Ref

.
No.
Title Author Soil Moisture
Sensor
Temperature
Sensor
pH Level Fertilizer Humidity
Sensor
Year Type of Source
(Journal-
UG,MS,PHD,
Web, Boook,
etc.)
Recommendation Others
1. SOIL
MOISTURE
ESTIMATIO
N USING
ACTIVE
AND
PASSIVE
MICROWA
VE REMOTE
SENSING
TECHNIQUE
S
Sonika
Sharma
- Active and
passive
microwave
remote
sensing
in the
estimation of
soil moistur
- Microwave
remote
sensing also
provides all
weather
capabilities
and can
penetrate the
atmosphere
with little
attenuation in
the lower
frequency
range.
- To observe the
effect of surface
roughness
on the soil water
content using the
brightness
temperature
- It was found that
the brightness
temperature (TB)
between wet and
dry conditions
decreases from
about 120 K for the
smooth field to 80
K and 40 K for the
medium
rough and rough
field respectively.
-temperature
probe
March
2006
Masteral Thesis - Models should first be
recalibrated to regional
soil surface and
vegetation conditions
before being
generalized.
-Moreover the sensing
depth for microwave
sensor is limited to only
few
centimeters, which
induces uncertainties
when compared against
measured soil moisture
values at
2-5 cm depth.
- The soil
of the
study area
is
well-
drained,
calcareous
, fine
loamy
soils, with
loamy
surface
and slight
erosion
2. SOIL
MOISTURE-
BASED DRIP
IRRIGATION
FOR
EFFICICENT
USE OF
WATER
AND
NUTRIENTS
AND
SUSTAINABI
LITY OF
VEGETABLE
S CROPPED
ON
COARSE
SOILS
JONATHA
N H
SCHRODE
R
- Dielectric
capacitance
probe( ECH2O
probe)

- Thermocouples
were installed just
under the surface
of the plastic
mulched bed to
determine the
range of
temperature fluxes
and to help
determine if
temperature had a
significant impact
on soil moisture as
generated by the
dielectric
capacitance probe.
-Scheduled
fertilizer
application by
the system
2006 Masteral Thesis -The
fertilizers added during
fertigation events are
increasing soil electrical
conductivity, and
increasing the dielectric
capacitance probes bulk
conductivity reading and
thus mV
output. If this is the
case, then the dielectric
capacitance probe needs
to be calibrated for
higher salinity levels in
sandy soils.
-Further studies should
address the potential
problems of high salinity
effects
and the potential for
-Drip
Irrigation,
the
capacity
to
conserve
water and
fertilizer
compared
to
overhead
sprinklers
and
subirrigati
on
-Salinity
content of
the soil
-plastic
mulch
integrating multiple
probes into the systems
operation.
raisin bed

3. Soil
Moisture
Monitoring:
Low-Cost
Tools and
Methods
Mike
Morris
-Electrical
resistance
blocks, work
on the
principle that
water
conducts
electricity
-2types
gypsum
blocks (with a
life of as little
as one year
but a cost of
only
$5 to $15
apiece) and
granular
matrix
sensors
(lasting three
to seven
years or more
and costing
$25 to $35
each)
-Thermal
dissipation
blocks, a less-
common
alternative to
electrical
resistance
blocks,
work on the
principle that
dry objects
heat
up faster than
wet objects.
These porous
ceramic
blocks
contain small
ATTRA(NCAT)
MAGAZINE
-
Tensiomet
ers
measure
soil water
tension-
crop
stress
heaters and
temperature
sensors.
4. Soil
Moisture
Sensor
(Product of
Vernier)
-Measure the
loss of
moisture over
time due to
evaporation
and plant
uptake
- Horizontal
orientation of
the sensor
ensures the
measurement
is made at a
particular soil
depth
2010 How to
use the
Soil
Moisture
Sensor
Positionin
g the
sensor
- 2.
Soil
Moisture
Sensors
5. Soil
Moisture
Sensor
DT171A
(Product of
FourierEduc
ation)
-The Soil
Moisture
sensor is used
as a tool to
optimize
irrigation and
to warn of
plant
stress at the
dry or wet
ends of the
scale.
- Measures
the soil
moistures
electric
resistance
and
converts it to
calibrated
readings of
soil water
suction
Dependin
g on
ambient
temperatu
re,
humidity,
and air
movemen
t
6. Testing of
Remotely
Controlled
Soil
Moisture
Sensors and
ROBERTO
MONTES
CAIZARE
S
-Aquaflex
sensor uses a
direct method
to measure
the
volumetric
Aquaflex is a
system for gauging
soil
moisture and
temperature
Aquaflex
humidity
sensors-
measure the
dielectric
constant in
2010 Master of Science
Thesis
Windows XP compatible;
not Vista

-Each sensor should be
installed in different
locations and therefore
The new
remotely
controlled
soil
moisture
sensor
Analysis of
Soil
Moisture
Data
water content
in the
ground as
well as the
temperaturea
quaflex
sensor uses a
direct method
to measure
the
volumetric
water content
in the
ground as
well as the
temperaturea
quaflex
sensor uses a
direct method
to measure
the
volumetric
water content
in the
ground as
well as the
temperature
-Microwave
sensors offer
a relatively
direct means
of assessing
soil moisture
since they
exploit, like
many in situ
observation
techniques,
the strong
relationship
between the
moisture
content and
dielectric
constant of
the soil
different soil
moisture with
Time Domain
Transmission
technique
and provide
us with
volumetric
water content
expressed in
percent
an analysis of the soil
type where the sensor
would be placed is
recommended to
guarantee the accuracy
of the measurements.
allowed a
fast and
easy data
access;
however
some
problems
were
experienc
ed with
Aquaflex
software
installatio
n in
Windows
Vista.
7. The Soil Rocco Soil Moisture Airborne Januar Journal IEEE The SMAP
Moisture
Active
Passive
Experiment
s
(SMAPEx):
Toward Soil
Moisture
Retrieval
From the
SMAP
Mission
Panciera,
Jeffrey P.
Walker,
Thomas J.
Jackson,
Fellow,
IEEE,
Douglas A.
Gray,
Mihai A.
Tanase,
Dongryeol
Ryu,
Alessandr
a
Monerris,
Heath
Yardley,
Christoph
Rdiger,
Member,
IEEE,
Xiaoling
Wu, Ying
Gao, and
Jrg M.
Hacker
Active Passive
(SMAP)
satellite-will
provide
measurement
s
of near-
surface soil
moisture (05
cm depth)
and land
freeze/
thaw
condition
over a 1000
km swath
with a global
revisit
of 23 days.



observations were
supported
by continuous
monitoring of near-
surface (05 cm)
soil
moisture along
with intensive
ground monitoring
of soil moisture,
soil temperature,
vegetation biomass
and structure, and
surface
roughness







y 2014 measurem
ents are
expected
to make
significant
contributi
ons to
weather
and
climate
forecastin
g
skills
including
the
prediction
of
extreme
hydrologic
al events
such as
droughts
and
floods,
thus
impacting
on
agricultur
al
productivi
ty and
human
health
8. Utilization
of
Vegetation
Indices to
Improve
Microwave
Soil
Moisture
Estimates
Over
Agricultural
Lands
SIDNEY W.
THEIS,
BRUCE J.
BLANCHA
RD,
AND
RICHARD
W.
NEWTON
-Effective
estimation
of soil
moisture in
the presence
of vegetation
can be made
with {.-band
microwave
radiometers
and
visible/infrare
d sensors

Nov
1984
Journal IEEE -These techniques be
verified on an
independent
aircraft data set (if a
suitable one exists)
and, more importantly,
that controlled
experiments with truck-
mounted systems
be performed t o verify
and refine these
techniques.
-the
absence
of
frequent
visible /
infrared
data may
not be a
severe
limitation
to this
technique
when
visible/infr
ared
biomass
estimates
are
combined
with
frequent
microwav
e sensor
d a t a to
make
estimates
of soil
moisture.
9. Baseline
Irrigation
Solution by
Baseline
Inc.
-Use TDT
(time domain
transmission)
technology to
provide
sensors that
are so much
more
sensitive
(which means
they are
highly
responsive to
changes in
moisture
levels) than
previously
available
sensors
-Sensitive to
small changes
in moisture
content

2011 MAGAZINE -Work by
sending a
high
frequency
pulse of
electricity
down an
embedde
d wire
path. The
high
frequency
of the
pulse
causes the
sphere of
influence
of the
pulse to
move
outside
the sensor
blade and
into the
soil
around it.
When the
pulse
travels
through
moisture,
it slows
down. The
sensor
measures
the speed,
and then
converts
this
measurem
ent to a
moisture
content
reading.
10. Web Based
Service to
Monitor
Automatic
Irrigation
System for
the
Agriculture
Field
Using
Sensors
M.Usha
Rani,
S.Kamales
h
-Sensors
works
by estimating
the amount
of water in
soil based on
dielectric
constant or
the ability of
soil to
transmit
electricity.
When this
dielectric
constant is
high
then the soil
water content
will also be
high
-Grove
moisture
sensor
is responsible
to retrieve
the amount
of moisture
content
available in
the soil.
Journal -System will be
enhanced to monitor a
large scale area.

-The
communic
ation will
be
establishe
d using
the
Zigbee
protocol
and the
control
will be
sent
based
on the
moisture
level of
the soil
using
Arduino
microcont
roller
-water
flow
sensor is
used. It is
used to
monitor
how much
flow a
particular
irrigation
system is
using at
any
given
moment.
-When the
flow is
lower
than it
indicates
that the
valve that
is
supposed
to be
open
is closed.
In this
case the
controller
sounds an
alarm or it
will shut
off the
water to
prevent
the
damages
caused
due to
leak.
11. Wireless
Sensor
Network for
Soil
Moisture
Application
s
A. Cano
and E.
Lopez-
Baeza
J. L.
Anon
and C.
Reig
C. Millan-
Scheiding
- position as
well as
number of
sensors will
be
conditioned
by both the
soil type and
use. As a
trade off,
we decided to
install 12
sensing
stations, with
the following
distribution: 5
sensors into
vineyard
lands (V1, V2,
V3, V4
- Acquisition of the
ambient
temperature,
through a digital
integrated
thermometer
(DS1631).
2007 Journal microcont
roller
based
architectu
re has
been
proved to
be
powerful
enough
for
monitorin
g complex
wireless
sensor
networks
PIC16F876
(Microchi
p)

TOPIC : Soil Moisture Sensor/ Moisture Monitoring

y V5), 3
sensors in
fruit trees
fields (T1, T2,
T3) and 4
sensors
over shrubs
zones (M1,
M2, M3, M4)
- ThetaProbe
ML2x
(Delta-T
Devices)-
capacitive
probe, and it
estimates
volumetric
humidity
from
dielectric
constant
measurement
s.
- the data
storage
we have
utilized a
512 kbit
I2C
controlled
external
EEPROM
Ref
.
No.
Title Author Soil Moisture
Sensor
Temperature
Sensor
pH Level Fertilizer Humidity
Sensor
Year Type of Source
(Journal-
UG,MS,PHD,
Web, Boook,
etc.)
Recommendation Others