DBMS Lab Manual

CS1256 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LABORATORY
IV
th
SEMESTER CSE
(Applicable to the Students admitted in the year 2009-2010/
Regulation 2008-Annauniversity of technology iruchirappalli)
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2010 2011
!repared by
Ms.M.ZAINAB HASEENA ,
Lect!e! " CSE
Authori"ed by
#!$%.&.#ETCHIA##AN
He'( $% the De)'!t*e+t
C$*)te! Sc,e+ce '+(
E+-,+ee!,+-
#$!AR%$&
'(
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$&,+&$$R+&,
St. MICHAEL C.LLE/E .0 EN/INEERIN/ AND TECHN.L./Y
(A+ IS. 1001: 2002 Ce!t,%,e( I+st,tt,$+)
(A%%,3,'te( t$ A++' 4+,5e!s,t6 $% Tech+$3$-6, T,!ch,!'))'33,
7 A))!$5e( 86 AICTE, Ne9 De3h,)
St-Santhiyagappar &agar. /alayar0oil. Sivagangai #istrict 120 331
0$+(e!
#h$t$
LAB MAN4AL C4M .BSERVATI.N N.TE
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C$33e-e
L$-$
CS1256 DBMS Lab
.VERVIE:
(A8$t the S8;ect)
0,3e<B'se( A))!$'ches

File-based approaches to data storage are based on relatively simple data
structures, such as the Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM), and
are usually implemented or a single application!

Files are generally created on an as needed basis to service the data needs
o an application! "he iles are associated #ith an application! "he same
data may be repeated on many iles and stored under dierent names!
For example, an accounting application may reer to customer name
#hile a purchasing application may reer to buyer name! "he physical
storage characteristics o the same data may be dierent or dierent
applications! For example, one application may allo# $% characters or
name #hile another application allo#s $& characters or the same name!
'ierent business units are responsible or dierent data!

D,s'(5'+t'-es $% ' 0,3e<B'se( A))!$'ch

(pdates to iles may result in inconsistent data across the organi)ation!
For example, i an accounting application updates a customer name
#ithout notiying other application areas that also maintain customer
name, customer name #ill be stored dierently or dierent applications!

A ile-based data storage approach ma*es it diicult or other
applications to access data not o#ned by their application! 'ata o#ned
by other applications may be stored in a ormat not consistent #ith the
retrieval capabilities o another application!

File-based approaches to data storage are tied to applications rather than
the entities to #hich the iles reer! File-based approaches do not
recogni)e relationships bet#een entities until such inormation is needed
by an application!

D't'8'se A))!$'ches

'atabase approaches to data storage support the sharing o data across
multiple applications #ith multiple users! 'atabases are structured in a
#ay that is meaningul to an organi)ation! For example, i an
organi)ation maintains inormation on suppliers and the geographic areas
they service, there #ould be a lin* in the database bet#een the suppliers
and geographic areas! 'atabases reduce data redundancy!
SMCET / CSE Department
CS1256 DBMS Lab

A 'atabase Management System ('+MS) is the sot#are that handles all
database accesses! A '+MS presents a logical vie# o the data to the
users! ,o# this data is stored and retrieved is hidden rom the users! A
'+MS ensures that the data is consistent across the database and controls
#ho can access #hat data!
St. MICHAEL C.LLE/E .0 EN/INEERIN/ AND
TECHN.L./Y
(A+ IS. 1001: 2002 Ce!t,%,e( I+st,tt,$+)
(A%%,3,'te( t$ A++' 4+,5e!s,t6 $% Tech+$3$-6, T,!ch,!'))'33, 7 A))!$5e( 86
AICTE, Ne9 De3h,)
St-Santhiyagappar &agar. /alayar0oil. Sivagangai #istrict 120 331
Department of Computer Science
and Engineering
CS1256 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
LABORATORY
IV
th
SEMESTER CSE
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2010 2011
LAB MAN4AL C4M .BSERVATI.N N.TE
C$33e-e
L$-$
CS1256 DBMS Lab
NAME OF THE STUDENT :
______________________________
REGISTER NUMBER :
______________________________
BRANCH :
______________________________
YEAR/SEMESTER/ SECTION :
______________________________
SYLLABUS
CS1256 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
LABORATORY
L T P C
0
0 3 2
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Data Defnition, Table Creation, Constraints,
2. Insert, Selet Comman!s, "p!ate an! Delete Comman!s.
#. $este! %&eries an! 'oin %&eries
(. )ie*s
5. +i,- le.el pro,rammin, lan,&a,e e/tensions 0Control
str&t&res, 1roe!&res
an! 2&ntions3.
6. 2ront en! tools
4. 2orms
5. Tri,,ers
6. Men& Desi,n
17. 8eports.
11. Database Desi,n an! implementation 0Mini 1ro9et3.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
2ront en! : )B/)C ;;/'<)<
Ba= en! : >rale 11,, m? S%L, DB2
1lat@orm : Ain!o*s 2777
1ro@essional/Ain!o*s B1
CS1256 DBMS Lab
>rale ser.er o&l! be loa!e! an! an be
onnete! @rom in!i.i!&al 1Cs.
INDEX
E=.
N$.
DATE TITLE .0 THE E>#ERIMENT
MAR&S SI/NAT4RE
.
B
S
E
R
V
A
T
I
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N

(
?
0
)
#
E
R
0
.
R
M
A
N
C
E

(
@
0
)
V
I
V
A

(
1
0
)
R
E
C
.
R
D

(
2
0
)
T
.
T
A
L
(
1
0
0
)
CS1256 DBMS Lab
0'c3t6 I+<Ch'!-e He'(
$% the De)'!t*e+t
E=.N$<1 D't' De%,+,t,$+, T'83e C!e't,$+,
C$+st!',+ts
D't' De%,+,t,$+ 3'+-'-e:
St'te*e+t Desc!,)t,$+
-./A"/ "A+0/ -reates a table
A0"/. "A+0/ Modiies table structures
'.12 "A+0/ .emoves the ro#s and table structure
./3AM/ -hanges the name o a table, vie#,
sequence, or synonym
".(3-A"/ .emoves all ro#s rom a table and
releases the storage space
CS1256 DBMS Lab
D't' De%,+,t,$+ L'+-'-e (DDL): statements are used to deine the
database structure or schema!
/xamples4 -./A"/, A0"/., '.12 statements
DDL C.MMANDS
CREATE TABLE
"his statement is used to create a table! "he syntax or this command is
create table tablename (colname5 datatype 6constraint7, colname$
datatype 6constraint7)8
ALTER TABLE
"his command is used to add, drop columns in a table! "he syntax or
this command is
alter table tablename add colname5 datatype 6constraint78
alter table tablename drop column colname58
DR.# TABLE
"he syntax or this command is-
drop table tablename8
TR4NCATE TABLE
".(3-A"/ removes all ro#s rom a table! "he operation cannot be
rolled bac* and no triggers #ill be ired! As such, ".(-A"/ is aster
and doesn9t use as much undo space as a '/0/"/!
"he syntax or ".(3-A"/ "A+0/ is
".(3-A"/ "A+0/ :table;name:
RENAME TABLE
< All indexes, columns, deault columns, constraints, reerential
authori)ation, rules, and user authorities tables dependent on a renamed
table #ill be renamed!
< ./3AM/ statement is not allo#ed or IMA=/>S?0 tables!
< @hen using ./3AM/ command, data and grants made or tables
are carried or#ard or the ne# name! 3o unload, load data, or recreating
index is necessary!
< All vie#s dependent on a renamed table #ill be dropped!
< I a table has chec* constraints, then that table cannot be renamed!
./3AM/ "A+0/ dbname!user to users8
CS1256 DBMS Lab
SAL C$+st!',+ts
T6)es $% SAL C$+st!',+ts
- 31" 3(00
- (3I?(/
- -,/-A
- 2rimary Aey
- Foreign Aey
/ach type o S?0 -onstraint is described in belo# #ith example!
SAL N.T N4LL C$+st!',+t.
+y deault, a column can hold 3(00 value! I #e not #ant to allo#
3(00 or empty value in a column o our table, then #e need to place an
S?0 -onstraint on this column speciying that 3(00 empty column is
no# not an allo#able value!
For example, in the ollo#ing statement,
E='*)3e $% N.T N4LL C$+st!',+t
-./A"/ "A+0/ /mployees
(empI' integer N.T N4LL,
First3ame varchar (B%) N.T N4LL,
0ast3ame varchar(B%))8
-olumns :empI': and :First3ame: cannot include 3(00, #hile
:0ast3ame: can include 3(00, #hile inserting the record in this table
#e must provide empI' and First3ame ater this S?0 31" 3(00
-onstraints apply!
SAL 4NIA4E C$+st!',+t.
"he (3I?(/ S?0 constraint ensures that all values in a column are
distinct and unique values repetition #ill not allo# ater applying S?0
(3I?(/ -onstraint!
For example, the ollo#ing statement explains real example o S?0
(3I?(/ -onstraints!
E='*)3e $% SAL 4NIA4E C$+st!',+t
(empI' integer 4NIA4E,
CS1256 DBMS Lab
First3ame varchar (B%),
-olumn :empI': cannot include duplicate values, #hile such constraint
does not hold or columns :First3ame: and :0ast3ame: so these last t#o
can hold duplication!
2lease note that a column that is speciied as a primary *ey must also be
unique! At the same time, a column that9s unique may or may not be a
primary *ey!
SAL CHEC& C$+st!',+t.
"he S?0 -,/-A constraint ensures that all values in a column satisy
certain conditions, suppose #e are #ishing to enter some conditional
record li*e age o employ not less then $% so #e need to veriy it #ith
S?0 -,/-A -onstraint!
For example, in the ollo#ing statement explains ho# to use the S?0
-,/-A -onstraint in our queries!
E='*)3e $% SAL CHEC& C$+st!',+t
(empI' integer CHEC& (empI' C 5%),
First3ame varchar (B%),
:!,te SAL Be!,es %$! DDL c$**'+(s '+( C$+st!',+ts
AIM:
"o #rite the S?0 queries or ''0 commands and
constraints!
SAL A4ERIES:
C!e'te t'83e:
create table emp(emp;id number(&),emp;name varchar($%),location
varchar($%))8
"able created!
A3te! t'83e:
CS1256 DBMS Lab
alter table emp add (gender varchar(5%))8
"able altered!
Desc!,)e the st!ct!e $% t'83e
desc emp8
3ame 3ullD "ype
------------------------------- -------- ----
/M2;I' 3(M+/.(&)
/M2;3AM/ EA.-,A.$($%)
01-A"I13 EA.-,A.$($%)
=/3'/. EA.-,A.$(5%)
M$(,%6 the c$3*+ ('t' t6)e:
alter table emp modiy (emp;id varchar(&))8
"able altered!
M$(,%6 the c$3*+ s,Ce:
alter table emp modiy(emp;id varchar(5%))8
"able altered!
D!$) the c$3*+ %!$* t'83e:
alter table emp drop column gender8
"able altered!
Re+'*e the t'83e:
rename emp to employee8
"able renamed!
Tru!"#$ #%$ #"&'$(
truncate table employee8
"able truncated!
D!$) the T'83e:
CS1256 DBMS Lab
drop table employee8
"able dropped!
N$t N33 C$+st!,+t :
C!e'te t'83e 9,th N.T N4LL c$+st!',+t
create table stu5(stu;id number(5%),stu;name varchar($%) 31"
3(00,phone;no number(5&))8
"able created!
insert into stu5(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no)values(5,9.aFa9,GHGHGHGHGH)8
5 ro# created!
insert into stu5(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no)values($,9Een*at9,3(00)8
5 ro# created!
insert into stu5(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no)values(5,3(00,GGGI&)8
E!!$!: .RA<01@00: c'++$t ,+se!t N4LL ,+t$
(DSYSTEMD.DST41D.DST4ENAMED)
#!,*'!6 Fe6 C$+st!,+t:
create table sta(sta;id number(&) primary *ey,sta;name
varchar(5%),gender varchar(&))8
"able created!
insert into sta(sta;id,sta;name,gender)values(5,9suresh9,9male9)8
/..1. at line 54
1.A-%%%%54 unique constraint (S-1""!SJS;-%%H5B) violated
insert into sta(sta;id,sta;name,gender)values(5,9suresh9,9male9)8
/rror4 1.A-%%%%54 unique constraint (SJS"/M!SJS;-%%I%$K)
violated
insert into sta(sta;id,sta;name,gender)values($,9suresh9,9male9)8
/..1. at line 54
1.A-%%%%54 unique constraint (S-1""!SJS;-%%H5B) violated
CS1256 DBMS Lab
insert into sta(sta;id,sta;name,gender)values(3(00,9suresh9,9male9)8
/..1. at line 54
1.A-%5I%%4 cannot insert 3(00 into
(:S-1"":!:S"AFF:!:S"AFF;I':)
4+,Be C$+st!,+t:
create table stu(stu;id number(5%),stu;name varchar($%) 31"
3(00,phone;no number(5&),email varchar(5&) (3I?(/)8
"able created!
insert into
stu(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no,email)values(5,9raFa9,3(00,9sur;raLg
mail9)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
stu(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no,email)values($,9ravi9,3(00,9sur;raLg
mail9)8
E!!$!:.RA<00001: +,Be c$+st!',+t (SYSTEM.SYSEC00@02G)
5,$3'te(
insert into
stu(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no,email)values($,9mano9,3(00,3(00)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
stu(stu;id,stu;name,phone;no,email)values(B,9ven*at9,3(00,3(00)
8
5 ro# created!
ChecF C$+st!,+t:
create table empsal(emp;id varchar(5%),emp;name varchar($%),salary
number(5&)chec*(salaryC%))8
"able created!
Res3t:
"he S?0 queries or ''0 commands and constraints are executed in
oracle server and the results are veriied!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E=.N$<2 I+se!t, Se3ect C$**'+(s, 4)('te '+(
De3ete
C$**'+(s.
DML - stands or D't' M'+,)3't,$+ L'+-'-e, its the part o S?0
that deals #ith querying, updating, deleting and inseting records in tables,
vie#s!
"he ollo#ing types o actions may be perormed using 'M0 commands4
SELECT - extracts data rom a database
4#DATE - updates data in a database
DELETE - deletes data rom a database
INSERT INT. - inserts ne# data into a database
5) Se3ect - "his command is used to etch a result set o records rom a
table, vie# or a group o tables, vie#s by ma*ing use o S?0 Foins!
.etrieval o data using S?0 statements can be done by using dierent
predicates along #ith it li*e
@here
=roup +y
,aving
1rder +y
SAL SELECT S6+t'=
S/0/-" column;name(s)
F.1M table;name
And
S/0/-" < F.1M table;name
$) I+se!t - "his command is used to add record(s) to a table! @hile
inserting a record using the insert statement, the number o records being
entered should match the columns o the table!
"he irst orm doesn9t speciy the column names #here the data #ill be
inserted, only their values4
CS1256 DBMS Lab
I3S/." I3"1 table;name
EA0(/S (value5, value$, valueB,!!!)
"he second orm speciies both the column names and the values to be
inserted4
I3S/." I3"1 table;name (column5, column$, columnB,!!!)
EA0(/S (value5, value$, valueB,!!!)
B) 4)('te - "his command is used to edit the record(s) o a table! It may
be used to update a single ro# based on a condition, all ro#s, or a set o
ro#s based on a condition!
It is used along #ith the set clause! 1ptionally, a 9he!e clause may be
used to match conditions!
SAL 4#DATE S6+t'=
(2'A"/ table;name
S/" column5Mvalue, column$Mvalue$,!!!
@,/./ some;columnMsome;value
N$te: 3otice the @,/./ clause in the (2'A"/ syntax! "he @,/./
clause speciies #hich record or records that should be updated! I you
omit the @,/./ clause, all records #ill be updatedN
I) De3ete - "his command is used to remove record(s) rom a table! All
records may be removed in one go, or a set o records may be deleted
based on a condition!
SAL DELETE S6+t'=
'/0/"/ F.1M table;name
@,/./ some;columnMsome;value
N$te: 3otice the @,/./ clause in the '/0/"/ syntax! "he @,/./
clause speciies #hich record or records that should be deleted! I you
omit the @,/./ clause, all records #ill be deleted
CS1256 DBMS Lab
:!,te SAL Be!,es %$! ,+se!t, se3ect '+( )('te c$**'+(s
AIM
"o compile and #rite queries or insert, select, update and
delete
SAL A4ERIES:
T'83e c!e't,$+ 9,th c$+st!',+ts:
create table student(stu;id varchar(5%)primary *ey,stu;name
varchar($%)31" 3(00,gender varchar(5%),location
varchar($%),sem;mar* number(&))8
"able created!
I+se!t 5'3es:
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%59,9.aF
a9,9male9,9madurai9,&IB)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%$9,9Abi
nya9,9emale9,9trichy9,&$B)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%B9,9+ab
u9,9male9,9trichy9,IHB)8
5 ro# created!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%I9,9'a
vid9,9male9,9madurai9,BHB)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%&9,9=a
nga9,9emale9,9chennai9,&HB)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%K9,9Fee
va9,9male9,9coimbatore9,$HG)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%O9,9Aar
thi*a9,9emale9,9coimbatore9,IHG)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%O9,9*an
nan9,9male9,9erode9,BBG)8
E!!$!:.RA<00001: +,Be c$+st!',+t (SYSTEM.SYSEC00?11H)
5,$3'te(
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%H9,9*an
nan9,9male9,9erode9,BBG)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%G9,9Sat
hya9,9emale9,9chennai9,B$B)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs%G9,3(
00,9emale9,9chennai9,B$B)8
E!!$!:.RA<01@00: c'++$t ,+se!t N4LL ,+t$
(DSYSTEMD.DST4DENTD.DST4ENAMED)
CS1256 DBMS Lab
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs5%9,92ra
bhu9,9male9,9chennai9,3(00)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs559,9Ara
vind9,9male9,9chennai9,5HB)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
student(stu;id,stu;name,gender,location,sem;mar*)values(9cs5$9,9+ab
u9,9male9,9chennai9,5KB)8
5 ro# created!
se3ect c$**'+(:
select < rom student8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13 S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
cs%5 .aFa male madurai &IB
cs%$ Abinya emale trichy &$B
cs%B +abu male trichy IHB
cs%I 'avid male madurai BHB
cs%& =anga emale chennai &HB
cs%K Feeva male coimbatore $HG
cs%O Aarthi*a emale coimbatore IHG
cs%H *annan male erode BBG
cs%G Sathya emale chennai B$B
cs5% 2rabhu male chennai
cs55 Aravind male chennai 5HB
cs5$ +abu male chennai 5KB
CS1256 DBMS Lab
5$ ro#s selected!
select stu;name,sem;mar* rom student8
S"(;3AM/ S/M;MA.A
-------------------- ---------
.aFa &IB
Abinya &$B
+abu IHB
'avid BHB
=anga &HB
Feeva $HG
Aarthi*a IHG
*annan BBG
Sathya B$B
2rabhu
Aravind 5HB
+abu 5KB
5$ ro#s selected!
ARITHMETIC .#ERAT.RS:
.)e!'t$! Desc!,)t,$+
P Add
- Subtract
< Multiply
> 'ivide
select stu;name,sem;mar*,sem;mar*P5% rom student8
S"(;3AM/ S/M;MA.A S/M;MA.AP5%
CS1256 DBMS Lab
-------------------- --------- -----------
.aFa &IB &&B
Abinya &$B &BB
+abu IHB IGB
'avid BHB BGB
=anga &HB &GB
Feeva $HG $GG
Aarthi*a IHG IGG
*annan BBG BIG
Sathya B$B BBB
2rabhu
Aravind 5HB 5GB
+abu 5KB 5OB
5$ ro#s selected!
select stu;name,sem;mar*,sem;mar*>O as avg rom student8
S"(;3AM/ S/M;MA.A AE=
-------------------- --------- ---------
.aFa &IB OO!&O5I$G
Abinya &$B OI!O5I$HK
+abu IHB KG
'avid BHB &I!O5I$HK
=anga &HB HB!$H&O5I
Feeva $HG I5!$H&O5I
Aarthi*a IHG KG!H&O5IB
*annan BBG IH!I$H&O5
Sathya B$B IK!5I$H&O
CS1256 DBMS Lab
2rabhu
Aravind 5HB $K!5I$H&O
+abu 5KB $B!$H&O5I
5$ ro#s selected!
4s,+- the C$+c'te+'t,$+ .)e!'t$!:
selet st&CnameDDE is @rom EDDloation @rom st&!entF
ST"C$<MEDDEIS28>MEDDL>C<TI>$
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
8a9a is @rom ma!&rai
<bin?a is @rom tri-?
Bab& is @rom tri-?
Da.i! is @rom ma!&rai
Han,a is @rom -ennai
9ee.a is @rom oimbatore
Iart-i=a is @rom oimbatore
=annan is @rom ero!e
Sat-?a is @rom -ennai
1rab-& is @rom -ennai
<ra.in! is @rom -ennai
Bab& is @rom -ennai
12 ro*s selete!.
selet loation @rom st&!entF
L>C<TI>$
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
CS1256 DBMS Lab
ma!&rai
tri-?
tri-?
ma!&rai
-ennai
oimbatore
oimbatore
ero!e
-ennai
-ennai
-ennai
-ennai
12 ro*s selete!.
ELIMINATING DUPLICATE ROWS(
select distinct location rom student8
01-A"I13
--------------------
chennai
coimbatore
erode
madurai
trichy
:HERE C3'se:
select < rom student #here locationM9chennai98
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13 S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
CS1256 DBMS Lab
C$*)'!,s$+ C$+(,t,$+s:
.)e!'t$! Me'+,+-
M /qual to
C =reater than
CM =reater than or equal to
Q 0ess than
QM 0ess than or equal to
QC 3ot equal to
select < rom student #here sem;mar*Q&%%8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
CS1256 DBMS Lab
H ro#s selected!
select < rom student #here sem;mar*CB%%8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
H ro#s selected!
select < rom student #here sem;mar*QB%%8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
select < rom student #here locationNM9chennai98
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
CS1256 DBMS Lab
O ro#s selected!
.the! C$*)'!,s$+ C$+(,t,$+s
.)e!'t$! Me'+,+-
+/"@//3 !!!A3'!!! +et#een t#o values (inclusive),
I3(set) Match any o a list o values
0IA/ Match a character pattern
IS 3(00 Is a null value
select < rom student #here sem;mar* bet#een I%% and &%%8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
select < rom student #here stu;id in(9cs%59,9cs%&9,9cs%G9)8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
select < rom student #here stu;id not in(9cs%59,9cs%&9,9cs%G9)8
CS1256 DBMS Lab
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
G ro#s selected!
select stu;name rom student #here stu;name li*e 9AR98
S"(;3AM/
--------------------
Abinya
Aravind
select stu;name rom student #here stu;name li*e 9;rR98
S"(;3AM/
--------------------
2rabhu
Aravind
select stu;name rom student #here stu;name li*e 9Ru98
S"(;3AM/
--------------------
+abu
CS1256 DBMS Lab
2rabhu
+abu
select stu;id,stu;name rom student #here sem;mar* is 3(008
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/
---------- --------------------
cs5% 2rabhu
L$-,c'3 C$+(,t,$+s
.)e!'t$! Me'+,+-
A3' .eturns ".(/ i both component conditions are true
1. .eturns ".(/ i either component condition is true
31" .eturns ".(/ i the ollo#ing condition is alse
select stu;id,stu;name,gender,sem;mar* rom student #here
sem;mar*C&%% and genderM9emale98
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------
cs%$ Abinya emale &$B
cs%& =anga emale &HB
select stu;name rom student order by stu;name desc 8
S"(;3AM/
--------------------
*annan
Feeva
Sathya
.aFa
2rabhu
Aarthi*a
CS1256 DBMS Lab
=anga
'avid
+abu
+abu
Aravind
Abinya
5$ ro#s selected!
4#DATE:
(2'A"/ table S/" column M value 6, column M value, !!!76@,/./
condition78
update student set locationM9madurai9 #here stu;idM9cs%G98
5 ro# updated!
DELETE C.MMAND:
'/0/"/ 6F.1M7 table 6@,/./ condition78
delete rom student #here stu;idMScs%GS8
5 ro# deleted!
Select < rom student8
S"(;I' S"(;3AM/ =/3'/. 01-A"I13
S/M;MA.A
---------- -------------------- ---------- -------------------- ---------
CS1256 DBMS Lab
55 ro#s selected!
Res3t:
"he S?0 queries or insert, select, update and delete commands
are executed in oracle server and the results are veriied!
E=<+$<? Neste( Ae!,es '+( I$,+ Ae!,es
SAL S8Be!6
Subquery or Inner query or 3ested query is a query in a query! A
subquery is usually added in the @,/./ -lause o the sql statement!
Most o the time, a subquery is used #hen you *no# ho# to search or a
value using a S/0/-" statement, but do not *no# the exact value!
Subqueries are an alternate #ay o returning data rom multiple tables!
Subqueries can be used #ith the ollo#ing sql statements along #ith the
comparision operators li*e M, Q, C, CM, QM etc!
SELECT
I$SE8T
"1D<TE
DELETE
CS1256 DBMS Lab
SAL I.IN
"he T1I3 *ey#ord is used in an S?0 statement to query data rom t#o
or more tables, based on a relationship bet#een certain columns in these
tables!
"ables in a database are oten related to each other #ith *eys!
A primary *ey is a column (or a combination o columns) #ith a unique
value or each ro#! /ach primary *ey value must be unique #ithin the
table! "he purpose is to bind data together, across tables, #ithout
repeating all o the data in every table!
D,%%e!e+t SAL I.INs
+eore #e continue #ith examples, #e #ill list the types o T1I3 you
can use, and the dierences bet#een them!
I.IN4 .eturn ro#s #hen there is at least one match in both tables
LE0T I.IN4 .eturn all ro#s rom the let table, even i there are
no matches in the right table
RI/HT I.IN4 .eturn all ro#s rom the right table, even i there
are no matches in the let table
04LL I.IN4 .eturn ro#s #hen there is a match in one o the
tables
SAL INNER I.IN
"he I33/. T1I3 *ey#ord return ro#s #hen there is at least one
match in both tables!
SAL INNER I.IN S6+t'=
F.1M table;name5
I33/. T1I3 table;name$
13 table;name5!column;nameMtable;name$!column;name
SAL LE0T I.IN
"he 0/F" T1I3 *ey#ord returns all ro#s rom the let table
(table;name5), even i there are no matches in the right table
(table;name$)!
SAL LE0T I.IN S6+t'=
F.1M table;name5
0/F" T1I3 table;name$
CS1256 DBMS Lab
SAL RI/HT I.IN
"he .I=," T1I3 *ey#ord .eturn all ro#s rom the right table
(table;name$), even i there are no matches in the let table
(table;name5)!
SAL RI/HT I.IN S6+t'=
F.1M table;name5
.I=," T1I3 table;name$
SAL 04LL I.IN
"he F(00 T1I3 *ey#ord return ro#s #hen there is a match in one o the
tables!
SAL 04LL I.IN S6+t'=
F.1M table;name5
F(00 T1I3 table;name$
:!,te Neste( Be!,es '+( ;$,+e( Be!,es %$! $!'c3e se!5e!
AIM
"o study about 3ested queries and Foin queries
SAL A4ERIES:
M',+ Ae!6
@hich employees have salaries greater than 1mSs salaryD
S8Be!6:
@hat is 1mSs salaryD
CS1256 DBMS Lab
S6+t'=
S/0/-" select;list F.1M table @,/./ expr operator (S/0/-"
select;list F.1M table)8
T'83es se(:
5!employee
$!employee;salary
C!e'te t'83e 1:
create table employee(emp;name varchar($%),city varchar($%))8
"able created!
I+se!t 5'3es:
insert into employee(emp;name,city)values(9,ari9,92une9)8
5 ro# created!
insert into employee(emp;name,city)values(91m9,9Mumbai9)8
5 ro# created!
insert into employee(emp;name,city)values(9Smith9,93ashi*9)8
5 ro# created!
insert into employee(emp;name,city)values(9Tay9,9Solapur9)8
5 ro# created!
C!e'te t'83e 2:
create table employee;salary(emp;name varchar(5%),dept
varchar(5%),salary number(5%))8
"able created!
I+se!t 5'3es:
insert into
employee;salary(emp;name,dept,salary)values(9,ari9,9-omputer9,5%%
%%)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
employee;salary(emp;name,dept,salary)values(91m9,9I"9,O%%%)8
CS1256 DBMS Lab
5 ro# created!
insert into
employee;salary(emp;name,dept,salary)values(9+illi9,9-omputer9,H%%
%)8
5 ro# created!
insert into
employee;salary(emp;name,dept,salary)values(9Tay9,9I"9,&%%%)8
5 ro# created!
T$ %,+( the e*)3$6ee +'*es 9h$ h'5e -et the s'3'!6 h,-he! th'+
.*Js S'3'!6K
select emp;name,salary rom employee;salary #here salaryC(select
salary rom employee;salary #here emp;nameM91m9)8
/M2;3AM/ SA0A.J
---------- ---------
,ari 5%%%%
+illi H%%%
T$ %,+( M,+ s'3'!6 ,+ the t'83e:
Select min(salary) rom employee;salary8
MIN(SALARY)
<<<<<<<<<<<
G000
T$ %,+( the e*)3$6ee (et',3s 9h$ -et 3$9est s'3'!6 ,+ the c$*)'+6K
select < rom employee;salary #here salaryM(select min(salary) rom
employee;salary)8
/M2;3AM/ '/2" SA0A.J
---------- ---------- ---------
Tay I" &%%%
T$ %,+( the e*)3$6ee (et',3s 9h$ -et H,-hest s'3'!6 ,+ the c$*)'+6K
select < rom employee;salary #here salaryM(select max(salary) rom
employee;salary)8
CS1256 DBMS Lab
/M2;3AM/ '/2" SA0A.J
---------- ---------- ---------
,ari -omputer 5%%%%
I$,+ Be!,es:
I++e! I$,+:
select employee!emp;name,employee;salary!salary rom employee
innerFoin employee;salary on
employee!emp;nameMemployee;salary!emp;name8
select < rom employee innerFoin employee;salary on
033 .te! ;$,+:
select < rom employee ull outer Foin employee;salary on
Le%t $te! ;$,+
select < rom employee letouterFoin employee;salary on
R,-ht $te! ;$,+:
select < rom employee right outer Foin employee;salary on
Res3t:
"he S?0 nested queries and Foined queries are executed in oracle
server and the results are veriied!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E=<+$<@ V,e9
V,e9
A vie# is a virtual table that consists o columns rom one or more tables!
"hough it is similar to a table, it is stored in the database! It is a query
stored as an obFect! ,ence, a vie# is an obFect that derives its data rom
one or more tables! "hese tables are reerred to as base or underlying
tables!
1nce you have deined a vie#, you can reerence it li*e any other table in
a database!
A vie# serves as a security mechanism! "his ensures that users are able
to retrieve and modiy only the data seen by them! (sers cannot see or
access the remaining data in the underlying tables! A vie# also serves as
a mechanism to simpliy query execution! -omplex queries can be stored
in the orm as a vie#, and data rom the vie# can be extracted using
simple queries!
SAL CREATE VIE: St'te*e+t
In S?0, a vie# is a virtual table based on the result-set o an S?0
statement!
A vie# contains ro#s and columns, Fust li*e a real table! "he ields in a
vie# are ields rom one or more real tables in the database!
Jou can add S?0 unctions, @,/./, and T1I3 statements to a vie# and
present the data as i the data #ere coming rom one single table!
SAL CREATE VIE: S6+t'=
C8E<TE )IEA .ie*Cname <S
SELECT ol&mnCname0s3
28>M tableCname
A+E8E on!ition
SAL 4)('t,+- ' V,e9
Jou can update a vie# by using the ollo#ing syntax4
SAL CREATE .R RE#LACE VIE: S6+t'=
C8E<TE >8 8E1L<CE )IEA .ie*Cname <S
SELECT ol&mnCname0s3
CS1256 DBMS Lab
28>M tableCname
A+E8E on!ition
SAL D!$)),+- ' V,e9
Jou can delete a vie# #ith the '.12 EI/@ command!
SAL DR.# VIE: S6+t'=
D8>1 )IEA .ie*Cname
:!,te 5,e9s %$! DDL c$**'+(s ,+ SAL Be!,es
CS1256 DBMS Lab
AIM:
"o studies about vie#s or ''0 commands
SAL A4ERIES:
T$)<N A+'36s,s
T$)<N Be!,es %,+(s the + 3'!-est $! s*'33est 5'3es $% ' c$3*+
%$! e='*)3e
<9h't '!e the G 8est st(e+ts ,+ the c3'ss
<9h't '!e the G 9$!st st(e+ts ,+ the c3'ss
se3ect !$9+* 's !'+F,stE+'*e,se*E*'!F %!$*(se3ect
stE+'*e,se*E*'!F %!$* st(e+t $!(e! 86 se*E*'!F)9he!e
!$9+*LM?N
se3ect !$9+* 's !'+F,stE+'*e,se*E*'!F %!$*(se3ect
stE+'*e,se*E*'!F %!$* st(e+t $!(e! 86 se*E*'!F
(esc)9he!e !$9+*LM?N
c!e'te 5,e9 s! 's se3ect O %!$* e*)3$6eeEs'3'!6N
V,e9 c!e'te(.
c!e'te 5,e9 s!1 's se3ect e*)E+'*e,s'3'!6 %!$* e*)3$6eeEs'3'!6
9he!e s'3'!6MH000N
V,e9 c!e'te(.
(esc s!1N
N'*e N33K T6)e
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<< <<<<
EM#ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY N4MBER(10)
se3ect O %!$* s!1N
EM#ENAME SALARY
CS1256 DBMS Lab
<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<
.* H000
c!e'te 5,e9 s!2 's se3ect e*)E+'*e +'*e,s'3'!6P1000 +e9Es'3'!6
%!$* e*)3$6eeEs'3'!6N
V,e9 c!e'te(.
(esc s!2N
N'*e N33K T6)e
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<< <<<<
NAME VARCHAR2(10)
NE:ESALARY N4MBER
se3ect O %!$* s!2N
NAME NE:ESALARY
<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<<
H'!, 11000
.* 2000
B,33, 1000
I'6 Q000
(!$) t'83e:
(!$) 5,e9 5,e9 +'*eN
(!$) 5,e9 s!1N
V,e9 (!$))e(.
Res3t:
"he Eie#s or ''0 commands in S?0 queries are executed in
oracle server and the results are veriied!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E=<+$:G H,-h 3e5e3 )!$-!'**,+- 3'+-'-e
e=te+s,$+s
(C$+t!$3 st!ct!es, #!$ce(!es '+( 0+ct,$+s).
C$+(,t,$+'3 C$+t!$3 (Se3ect,$+): "his structure tests a condition,
depending on the condition is true or alse it decides the sequence o
statements to be executed! /xample
IF-",/3, -AS/ and searched -AS/ statements!
S6+t'= %$! I0<THEN
IF ",/3
Statements
/3' IF8
+(-4$&-$5S$6
IF ",/3
Statements
/0S/
statements
/3' IF8
I0<THEN<ELSI0:
IF ",/3
Statements
/0SIF ",/3
Statements
/0S/
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Statements
/3' IF8
Ite!'t,5e C$+t!$3
0112 statement executes the body statements multiple times! "he
statements are placed bet#een 0112 U /3' 0112 *ey#ords!
"he simplest orm o 0112 statement is an ininite loop! /VI" statement
is used inside 0112 to terminate it!
S6+t'= %$! L..#< END L..#
0112
Statements
/3' 01128
/xample4
+/=I3
0112
'+MS;1("2("!2(";0I3/ (W,elloS)8
/3' 01128
/3'8
#L"SAL #!$ce(!e
< )#*r$+ ,r*!$+ur$ or in simple a ,r*! is a name! 1L/S%L
blo= *-i- per@orms one or more speif tas=. T-is is
similar to a proe!&re in ot-er pro,rammin, lan,&a,es. <
proe!&re -as a -ea!er an! a bo!?. T-e -ea!er onsists o@
t-e name o@ t-e proe!&re an! t-e parameters or .ariables
passe! to t-e proe!&re. T-e bo!? onsists or !elaration
setion, e/e&tion setion an! e/eption setion similar to a
,eneral 1L/S%L Blo=. < proe!&re is similar to an
CS1256 DBMS Lab
anon?mo&s 1L/S%L Blo= b&t it is name! @or repeate!
&sa,e.
@e can pass parameters to procedures in three #ays!
5) I3-parameters
$) 1("-parameters
B) I3 1("-parameters
A procedure may or may not return any value!
=eneral Syntax to create a procedure is4
-./A"/ 61. ./20A-/7 2.1-/'(./ proc;name 6list o parameters7
IS
'eclaration section
+/=I3
/xecution section
/V-/2"I13
/xception section
/3'8
IS < mar*s the beginning o the body o the procedure and is similar to
'/-0A./ in anonymous 20>S?0 +loc*s! "he code bet#een IS and
+/=I3 orms the 'eclaration section!
"he syntax #ithin the brac*ets 6 7 indicate they are optional! +y using
-./A"/ 1. ./20A-/ together the procedure is created i no other
procedure #ith the same name exists or the existing procedure is
replaced #ith the current code!
#L"SAL 0+ct,$+s
A unction is a named 20>S?0 +loc* #hich is similar to a procedure!
"he maFor dierence bet#een a procedure and a unction is, a unction
must al#ays return a value, but a procedure may or may not return a
value!
"he =eneral Syntax to create a unction is4
-./A"/ 61. ./20A-/7 F(3-"I13 unction;name 6parameters7
./"(.3 return;datatype8
IS
'eclaration;section
CS1256 DBMS Lab
+/=I3
/xecution;section
.eturn return;variable8
/V-/2"I13
exception section
.eturn return;variable8
/3'8
5) Ret!+ T6)e: "he header section deines the return type o the
unction! "he return datatype can be any o the oracle datatype li*e
varchar, number etc!
$) "he execution and exception section both should return a value #hich
is o the datatype deined in the header section!
:!,te #L"SAL )!$-!'*s ,+ .!'c3e Se!5e!
AIM:
"o #rite the ,igh level programming language extensions
(-ontrol structures, procedures and unctions) in 1racle server!

#R./RAM:
#L"SAL #!$-!'* t$ %,+( the '((,t,$+ $% 2 +*8e!s:
set serveroutput on8
declare
a number8
b number8
c number8
begin
a4MXa8
b4MXb8
c4MaPb8
dbms;output!put;line(9addition9YYc)8
end8
>
/nter value or a4 K
old K4 a4MXa8
ne# K4 a4MK8
/nter value or b4 H
old O4 b4MXb8
ne# O4 b4MH8
addition5I
20>S?0 procedure successully completed!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
#L"sB3 s* $% se!,es(1P2P?PPR..P+)
#!$-!'*:
declare
n number4MXn8
i number4M58
x number4M%8
begin
loop
x4MxPi8
exit #hen iMn8
i4MiP58
end loop8
dbms;output!put;line(9sumM9YYx)8
end8
>
/nter value or n4 &
old $4 n number4MXn8
ne# $4 n number4M&8
sumM5&
#L"SAL #!$-!'* t$ %,+( the 8,--est $% th!ee +*8e!s:
declare
a number8
b number8
c number8
begin
a4MXa8
b4MXb8
c4MXc8
i (aCb) then
dbms;output!put;line(9"he biggest value is aM9YYa)8
elsi (bCc) then
dbms;output!put;line(9"he biggest value is bM9YYb)8
else
dbms;output!put;line(9"he biggest value is cM9YYc)8
end i8
end8
>
/nter value or a4 &
old K4 a4MXa8
ne# K4 a4M&8
/nter value or b4 5
old O4 b4MXb8
ne# O4 b4M58
/nter value or c4 $
old H4 c4MXc8
CS1256 DBMS Lab
ne# H4 c4M$8
"he biggest value is aM&
#R.CED4RE:
#L"SAL #!$-!'* t$ %,+( the 0'ct$!,'3 $% ' -,5e+ +*8e! s,+-
#!$ce(!e
create or replace procedure act( in number)
as
act number8
begin
act4M58
or i in 5!! loop
act4Mact<i8
end loop8
dbms;output!put;line(YY9N9YY act)8
end act8
>
2rocedure created
"o /xecute
/xec act(&)
&N5$%
04NCTI.N:
-./A"/ 1. ./20A-/ F(3-"I13 tax(p;value I3 3(M+/.)
./"(.3 3(M+/. IS
+/=I3
./"(.3 (p;value < %!%H)8
/3' tax8
>
Function created
select emp;name,salary,tax(salary) rom employee;salary8
/M2;3AM/ SA0A.J "AV(SA0A.J)
---------- --------- -----------
,ari 5%%%% H%%
1m O%%% &K%
+illi H%%% KI%
Tay &%%% I%%
CS1256 DBMS Lab
RES4LT:
"he control structures, procedures and unctions are executed in
1racle server and the output is veriied!
E><N.<Q 0R.NT END T..LS
AIM4
"o study the ront end tools o oracle developer suite and their
unctions!
INTR.D4CTI.N:
A collection o tools represented by iconic buttons in the
user interace that allo# a report developer to perorm tas*s, such as
dra#ing a rectangle in the 2aper 0ayout vie# or creating a query in
the 'ata Model vie#!
M',+ T$$38'!
"he main toolbar is located at the top o the .eports +uilder #indo#,
directly beneath the menu bar4
Ne9 button! 'isplays the 3e# .eport dialog box!
.)e+ button! 'isplays the 1pen dialog box!
S'5e button! Saves the report! I you haven9t saved the report beore, the
Save As dialog box displays!
#!,+t button! 2rints the paper report!
M',3 button! 'isplays the Mail dialog box!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
C$++ect button! 'isplays the -onnect dialog box!
Ct button! 'eletes the currently selected item and temporarily places it
in the clipboard!
C$)6 button! "emporarily places a copy o the selected item in the
clipboard!
#'ste button! 2astes the item in the clipboard in current location o the
cursor!
4+($ button! (ndoes the last action perormed!
Re($ button! 2erorms the last action again!
R+ :e8 L'6$t button! .uns the current report to the @eb bro#ser!
R+ #')e! L'6$t button! .uns the current report to the 2aper 'esign
vie# in .eports +uilder!
#')e! L'6$t V,e9 T$$3 #'3ette
"he 2aper 0ayout vie# tool palette is a vertical group o tools located on
the let-hand side o the 2aper 0ayout vie#!
Se3ect4 'eselects any selected tool to turn o the current tool!
M'-+,%64 Zooms in the vie# on the clic*ed obFect!
0!'*e Se3ect t$$3! Selects all obFects #ithin the selected rame or
repeating rame, depending upon their explicit anchors!
Resh')e tool! /nables to reshape the selected obFect!
Rect'+-3e4 'ra#s a rectangle obFect!
E33,)se4 'ra#s an ellipse obFect!
#$36-$+4 'ra#s a multisided obFect! "he obFect must be closed, unli*e a
polyline obFect!
R$+(e( !ect'+-3e4 'ra#s a rounded rectangle obFect!
Te=t4 -reates a boilerplate text obFect
R'(,$ Btt$+4 "o give the user an option o selecting either Male or
Female!
I*'-e ,te*4 "o display the images in the paper layout screen
CS1256 DBMS Lab
L,st ,te*4 "o list out the data items
R$t'te4 /nables to rotate the direction o the selected obFect!
L,+e4 'ra#s a line obFect!
A!c4 'ra#s an arc image!
#$363,+e4 'ra#s an open multilined obFect! (se the mouse to create the
multiple lines!
0!eeh'+(4 'ra#s a line #here you drag the mouse!
0!'*e4 'ra#s a rame!
Re)e't,+- 0!'*e t$$3! 'ra#s a repeating rame!
/!')h4 'isplays the =raph @i)ard so that you can to deine a graph that
#ill be inserted into the layout!
ChecF B$=4 is a graphical user interace element (#idget) that permits
the user to ma*e multiple selections rom a number o options!
3ormally, chec* boxes are sho#n on the screen as a square box that
can contain #hite space (or alse) or a tic* mar* or V (or true), as
pictured
Ch'!t Ite*4 'isplays the datas in chart ormat
H,e!'!ch,'3 t!ee4 'isplays the data in tree structure
St'cFe( c'+5's "he stac*ed canvas is extension o content canvas #hich
can be display or hide dynamically! "he main advantage o stac*ed
canvas is to extend the si)e o the content cavas!Fill color4
L,+e C$3$!4 selects the color to line
Te=t C$3$!4 selects the color to text
CS1256 DBMS Lab
RES4LT4
"hus the ront end tools o oracle developer suite have been studied!
E><N.<H 0.RMS
DESCRI#TI.N:
.!'c3e 0$!*s is a sot#are product or creating screens that interact
#ith an 1racle database! It has a I'/ including an obFect navigator,
property sheet and code editor that uses 20>S?0! It #as originally
developed to run server-side in character mode terminal sessions! It #as
ported to other platorms, including @indo#s, to unction in a clientU
server environment! 0ater versions #ere ported to Tava #here it runs in a
Tava // container and can integrate #ith Tava and #eb services!
"he primary ocus o Forms is to create data entry systems that access an
1racle database!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
1racle Forms +uilder is an 1racle tool that helps us to create orms!
@e can use
1racle Forms +uilder to4
[ 'esign and customi)e the orms!
[ Add various unctionality, li*e radio buttons, combo boxes,
and list o values
to ma*e the orms and reports more user riendly!
C$*)$+e+ts $% .!'c3e 0$!*s B,3(e!
1bFect 3avigator4 In this component #e can vie# all the obFects, add
ne#
obFects and name>rename the obFects! (FB hot *ey)
0ayout /ditor4 "his component helps us to design the orms and add
various
obFects to them such as push buttons and list boxes! (F$ hot *ey)
H$9 ,t 9$!Fs
1racle Forms accesses the 1racle database and generates a screen that
presents the data! "he source orm (<!mb) is compiled into an
:executable: (<!mx), that is run (interpreted) by the orms runtime
module! "he orm is used to vie# and edit data in database-driven
applications! Earious =(I elements, such as buttons, menus, scrollbars,
and graphics can be placed on the orm!
"he environment supplies built-in record creation, query, and update
modes, each #ith its o#n deault data manipulations! "his minimi)es the
need to program common and tedious operations, such as creating
dynamic S?0, sensing changed ields, and loc*ing ro#s!
As is normal #ith event driven interaces, the sot#are implements
event-handling unctions called triggers #hich are automatically invo*ed
at critical steps in the processing o records, the receipt o *eyboard
stro*es, and the receipt o mouse movements! 'ierent triggers may be
called beore, during, and ater each critical step!
/ach trigger unction is initially a stub, containing a deault action or
nothing! 2rogramming 1racle Forms thereore generally consists o
modiying the contents o these triggers in order to alter the deault
behavior! Some triggers, i provided by the programmer, replace the
deault action #hile others augment it!
As a result o this strategy, it is possible to create a number o deault
orm layouts #hich possess complete database unctionality yet contain
no programmer-#ritten code at all!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Des,-+ ' %$!* %$! St(e+t t'83e ,+ $!'c3e +(e! 9,+($9s
AIM:
"o create a ne# orm or \Student] "able and ormat the data ields
appropriately!
STE#S 0.R CREATIN/ 0.RMS:
"o log on to 1racle Forms +uilder, go to Start C 2rograms C
CS1256 DBMS Lab
1racle 'eveloper Suite C Forms 'eveloper C Forms +uilder
@e #ill see the #indo# or 1racle Form +uilder #ith the sub-
#indo# or 1bFect 3avigator!
"o -reate a 'ata +loc* or S"('/3", First, double clic* 'ata
+loc* in the 1bFect 3avigator!
@e #ill see the sub-#indo# or 3e# 'ata +loc*! Select \(se
the 'atabloc* @i)ard] and clic* 1A!
@e #ill no# see the @elcome to the 'ata +loc* @i)ard
@indo#! -lic* 3ext to proceed!
Select \"able or Eie#] and clic* 3ext!
Select a table or a vie# (this orm #ill be created based on this
selection) by clic* on \+ro#se] to loo* at the list o tables and vie#s in
the database!
1nce #e clic* bro#se, the connect #indo# #ill appear! "ype
username, pass#ord and database to connect to the database, then clic*
\-onnect]!

(sername4 system
2ass#ord4 oracle
'atabase4 V/
@e #ill no# see the "ables #indo#! Select current users and
tables! "hen Select S"('/3"] in the list o tables created in the
database and clic* 1A!
@e #ill no# see the selected table and its available columns on
the screen! -lic* on the double right arro# or selecting all the columns
in to the database items! "hen clic* 3ext!
@e #ill no# see the #indo# or entering a name o the data
bloc*! -lic* 3ext to accept the deault values!
@e #ill no# see the -ongratulations #indo#! Select \-reate
the data bloc*, then call the 0ayout @i)ard] and clic* on Finish!
@e #ill no# see the @elcome to the 0ayout @i)ard @indo#!
-lic* 3ext to proceed!
@e #ill no# see the #indo# that prompts us to select canvas
name and canvas type that #e #ant to lay out the data bloc*Ss items!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
-lic* 3ext to accept the deault values!
Select the items that #e #ould li*e to sho# in the orm! "hen
clic* on 3ext to continue!
"he #indo# #ith the prompt or the height and #idth o the
items #ill appear! -lic* 3ext to accept the deault values!
Select the layout style o the bloc*! Select Form and clic* 3ext!
Select a title or the orm that #e are creating! "ype in \Student
.ecords] and -lic* 3ext to continue!
@e #ill no# see the -ongratulations #indo#! -lic* on Finish
to vie# the orm!
@e #ill no# see the layout editor o the orm that #e have
created! (#e can no# add various obFects li*e push buttons, combo boxes
and radio buttons to the orm to ma*e it more graphical and user
riendly!)
.ight clic* on the rame and select 2roperty 2alette rom the
popup menu! In the property palette, Set (pdate 0ayout M Manually!
In the obFect navigator, right clic* on the @indo#5 and select
2roperty 2alette rom the popup menu! "hen set "itle M Student! @e can
no# ormat the data ields manually!
Save the orm by clic*ing on the Save icon on the toolbar or
using -trlPS hot *ey!
-ompile Module by clic*ing on the -ompile Module icon on
the toolbar or using -trlP" hot *ey!
.un the orm by clic*ing on the .un Form icon on the toolbar
or using -trlP. hot *ey!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
RES4LT:
"hus the orms in oracle under #indo#s has been designed and the
output is veriied!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E=<+$<2 TRI//ER
INTR.D4CTI.N
S?0 trigger is an S?0 statements or a set o S?0 statements #hich is
stored to be activated or ired #hen an event associating #ith a database
table occurs! "he event can be any event including I3S/.", (2'A"/
and '/0/"/!
Sometimes a trigger is reerred as a special *ind o stored procedure in
term o procedural code inside its body! "he dierence bet#een a trigger
and a stored procedure is that a trigger is activated or called #hen an
event happens in a database table, a stored procedure must be called
explicitly! For example you can have some business logic to do beore or
ater inserting a ne# record in a database table!
+eore applying trigger in your database proFect, you should *no# its
pros and cons to use it properly!
A(5'+t'-es $% s,+- SAL t!,--e!
S?0 "rigger provides an alternative #ay to chec* integrity!
S?0 trigger can catch the errors in business logic in the database
level!
S?0 trigger provides an alternative #ay to run scheduled tas*s!
@ith S?0 trigger, you donSt have to #ait to run the scheduled
tas*s! Jou can handle those tas*s beore or ater changes being
made to database tables!
S?0 trigger is very useul #hen you use it to audit the changes o
data in a database table!
D,s'(5'+t'-es $% s,+- SAL t!,--e!
S?0 trigger only can provide extended validation and cannot
replace all the validations! Some simple validations can be done
in the application level! For example, you can validate input
chec* in the client side by using Favascript or in the server side by
server script using 2,2 or AS2!3/"!
S?0 "riggers executes invisibly rom client-application #hich
connects to the database server so it is diicult to igure out #hat
happen underlying database layer!
S?0 "riggers run every updates made to the table thereore it
adds #or*load to the database and cause system runs slo#er!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
T!,--e! L,*,t't,$+s
-./A"/ ".I==/. must be the irst statement in the batch and can
apply to only one table!
A trigger is created only in the current database8 ho#ever, a trigger can
reerence obFects outside the current database!
I the trigger schema name is speciied to qualiy the trigger, qualiy the
table name in the same #ay!
"he same trigger action can be deined or more than one user action (or
example, I3S/." and (2'A"/) in the same -./A"/ ".I==/.
statement!
I3S"/A' 1F '/0/"/>(2'A"/ triggers cannot be deined on a table
that has a oreign *ey #ith a cascade on '/0/"/>(2'A"/ action
deined!
Any S/" statement can be speciied inside a trigger! "he S/" option
selected remains in eect during the execution o the trigger and then
reverts to its ormer setting!
@hen a trigger ires, results are returned to the calling application, Fust
li*e #ith stored procedures! "o prevent having results returned to an
application because o a trigger iring, do not include either S/0/-"
statements that return results or statements that perorm variable
assignment in a trigger! A trigger that includes either S/0/-" statements
that return results to the user or statements that perorm variable
assignment requires special handling8 these returned results #ould have
to be #ritten into every application in #hich modiications to the trigger
table are allo#ed! I variable assignment must occur in a trigger, use a
S/" 31-1(3" statement at the start o the trigger to prevent the return
o any result sets!
Although a ".(3-A"/ "A+0/ statement is in eect a '/0/"/
statement, it does not activate a trigger because the operation does not log
individual ro# deletions! ,o#ever, only those users #ith permissions to
execute a ".(3-A"/ "A+0/ statement need be concerned about
inadvertently circumventing a '/0/"/ trigger this #ay!
"he @.I"/"/V" statement, #hether logged or unlogged, does not
activate a trigger!
#L"SAL T!,--e!s
"riggers are basically 20>S?0 procedures that are associated #ith tables,
and are called
CS1256 DBMS Lab
#henever a certain modiication (event) occurs! "he modiication
statements may include
I3S/.", (2'A"/, and '/0/"/!
"he general structure o triggers is4
-./A"/ 61. ./20A-/7
".I==/. trigger;name
+/F1./ (or AF"/.)
I3S/." 1. (2'A"/ 61F -10(M3S7 1. '/0/"/
13 tablename
6F1. /A-, .1@ 6@,/3 (condition)77
+/=I3
!!!
/3'8
"he usual -./A"/ 1. ./20A-/ #e have already seen #ith
procedures and unctions!!! ".I==/.speciies Fust #hat type o obFect
#e are creating!
"he +/F1./ (or AF"/.) in the trigger deinition reers to #hen you
#ant to run the trigger,
either beore the actual database modiication (update, delete, insert) or
ater!
"he list o various statements, I3S/." 1. (2'A"/ 61F -10(M3S7
1. '/0/"/ reers to
statements that trigger this trigger! Jou can speciy all three, or Fust one!
0etSs say you
#anted the trigger to ire only #hen you do a delete8 #ell, then youSd
only speciy a '/0/"/
in the list!
1n some table speciies that the trigger is associated #ith such table! As
#e shall see
later, this does not necessarily has to be a table, but could also be a vie#!
"here are several types o triggers8 ones or each ro# and others per
statement! For
example, #hen youSre doing an update, you can have a trigger ire once
or each thing being
updated (i you update $% ro#s, the thing #ould ire $% times), or you
can have it ire Fust
once per statement (i a single update statement is updating $% ro#s, the
trigger #ould ire
Fust once)! "his is #hat that F1. /A-, .1@ in the trigger deinition
means!
"he 20>S?0 bloc* (bet#een +/=I3 and /3') is a usual code bloc*
#here you can place
CS1256 DBMS Lab
20>S?0 commands! "he only limitation is that you cannot use -1MMI"
(or .100+A-A) or
obvious reasons!
E=ecte t!,--e! st'te*e+ts %$! the e*)3$6ee s'3'!6 c'3c3't,$+ ,+
$!'c3e se!5e!
AIM:
"o -reate and execute the trigger statement or the employee salary
calculation
C!e'te t'83e:
create table empplo(idno number(&),name varchar($%),basicpay
number(5%),hra number(5%),da number(5%),ded number(5%),netpay
number(5%),grosspay number(5%))8
"able created!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
C!e'te T!,--e!:
create trigger trigger& ater insert on empplo
begin
update empplo set hraMbasicpay<H>5%%8
update empplo set daMbasicpay<$&>5%%8
update empplo set grosspayMbasicpayPhraPda8
update empplo set netpayMgrosspay-ded8
end8
>
"rigger created!
I+se!t the 5'3es:
S?0C insert into
empplo(idno,name,basicpay,ded)values(5,9suresh9,$%%%%,&%%)8
5 ro# created!
S?0C insert into
empplo(idno,name,basicpay,ded)values($,9raFu9,$&%%%,K%%)8
5 ro# created!
S?0C insert into
empplo(idno,name,basicpay,ded)values(B,9ravi9,B%%%%,O%%)8
5 ro# created!
S?0C insert into
empplo(idno,name,basicpay,ded)values(I,9shobana9,B&%%%,H%%)8
5 ro# created!
S?0C select < rom empplo8
I'31 3AM/ +ASI-2AJ ,.A 'A '/' 3/"2AJ
=.1SS2AJ
-------- -------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
CS1256 DBMS Lab
5 suresh $%%%% 5K%% &%%% &%% $K5%%
$KK%%
$ raFu $&%%% $%%% K$&% K%% B$K&%
BB$&%
B ravi B%%%% $I%% O&%% O%% BG$%%
BGG%%
I shobana B&%%% $H%% HO&% H%% I&O&%
IK&&%
RES4LT:
"hus the triggers in S?0 are executed and the output is veriied!!
E=<+$<1 MEN4S
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Desc!,)t,$+:
Menus are eatures that are available in nearly all programs no#adays !
Ma*ing menus is very easy in Eisual +asic using the menu editor !
"o start the menu editor you go to "ools Y Menu /ditor or pressing -trl
and e achieves the same results !
"he menu editor no# appears , here is #hat is displayed on screen!
,ere is a run do#n o the important eatures
C')t,$+ 4 this is the name that the user #ill see
N'*e 4 this is the name that the programmer uses , #e use the mnu
preix or all menu items (mnuFile)
Sh$!tct 4 this assigns a shortcut to a menu item this is a combination o
*eys #hich access a menu item or example -trl P c is commonly used
or copy
ChecFe( 4 this allo#s the programmer to place a chec* beside a menu
item , this is unchec*ed by deault
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E+'83e( 4 "his speciies #hether the menu item is accessible to the user ,
i this is chec*ed the menu item is grayed out and inaccessible!
V,s,83e4 this determines #hether the menu item is visible i this is not
chec*ed then the menu item #ill not appear at run time!
:,+($9L,st : determines #hether the menu item applies to an M'I
document (@ord and /xcel are examples o M'I applications)
He3)C$+te=tID 4 this matches a help description i you have any in your
program
I+(e= : this speciies a menus index in a control array!
Jou #ill also have noticed the arro#s these are used to manipulate manu
items the up and do#n arro#s move the menu items up and do#n the list
and the let > right arro#s are used to indent the menu items!
3o# #e #ill create a simple menu !
5! In the caption box type XFile
$! In the name box type mnuFile
B! clic* on the next button the blue bar moves do#n ready or the
next item to be entered
I! -lic* the right arro# button
&! In the caption type -
K! In the 3ame box type mnuSeperator
O! press the next button
H! In the caption box type X/xit
G! in the name box type mnuFile/xit
5%! clic* on 1A
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Des,-+ '+ '))3,c't,$+ %$!* c$+t',+,+- *e+ 9,th t9$ t$)<3e5e3
,te*s.
A,*:
"o develop an application orm containing a menu #ith t#o top-level
items, 0,3e and He3)!
Ste)s:
5! Start a ne# E+ proFect and invo*e the Menu /ditor using either
method sho#n above (clic* the Menu /ditor toolbar icon or select
the Menu /ditor option rom the "ools menu)!
$! For :-aption:, type 70,3e (by placing the ampersand to the let o the
:F:, #e establish :F: as an access *ey or the File item it enables
the user to drop do#n the File menu by *eying :AltPF: on the
*eyboard in addition to clic*ing the :File: item #ith the mouse)!
For :3ame:, type *+0,3e! -lic* the 3ext button!
B! -lic* the :right-arro#: button (sho#n circled belo#)! A ellipsis (!!!)
#ill appear as the next item in the menu list, indicating that this
item is a level-t#o item (belo# :File:)!
For :-aption:, type 7Ne98 or :3ame:, type *+Ne9, and or
:Shortcut:, select Ct!3PN! +y speciying a shortcut, you allo# the
user to access the associated menu item by pressing that *ey
combination! So here, you are providing the user three #ays o
invo*ing the :3e#: unction4 (5) clic*ing File, then clic*ing 3e#
on the menu8 ($) *eying AltPF,3 (because #e set up an access
*ey or :3: by placing an ampersand to let o :3: in :3e#:)8 or
(B) *eying -trlP3! -lic* the 3ext button!
I! For :-aption:, type 7.)e+8 or :3ame:, type *+.)e+, and or
:Shortcut:, select Ct!3P.! -lic* the 3ext button!
&! For :-aption:, type < (a hyphen), and or :3ame:, type *+0,3eB'!1!
A single hyphen as the -aption or a menu item tells E+ to create a
separator bar at that location! -lic* the 3ext button!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
K! For :-aption:, type 7S'5e8 or :3ame:, type *+S'5e, and or
:Shortcut:, select Ct!3PS! -lic* the 3ext button!
O! For :-aption:, type S'5e 7As ..., and or :3ame:, type *+S'5eAs!
-lic* the 3ext button!
H! For :-aption:, type <, and or :3ame:, type *+0,3eB'!2! -lic* the
3ext button!
G! For :-aption:, type 7#!,+t8or :3ame:, type *+#!,+t8 and or
:Shortcut:, select Ct!3P#!
-lic* the 3ext button!
5%! For :-aption:, type <8 and or :3ame:, type *+0,3eB'!?! -lic* the
3ext button!
55! For :-aption:, type E7=,t, and or :3ame:, type *+E=,t! -lic* the
3ext button
5$! -lic* the :let-arro#: button (sho#n circled belo#)! "he ellipsis (!!!)
no longer appears, meaning #e are bac* to the top-level items!
For :-aption:, type 7He3)8 and or :3ame:, type *+He3)!
5B! For :-aption:, type 7He3)8 and or :3ame:, type *+He3)!
5I! At this point, #e are done creating our menu entries, so clic* the .&
button! "hat #ill dismiss the menu editor and return ocus to the
E+ I'/!
5&! +ac* in the E+ I'/, your orm #ill no# have a menu, based on
#hat you have set up in the Menu /ditor! I you clic* on a top-
level menu item (0,3e or example), the level-t#o menu #ill drop
CS1256 DBMS Lab
do#n4
5K! -lic* on the Ne9 menu item! "he code #indo# or the
*+0,3eNe9EC3,cF event opens, as sho#n belo#! 3ote4 C3,cF is
the only event that a menu item can respond to!
In the2lace *+0,3eNe9EC3,cF event, place the code you #ant to
execute #hen the user clic*s the Ne9 menu item! Since this is
Fust a demo, #e #ill place a simple Msg+ox statement in the
event procedure4
Msg+ox :-ode or 93e#9 goes here!:, vbInormation, :Menu 'emo:
5O! -ode similar Msg+ox statements or the .)e+, S'5e, S'5e As, and
#!,+t menu items4

2rivate Sub mnuFile1pen;-lic*()
Msg+ox :-ode or 91pen9 goes here!:, vbInormation, :Menu 'emo:
/nd Sub
2rivate Sub mnuFileSave;-lic*()
Msg+ox :-ode or 9Save9 goes here!:, vbInormation, :Menu 'emo:
/nd Sub
2rivate Sub mnuFileSaveAs;-lic*()
Msg+ox :-ode or 9Save As9 goes here!:, vbInormation, :Menu
'emo:
CS1256 DBMS Lab
/nd Sub
2rivate Sub mnuFile2rint;-lic*()
Msg+ox :-ode or 92rint9 goes here!:, vbInormation, :Menu 'emo:
/nd Sub

5H! For the E=,t menu item -lic* event, code the statement 4+3$'( Me!

2rivate Sub mnuFile/xit;-lic*()
(nload Me
/nd Sub

5G! For the A8$t menu item -lic* event, code as sho#n belo#4

2rivate Sub mnu,elpAbout;-lic*()
Msg+ox :Menu 'emo: X vb-r0 ;
X :-opyright : X -hr^(5KG) X : $%%I thevbprogrammer!com:, , ;
:About:
/nd Sub
$%! .un the program! 3ote ho# the code executes #hen you clic* on the
various menu items! Also test the use o the access *eys (e!g!,
A3tP0, N) and shortcut *eys (e!g!, Ct!3<.)!
$5! Save the program and exit E+!
.4T#4T:
CS1256 DBMS Lab
CS1256 DBMS Lab
RES4LT:
"hus the menus can be designed in oracle under #indo#s!
CS1256 DBMS Lab
E=<+$<10 RE#.RTS
DESCRI#TI.N:
Speciically, this #ill involve4
J (sing the 'ata Model @i)ard
J (sing the 0ayout /ditor to customi)e the report
D't' M$(e3 :,C'!(:
"he /ntity 'ata Model @i)ard is used to generate an !edmx ile! For
more inormation, see !edmx File 1vervie# (/ntity Frame#or*)! "he
/ntity 'ata Model @i)ard allo#s you to create a model rom an
existing database, or to generate an empty model!
"he /ntity 'ata Model @i)ard starts ater you add an A'1!3/" /ntity
'ata Model, item template to your proFect! "he /ntity 'ata Model
@i)ard then launches the A'1!3/" /ntity 'ata Model 'esigner
(/ntity 'esigner) ater it inishes generating an !edmx ile!
"he /ntity 'ata Model @i)ard guides you through the ollo#ing steps4
5! Ch$$se M$(e3 C$+te+ts
+y selecting /e+e!'te %!$* ('t'8'se, you can generate an
!edmx ile rom an existing database! In the next steps, the /ntity
'ata Model @i)ard #ill guide you through selecting a data
source, database, and database obFects to include in the
conceptual model!
+y selecting E*)t6 *$(e3, you can add an !edmx ile that
contains empty conceptual model, storage model, and mapping
sections to your proFect! Select this option i you plan to use the
/ntity 'esigner to build your conceptual model and later generate
a database that supports the model! For more inormation, see
,o# to4 =enerate a 'atabase rom a -onceptual Model (/ntity
'ata Model "ools)!
$! Ch$$se Y$! D't' C$++ect,$+
Jou can select an existing connection rom the drop-do#n list o
connections, or clic* Ne9 D't'8'se C$++ect,$+ to open the
C$++ect,$+ #!$)e!t,es dialog box and create a ne# database
connection!
B! Ch$$se Y$! D't'8'se .8;ects
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Jou can select tables, vie#s, and stored procedures to include in the
!edmx ile!
+eginning #ith Eisual Studio $%5%, the Ch$$se Y$! D't'8'se .8;ects
dialog box also allo#s you to perorm the ollo#ing customi)ations4
o Apply /nglish-language rules or singulars and plurals to
entity, entity set, and navigation property names #hen
the !edmx ile is generated!
o Include oreign *ey columns as properties on entity types!
For more inormation, see -hoose Jour 'atabase 1bFects
'ialog +ox (/ntity 'ata Model @i)ard)!
(pon closing, the /ntity 'ata Model @i)ard creates an !edmx ile that
contains the model inormation! "he !edmx ile is used by the /ntity
'esigner, #hich enables you to vie# and edit the conceptual model and
mappings graphically!
"he /ntity 'ata Model @i)ard also creates a source code ile that
contains the classes that are generated rom the -S'0 content o the
!edmx ile! "he source code ile is automatically generated and is updated
#hen the !edmx ile changes!
C!e'te ' !e)$!t 8'se( $+ the e=,st,+- st(e+t t'83e
CS1256 DBMS Lab
AIM:
"o create reports based on the existing S"('/3" table!

Ste)s %$! C!e't,+- ' !e)$!t (based on S"('/3" table)
"o log on to 1racle .eports +uilder, go to Start C 2rograms C
1racle'eveloper Suite C .eports 'eveloper C .eports +uilder
@e #ill see the #elcome screen! "o create a ne# report, Select
\(se the .eport @i)ard] and clic* 1A!
@e #ill no# see the @elcome to the .eport @i)ard @indo#!
-lic* 3ext to proceed!
"he .eport type page appears, #hich allo#s us to speciy ho# the
report output appears in the .eports +uilder environment! Select
:-reate both @eb and 2aper 0ayout: and then clic* 3ext!
"he Style page appears, #hich allo#s us to speciy the report title
and style! "ype \Student Inormation] in the "itle box, and select
the :"abular: option, and then clic* 3ext!
"he 'ata source page appears, #hich allo#s us to speciy the
source o the report data! Select :S?0 ?uery:, and then clic*
3ext!
"he 'ata page appears, #hich allo#s to type a S?0 query! "ype
the ollo#ing query to retrieve the report data ields, and then
clic* 3ext!
Se3ect O %!$* ST4DENTN
1nce #e clic* next, the connect #indo# #ill appear! "ype
username, pass#ord and database to connect to the database, then
clic* \-onnect]!
CS1256 DBMS Lab

(sername4 system
2ass#ord4 oracle
'atabase4 V/
"he Fields page appears, sho#ing the ields the query returns!
"he Fields page allo#s to select one or more ields in the
Available Fields list to display in the report! -lic* the \CC] button
to select all query ields or the report! -lic* 3ext!
"he "otals page appears, allo#ing you to speciy one or more
ields or #hich #e might #ant to calculate a total!
Select :std;id: in the available ields, then clic* :-ountC: to
count the number o students!
Select :mar*5: in the available ields, then clic*
:MinimumC: to calculate the minimum mar*s!
Select :mar*5: in the available ields, then clic*
:MaximumC: to calculate the maximum mar*s! And so on!
"he 0abels page appears, #hich allo#s to speciy the report
labels and ield #idths! Modiy the ield labels, and then clic*
:3ext:!
"he template page appears, #hich allo#s to select a report
template to deine the characteristics o the report appearance!
Select the :2redeined template: option and choose a template,
then clic* 3ext!
@e #ill no# see the -ongratulations #indo#! -lic* on Finish!
"he report appears in the .eport /ditor - 2age 'esign #indo#!
Save the report!
-lic* \2age 0ayout] icon on the toolbar to ormat the layout o
the report
CS1256 DBMS Lab
CS1256 DBMS Lab
RES4LT:
"hus the report can be generated or the existing database table!
#'7S
Leave your belongings in the racks outside the Lab.
Maintain proper dress code (ID card).
Sign in the Login Register.
Before coencing e!perient" ensure that the systes and
peripherals etc." are in correct order.
#ake the $ssigned syste.
Maintain silence inside the Lab.
%hile leaving the lab chairs should be properly arranged.
Shutdo&n the syste properly.
#'&77S
Don't &ear shoes ( chappals inside the Lab.
CS1256 DBMS Lab
Don't delete folder(files" unless instructed.
Don't taper the stickers eant for the syste identification.
Don't ad)ust onitor settings ( *osition.
Don't use internet during Lab hours &ithout the concerned faculty's
kno&ledge.
Don't allo& other students to sit near you or to chat &ith you.
Don't allo& other students to operate your systes.

V,s,$+
"o equip our students to ace the uture challenges in
technological developments and deliver the bounties o rontier
*no#ledge or the beneit o human *ind!
M,ss,$+
"o acilitate students to learn and imbibe discipline, culture and
spirituality, besides encouraging our students to acquire latest
technological developments and to acilitate the college to emerge as a
centre o excellence #hich produces dedicated /ngineers and intellectual
leaders!
ST. MICHAEL /R.4# .0 INSTIT4TI.NS
St. M,ch'e3 C$33e-e $% E+-,+ee!,+- '+( Tech+$3$-6
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M'(!',
M,ch'e3 I+st,tte $% M'+'-e*e+t
M'(!',
CS1256 DBMS Lab
St. M,ch'e3 #$36tech+,c C$33e-e
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St. M,ch'e3 M't!,c3't,$+ H,-he! Sec$+('!6 Sch$$3
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St. M,ch'e3 M't!,c3't,$+ Sch$$3
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#$)e I$h+ #'3 II M,((3e Sch$$3
R'*'+'th')!'*
C$33e-e A((!ess
St!Santhiagapar 3agar,Aalayar*oil-KB% &&5Sivagangai 'istrict, "amilnadu!
2h4(%I&O&)-$B$%%G,$B$%5%
Mobile4%GHI$5 II&KO, %GGI$O GKOI&, %GGI$O GKOII
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Eisit4 ###!smcet!edu!in

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