7.

TECHNIQUES FOR COMMUNICATING IN ORGANIZATIONS

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Classifications of communication:
downward
upward
horizontal
Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
UPWARD COMMUNICATION
Concerns:
problems and exceptions
suggestions for improvement
performance reports
grievances and disputes
financial and accounting
information
DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
Concerns:
implementation of goals, strategies
and objectives
job instructions and rationale
procedures and practices
performance feedback
indoctrination


HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION
Concerns:
interdepartmental coordination
intradepartmental problem solving
staff advice to the departments
Figure 6.4 Message Flow and Areas of Concern

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Downward Communication

refers to message flows from higher
levels of authority to lower levels


Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Downward Communication
Techniques used in downward communication:
Letters
Meeting
Telephones
Manuals
Handbooks
Newsletters

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Upward Communication

refers to messages from persons in
lower-level positions to persons in higher
positions



Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Techniques used in upward communication are :
formal grievance procedures
employee attitude and opinion surveys
suggestion systems
open-door policy
informal gripe sessions
task forces
exit interviews

Upward Communication
Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Horizontal Communication

refers to messages sent to individuals or
groups from another of the same
organizational level or position


Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Horizontal Communication
Techniques appropriate for horizontal communication
are :
memos
meetings
telephones
picnics
dinners
other social affairs

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
8. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Management Information System (MIS)
An organized method of providing past,
present, and projected information on internal
operations and external intelligence for use in
decision-making. (Boone and Kurtz )

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
Manufacturing
Finance
Engineering
MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
Marketing
Personnel
Reasearch &
Development
Figure 6.5 The MIS and Its Relation with the Different Departments of the Organization
Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.
The Purposes of MIS:

To provide a basis for the analysis of early warning signals that can
originate both externally and internally.
To automate routine clerical operations like payroll and inventory reports.
To assist managers in making routine decisions like scheduling orders,
assigning orders to machines, and reordering supplies.
To provide the information necessary for management to make strategic
or nonprogrammed decisions.

Sabelita, Nina Vanessa A.