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Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to do the following:
Physically connect an HP-UX machine to an existing LAN
!on"gu#e a host name using set_parms o# $A%
!on"gu#e an &P add#ess using set_parms o# $A%
!on"gu#e a default #oute using set_parms o# $A%
!on"gu#e a host as a 'N$ client using set_parms o# $A%
!on"gu#e a host as an N&$ client using set_parms o# $A%
(est connecti)ity with ping and nslookup o# $A%
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
211. SLID! Setting an I" #ddress and Subnet Mask
Student Notes
$%at Is an I" address&
*ach machine on a local a#ea netwo#+ ,LAN-, whethe# it is a lase# p#inte#,
wo#+station, o# se#)e#, is assigned a uni.ue &nte#net p#otocol ,&P- add#ess *)e#y
pac+et of data sent ac#oss the netwo#+ contains a destination &P add#ess which
dete#mines the #ecipient of that pac+et of data, and the #oute ta+en to #each
that destination
An &P add#ess consists of fou# dot ,- sepa#ated intege#s in the #ange /-011
I" #ddress 'a()les
201342056
2165347
0202265
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$etting an &P Add#ess and $ubnet %as+
208220 208226 208225
&P add#esses
9 Assigned to each netwo#+ node
: %ust be uni.ue
: 'e"ne )ia $A% o# set;pa#ms
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
<ou# netwo#+ administ#ato# o# &$P should assign you an &P add#ess, o# multiple &P
add#esses if you ha)e multiple LAN inte#face ca#ds in you# machine
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
$%at Is a Subnet Mask&
%any companies these days ha)e la#ge netwo#+s that a#e di)ided into
=subnetwo#+s= 'i)iding a la#ge# netwo#+ into smalle# =subnets= can g#eatly
imp#o)e pe#fo#mance and #eliability on la#ge LANs &f you# company has a
subnetted netwo#+, you# netwo#+ manage# will assign you a =subnet mas+= (he
subnet mas+, in con>unction with you# &P add#ess, dete#mines which subnet you
a#e attached to, and you# uni.ue host add#ess on that subnet &n o#de# to
successfully communicate with othe# nodes on the LAN, you must de"ne the
subnet mas+ fo# you# machine
Subnet Mask 'a()les
011011//
011011011/
011011015/
Setting an I" #ddress and Subnet Mask wit% set*)ar(s
?hen you connect you# node to the LAN, you# &$P o# netwo#+ manage# will
assign you# host a uni.ue &P add#ess acco#ding to the add#ess scheme
implemented in you# shop <ou should also be gi)en a subnet mas+ ?hen you
boot you# system fo# the "#st time, the set_parms utility automatically p#ompts
fo# an &P add#ess and se)e#al othe# netwo#+ pa#amete#s <ou can explicitly #un
set_parms any time to change you# netwo#+ pa#amete#s by typing:
# set_parms initial
Setting an I" #ddress and Subnet Mask wit% S#M
$A% also p#o)ides an intuiti)e inte#face fo# setting o# changing you# &P add#ess
and subnet mas+:
# sam --> Networking & Communications
--> Network Interface Cards
(Select an interface card)
Actions --> Configure
$A% displays a list of you# system@s LAN ca#ds including the LAN ca#d type,
name, ha#dwa#e path, status, and &P add#ess (o change you# subnet mas+ o# &P
add#ess, select the inte#face ca#d to change, select Actions --A !on"gu#e, and
answe# the .uestions in the dialog box that follows
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
212. SLID! Setting a De+ault ,oute
Student Notes
$%at Is a De+ault ,oute&
?ithout any fu#the# con"gu#ation, HP-UX should be able to deli)e# data to any
node on you# local netwo#+ once you# &P add#ess and subnet mas+ ha)e been
set Howe)e#, if you wish to access nodes beyond you# local netwo#+, you#
machine must ha)e access to a router A #oute# is a de)ice that is able to #oute
data to othe# netwo#+s
<ou# netwo#+ manage# should p#o)ide you with the &P add#ess of a #oute# on you#
LAN <ou# host should pass all data destined to othe# netwo#+s th#ough the
default #oute# speci"ed by you# netwo#+ manage#
De-ning a De+ault ,oute
(he default #oute# add#ess may be set )ia eithe# set_parms o# $A% Note that
$A% uses the te#m default gateway inte#changeably with default router:
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
21-%
$etting a 'efault Boute
9 Hosts can locally deli)e# data to nodes on own LAN
9 Boute is #e.ui#ed to #oute data to othe# LANs
9 'e"ned )ia $A% o# set;pa#ms
208220 208226 208225
LAN
Boute#
208222
(he &nte#net:Cthe# Netwo#+s
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
# set_parms initial
# sam --> Networking & Communications
--> osts
--> !ocal osts "ile
Actions --> Configure #efault $atewa%
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Connectin to a !etwork
21.. SLID! Setting a S/ste( 0ostna(e
Student Notes
$%at Is a 0ostna(e&
$ince many use#s "nd it diDcult to #emembe# &P add#esses, most machines a#e
also assigned a =hostname= A hostname is simply a uni.ue alphanume#ic
=nic+name= assigned to each host on the netwo#+ Hostnames a#e assigned
based on any of the following:
the pu#pose of the node
the p#ima#y use# of the node
any othe# naming con)ention chosen by the netwo#+ manage#
Setting 1our S/ste( 0ostna(e
<ou# netwo#+ manage# will assign you a hostname, which must be de"ned on
you# machine using set_parms o# $A%:
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
21-&
$etting a $ystem Hostname
Hostnames
9 %nemonic name assigned to each node
9 !an be based on
: Pu#pose of node
: P#ima#y use#s of node
: Any othe# naming con)ention
9 'e"ned )ia set;pa#ms
208220
,mic+ie-
208226
,minnie-
208225
,donald-
LAN
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
# set_parms initial
# sam --> Networking & Communications
--> !an Interface Cards
Actions --> &odif% S%stem Name
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
212. SLID! ,esolving 0ostna(es to I" #ddresses
Student Notes
Although hostnames a#e mo#e memo#able than &P add#esses, a #oute# must +now
a pac+et@s &P add#ess to successfully deli)e# data to a destination Eo# this
#eason, if a use# o# application speci"es a pac+et@s destination as a hostname,
the system must t#anslate the destination hostname to a destination &P add#ess
(he#e a#e th#ee ways to #esol)e hostnames to &P add#esses on an HP-UX system:
)ia the /etc/hosts "le
)ia the 'omain Name $e#)ice ,'N$-
)ia the Netwo#+ &nfo#mation $e#)ice ,N&$-
?e will conside# each method in the pages that follow
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
21-(
Besol)ing Hostnames to &P Add#esses
9 *)e#y outgoing pac+et #e.ui#es an &P add#ess
9 (h#ee ways to #esol)e hostnames to &P add#esses
' /etc/hosts "le
: 'omain Name $e#)ice ,'N$-
: Netwo#+ &nfo#mation $e#)ice ,N&$-
telnet mickie
208220
ftp minnie
208226
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
213. SLID! Con-guring /etc/hosts
Student Notes
$%at Is t%e 4etc4%osts 5ile&
&f you need to communicate only with hosts on you# local netwo#+, you# netwo#+
manage# may #ecommend using the /etc/hosts "le to #esol)e hostnames to &P
add#esses (he /etc/hosts "le is a con"gu#ation "le maintained locally on each
host to #esol)e hostnames to &Ps
*ach line in the /etc/hosts "le contains an &P add#ess in the fa# left "eld,
followed by the hostname associated with that &P add#ess in the second "eld &n
the example on the slide, hostname donald #esol)es to &P add#ess 208225
Hostname minnie #esol)es to &P add#ess 208226
<ou may optionally de"ne one o# mo#e aliases fo# each &P add#ess, too An alias
is simply anothe# name by which an &P can be #efe#enced &n the example on the
slide, both mailsvr and mickie #esol)e to &P 208220
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!on"gu#ing /etc/hosts
9 %aps: &P add#esses hostnames
9 %aintained on each indi)idual host
9 Usually used to #esol)e hostnames on small LANs
9 'e"ne )ia $A% o# copy f#om anothe# host
$ample /etc/hosts:
208222 mic+ie mails)#
208220 minnie
208226 donald
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
*ach line in /etc/hosts can contain a comment p#eceded by a # sign as well
Con-guring /etc/hosts
(he /etc/hosts "le must be modi"ed anytime an &P add#ess o# hostname
changes Note that /etc/hosts is maintained locally on each host, so changes
must be p#opagated to all hosts if you wish to maintain consistency ac#oss all
machines on you# netwo#+
<ou can modify /etc/hosts se)e#al diFe#ent ways:
%odify the local hosts "le using $A%
%odify the local hosts "le di#ectly with )i
E(P an up-to-date /etc/hosts "le f#om anothe# host
(o get to the $A% inte#face fo# modifying you# hosts "le, select
# SA& --> Networking and Communications
--> osts
--> !ocal osts "ile
Actions --> Add(&odif%()emo*e
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
216. SLID! Con-guring a DNS Client
Student Notes
$%at Is DNS&
Although the /etc/hosts "le is ade.uate fo# hostname #esolution on small
netwo#+s, you# netwo#+ manage# will li+ely #ecommend using the 'omain Name
$e#)ice ,'N$- fo# name #esolution if you wish to access the outside &nte#net o#
othe# netwo#+s within you# company
&nstead of #efe#encing a locally sto#ed /etc/hosts "le that .uic+ly becomes
outdated, hosts using 'N$ send name #esolution #e.uests to a specially
con"gu#ed DNS name server <ou# netwo#+ manage# can p#o)ide the &P
add#esses of a 'N$ name se#)e# that you# host uses
&n addition to de"ning you# local name se#)e#@s add#ess, you need to de"ne you#
host's DNS domain (he slide shows hosts in two domains:
hp.com
acme.com
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!on"gu#ing a 'N$ !lient
9 Used to #esol)e hostnames on la#ge# netwo#+s
9 !lients #e.uest loo+ups f#om 'N$ se#)e#s
9 (o p#e)ent duplicate names, each host assigned to a GdomainH
9 %ust de"ne the following )ia $A% o# set;pa#ms
: <ou# 'N$ se#)e# add#ess
: <ou# 'N$ GdomainH name
'N$ name
se#)e#
w
w
w
acm
ecom
I
210568
w
w
w
h
pco
m
I
21
6
2
0
320
Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
*ach host on the &nte#net can be uni.uely identi"ed by the concatenation of the
host@s hostname and domain &f two hosts ha)e the same hostname, the domain
name appended to the end of the hostname dete#mines which host you wish to
#efe#ence
(he example on the slide shows two hosts with hostname www (he two a#e
diFe#entiated f#om one anothe# by the hp.com and acme.com domain names
appended afte# www
S)eci+/ing a DNS Na(eserver
!on"gu#ing you# host to use 'N$ is most easily accomplished )ia $A% Jo to:
# SA& --> #NS (+IN#)
--> #NS )esol*er
Actions --> Specif% Name Ser*ers
Up to th#ee 'N$ namese#)e#s may be de"ned &f one namese#)e# is una)ailable,
you# system will automatically t#y anothe# Use the name se#)e# &P add#esses
p#o)ided by you# netwo#+ manage#
S)eci+/ing a DNS Do(ain Searc% List
?hile in $A%, you should also de"ne you# 'N$ domain <ou may optionally list
up to ")e othe# 'N$ domains to sea#ch when #esol)ing hostnames 'e"ning
additional sea#ch domains sa)es you# use#s the t#ouble of typing long and
cumbe#some domain names
'a()le
?ithout a domain sea#ch list de"ned, use#s in the hp.com domain may need to
type:
# telnet corp,acme,com
Adding acme.com to the domain sea#ch list allows use#s to access
corp.acme.com by simply typing:
# telnet corp
$A% p#o)ides an intuiti)e inte#face fo# de"ning you# own domain and a domain
sea#ch list:
# SA& --> #NS (+IN#)
--> #NS )esol*er
Actions --> Set #efault #omain
http://education.hp.com H3064S B.00
2000 Hewlett-Packard Company
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Module 21
Connectin to a !etwork
217. SLID! Con-guring an NIS Client
Student Notes
UN&X hosts a#e con"gu#ed )ia a se#ies of con"gu#ation "les in the /etc di#ecto#y
(hese "les must be constantly updated Adding a new host on the netwo#+ may
#e.ui#e an additional line in e)e#y host@s /etc/hosts "le Adding a new use#
may #e.ui#e an additional ent#y in e)e#y host@s /etc/passwd "le &n la#ge
netwo#+ en)i#onments, maintaining these "les on multiple hosts becomes
tedious and time consuming
(he Netwo#+ &nfo#mation $e#)ice ,N&$- simpli"es con"gu#ation "le updates
signi"cantly &nstead of managing copies of the system con"gu#ation "les on
e)e#y host, N&$ ma+es it possible to manage /etc/passwd, /etc/hosts, and
othe# con"gu#ation "les f#om a single N&$ se#)e# N&$ clients, then, simply
fo#wa#d use# and host loo+up #e.uests to the N&$ se#)e# (hus, N&$ p#o)ides a
cent#al point of administ#ation fo# common con"gu#ation "les, and p#ese#)es
consistency of these con"gu#ation "les ac#oss all hosts on the netwo#+
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