CAN, COULD / BE ABLE TO

1. Can v be able to: ( hin ti hoc tng lai)

* Cch dng chung:
- ch mt vic g l kh d.
E.g: You can see the sea from our bedroom window.
- C kh nng lm mt vic g
E.g: Can you speak any foreign language?
Im afraid I cant come to your party next Friday.
- Be able to c th thay th c cho can, nhng can th thng gp hn.
E.g: Are you able to speak any foreign languages?
* Cch dng ring:
- can ch c hai th: can (hin ti) v could (qu kh) =>V vy i khi phi s dng be able to:
E.g: I cant sleep recently=> SAI v recently(gn y) l trng t ch thi gian ca th hin ti hon thnh, m
can khng c th ny. Sa NG: I havent been able to sleep recently
- Tom might not be able to come tomorrow. =>can khng c th nguyn mu
- can dng xin php hoc cho php
E.g: Can I go out? =>xin php
You can go. =>cho php
2. Could v be able to ( qu kh)
- Could l qu kh ca can.
- could c bit s dng vi nhng ng t sau: See (nhn), hear (nghe), smell (ngi), taste (nm), feel (cm
thy), remember (nh), understand (hiu)
E.g: When we went into the house, we could smell burning.
She spoke in a low voice but I could understand what she was saying.
- could ch ngi no c kh nng lm vic g :
E.g: When Tom was 16, he could run 100 meters in 11 seconds.
NHNG nu bn mun ni rng ngi ta ang tm cch xoay s lm mt vic g trong mt hon cnh c
bit hoc nguy cp V vic c kh nng xy ra th phi s dng was / were able to hoc managed
to (khng phi could)
E.g: The fire spread through the building very quickly everyone was able to escape.
They didnt want to come with us at first but in the end we were able to persuade them.
= They didn''t want to come to us at fisrt but we managed to persuade thm.
* so snh could v be able to
Linh was an excellent tennis player. She could beat anybody.
- But once she had a difficult game against Nam. Nam played very well but in the end Linh was able to beat
him. (= Linh managed to beat him in this particular game).
NHNG th ph nh couldnt li s dng trong mi trng hp:
E.g: My grandfather couldnt swim.
We tried hard but we couldnt persuade them to come with us.

TAG QUESTIONS
Cu hi ui gm c hai phn: cu ni (statement) v phn ui (tag)
statement, tag?
1. Quy tc chung:
- Cu ni v phn ui lun dng i nhau
cu ni khng nh, ui ph nh?
cu ni ph nh, ui khng nh?
Ex: The children are playing in the yard, arent they?
They cant swim, can they?
- Ch t ca cu ni l i t, ta lp li i t ny
Ex: She is a doctor, isnt she?
- Ch t l danh t, ta dng i t tng ng thay th
Ex: People speak English all over the world, dont they?
- i t bt nh nothing, everything: c thay bng it
Ex: Everything is ready, isnt it?
- Cc i t no one, nobody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody: c thay bng
they
Ex: Someone called me last night, didnt they?
- i t this / that c thay bng it; these / those c thay bng they
Ex:That is his car, isnt it?
These are your new shoes, arent they?
- There trong cu trc there + be c dng li phn ui
Ex: There arent any students in the classroom, are there?
- Cu ni c tr ng t (will / can / shall / should / is / are ): tr ng t c lp li phn ui
Ex: You will come early, wont you?
- Cu ni khng c tr ng t: tr ng t do / does / did c dng phn ui
Ex: It rained yesterday, didnt it?
She works in a restaurant, doesnt she?
- Cu ni c cha cc t ph nh th phn ui khng inh
Ex: He never comes late, does he?
Note: ng t trong phn ui ph nh th lun c vit dng rt gn.
2. Mt s trng hp c bit:
- Phn ui ca I AM l ARENT I
Ex: I am writing a letter, arent I?
- Phn ui ca Lets l SHALL WE
Ex: Lets go out tonight, shall we?
- Cu mnh lnh khng nh:
+ dng phn ui WONT YOU din t li mi
+ dng phn ui WILL / WOULD / CAN / CANT YOU din t li yu cu lch s
Ex: Have a piece of cake, wont you?
Close the door, will you?
- Cu mnh lnh ph nh: dng phn ui WILL YOU din t li yu cu lch s
Ex: Please dont smoke her, will you?
- Phn ui ca ought to l SHOULDNT
Ex: She ought to do exercise every morning, shouldnt she?