Title: An assessment on the impact of Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program (4Ps) in Barangay

Gen. T. De Leon in the city of Valenzuela

Chapter 1
Introduction
Income poverty in the Philippines has generally declined since the early 1990s. From 33.1
percent of the population being poor in 1991, the share of poor Filipinos was brought down to
24.9 percent in 2003. In recent years, however, there was a reversal in this trend. Latest official
poverty estimates show that poverty has increased since 2003. In 2009, the share of the poor
population, or those who are unable to meet their basic food and non-food needs, was
estimated at 26.5 percent (NSCB, 2011). In addition to income poverty, human development
outcomes especially in education and health are lagging. Primary education is still far from
universal while maternal mortality and child malnutrition are among the highest in East Asia
and Pacific region (NEDA et al, 2010). This happened despite the historically high record of
economic growth in 2000 until 2010, which averaged 4.7 percent annually versus 2.4 percent of
the two decades before. This suggests that, on aggregate, the poor have not benefited from
growth.- Philippine Social Protection Note: Welfare and Distributional Impacts of The Pantawid
Pamilyang Pilipino Program.
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or 4Ps (formerly Ahon Pamilyang Pilipino) is a conditional
cash transfer program of the Philippine government under the Department of Social Welfare
and Development. It aims to eradicate extreme poverty in the Philippines by investing in health
and education particularly in ages 014. It is patterned on programs in other developing
countries like Brazil (Oportunidades) and Mexico (Bolsa Famlia). The 4Ps program now
operates in 17 regions, 79 provinces and 1,261 municipalities and 138 key cities covering
3,014,586 household beneficiaries.

The government developed the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (Pantawid Pamilya) that
has now become its flagship social assistance program to help the poor. The Pantawid Pamilya
is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programthat provides short-term income support to the
poor to help them meet their immediate needs while enhancing theirhuman capital to
overcome future poverty. It provides cash to eligible households if they agree and comply with
theprograms conditions. This new approach to addressing poverty was adopted by the
Philippine government followingthe success of CCTs in Latin America. The Pantawid Pamilya
was launched in February 2008 with the first 330,000household beneficiaries (Set 1) and then
scaled up in 2009 to cover another 320,000 households (Set 2). By April
2011, the program has grown to about 1.9 million household beneficiaries and is slated for
further expansion by the end of 2011 and 2012.
To become eligible for the PantawidPamilya, a household needs to satisfy a uniform set of
criteria, which include
(i) residing in program areas of the Pantawid Pamilya,
(ii) being identified as poor based on a proxy means test (PMT), and
(iii) Having a pregnant woman or having at least one child below 15 years old at the time
of enrolment into the program.
-Philippine Social Protection Note: Welfare and Distributional Impacts of the Pantawid Pamilyang
Pilipino Program.

The 4Ps is a good innovation the government the Philippine government made. The 4Ps intends to
create and give a quality life to the beneficiaries. Reducing a rate of poverty is the number one goal.
Assessing the project by means of knowing the economic status of the beneficiary respondents before
project was made and some improvements on the economic status after the program was
implemented.
The researchers are curious about how was the impact of the said program to the economic status of
the beneficiaries if there is an uplifting effect or not.

Statement of the Problem
The projects aim to improve the health, nutrition and education including the financial assistance of the
beneficiaries. But, does this project create an impact to the socio-economic status of the beneficiaries?

In this study, the following questions aims to be address:
1. Are there any improvements on economic status of the beneficiaries?
2. Is the program effective to the respondents?
3. What is the rate of satisfactions of the participants to the projects?
4. What are some recommendations the respondents will give to improve the projects or
service?
Hypothesis
1. The beneficiaries can buy their basic needs unlike before the project is implemented
2. There is an improvement on life of the beneficiary in terms of health, nutrition and
education.

Definition of Terms
Poverty- is general scarcity or dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of
material possessions or money. It is the inability of getting choices and opportunities, a
violation of human dignity. It means lack of basic capacity to participate effectively in society.
Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) -programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare
programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. The government (or a charity) only transfers
the money to persons who meet certain criteria. These criteria may include enrolling children
into public schools, getting regular check-ups at the doctor's office, receivingvaccinations, or
the like. CCTs are unique in seeking to help the current generation in poverty, as well as
breaking the cycle of poverty for the next through the development of human capital.
Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program (4Ps) - is aconditional cash transfer program of
the Philippine government under the Department of Social Welfare and Development. It aims
to eradicate extreme poverty in the Philippines by investing in health and education particularly
in ages 014. It is patterned on programs in other developing countries like Brazil
(Oportunidades) and Mexico (BolsaFamlia).
Socio-economics - is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped
by social processes. In general it analyzes how societies progress, stagnate, orregress because
of their local or regional economy, or the global economy.
Beneficiaries - As used in the study, recipients of funds or other benefits. Citizens who receive government
assistance.

Significance of the study
The study conducted to give knowledge on the project that can be very useful for the following:
The Barangay Gen. T. De Leon- to be aware if there is any impact and improvements to the
beneficiaries and has knowledge to the economic status of its resident.
The Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela- to be knowledgeable to the fact findings conducted
by their students who conduct this study.
The Public Administration Students- to be knowledgeable about this study that may be useful
for their any subjects analyzing programs.
The Researcher- to get more ideas and information that they can be used to any other related
topics and studies.


Scope and delimitations of the study
Scope
The study will be conducted in Barangay Gen. T. De Leon in the city of Valenzuela because of
the most number of members residing.
The study is focused on the assessment of the 4Ps. The effect of the project to the beneficiaries
is the most important information to assess the project.
Delimitation
The study is limited only to 50 participants in different area in Gen. T. De Leon. Moreover, this
study only used limited explanatory variables found in survey questionnaires for beneficiaries.











Conceptual Framework
INPUT

FEEDBACK



PROCESS


OUTPUT













Government Goal:
Socio-economic Development
Health
Education
Financial
Implementation of 4Ps
IMPACT
Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Studies
We are ON-TRACK! (L-R) Ms. Junko Onishi of World Bank, Dr. MaharMangahas of SWS, DSWD
Secretary Corazon Soliman, Ms. Elaine Ward of AusAID and Mr. Chris Spohr of ADB during the
press briefing on the impact evaluation results of the PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program
(CCT).Attended by various sectors from the academe, media, civil society organizations, non-
government organizations, DSWD Secretary Corazon Soliman said that the impact evaluation
presents empirical evidence stating impressive results about the effectiveness of the
PantawidPamilyang on our poor Filipino households.
After two and a half years of implementation and more than a year of data collection and
analysis, the Impact Evaluation done by the World Bank, in collaboration with SWS, and
supported by the ADB, and AusAID, shows that the program is on track and is indeed achieving
its objectives of keeping children healthy and in school. The program is effective in creating
avenues for the poor to have improved quality of life,
"The challenge to the government is to sustain these improvements in the lives of the families
from the program. It is important that it reaches its target of 4.3 million poor households by
2016, and that household beneficiary stay in the program by continuing to comply with its
conditions. Toward this end, a coordinated approach is necessary where national government
agencies involved in poverty reduction coordinate their activities and interventions to maximize
government's investment in human capital. (Soliman pantawid.dswd.gov.ph)

Related Literature
Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs in Latin America are increasingly appealing to both
governments, which are anxious to do something effective butare facing difficult fiscal
constraints, and multilateraland bilateralcooperation agencies, which are anxious to rid
themselves of the stigma of cumber some bureaucracies whose work has had little impact upon
the poor. Unlike some other social programs, CCTs have shown effectiveness in reaching m any
oftheir objectives according to the results of rigorous process and impact evaluations. Yet,it
mightstillbe too early to judge their long-term impacton development.
The literature on CCT evaluations is rich:itnotes significant impacts upon schooling,health,
infant mortality,child labor, and poverty. Like other programs, CCTs have come to generate
expectations in areas w here they w ere notexplicitly intended to have impacts, although
perhaps such impacts should have been anticipated. One of these is the chronically high and
long-lasting inequality that plagues Latin America. (Osorio et al 2007)

According to the preliminary findings of the impact of Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program,
there is an improvement on the education of the children. The percentage of the children stay
in school with better chance to graduate from grade school is up by 10 percent points higher in
enrollment rate in pre-school, 5 percent points higher enrollment rete in elementary, 5 percent
points higher in regular attendance rate in elementary and high school.
In the study of Velarde and Fernadez on theWelfare and Distributional Impacts of The Pantawid
Pamilyang Pilipino Program, The Pantawid Pamilya has potentially significant impacts in
reducing current poverty. While the vision of the Pantawid Pamilya is to reduce structural
poverty by ensuring that the youth nurtured under the program become healthy, well-
educated, and productive members of the society, the program also has important short-run
benefits that are particularly important in addressing income volatility of poor beneficiaries as
highlighted in this Note.
Using available data in the NHTS-PR on Pantawid Pamilya program areas and beneficiaries, we
have shown that cash transfers associated with the program can reduce the incidence of
current poverty and food poverty among beneficiaries by 6.2 and 13.3 percentage points,
respectively. The program can also lead to reductions of 2.6 and 2.9percentage points in the
incidence and severity of poverty in program areas, respectively. Moreover, the program can
improve the distribution of income in program areas by reducing inequality by 6.6 percent.
These results relied heavily on the ability of the Pantawid Pamilya to target the poor and the
income effects of the cash grants that poor beneficiaries received based on their compliance to
program conditions.




On the other study, by TutorEvaluating the Impact of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program on
Consumption Pantawid Pamilya, is effective in increasing consumption among poorest
households. Results among total sample indicate that programs targeting issues are substantial
in driving differential impact between total and bottom 30% subsample.In addition to
influencing program impact, leakage problems entail huge inefficiency costs.
This Program truly helps those needy Filipino people, or this is the way of the government to
cover up there irresponsible doing? Many issues tells that this program is not good enough
implementing because of lacking of knowledge thats why many problems that they encounter
now. Also the agency appoint to this program is not ready to implement it. As what I saw on the
television a documentary report about this 4ps it stated there, that not all the poor Filipino
gives the chance to benefit this program those very far provinces. But why those people who
are in a good conditions of living had a chance to avail this benefit? It is unfair to those people
who need it so much.
Because of lack of knowledge thats why this thing is happened and also the government
agency who appoint to this program is not enough knowledge to implement it well. If this
Program implementing well, those needy people will be happy having this benefits because we
know they help this so much. (http://vecinamae.blogspot.com/)