Hydrogen

Semiconductors

1s 1

Group 1

Group 2

Li

Be

Lithium
6.94

Beryllium
9.012 182

[He]2s 1

11

3
Period
4

Sodium
22.989 769 28

Magnesium
24.3050

Group 17

1s 2

10

[He]2s 22p 1

13

Carbon
12.01 1

[He]2s 22p 2

14

Silicon
28.085

Phosphorus
30.973 762

[Ne]3s 23p 3

Sulfur
32.06

[Ne]3s 23p 4

Chlorine
35.45

[Ne]3s 23p 5

Argon
39.948

[Ne]3s 23p 6

33

34

35

36

Group 8

Group 9

Group 10

Group 11

Group 12

[Ne]3s 23p 1

[Ne]3s 23p 2

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Se

Br

Kr

Selenium
78.96

Bromine
79.904

Krypton
83.798

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 2

Arsenic
74.921 60
[Ar]3d 104s 24p 3

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 4

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 5

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 6

50

51

52

53

54

Tellurium
127.60

Iodine
126.904 47

Sc

Ti

Cr

Mn

Fe

Co

Ni

Cu

Zn

Ga

Ge

Scandium
44.955 912

[Ar]3d 14s 2

Titanium
47.867

Vanadium
50.9415

Chromium
51.9961

Manganese
54.938 045

Iron
55.845

Cobalt
58.933 195

[Ar]3d 24s 2

[Ar]3d 34s 2

[Ar]3d 54s 1

[Ar]3d 54s 2

[Ar]3d 64s 2

[Ar]3d 74s 2

Nickel
58.6934

Copper
63.546

Zinc
65.409

Gallium
69.723

Germanium
72.63

[Ar]3d 84s 2

[Ar]3d 104s 1

[Ar]3d 104s 2

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 1

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

[Kr]5s1

55

Zr

Zirconium
91.224

Nb

Niobium
92.906 38

[Kr]5s 2

[Kr]4d 15s 2

[Kr]4d 25s 2

[Kr]4d 45s1

56

57

72

73

Mo

Molybdenum
95.94

[Kr]4d 55s 1

74

Tc

Technetium
(98)

Ru

Ruthenium
101.07

[Kr]4d 65s1

[Kr]4d 75s 1

75

76

Rh

Rhodium
102.905 50

[Kr]4d 85s 1

77

Cs

Ba

La

Hf

Ta

Re

Os

Ir

Cesium
132.905 4519

Barium
137.327

Lanthanum
138.905 47

Hafnium
178.49

Tantalum
180.947 88

Tungsten
183.84

Rhenium
186.207

Osmium
190.23

Iridium
192.217

[Xe]6s1

87

[Xe]6s 2

88

[Xe]5d 16s 2

89

[Xe]4 f 14 5d 26s 2

104

[Xe]4f 145d 36s 2

105

[Xe]4f 145d 46s 2

106

[Xe]4f 145d 56s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 66s 2

107

108

Fr

Ra

Ac

Rf

Db

Sg

Bh

Francium
(223)

Radium
(226)

Actinium
(227)

Rutherfordium
(261)

Dubnium
(262)

Seaborgium
(266)

Bohrium
(264)

[Rn]7s 1

[Rn]7s 2

[Rn]6d 17s 2

The systematic names and symbols

for elements greater than 112 will
be used until the approval of trivial
names by IUPAC.

Elements whose average atomic masses appear bolded

and italicized are recognized by the International Union
of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to have several
stable isotopes. Thus, the average atomic mass for
each of these elements is officially expressed as a
range of values. A range of values expresses that the
average atomic mass of a sample of one of these
elements is not a constant in nature but varies
depending on the physical, chemical, and nuclear
history of the material in which the sample is found.
However, the values in this table are appropriate for
everyday calculations. A value given in parentheses is
not an average atomic mass but is the mass number of
that element's most stable or most common isotope.

[Rn]5 f 146d 27s 2

[Rn]5 f 146d 37s 2

[Rn]5f 146d 47s 2

[Rn]5 f 146d 57s 2

Hs
Hassium
(277)

[Rn]5f 146d 67s 2

Pd

Palladium
106.42

[Kr]4d 10

78

Pt

Ag

Silver
107.8682

[Kr]4d 105s 1

79

Au

[Xe]4f 145d 76s 2

Platinum
195.084

[Xe]4f 145d 96s 1

Gold
196.966 569

109

110

111

Mt
Meitnerium
(268)

[Rn]5 f 146d 77s 2

Ds

Darmstadtium
(271)

[Rn]5f 146d 97s 1

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 1

Rg

Roentgenium
(272)

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 1

Cd

Cadmium
112.411

[Kr]4d 105s 2

80

Hg

Mercury
200.59

In

Indium
114.818

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 1

81

Tl

Thallium
204.38

Sn

Tin
118.710

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 2

82

Pb

Lead
207.2

As

Sb

Antimony
121.760

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 3

83

Bi

Bismuth
208.980 40

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 1

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 2

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 3

112

113

114

115

Cn
Copernicium
(285)

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 2

18

Aluminum
26.981 5386

Group 7

[He]2s 22p 6

Ar

Group 6

Yttrium
88.905 85

17

Neon
20.1797

Cl

Group 5

Sr

16

[He]2s 22p 5

Ne

Group 4

Strontium
87.62

15

[He]2s 22p 4

Fluorine
18.998 4032

Group 3

38

[He]2s 22p 3

Oxygen
15.999

Si

[Ne]3s 2

[Ar]4s 2

Nitrogen
14.007

Al

Ca

Rb

Group 16

Calcium
40.078

Rubidium
85.4678

Group 15

37

Group 14

Boron
10.81

Nonmetals
Halogens
Noble gases
Other nonmetals

[Ne]3s 23p 1

Electron configuration

Group 13

Potassium
39.0983

[Ar]4s 1

Average atomic mass

12

Mg

19

Aluminum
26.981 5386

Name

[He]2s 2

Na
[Ne]3s1

Al

Symbol

He

Helium
4.002 602

Metals
Alkali metals
Alkaline-earth metals
Transition metals
Other metals

13

Atomic number

(also known as metalloids)

Key:

Hydrogen
1.008

Group 18

Te

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 4

84

Po

Polonium
(209)

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 4

116

Uut*

Uuq*

Uup*

Uuh*

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 1

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 2

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 3

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 4

Ununtrium
(284)

Ununquadium
(289)

Ununpentium
(288)

Ununhexium
(292)

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 5

85

At

Astatine
(210)

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 5

117

Xe

Xenon
131.293

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 6

86

Rn

Radon
(222)

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 6

118

Uus*

Uuo*

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 5

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 6

Ununseptium
(294)

Ununoctium
(294)

The discoveries of elements with atomic numbers 113118 have been reported but not fully confirmed.

58

Ce

59

Pr

60

Nd

61

Pm

62

Sm

63

Eu

64

Gd

65

Tb

66

Dy

67

Ho

68

Er

69

Tm

70

Yb

71

Lu

Cerium
140.116

Praseodymium
140.907 65

Neodymium
144.242

Promethium
(145)

Samarium
150.36

Europium
151.964

Gadolinium
157.25

Terbium
158.925 35

Dysprosium
162.500

Holmium
164.930 32

Erbium
167.259

Thulium
168.934 21

Ytterbium
173.04

Lutetium
174.967

[Xe]4f 76s 2

[Xe]4f 75d 16s 2

[Xe]4f 96s 2

[Xe]4f 106s 2

[Xe]4f 116s 2

[Xe]4f 126s 2

[Xe]4f 136s 2

[Xe]4f 146s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 16s 2

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

[Xe]4 f 15d 16s 2

[Xe]4 f 36s 2

[Xe]4 f 46s 2

[Xe]4f 56s 2

[Xe]4 f 66s 2

Th

Pa

Np

Pu

Am

Cm

Bk

Cf

Es

Fm

Md

No

Lr

Thorium
232.038 06

Protactinium
231.035 88

Uranium
238.028 91

Neptunium
(237)

Plutonium
(244)

Americium
(243)

Curium
(247)

Berkelium
(247)

Californium
(251)

Einsteinium
(252)

Fermium
(257)

Mendelevium
(258)

Nobelium
(259)

Lawrencium
(262)

[Rn]6d 27s 2

[Rn]5f 26d 17s 2

[Rn]5 f 36d 17s 2

[Rn]5 f 46d 17s 2

[Rn]5f 67s 2

[Rn]5f 77s 2

[Rn]5f 76d 17s 2

[Rn]5f 97s 2

[Rn]5f 107s 2

[Rn]5f 117s 2

[Rn]5f 127s 2

[Rn]5f 137s 2

[Rn]5f 147s 2

[Rn]5f 146d 17s 2