Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab

Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore

91
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF COMMON EMITTER
AMPLIFIER
Remarks (if any):
Signature
Assessment
Pre Lab Test (10 marks):
Performance (15 marks):
Viva voce (10 marks):
Total:
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
92
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF COMMON EMITTER AMPLIFIER
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the experiment is to design a common emitter amplifier. Also to plot the frequency
response of the amplifier with and without bypass capacitor. Compare the bandwidth of the amplifier with
and without feedback.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
BC107 Bipolar Junction Transistor
3MHz Function generator
(0-30V) Dual Regulated Power Supply
1k resistor, W
10 F, 15 F, 22 Capacitor
30MHz Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
Breadboard
COMPONENTS AND PURPOSE
S.No Components Purpose
1 BJT Amplification
2 Dual regulated power supply Device biasing
3 Function generator Provide input weak signal
4 Resistors Voltage divider biasing
5 Resistor Collector resistor
6 Resistor 680 Emitter resistor
7 Resistor 1k Load
8 Capacitors 10 F, 15 F Coupling
9 Capacitor 22 F Bypass
THEORY
RC coupled CE amplifier is widely used in audio frequency applications in radio and television
receivers.
Base current controls the collector current of a common emitter amplifier.
A small increase in base current results in a relatively large increase in collector current.
The resistors R
1
and R
2
are employed for the voltage divider bias of the transistor.
Voltage divider bias provides high dc bias stabilization independent of variations in
The input is coupled through coupling capacitor C
C1
to the base.
The purpose of the coupling capacitor is to couple the ac signal to the input of the amplifier and block
dc. It isolates the input signal source and the voltage divider circuit.
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
93
The output voltage is coupled from collector through the capacitor C
C2
.
Current series feedback is used in this circuit using emitter resistor R
E
.
The emitter resistor R
E
stabilizes the operating point against temperature variations.
The purpose of the bypass capacitor is to bypass signal currents to ground.
FURTHER READING
1.
2.
3.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
DESIGN
Output requirements: Mid-band voltage gain of the amplifier = 50.
Select transistor BC107
Details of BC107:
Type: NPN
Nominal ratings: V
CB
= 5 V, I
C
=2 mA, h
FE
=100 to 500
DC biasing conditions V
CC
=12 V, I
C
=2 mA
V
RC
=40% of V
CC
= 4.8 V
V
RE
=10% of V
CC
= 1.2 V
V
CE
=50% of V
CC
= 6 V
Design of R
C
V
RC
=I
C
x R
C
= 4.8 V => R
C
=2.4 k
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
94
Design of RE
V
RE
=I
E
x R
E
= 1.2 V => R
E
Design of voltage divider R
1
and R
2
I
B
=I
C
/h
FE
Assume current through R
1
=10 I
B
and that through R
2
=9 I
B
to avoid loading the potential divider network
R
1
and R
2
by the base current.
V
R2
=voltage across R
2
= V
BE
+ V
RE
= 0.7 + 1.2 = 1.9 V
Also VR
2
= 9I
B
R
2
= 1.9 V
Then R
2
= 1.9 / 9 x 20 x 10-6 = 10.6 k.
V
R1
=voltage across R
1
= V
CC
V
R2
= 12-1.9 V = 10.1 V
Also VR
1
=10I
B
R1 = 10 v
Then R
1
= 10/10 x 20 x 10-6 = 50 k. Select 47 k std.
Design of R
L
Assume R
L
Design of coupling capacitors C
C1
and C
C2
X
C1 in
= R
1 2
We get Rin=1.1 k. Then X
C1
So C
C1
X
C2 C2
C
C2
Design of bypass capacitors C
E
To bypass the lowest frequency (say 100 Hz), X
CE
should be equal to one-tenth or less than the
resistance R
E
.
X
CE E
/10
C
E
PRACTICE PROCEDURE
Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
The input sine wave signal with appropriate amplitude from the function generator is fed to the circuit.
The output is viewed in the CRO; the corresponding gain is calculated and compared with the
designed values.
The frequency of the input signal is varied and the output signal gain is tabulated for different
frequencies.
A Frequency vs Gain (dB) plot using semilog sheet is plotted and the bandwidth of the given amplifier
is calculated from the plot.
Repeat the above by removing the bypass capacitor.
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
95
MODEL GRAPH
POST LAB
1. Use SPICE to obtain a plot of the frequency response of the common emitter amplifier over the
frequency range from 1 Hz through 10kHz.
2. Use SPICE to obtain a plot of the frequency response of the two stage common emitter amplifier. Find
the midband voltage gain and the lower cut off frequency.
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
96
Exp. No: Date:
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF COMMON EMITTER AMPLIFIER
OBJECTIVE
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
97
DATA SHEET
Table1: Frequency response with bypass capacitor
Input voltage, Vs = mV
Input frequency
(Hz)
Output voltage, Vo
(volts)
Gain = Vo
Vs
20 log Gain
(Gain in dB)
10
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
50k
100k
200k
500k
1M
MODEL CALCULATION
Instructor _________________________ Date _______________
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
98
Table2: Frequency response without bypass capacitor
Input voltage, Vs = mV
Input frequency
(Hz)
Output voltage, Vo
(volts)
Gain = Vo
Vs
20 log Gain
(Gain in dB)
10
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
50k
100k
200k
500k
1M
MODEL CALCULATION
Instructor _________________________ Date _______________
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Electron Devices and Circuits Lab
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
99
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION