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GUIDE

ON
INVESTMENT BANKING



ROYAL MALAYSIAN CUSTOMS
GOODS AND SERVICES TAX
GUIDE ON INVESTMENT BANKING
As at 13 March 2014
i
Copyright Reserved 2014 Royal Malaysian Customs Department
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1
General Operation of Goods and Services Tax (GST) ........................................... 1
OVERVIEW GENERAL OPERATIONS OF THE INDUSTRY................................. 1
GST TREATMENT ON INVESTMENT BANKS (IB) .................................................. 1
GST Treatment by Supply Types............................................................................ 1
GST TREATMENT ON INVESTMENT BANK ........................................................... 2
Corporate Finance .................................................................................................. 2
Debt capital markets ............................................................................................... 3
Equity Markets/Stock broking ................................................................................. 4
Derivatives and Structured Products ...................................................................... 4
Treasury ................................................................................................................. 4
Dealer or Futures Broker ........................................................................................ 5
Dealers Representatives or Futures Brokers Representatives.............................. 6
Fixed Input Tax Recovery (FITR)............................................................................ 7
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ....................................................................... 9
FEEDBACK OR COMMENTS ................................................................................. 19
FURTHER INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE ..................................................... 19

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INTRODUCTION
1. This Industry Guide is prepared to assist you in understanding the Goods and
Services Tax and its implications on banking services offered by Investment Banks
(IBs).
General Operation of Goods and Services Tax (GST)
2. The GST which is also known as Value Added Tax in other countries is a tax
on final consumption of goods and services. Unlike the present sales tax system
which is a single stage tax, the GST is a multi stage tax. Payment of tax is made in
stages by the intermediaries in the production and distribution process. Although the
tax will be paid throughout the production and distribution chain, it is ultimately
passed to the final consumer. Therefore, the tax itself is not a cost to the
intermediaries and does not appear as an expense item in their financial statements.
3. A person who is registered under the GST is required to charge GST on his
output of taxable supply of goods or services made to his customers. He is allowed
to claim as credit on any GST incurred on his purchases which are inputs to his
business. His customer, if he is also in a business of making taxable supply of goods
or services, in turn is allowed to claim a credit on GST paid on his input. Thus,
double taxation will be avoided and only the value added at each stage is taxed.
OVERVIEW GENERAL OPERATIONS OF THE INDUSTRY
4. In Malaysia, investment bank is responsible as a financial intermediary that
performs a variety of services, primarily in raising capital and security underwriting,
mergers and acquisitions, and sales and trading for both institutions and private
investors. Investment bank earns profit by charging fees and commissions for
providing these services and other kinds of financial and business advice. As a
result, most of the services supplied are standard rated.
GST TREATMENT ON INVESTMENT BANKS (IB)
GST Treatment by Supply Types
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5. IBs normally make three types of supplies namely, exempt supply, standard
rated supply and zero rated supply.
(a) Exempt supply
A supply is exempt if the consideration of the supply is generally in the
form of an interest or a spread. In normal practices, services rendered
by IBs such as accepting deposits from wholesale customers, trading of
money market instruments, and equity and debt capital market
instruments are treated as exempt supply.
(b) Standard Rated Supply
Although most of the financial services are treated as exempt supplies,
fee based services such as arranging, broking, underwriting, advising
or any other similar activities pertaining to the provision of the financial
services are treated as standard rated supplies.
(c) Zero Rated Supply
Services performed by IBs for customer outside Malaysia will be zero-
rated if at the time when the services are performed, he is outside
Malaysia. This is an export of services. Some examples of exported
financial services are:
(i) Any financial service in connection with land and goods situated
outside Malaysia
(ii) Any financial service provided to a foreigner (non-resident) and
he is not in Malaysia when the services are performed, and
(iii) Any financial service provided to a foreigner (non-resident) and
he is not trading Malaysian securities.
GST TREATMENT ON INVESTMENT BANK
Corporate Finance
6. Functions of corporate finance include:
(a) Takeover, merger, acquisitions and divestiture advisory
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IBs provide advisory services on strategising, planning and takeovers,
mergers, acquisitions, management buyouts and divestments; assist
public and private companies in raising fund in the capital market; and
act as intermediaries in underwriting stock and bond issues. The fees
charged for such services are treated as a standard rated supply.
(b) Underwriting and other services
(i) IBs are also financial intermediaries in securities offerings. They
verify financial data and business claims, facilitate pricing, and
perform due diligence. Most underwritings are firm commitment
underwritings in which investment banks purchase the securities
from the issuer and distribute them to the public. Such services
are standard rated supplies.
(ii) Besides the underwriting services, IBs offer other services which
are subject to GST at a standard rate. Examples of these
services are:
Advising and preparing companies for flotation on the stock
exchanges.
Identifying potential merger partners and take-over targets
for clients and advising on mergers and acquisitions and
take-over transactions.
Devising and executing strategies for capital raising activities
through placement of securities, secondary issues of
securities, special issues, convertible loans and other capital
market instruments.
Providing advice from corporate restructuring exercises to
restructure a companys gearing or business operations.
Offering independent evaluation of corporate transactions
and valuation of companies/business/securities and assets.
Debt capital markets
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7. IBs are also providing their corporate clients with the expertise in structuring
debt financing programs via debt securities instruments, whether conventional or
Islamic.
8. Some examples of services listed below are subject to GST at a standard
rate:
(a) Advising and arranging for the issuance of debt securities.
(b) Underwriting the issuance of debt securities.
(c) Subscribing the issuance of debt securities.
(d) Placement of debt securities.
(e) Agency role throughout the tenure of the debt securities.
Equity Markets/Stock broking
9. IBs assist companies in accessing the equity capital market for their financing
requirements. Services offered which are subject to GST at a standard rate include:
(a) Arranging, structuring and underwriting of an equity issuance.
(b) Placement of shares.
(c) Trading of shares.
(d) Advising on investment activities.
(e) Custody and nominee services.
Derivatives and Structured Products
10. Services offered to cater for derivatives and structured products which are
subject to GST at a standard rate are:
(a) Advising, originating and issuing of products/structures.
(b) Designing products/structures with modified risk-return profiles
Treasury
11. The following services offered by IBs are exempted from GST:
(a) Accepting deposits from wholesale customers (RM500,000 and above).
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(b) Trading of money market instruments.
(c) Trading of debt capital market instruments.
Figure 1: The process of Dealing and Trading of shares










Description:
1. Buyer instructs dealers representative to buy shares exempt supply
2. Dealers representative charges commission for buying the shares -
standard rate supply
3. Seller instructs dealers representative to sell shares exempt supply
4. Dealers representative charges commission for selling the shares -
standard rate supply
Dealer or Futures Broker
12. If a dealer (a stock broking company) or futures broker supplies a dealing
system which allows a user to insert bid and offer quotes for securities or
commodities and charge the services supplied, the supply is subject to GST at
standard rate.
13. Some dealers, futures brokers or related third parties may supply electronic
data services which provide subscribers with a message facility for an information

Dealers
Representative
e
Lead
member
BURSA
MALAYSIA
Seller
Lead
member
Buyer
1 2 3 4
Dealers
Representative
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service i.e. on share price movements or financial news supplies. The supply of
electronic data/information services are taxable supplies and subject to GST at a
standard rate. Besides that, a dealer or futures broker may provide investment and
portfolio management services, personal equity plan management services,
advisory, research and valuation services and custodial services. These services are
subject to GST at a standard rate.
Dealers Representatives or Futures Brokers Representatives
14. All dealers representatives are attached to some dealer while futures brokers
representatives are attached to the futures broker before they are allowed to trade in
Bursa Malaysia. For GST purposes, the dealer representatives and the dealer or
futures broker representatives and the futures broker are treated as a single entity.
This means that the dealer or futures broker must account GST on the brokerage
commission earned by the dealer representatives or futures broker representatives
even though the brokerage commission received by each dealer representative or
futures broker representative is below threshold. The dealer or futures broker is
required to charge and account for GST made on taxable supplies by him, dealers
representatives or futures brokers representatives and issue a tax invoice for the
taxable supply.
15. On the input side, the dealer or futures broker is entitled to claim input tax on
acquisition of goods and services used for making taxable supplies. This means that
the dealer or futures broker can claim GST incurred on his expenses such as office
rental, computer hardware and software, dealing system rental, electricity and
telecommunication services.
16. Besides that, the dealer representatives or futures broker representatives may
incur GST on their expenses such as telecommunication services. The dealer
representatives or futures broker representatives are required to pay the GST
incurred and pass on the tax invoices issued under their name to the dealer or
futures broker to claim the GST incurred as input tax credit on their behalf. Having
claimed the input tax credit, the dealer or future broker will then reimburse the
amount of GST paid by the dealer representatives or futures broker representatives.
The reimbursement is not subject to GST.
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17. For intra supplies between the dealer and dealer representatives or futures
broker and futures broker representatives such as dealing system rental and office
rental, these supplies are disregarded for GST purposes. This means that the dealer
or future broker is not required to charge GST on such supplies made to the dealer
representatives or futures broker representatives.
Fixed Input Tax Recovery (FITR)
18. Generally, a mixed supplier may claim input tax in the following manner:-
(a) Claim full input tax credit if the input is wholly attributable to a taxable
supply;
(b) Cannot claim input tax credit if the input is wholly attributable to an
exempt supply; or
(c) Apportion input tax by using the turnover method if the input (residual
input) cannot be wholly attributable to either taxable or exempt
supplies.
19. Supplies made by financial institutions e.g. the provision of loans or financing
is an exempt supply and input tax is not claimable. However, banks and other
financial institutions which provide loans or financing to businesses are allowed to
claim the GST incurred on their business input. Such claim is only applicable by
using Fixed Input Tax Recovery (FITR) method.
20. FITR is a method where a financial institution such as:
(a) commercial bank;
(b) investment bank;
(c) Islamic bank;
(d) development financial institutions and any other approved institution
established under any Act of Parliament or State Ordinance is entitled
to recover input tax based on a specific rate in percentage determined
by the Minister.
21. If a financial institution is allowed to recover input tax using the FITR method,
the amount of the input tax allowable is in accordance with the following formula:
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A x B
where: A is the total input tax incurred in the taxable period
and B is the fixed rate.
22. The total input tax incurred in the taxable period includes:
(a) input tax in relation to exempt supplies i.e. loans provided to
businesses and individuals;
(b) input tax in relation to standard rated and zero rated supplies;
(c) input tax in relation to other exempt supplies e.g. investment activities.
23. For Islamic banks and other financial institutions making financial supplies in
accordance with the principles of Syariah, the input tax incurred on supplies relating
to Syariah financing is fully claimable.
Example 1
In January 2016, a GST registered investment bank incurs GST on the
following:
(a) input tax in relation to exempt supplies (provision of loans to
businesses) - RM36,000
(b) input tax in relation to standard rated supplies( fee based services) -
RM18,000
(c) input tax on investment activities - RM12,000
The bank is allowed to use the fixed input tax recovery method to claim GST
incurred on his business inputs at the assumed rate of 90% in the year 2016.
Input Tax Claimable = Input Tax incurred in the taxable period x FITR rate
= (RM36,000 + RM18,000+ RM12,000) x 90%
= RM59,400
Example 2
In the taxable period of January 2016, ABC islamic investment bank incurred
GST on the following:
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(a) input tax in relation to exempt supplies (provision of financing to
businesses in accordance with Syariah principles) - RM15,000
(b) input tax on standard rated supplies (fee based services ) - RM36,000
(c) input tax on investment activities - RM12,000
For the year 2016, the bank is allowed to use a fixed rate at 90% for the
purpose of claiming input tax.
Input Tax Claimable = Input Tax incurred in the taxable period x FITR rate
= (RM36,000 + RM12,000) x 90%
= RM43,200
For the taxable period of January 2016, the bank is allowed to claim input tax
amounting to:
RM43,200 + RM15,000 = RM58,200
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
GST Registration
Q1: Am I eligible for group registration?
A1: You are not eligible to register for group registration because as an
investment bank, you are making both taxable and exempt supplies. To be
registered as a group, you must make wholly taxable supplies.
Q2: Can I use the bank account number that appears in the monthly bank
statements as the GST registration number required on tax invoice?
A2: You are not allowed to use the banks account number as your GST
registration number on your tax invoice. You will be given a GST registration
number when you register your business.
Q3: I am a dealer representative. Am I required to be registered?
A3: You are not required to be registered. However, your stock broker will be
required to be registered if his taxable sales turnover exceeds the threshold
and he has to account the GST on your brokerage commission irrespective of
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whether the amount of your annual brokerage commission is above or below
the threshold limit.
Q4: If my dealer representative wants to quit from my stock broking
company and intends to join with another stock broking company, what
must I do? What do I have to do if a new dealer representative joins my
company?
A4: If your dealer representative wants to quit from your company, you must
inform the Customs Department on the withdrawal of the dealer
representative by filling the form GST-A. Similarly, you must inform the
Customs Department if a new dealer representative joins your company.
Structured Investment Product
Q5: I structure an investment product for my client. In the process, I also
supply advisory service for which the charge is embedded into the price
of the structured investment product. Do I have to charge GST on my
supplies?
A5: Since the provision of advisory services is part of the cost in the structuring of
the investment product, you are not required to apportion the advisory service.
GST is not chargeable to the structured product as it is exempt.
Securities Syndication
Q6: I enlist the support of other investment banks to sell securities, thus
forming a security syndicate. In addition to that, each member of my
syndicate have their own selling groups, consisting of other investment
bankers, dealers and brokers that sell to their own investors. How
should I account for the GST?
A6: As the originating bank, you are accountable for the GST on the fee based
services related to the syndication. Therefore, you should charge GST at a
standard rate on any fee based service which you make to your customer.
Briefly, the GST treatment can be illustrated in the following diagram:-

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Figure 2: Securities Syndication

















Explanation on GST treatment:
No. Transactions GST
1 Originating Investment Bank(s) charges
arranger fee to issuer for the syndication
service.
Standard Rate
2 Originating Investment Bank(s) sell
securities to Investment Bank(s) and
receive commission.
Sell securities - Exempt
Commission Standard
Rate
Issuer Issuer Issuer Issuer- -- - Corporation/ Government/ Corporation/ Government/ Corporation/ Government/ Corporation/ Government/ Agencies Agencies Agencies Agencies
Selling Groups Selling Groups Selling Groups Selling Groups
May consists of:
Investment Bankers
Dealers
Brokers
Investors Investors Investors Investors
N NN Notes otes otes otes: :: :
Syndication Syndication Syndication Syndication
1
2
3
5
4
6
7
Originating Investment Bank(s) Originating Investment Bank(s) Originating Investment Bank(s) Originating Investment Bank(s)
Investment Bank(s) Investment Bank(s) Investment Bank(s) Investment Bank(s)
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3 Originating Investment Bank(s) may sell
securities directly to investors and
receive commission.
Sell securities Exempt
Commission Standard
Rate
4 Investment bank(s) sell securities to
Selling Group (SGs); receive commission
from Originating Investment Bank(s) and
pays brokerage fee to (SGs).
Sell securities - Exempt
Brokerage and
Commission
Standard Rate
5 Originating Investment Bank(s) may sell
securities directly to Selling Groups
(SGs) and pay brokerage fee.
Sell securities - Exempt
Brokerage Standard
Rate
6 SGs sell securities directly to investors,
charges brokerage fee and receive
commission.
Sell securities - Exempt
Brokerage and
Commission
Standard Rate
7 Investment Bank(s) may sell securities
directly to investor and earn full
commission from Originating Investment
Bank(s)
Sell securities - Exempt
Commission Standard
Rate
Loan Syndication
Q7: I am the arranger of a syndicated loan. I provide the loan of RM100
million and receive an arranger fee of RM50,000. How do I charge GST?
A7: Since the provision of a loan is a provision of credit, it is an exempt supply.
However, you are required to account GST on RM50,000.00, since arranger
fee is taxable.
Example 3: Mixed Supply
Loan Amount: RM100 million
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Arranger Fee: RM 50,000.00
GST @ 6%: (RM50,000 x 6%) RM 3,000.00
Q8: I am the mandated arranger as well as the administrative agent of a
syndicated loan facility. The other participating banks roles in the
syndicates composition is shown in Table 1. What is the GST treatment
on the supply of these participating banks?
A8: The GST treatment is shown in the Table 1 below:-
Table 1: Example of a Syndicated Loan Structure
Participating
Banks Role
Services Fee/Income GST
Treatment
1. Mandated
Arranger (Lead
manager/
Administrative
agent)
1. Originate, structure
and syndicate the
transaction
1. Syndication
fee
Standard
rate
2. Provide portion of
the loan to the
syndicate.
2. Loan Exempt
3. Receives portion of
the interest on the
loan from
borrower.
3. Interest Exempt
2. Joint Manager/
Co-Manager
1. Member of the
syndicate receiving
a portion of the
syndications fee.
1. Syndication
fee
Standard
rate
2. Provide portion of
the loan to the
syndicate.
2. Loan Exempt
3. Receive interest on 3. Interest Exempt
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the loan.
3. Book Runner 1. Issues invitations to
participate in the
syndication,
disseminates
information to
banks and informs
the borrower about
the progress of the
syndication.
1. Book Runner
fee
Standard
rate
2. Provide portion of
the loan to the
syndicate.
2. Loan Exempt
3. Receive interest on
the loan.
3. Interest Exempt
4. Participants
only
1. Provide portion of
the loan to the
syndicate.
1. Loan Exempt
2. Receive interest on
the loan.
2. Interest Exempt
Q9: Sometimes an application fee on a non-syndicated loan may be termed
as acceptance fee or review fee and it is charged upon approval of
the loan. What is the GST treatment on this fee?
A9: Irrespective of the term you use for the fee, the application fee is subject to
GST at a standard rate.
Q10: I charged processing fee when a non-syndicated loan application is
approved. Is there GST on processing fee if the loan is declined?
A10: GST is chargeable at a standard rate even though the loan is declined.
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Corporate Financing
Q11: Debt assignment is the assignment of debt for a consideration. In this
assignment, the debt factor will charge service fee. What is the GST
treatment on the service fee?
A11: The service fee on the debt assignment is subject to GST at a standard rate.
Q12: Is there GST for late payment penalties?
A12: If you impose a penalty because your clients did not pay by the due date, the
penalty is not subject to GST.
Securities Services
Q13: Many securities transactions are effected by electronic means. Is the
supply through a dealing system that matches and sell deals subject to
GST?
A13: The trading of securities is an exempt supply. However, the rental of the
dealing system is a taxable supply and therefore is subject to GST at a
standard rate.
Initial Public Offering (IPO)
Q14: What is the GST treatment on fees paid in an IPO exercise?
A14: Fee based services relating to IPO exercise is standard rated even though
you may have progress billings. The GST is due when the billing is made or
payment received. This may include any kind of additional costs on report
preparation, administrative and maintenance on corporate governance.
Q15: My supply in an IPO exercise is basically related to the new securities of
a public company in which I am also the companys underwriter. What is
the GST treatment if I sell the new securities in large blocks to
institutional or retail buyers?
A15: The sale and purchase of securities to an institution is an exempt supply and
therefore it is not subject to GST. GST is not chargeable even though you
resell the securities to a retail purchaser. However, if there is any brokerage
fee or commission, it is subject to GST at a standard rate.
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Acquisition through Borrowings
Q16: A leveraged buyout is essentially a strategy involving the acquisition of
another company using borrowed money through bonds or loans in
order to meet the cost of the acquisition. Often, the assets of the
company being acquired will be used as collateral in addition to the
assets of the acquiring company. Is collateral subject to GST?
A16: Collateral is a form of security to ensure settlement of the loans. Hence, it is
not subject to GST.
Takeover
Q17: A friendly takeover occurs with the consent of the management of the
target company and consists of a straight buyout of the company. In this
kind of takeover, the shareholders either receive cash or an agreed-upon
number of shares of the acquiring companys shares. What is the GST
treatment?
A17: Cash payment and shares buyout is not subject to GST.
Stock Lending
Q18: I lend shares to another entity (borrower) for it to complete some shares
transaction. The borrower will return the same number of shares to me
at a later agreed date. In this transaction I charged the borrower some
fees. Is the fee subject to GST?
A18: The fee you charged the borrower is subject to GST at a standard rate.
However, the lending of shares is not subject to GST.
Q19: Where stocks are loaned, the borrower has the legal title of the shares
and received the dividend until these shares are returned. What is the
GST treatment on the dividend received by the borrower?
A19: The dividend received is not subject to GST.
Swaps
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Q20: When is the tax point in an interest rate swaps i.e. when the banks and
other financial institutions exchange fixed interest rate on their debts?
A20: An interest rate swap is an exempt supply. Therefore, the issue of tax point
does not arise.
Q21: Is the GST treatment on interest rate swaps similar to currency swaps?
A21: The GST treatment will be similar since currency swap is also an exempt
supply.
Preparatory Services
Q22: I provide preparatory services to my nominee companies. What is the
GST treatment on these preparatory services?
A22: Preparatory services such as preparing and filling of documents in a rights
issue are subject to GST at a standard rate.
Stock broking
Q23: My client is a Singaporean. He trades shares on Bursa Malaysia. Do I
charge GST on brokerage commission?
A23: You are required to charge GST on the brokerage commission even though
your client is not a Malaysian.
Q24: I purchase 10 lots of shares from Hong Kong stock market through my
stock broking company in Johor and I have been charged commission
twice for the services rendered that is, commission charged by the stock
broking company and their parent company in Kuala Lumpur. Do I have
to pay GST on the commissions charged for such purpose?
A24: Your payment for both commissions will not be charged GST because it is
zero-rated.
Q25: I intend to buy 20 lots of a foreign-listed companys call warrants which
are also listed at Bursa Malaysia. Do I have to pay GST on commission
for such dealing?
A25: You have to pay GST on the commission charged.
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Input tax recovery
Q26: Can an IB claim input tax incurred in respect of medical and
hospitalization benefits of its employees?
A26: The bank is not entitled to claim the input tax incurred since medical and
hospitalization benefits for the employees are blocked.
Q27: Can an IB claim the input tax incurred in relation to entertainment to
existing clients?
A27: The bank may claim the input tax incurred since entertainment to existing
clients is not blocked.
Q28: As a dealers representative or futures brokers representative, I incur
GST on telecommunication services when I call my clients through my
mobile phone. Can my lead member claim the GST incurred on my
behalf?
A28: Your lead member cannot claim the GST incurred on telephone service made
by you when you call your clients through your mobile telephone. However,
GST paid on your fixed line telephone which is registered under your name is
allowed to be claimed as your input tax credit (ITC).
Q29: As a dealers representative or futures brokers representative, I
sometimes incur parking charges on the car which I use to meet up with
my clients. Can the stockbroking company claim the GST incurred on
my behalf?
A29: Your stockbroking company can claim the GST incurred provided that parking
charges incurred is related to the meeting with your client.
Q30: As an investment bank, I sometimes provide margin financing to my
clients besides charging brokerage commission. How do I claim the GST
incurred on my expenses?
A30: As margin financing is an exempt supply, you are required to apportion and
claim the GST incurred on making taxable supplies.
Bad Debts
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Q31: After paying upfront the value of a share transaction which includes the
share price, commission, stamp duty and GST on commission to my
lead member eight months earlier, as a dealers representative I still
have not received any payment from my client. My lead member then
proceeded to treat the unpaid dues as bad debts. Can my lead member
claim the GST that I have paid on commission?
A31: Your lead member can claim GST in full provided that your lead member has
satisfied all of the requirements of bad debts relief. However, when your lead
member subsequently recovers the bad debts, the lead member shall pay the
GST recovered to the dealers representative.
Q32: After I have claimed the GST due to the unpaid account, one of my
clients pays me. Do I have to pay GST back to the government?
A32: You have to pay back the amount of GST which your client has paid to the
government.
FEEDBACK OR COMMENTS
24. Any feedback or comments will be greatly appreciated. Please email your
feedback or comments to either Mohd Hisham B. Mohd Nor
(m_hisham.nor@customs.gov.my) or Aminul Izmeer B. Mohd Sohaimi
(izmeer.msohaimi@customs.gov.my).
FURTHER INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE
25. Further information can be obtained from:
(a) GST Website: www.gst.customs.gov.my
(b) GST Hotline: 03-88822111
(c) Customs Call Centre:
Tel : 03-78067200/ 1-300-888-500
Fax : 03-78067599
E-mail : ccc@customs.gov.my

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