance does not
e3cuse you, ignorance
e3cuses no one,- she
said.
(he said the
la#ma+ers should have
chec+ed #here the
funds came from and
#hat the guidelines for
using them #ere.
"Bo you mean to
say that as soon as you
have stolen money
from the government,
you can spend it
/ 0 P a g e
immediatelyO That is
the conse2uence of
that reasoning. 7t #ill
re#ard the industrious
ro%%er or thief,- she
said.
And even if the
funds have already
%een spent, these
should %e returned,
she insisted.
"7n the theory of
restitution in criminal
la#, there,s no factor
involved such as if
money #ent to a good
or %ad purpose or
private or pu%lic
purpose. That is not
material,- she said.
(he ans#ered in
the aIrmative #hen
as+ed if the use of the
funds for pro6ects
made it less a crime.
(he said
@alacaKang should
also have released
documents to e3plain
to legislators the
nature and the purpose
of the funds released.
And the BAP
decision could have
implications on the
ouster of Corona, she
said.
"Hhat happens
to the decision to
impeach since it,s no#
tainted %y suspicions of
%ri%eryO The
implication is they
#ere given this amount
%ecause they voted to
impeach,- she said.
Lm%udsman
pro%e
Jor its part, the
Lm%udsman #ill
investigate %udget
realignments made %y
the A2uino
administration under
the BAP.
7n a statement,
Lm%udsman Conchita
Carpio @orales said
she #ould create a
panel of )eld
investigators "to loo+
into the BAP
transactions to see if
any crime or o:ense
has %een committed %y
involved pu%lic
oIcials.-
"7n light of the
(upreme Court,s
decision on the BAP
case, #e are initiating
an investigation into
the matter,- @orales
said, invo+ing the
Lm%udsman,s po#er
to initiate an
investigation on its
o#n even #ithout any
formal complaint.
@orales also
cited the
Lm%udsman,s po#er
to investigate any
serious misconduct in
oIce allegedly
committed %y
impeacha%le oIcers,
for the purpose of )ling
a veri)ed complaint for
impeachment.GHith a
report from Bona Q.
Pa99i%ugan
Indigenous tribes %ant ancestral lands
e$cluded from &angsamoro autonomy
Dy &ermelina Aacorte 07n2uirer @indanao>12/ pm 0
(unday, Eune 2th, 20.>
BAVAL C7TP,
Philippines G Aeaders of
indigenous tri%es
#ithin the proposed
4 0 P a g e
Dangsamoro territory
have demanded that
their ancestral lands %e
e3cluded, saying that if
Philippine government
refuses to e3clude
them from the draft
la# on Dangsamoro
autonomy, it #ould
violate their inherent
and inaliena%le right to
self?determination.
"He cannot
accept Dangsamoro as
our identity. He have
our o#n identity and
this is the Rrumanen
ne @enuvu,- Rrumanen
Batu ;onaldo
Am%angan said as he
read the declaration of
the Rrumanen ne
@enuvu tri%e during
the Eune 2>
congressional
consultations on the
proposed Dangsamoro
in @idsayap, Forth
Cota%ato.
7n Bavao City,
Timuay Alim Dandara,
a Teduray leader, told
the Eune 2/
congressional
committee hearing that
peace should %e given
a chance, not only for
the Dangsamoro %ut
also for all a:ected
communities in
@indanao.
"7 especially
mention here other
a:ected communities
and societies %ecause
it is not only the
Dangsamoro
community and society
that has %een a:ected
%y all the #ars and
armed encounters, %y
in6ustices and con$icts
in this region,-
Dandara said. "7 am
referring to the
community and society
of indigenous peoples
speci)cally the
Teduray, Aam%angian
and Bulangan @ano%o
in portions of
@aguindanao in the
Autonomous ;egion in
@uslim @indanao
(A;@@! #here the 7P;A
(7ndigenous Peoples,
;ights Act! provisions
are not implemented in
the past .4 years
simply %ecause #e are
inside an autonomous
region that is the
product of the peace
process.-
Se said the non?
@oro indigenous
peoples in the area
covered %y the peace
agreement #ith @oro
Fational Ai%eration
Jront (@FAJ! #ere not
only victims of #ar %ut
also victims of peace
%ecause the 7P;A,
#hich should have
%een en6oyed %y 7P
tri%es in the last .4
years, #ere not
implemented.
"This is #hy,
since the signing of the
JAD (Jrame#or+
Agreement on the
Dangsamoro! in 20.2,
#e indigenous peoples
in the area have %een
coming out of the
peace 9one to say in
pu%lic and in small
forums our discomfort
on the previous peace
agreement,- he added.
Am%angan said
the Rrumanens have
de)ned ancestral
territories in Central
@indanao. These are
undergoing delineation
and titling processes in
line #ith the
7ndigenous Peoples
;ights Act (7P;A!,
according to
Am%angan. The
Rrumanen declaration
as+ed national cultural
communities of the
Souse of
;epresentatives
conducting the hearing
< 0 P a g e
"to e3clude our
ancestral territories
from the proposed
Dangsamoro
government as it #ill
damage our inherent
and inaliena%le right to
self?determination.-
(igned %y
Rrumanen Batu Al
(aliling, Batu ;oldan
Da%elon, and Batu
;onaldo Am%angan, all
mem%ers of the
Council of Aeaders of
the
Rrumanen ne
@enuvu, the
declaration also
claimed that
Rrumanens have %een
e3ercising their o#n
governance system
called &empa te
Telindaan
ne Tamal for
many years and cited
the peace covenants
forged %et#een and
among the
Dangsamoro and the
Rrumanen ne @enuvu
in the past #hich,
though constantly
violated, governed
their peaceful co?
e3istence #ith the
Dangsamoro tri%es.
Rrumanen
leaders called on
Congress to craft a
resolution directing the
Fational Commission
on 7ndigenous Peoples
(FC7P! to fast?tract the
delineation and titling
of ancestral domain of
the Rrumanen ne
@enuvu and other non?
@oro indigenous
peoples in the ad6acent
areas of the proposed
Dangsamoro territories8
ensuring enough
%udget for the process8
and to respect the right
to Jree, Prior and
7nformed Consent
(JP7C! of the Rrumanen
ne @enuvu in cases of
e3pansion of
Dangsamoro territories.
They also as+ed
the FC7P to )nally issue
a title, not 6ust a
resolution of granting
the title to the
Rrumanen ne @enuvu
claimants particularly
the ancestral domain
claim in Aroman and
neigh%ouring
%arangays8 ;eni%on in
Pigca#ayan to#n, and
Ai%ungan, Aleosan,
@idsayap and Pi+it
Cni)ed Ancestral
Bomain Claim, all in
the province of
Cota%ato.
Gov't %or(ing to stabili)e su**ly, *rices of rice,
garlic, ginger+,alace
Dy Fi++o Bi9on 0Philippine Baily 7n2uirer12 pm 0
Tuesday, Eune .4th, 20.>
@AF7AA, PhilippinesU@alacaKang said on Tuesday
that the government has %een "e3erting all e:orts-
to ensure the sta%le supply of rice, garlic, and ginger
amid reports of an "unusual- spi+e in prices.
"(urveillance is %eing carried out to
discourage hoarding and other practices that could
lead to arti)cial shortage,- Communications
(ecretary Serminio Coloma, Er. said in a press
conference.
Coloma said those %ehind the arti)cial shortage of
these commodities #ould %e made accounta%le.
0 P a g e
;olling stores have started selling rice, ginger,
and garlic #hile the Fational Price Coordinating
Council has %een directed to closely monitor the
price movements, Coloma said.
The inter?agency %ody is led %y Trade and
7ndustry (ecretary &regory Bomingo. Coloma said
the Council "may prescri%e indicative prices, if
needed,- similar to the suggested retail prices
applied only to manufactured goods.
"Lur assessment of the situation is #e need to
address the supply situation most importantly
%ecause sta%le supply is the %est deterrent to
arti)cial shortages and unusual spi+e in prices,-
Coloma said.
The Bepartment of Agriculture in April said the
country missed its .00?percent target of rice self?
suIciency for 20.5, %ut nonetheless meeting a 0?
percent self?suIciency rate.
-onclusion
The government is truly an important social
institution. 7ts function to resolve con$icts that are
pu%lic in nature and involve more than a fe# people
is crucial to maintain peace and order. Jor this
reason, it must do everything in its po#er to avoid
chaos #ithin the society %y promulgating la#s
o%6ectively #hich #ill %e follo#ed %y its people, and
esta%lishing authority.
There are many pro%lems that a form of
government faces, %ut the government must deal
#ith the threat %oth #ithin a country and outside of it
#ith the help of the di:erent departments under it.
7n the Philippines, the government tries its
%est to ensure that the rights of the individual are
upheld properly. Though there are still people #ho
a%use and misuse their po#ers #hich are limited %y
chec+s and %alances, political pluralisms, political
sovereignty, and other human factors.
Lur group %elieves that every type of
government has its pros and its cons %ut it is up to
the people in po#er to maintain a %alance for the
#elfare of its respective citi9ens.
.eferences
&oo(s
(ocial Bimensions of Rducation
Dy1
.0 0 P a g e
Violeta A. Vega Ph.B.
Felia &. Prieto
@yrna A. Carreon Ph.B.
&eneral (ociology
Jocus on the Philippines
Dy1
Jelicidad V. Cordero
7sa%el (. Panopio
Adelisa A. ;aymundo
Internet
Philippine Baily 7n2uirer (PB7!
http1VV###.in2uirer.netV
.
st
7ssue (PB7!
http1VVne#sinfo.in2uirer.netV/./5.<Vgood?faith?not?a?
defense?to?dap?santiago
2
nd
7ssue (PB7!
http1VVne#sinfo.in2uirer.netV/.=2/2Vindigenous?
tri%es?#ant?ancestral?lands?e3cluded?from?
%angsamoro?autonomy
5
rd
7ssue (PB7!
http1VVne#sinfo.in2uirer.netV/.20>>Vgovt?#or+ing?to?
sta%ili9e?supply?prices?of?rice?garlic?ginger?palace
Insights / .e0ections
Dy1
Quraida Contes
&overnment is an institution #hich resolves
con$icts that are pu%lic in nature and involve more
than a fe# people.
.. 0 P a g e
7 +no# that the politicians running in a
government has the po#er to control the people in a
society %y giving rules and regulations for the people
in a society to follo#. ;ules and regulations are %eing
follo#ed %y the society to have a 2uiet and
systematic society. Hhen politicians are running
during campaign 7 need to vote to voice out our
agency to vote and choose the persons #hich #e
+no# that can help us during the times #e need their
help and assistance
7 %elieve that the persons #ho #ill %e in a
government can %e helpful and can solve a pro%lem
that a society is encountering in their place, and to
help one another #hen there are struggles that a
society have.
.2 0 P a g e
Insights / .e0ections
Dy1
Eodalyn Castro
7 as a part of social government 7 strongly
agree #ith regards #ith their rules and
regulations that has %een implemented %y the
government. 7 am a social government that has
no records #ith them. 7 didn,t commit %ad things
li+e issue of crime, %ullying other people, etc' 7
%ecome motivated #hen it comes to voting. 7
#isely vote #ith the candidates #ho are running
#ith the variety of positions of the government.
Vote?%uying is very common #ith the politicians.
Hhen they are giving money to me 7 6ust accept
it and say than+ you %ut not only the money is
the reason #hy 7 supposed to vote them. That
their #ay to gain their votes. 7 6ust accept %ut 7
vote the person #ho is to #in. The person #ho 7
thin+ deserves into that certain position. The
person can serve #ell to the society8 can help
into the matters of commoners. Ser or Sis motto
is "BCTP J7;(T %efore anything else-. The
person #ho can %e leaned on.
.5 0 P a g e
Insights / .e0ections
Dy1
Tathleen P. Dangto#an
According to (ection ., Article 77, Philippine
Constitution states that the Philippines is a
democratic and repu%lican (tate. (overeignty resides
in the people and all government authority emanates
from them.-
As a democratic state, all po#ers come from
the people. Lut of practica%ility, necessity,
%ene)cially, eIciency and e:ectiveness, the
sovereign people may decide to delegate the po#ers
to a group of people #ho may e3ercise them
according to certain terms and conditions. As #hat 7
o%serve from our government, #hen the election is
near, that,s the only time the politicians roam around
in di:erent places sho#ing such concerns and
promises among the people. They even e3pend much
money to their campaign posters, $yers and
advertisements of their o#n. Hhen it comes in
voting, some the politicians practice vote %uying.
After that, people complain %ecause the rich people
get richer #hile the poor people get poorer. People
#ill as+ #here the politicians, promises to themO Hhy
the poor people #ays of living is not progressingO
And the ans#er of those 2uestions is %ecause some
of the politicians even the government employees
are corrupting our money.
At the end people #ill %lame the politicians
%ecause they corrupt the money of the Jilipino
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citi9ens. Dut come to thin+ of it, it,s not only the
politicians that to %e %lame of %ut also the Jilipino
citi9en #ho voted at them for the sa+e of money
(vote %uying!. Hhen election comes #e should %e
really %e smart in choosing #ho #ill %e our good and
loyal leader to our country.
Insights / .e0ections
Dy1
Peter Eohn B. Rsden
&o to the Philippines and there you #ill see
Lur government in all its glory.
Vigilantly discussing all our needs,
Rncouraging citi9ens to do the %est they can.
;especting the rights of every individual.
Fo# helping in every #ay they can.
@eeting the demands of the every changing #orld.
Rven if #e,re in the third #orld.
Fation %uilding is #hat #e need.
To develop and to succeed.
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Insights / .e0ections
Dy1
Venessa Calingayan
1The rich become richer %hile the *oor
become *oorer23
&overnment is an institution that resolves con$ict
that are pu%lic in nature and involve a more than fe#
people. 7n this re$ection 7 #ant to give more importance
a%out some functions of the government to prove that a
government is also a peacema+er, li+e +eeping of order
li+e +eeping the protection of persons and property from
violence and ro%%ery, the determination of contractual
rights %et#een individuals, )3ing of legal relations
%et#een hus%and and #ife, %et#een parents and children,
lastly the de)nitions and punishments for crimes. As #e
can see from the individual until the society itself, the
government has a speci)c role and responsi%ility. The
family as the smallest society, the government are giving
speci)c protection to all the mem%ers of the family, to the
hus%and, to the #ife and to the children.
Boes individual get fair %ene)t from the
governmentO 7s their a gap %et#een rich and poorO This
2uestion tic+les my mind as 7 study further the functions of
our government to every individual. 7n my o#n
understanding, %asing on my #hat 7 sa# and o%serve,
there is a very #ide di:erence on ho# the government
treat a person #ho came from the lo#er and to the upper
class. 7n our country itself the poor people are not %eing
heard or considered, li+e teachers #ho are #or+ing hardly
%ut their salary #as not increasing to the e3tend that they
do "Helga- or rally. Jarmers #ho are the one #or+ing
under the sun, planting li+e palay, corn , sugar cane and
etc. %ut after the harvest #ho %ene)t moreO The rich
%usiness men #ho are sitting inside an air conditioned
oIce 6ust #aiting for the harvesters to )nish the #or+.
Though this issue or "cry- of the lo#er class people #ere
already %een pass to the government the government #as
doing nothing or if they are may%e its not enough, the
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people cannot see their #or+ in trying to increase the
salary of the farmers and teachers.
Another proof that the function of the government is
partial8
Case %et#een a poor man vs. a rich man
Csually, #e could easily predict the
out come of this +ind of case %ecause at
some time money #ill %e the one to move
not 6ustice and fairness. Though for e3ample
the rich is the one guilty %ut %ecause he had
the money he could %e declared free and
not guilty from anything. (ome oIcials in
the government accepts %ri%e ,to people
#ho has money, and revised the truth. 7n
some instances the poor people cannot
a:ord to get a 2uali)ed la#yer for himself.
Sealth
The rich people are staying at
su%division #hile the ordinary one %uilds
their home under %ridges. As 7 have heard
that most hospitals in the Philippines are
planning to ma+e the hospitals private, in
other #ords hospital %ills #ould %e more
e3pensive. 7t #ould %e very hard for the
other individual to see+ medication specially
that Phil Sealth #ould %e removed, #e +ne#
that many Jilipino are depending to this Phil
Sealth.
The functions of the government are
upright and respecta%le %ut these functions
must also %e e3pressed even to the ordinary
people, %ecause they are the one #ho need
it more. They are the one #ho is doing the
hard #or+ also under the command of a
superior. Aastly, lo#ly citi9ens are the one
#ho vote for the politicians #ho are #or+ing
in the government, they choose this
candidates hoping for something, hoping for
and improvement, hoping that gap %et#een
rich and poor #ould decreased.

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