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033

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=
=
=
=
=
t
x
n
x

where
sample mean
hypothesized population mean
sample standard deviation
n sample size

x t
,n-1

= t
difference between the means of the two groups
standard error of the difference between the means

= =
sum of squares between groups
degrees of freedom between groups
SS between
DF between
MS between

= =
sum of squares within groups
degrees of freedom within groups
SS within
DF within
MS within

= =
estimated population variance between groups
estimated population variance within groups
MS between
MS within
F

= =
sum of squares for the factor
degrees of freedom for the factor
SS
DF
MS
factor
factor
factor

= =
sum of squares for the interaction
degrees of freedom for the interaction
SS
DF
MS
inter
inter
inter

= =
error sum of squares
error degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
error
error
error

= =
M S
M S
F
mean square for the factor
mean square of the error
error
factor
factor

= =
MS
F
mean square for the interaction
mean square of the error MS
inter
error
inter

= t
mean difference of the subjects before after
standard error of the mean difference

= =
sum of squares between groups
degrees of freedom between groups
SS
DF
MS
between
between
between

= =
sum of squares within groups
degrees of freedom with in groups
SS
DF
MS
within
within
within

= =
estimated population variance between groups
estimated population variance within groups
MS
MS
F
between
within

= =
sum of squares for the factor
degrees of freedom for the factor
SS
DF
MS
factor
factor
factor

= =
sum of squares for the interaction
degrees of freedom for the interaction
SS
DF
MS
inter
inter
inter

= =
error sum of squares
error degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
error
error
error

= =
mean square for the factor
error mean square for the factor
MS
MS
F
factor
factor
factor

= =
mean square for the interaction
error mean square for the interaction
MS
MS
F
inter
inter
inter

=
difference of the sample proportions
standard error of the sample proportions
z

=
observed expected numbers percell
expected numbers percell
( )
2
2

=
observed expected numbers per cell
expected numbers per cell
( )
2
2

= RR
Probability of event in treatment group
Probability of event in control group

= OR
Odds of event in treatment group
Odds of event in control group

= t
regression coefficient
standard error of regression coefficient

= b
s
s
x
y
1 1

= =
sum of squares due to regression
regression degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
reg
reg
reg

= =
residual sum of squares
residual degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
res
res
res

= =
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression line
MS
MS
F
reg
res

+ k
n
1

= b
s
s
i i
x
y
b

+ k
n
1

+ k
n
2( 1)

= b
s
s
i i
x
y

= t
regression coefficient
standard error of regression coefficient

= =
sum of squares due to regression
regression degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
reg
reg
reg

= =
residual sum of squares
residual degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
res
res
res

= =
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression curve
MS
MS
F overall
reg
res

= =
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression line
MS
MS
F
reg
res

+ k
n
( 1)

= =
+
+ + +
P y
e
( 1)
1
1
b b x b x b x ( ) ...
k k 0 1 1 2 2

= z
b
s
i
b
2
2
i

s
b
i

= = Odds
P
p 1

= e
G
1

e
b z
a
s
( )
2
i b
i
1

s
b
i

Z
1
2

+ k
n
( 1)

+ k
n
2( 1)

=
+
+ + + +
P
e
1
1
b b x b x b x ( ) ...
k k 0 1 1 2 2

= Logit P ln
P
P 1

+ y y
( ) ( ) ( )
2 ln 1 ln 1
i
n
i i i i

= z
b
s
i
b
2
i

s
b
i

= e
G
1

y
( ) 1
i i
i i

=
+ =
ln

for y
ln

for y
( )
2
1
1
0
2
1
1
i
i
i
i

+ k
n
( 1)

= b
s
s
i i
x
y
i

= =
residual sum of squares
residual degrees offreedom
SS
DF
MS
res
res
res

= =
incremental sum of squares
incremental degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
incr
incr
incr

=
incremental variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression curve
MS
MS
incr
res

=
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression curve
MS
MS
reg
res

= =
residual sum of squares
residual degrees offreedom
SS
DF
MS
res
res
res

=
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression curve
MS
MS
reg
res

= b
s
s
i i
x
y
i

+ k
n
( 1)

+ k
n
2( 1)

= b
s
s
i i
x
y

+ k
n
( 1)

+ k
n
2( 1)

= =
sum of squares due to regression
regression of degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
reg
reg
reg

= =
residual sum of squares
residual degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
reg
reg
res

= =
regression variation from the dependent variable mean
residual variation about the regression curve
MS
MS
F
reg
res
overall

= =
x
x x
x x
M S
MSresx x
F
regression variation
from the dependent
variable mean associated
with adding when
, ..., are already
in the equation
residual variation about the
regression containing , ...,
, ...,
j
j
x x x
i j
enter
1 1
1
,...,
j 1 2 1

+ k n
n
( )

= =
error sum of squares
error degrees of freedom
SS
DF
MS
error
error
error

= t
regression coefficient
standard error of regression coefficient

+
+
min
a b
a bx y
yk
b
xk
( )
,
2
2
k
k k
2
2

=
+
+
=
n
a bk y
b
( ) 1
2 k
x k
yk xk
2
2 2 2

O E E
( ) ( ) /
i i i
2

= + + + h t X X X h t exp b X b X b X ( ) ( ) , , , ( )
n n n 1 2 0 1 1 2 2

=
= + +
= + +
H t S t
H t X X H t b X b X
S t X X S t b X b X
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) log ( )
, , , ( )
, , , ( )
n n n
n n n
0 0
0 0
exp
0
0 0
exp
0

Index

Index

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Index

Index

Index

Index

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