Apricus Tech Manual

Apricus Solar Hot Water Systems
Technical Manual
Version 2.0 - March 2014
www.apricus.com.au
AA8.2.1.7.1-Apricus-Technical-Manual-V2.0
Copyright 2014 Apricus Australia Pty Ltd Page 2 of 49
Apricus Solar Hot Water System - Technical Manual
Apr|cus 1echn|ca| Manua| 1ab|e of Contents
1. IN1kCDUC1ICN 4
!"! $%&'(%&) """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" *
!"+ ,-%.' """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" *
!"/ 0'&123%4%56 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" *
1.4 cernfconon"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 7
!"7 8%39'&:2%3: """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 7
2. WAkNINGS AND kLCAU1ICNS S
2.1 lnsto//er kequirements """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 7
2.2 Occuponono/ neo/th ond 5ofety """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 7
2.l Over Pressure ond 1emperoture Protecnon""""""""""""""" 7
!"#"$ &'())*'( +(,-('./*'( 0(12(3 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""4
!"#"! 5.26) &'())*'( 786/'81 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""4
2.4 woter uo/ity """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;
2.5 Leqione//o contro/ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;
2. weother ke/oted lssues ond 4cts of 6od """"""""""""""""""" ;
2.6.1 lteeze ltotecuoo """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""9
2.6.2 llqbtoloq ltotecuoo"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""9
!"9"# :.21 0()2)/.6;( """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""9
2.7 5toqnonon ond No-Lood condinons"""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;
2.7.1 lofotmouoo oo 5toqoouoo"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""9
!"<"! :=>'8?(6 @*21> A- """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""<
!"<"# B./(' @82126? +(,-('./*'() """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""<
3. INICkMA1ICN ICk LNDUSLk 8
l.1 now 5o/or neonnq works """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" <
J.1.1 lottoJocuoo """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
J.1.2 5ommet ooJ wlotet 5olot neouoq """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
J.1.J now tbe Aptlcos 5ystem wotks """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
l.2 now 8oosnnq works """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" <
J.2.1 8oosuoq xploloeJ"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
J.2.2 leqlooello 8octetlo - lmpottooce of 8oosuoq """"""""""""""""C
J.2.J lecttlc 8oosteJ 5ystems """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
J.2.4 Cos 8oosteJ 5ystems """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""C
l.l 5ystem Mointenonce & Precounons """""""""""""""""""""""""" =
J.J.1 5ystem Moloteoooce """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""D
J.J.2 Closs lloeJ 1ook ltecoouoos """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""D
l.4 nd-user 1roub/eshoonnq 6uide """""""""""""""""""""""""""" !>
4. kLINS1ALLA1ICN 11
4.1 5ystem 5e/ecnon """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !!
4.2 5ite lnspecnon """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !!
4.2.1 collectot locouoo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$$
4.2.2 Mooouoq ltome locouoo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$$
4.2.J 5totoqe 1ook locouoo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
4.l 1ronsport ond unpockinq """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !+
E"#"$ +'.6)-8'/ 83 78,-86(6/) """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
4.J.2 uopockloq of compooeots """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
4.4 component lnspecnon """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !+
4.4.1 vocooteJ 1obes & neot llpes """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
4.4.2 lomp 5touoo lospecuoo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
4.4.J Mooouoq ltome 5ystem """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$!
S. INS1ALLA1ICN 1S
5.1 Mounnnq lrome 5ystem """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !7
5.1.1 lostollouoo Notes """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$4
5.1.2 lostollouoo - Assembly ColJe """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$4
5.1.J lostollouoo - koof llxloq ColJe """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$9
5.1.4 1lo koof lostollouoo xomple. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$9
5.1.5 1lleJ koof lostollouoo xomple. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$9
5.1.6 AJjosuoq 1llt Mooot Aoqle. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.2 co//ector Monifo/d connecnon """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !?
5.2.1 5llvet 5olJetloq/8tozloq """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.2.2 comptessloo llmoqs """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
4"!"# &'()) +881)""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.l Pump 5tonon """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !?
5.J.1 lostollouoo ColJe """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.J.2 llow Metet 5emoqs """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.4 5o/or uigerenno/ contro//er """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !?
5.4.1 coottollet 5emoqs """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$<
5.4.2 1empetotote 5eosots """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$C
5.5 lnsu/onon """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !<
5. 5ystem li//inq ond 4ir Purqe """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !<
5.7 vocuoted 1ubes ond neot Pipes""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !<
5.7.1 lostollouoo Notes """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$C
5.7.2 lostollouoo ColJe """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$C
5.8 4uxi/iory 8oosnnq components """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !=
5.8.1 lecttlc 8oostet, 1betmostot ooJ lemeot 5etop """""""""$D
5.8.2 Cos 8oostet 5etop """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$D
6. CS1 INS1ALLA1ICN 19
;"! 8%112::2%3235 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !=
6.1.1 5ystem Opetouoo cbeck """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$D
9"$"! &F8/8 0(;8'>) """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$D
6.1.J lostollouoo kecotJ lotm """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$D
6.1.4 kebote lotms """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""$D
.2 Mointenonce """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" !=
6.2.1 uomoqeJ 1obes """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!G
6.2.J utololoq tbe 5ystem """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!G
6.2.4 Ovet ltessote ltotecuoo Moloteoooce """""""""""""""""""""""!G
9"!"4 5.?6()2*, H68>( 0(-1.;(,(6/ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!G
7. CUS1CM SS1LM DLSIGN GUIDLLINLS 21
7.1 lntroducnon """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +!
7.1.1 AssocloteJ wotk """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!$
7.2 co/cu/onnq Lood """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +!
7.2.1 colcolouoq wotet usoqe """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!$
7.2.2 colcolouoq oetqy kepoltemeots """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!$
?"/ ,6:@'1 ,2A235 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ++
7.J.1 collectot 5lze kepoltemeot """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!!
7.J.2 koof 5poce ooJ collectot 5boJloq """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!!
7.J.J 5totoqe 1ook 5lzloq """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!!
<"#"E &2-( 5./('2.1 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!!
?"* ,6:@'1 06.' """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +/
<"E"$ 718)(> 188-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.2 Opeo loop ot ultect llow """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.J utolobock """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.4 coostoot use, 7 uoys o week """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.5 coostoot use, 5 uoys o week """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.6 uolly leoks, 7 uoys o week """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#
7.4.7 coostoot use, wltb xteoJeJ letloJs of Noo-use """"""""!E
7.5 5ystem uesiqn ond confquronon """"""""""""""""""""""""""" +*
7.5.1 Moluple collectot coooecuoo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!E
<"4"! @.1.6;(> I18J """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!E
7.5.J Moluple 1ook llploq """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!4
7. uesiqn consideronons """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +7
7.6.1 5toqoouoo """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!4
7.6.2 xcesslve 5ystem ltessote ooJ 1empetotote coottol ""!9
7.6.J lteeze ltotecuoo """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!9
7.7 4ddinono/ components """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +?
7.7.1 1betmostouc Mlxloq volve """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!<
7.7.2 xpoosloo 1ook """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!<
7.7.4 AJjostoble ltessote keJocloq volve """"""""""""""""""""""""""""!C
8. ALNDIk 29
8.1 4pricus 5ystem 5chemoncs """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" +=
8.1.1 Aptlcos lecttlc 8oosteJ 5olot not wotet 5ystem """"""""!D
8.1.2 Aptlcos Cos 8oosteJ 5olot not wotet 5ystem """""""""""""#G
8.2 condinono/ kequirements """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" /!
8.2.1 wloJ looJloq cooJluoos """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""#$
8.2.2 lostollouoo cooJluoos """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""#!
8.l Mounnnq lrome cernfconon """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" /*
8.4 5ecnon 40 - cernfcote of comp/ionce """"""""""""""""""""" /7
8.5 Mounnnq lrome confquronons """"""""""""""""""""""""""""" /?
8.5.1 10 1obe llosb Mooot """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""#<
8.5.2 10 1obe 1llt Mooot """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""#C
8.5.J 20/22 1obe llosb Mooot """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""#D
8.5.4 20/22 1obe 1llt Mooot """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""EG
8.5.5 J0 1obe llosb Mooot """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""E$
8.5.6 J0 1obe 1llt Mooot """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""E!
8. 4pricus component lnformonon """"""""""""""""""""""""""""" */
8.6.1 Closs lloeJ 5totoqe 1ook 5peclfcouoos"""""""""""""""""""""""E#
8.6.2 5tololess 5teel 5totoqe 1ook 5peclfcouoos """"""""""""""""""EE
8.6.J Aptlcos lomp 5touoo ulmeosloos """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""E4
C"9"E H-'2;*) K.) @88)/(' L2,(6)286) """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""E4
8.6.5 collectot 1ecbolcol 5peclfcouoos. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""E4
8.7 4pricus worronty lnformonon """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" *<
1. Introducnon
1.1 Ioreword
CongraLulauons on Laklng a ma[or sLep Lowards reduclng
your LoLal home energy usage and maklng a posluve
dlerence Lo Lhe envlronmenL we llve ln.
Aprlcus AusLralla ls a provlder of premlum solar hoL waLer
sysLems. 1hese sysLems use hlgh emclency evacuaLed
Lube collecLors Lo provlde free hoL waLer generaLed purely
by Lhe sun's energy.
1.2 Scope
1hls manual has been deslgned Lo caLer for Lhe needs of
Lhe end-user, lnsLaller and servlce agenL.
8efer Lo secuon '8.1 Aprlcus SysLem Schemaucs' for AS/
nZS2712:2007 approved sysLem deslgns. Any devlauon
from Lhese sysLem deslgns wlll nC1 be ellglble for
governmenL or sLaLe rebaLes.
CusLomlsed sysLem deslgns and larger commerclal
sysLems should be valldaLed and approved by a qualled
hydraullc englneer prlor Lo lnsLallauon ln collaborauon
wlLh Aprlcus.
1.3 1erm|no|ogy
1he Lermlnology used from reglon Lo reglon dlers and so
Lo avold confuslon please noLe Lhe followlng Lermlnology.
A-30: SLandard Slze solar Lhermal collecLor for
commerclal pro[ecLs conslsung of 30 Aprlcus evacuaLed
Lubes.
8ank (of co||ectors): 1wo Lo ve Aprlcus collecLors ln
serles.
8oost - 1he process where a heaung componenL (such
as an elecLrlc elemenL or gas heaLer) ls used Lo provlde
addluonal heaung when solar-heaLed waLer ls noL of
an adequaLe LemperaLure.
C|ean Lnergy kegu|ator (CLk) - A sLaLuLory auLhorlLy
esLabllshed Lo oversee Lhe lmplemenLauon of Lhe
Large-scale 8enewable Lnergy 1argeL (L8L1) and Lhe
Small-scale 8enewable Lnergy Scheme (S8LS).
C|osed |oop: ln a closed loop sysLem Lhe heaL Lransfer
uld ls pumped Lhrough Lhe collecLors and a heaL
exchanger ls used Lo Lransfer heaL from Lhe collecLor
loop Lo Lhe waLer ln Lhe Lank. Closed loop sysLems are
used ln areas where freezlng condluons are common
and Lhe Lransfer uld ln Lhe manlfold ls generally
glycol or an anufreeze uld. 1hese sysLems are
more expenslve Lo consLrucL and lnsLall, and requlre
malnLenance.
Co||ector - 1he Aprlcus solar collecLor ls Lhe manlfold
wlLh heaL plpes and evacuaLed Lubes lnserLed.
Dra|nback: uralnback sysLems use waLer as Lhe heaL
Lransfer uld ln Lhe collecLor loop. 1he waLer dralns
by gravlLy back Lo Lhe sLorage Lank or an auxlllary
(header) Lank when Lhe clrculauon pump sLops, Lhus
prevenung overheaung and freezlng. 1hls sysLem
provldes a hlgh level of proLecuon as lL does noL rely
on valves or conLrollers LhaL could fall under adverse
freezlng condluons. 1he dlsadvanLage of Lhe sysLem ls
LhaL lL requlres a pump wlLh a hlgh sLauc ll Lo ll Lhe
collecLor when Lhe sysLem sLarLs up, lL ls also lmporLanL
LhaL all plplng ls sloped, ensurlng LhaL Lhe collecLor ls
aL Lhe Lop and Lhe Lank aL Lhe bouom. u-bends are
sLrlcLly noL allowed.
Lxpans|on contro| va|ve (LCV) - lnsLalled on Lhe cold
malns llne Lo relleve excess pressure.
I|ow L|ne - lndlcaLes Lhe plumblng llne runnlng
from Lhe Lank (or heaL exchanger) Lo Lhe lnleL of Lhe
collecLor. 1hls llne lncorporaLes Lhe clrculauon pump.
neader - ls Lhe copper heaL exchanger" plpes ln Lhe
solar collecLor Lhrough whlch Lhe waLer ows.
neat |pe: A copper plpe LhaL slLs lnslde Lhe evacuaLed
Lube and ls lnserLed lnLo Lhe collecLor manlfold. A
small volume of llquld acLs as a heaL Lransfer uld. lL
absorbs heaL vla evaporauon, and Lransfers heaL Lo Lhe
sysLem uld vla condensauon.
Inso|anon - solar radlauon level, expressed ln kWh/
m
2
/day
Man|fo|d - 8efers Lo Lhe solar collecLor whlch conLalns
Lhe header Lhrough whlch poLable waLer ows.
Cpen Loop or D|rect I|ow: Cpen loop acuve sysLems
clrculaLe waLer dlrecLly from Lhe Lank, Lhrough Lhe
collecLors. 1hls deslgn ls emclenL and lowers operaung
cosLs, buL ls noL approprlaLe lf Lhe waLer supply ls
hard because calclum deposlLs qulckly bulld up ln Lhe
bouom header of Lhe collecLor. Cpen loop sysLems
have llmlLed freeze proLecuon, usually achleved
Lhrough conLroller funcuons, by runnlng Lhe pump
and forclng warm waLer from Lhe Lank Lo Lhe collecLor,
when Lhe collecLor LemperaLure approaches zero.
ressure L|m|nng Va|ve (LV): A valve lnsLalled on Lhe
cold waLer malns llne deslgned Lo llmlL sysLem pressure
Lo a seL deslgn pressure. A Lyplcal value ls 300 ka.
ressure temperature re||ef va|ve (1kV) - lnsLalled
on Lhe hoL waLer sLorage Lank Lo relleve pressure, and
excesslve LemperaLures.
keturn L|ne - lndlcaLes Lhe plumblng llne runnlng from
Lhe ouLleL of Lhe collecLor back Lo Lhe Lank.
Stranhcanon - Lhe passlve separauon of waLer lnLo
dlsuncL layers of dlerenL LemperaLures, where Lhe
LemperaLure aL Lhe Lop of Lhe Lank can be slgnlcanLly
hlgher Lhan Lhe LemperaLure aL Lhe bouom.
1.4 Cernhcanon
AS]N2S2712 - 1he AusLrallan SLandard for solar collecLors.
1esung Lo meeL Lhls lncludes reslsLance Lo glass breakage
and lmpacL reslsLance under cerLaln condluons lncludlng
hall, sLagnauon condluons, proLecuon agalnsL waLer
lngress and sLrucLural sLrengLh.
Aptlcos Aosttollo bos obtoloeJ A5/N25 2712.2002 cetufcouoo
tbtooqb Clobol Motk. 1be cetufcouoo oombet ls 1006JJ.
SkCC - 1he Solar 8aung and Cerucauon Corporauon
(S8CC) ls a noL for proL organlzauon LhaL assesses solar
collecLors. 1hls allows solar collecLors Lo be compared Lo
one anoLher on an lndependenL plauorm. 1here ls also a
slmllar program for solar waLer heaung sysLems.
5olot collectot - 5kcc OC-100 Nottb Ametlco
Aptlcos bos obtoloeJ 5kcc OC-100 fot tbe Al-10, 18, 20, 22 &
J0 tobe evocooteJ tobe solot collectots. cetufcouoo oombets.
100-200400JA/8/c/u. Aptlcos Nottb Ametlco bos obtoloeJ
5kcc OC-J00 fot o foll tooqe of systems.
I1W - Solar keymark ls Lhe mosL wldely recognlsed
Luropean sLandard for solar collecLors. 1he Lesung done
Lhrough Lhls sLandard ensures LhaL Lhe collecLors are
rellable ln boLh performance and quallLy.
Aptlcos bos obtoloeJ 5olot keymotk cetufcouoo fot lts Al-10,
20, 22 & J0 tobe evocooteJ tobe solot collectots.
AS]N2S3498 - Applles Lo Lhe hoL waLer sysLem. 8y
meeung Lhls sLandard, Lhe Lank, and Lhe enure sysLem
meeLs requlremenLs. MosL lmporLanLly ls Lhe WaLermark
cerucaLe meanlng LhaL all Lhe producLs LhaL Aprlcus
provldes ln a glven sysLem from collecLor Lhrough Lo valves
wlll meeL AusLrallan sLandard ln relauon Lo poLable waLer.
Aptlcos Aosttollo bos obtoloeJ A5/N25J498 fot oll tbe systems
ovolloble lo tbe ck teqlstet tbtooqb Clobol Motk. 1be
cetufcouoo oombet ls 40107.
1.S Convers|ons
- 1kWh = 3600k! = 860kcal
- 1 kcal wlll heaL 1 llLre of waLer by 1C
- 1 !/s = 1W = 0.860421kcal/hr
- 1kWh/m2/day = 3.6M!/m2/day
2. Warn|ngs and recaunons
2.1 Insta||er kequ|rements
lnsLallauon musL be compleLed by a llcensed plumber ln
accordance wlLh Lhe requlremenLs llsLed below, as well as
any relevanL local sLandards and regulauons.
AS/nZS 3300 - nauonal lumblng and uralnage Code.
AS/nZS 2712.2007 - Solar and PeaL ump WaLer
PeaLers: ueslgn and ConsLrucuon.
AS/nZS 4234.2008 - PeaLed WaLer SysLems -
Calculauon of Lnergy Consumpuon.
AS/nZS 3601.2004 - Cas lnsLallauons
2.2 Cccupanona| nea|th and Safety
1he lnsLaller musL adhere Lo occupauonal healLh and
safeLy guldellnes and oLher relevanL lndusLry assoclauons.
under no clrcumsLances should any lnsLaller auempL Lo
lnsLall an Aprlcus solar hoL waLer sysLem wlLhouL readlng
and undersLandlng Lhls lnsLallauon manual. lor any
querles Aprlcus sLa may be conLacLed on 1300 277 428.

2.3 Cver ressure and 1emperature rotec-
non
2.3.1 ressure 1emperature ke||ef
Any sysLem deslgn musL allow a means of pressure
release aL no more Lhan 830ka, uslng a 18v. 1he 18v
musL have a downward dlrecuon copper plpe connecLed
LhaL ls open Lo Lhe aLmosphere, runnlng Lhe expelled hoL
waLer or alr Lo a safe, frosL free and approprlaLe dralnage
locauon. lrom ume Lo ume Lhe 18v may dlscharge small
amounLs of waLer under normal operauons, Lhls can be
up Lo 10 of Lank capaclLy. lf Lhe Lank ls lnsLalled lndoors,
a safe-Lray musL be lnsLalled beneaLh Lhe hoL waLer Lank
Lo safely collecL any waLer expelled from Lhe 18v.
2.3.2 Ma|ns ressure Contro|
Where Lhe malns pressure supply can exceed or ucLuaLe
beyond Lhe pressure of 300ka, a pressure-llmlung
valve musL be ued Lo Lhe cold malns llne. 1he devlce ls
lnsLalled aer Lhe lsolauon valve (duo valve) and should
have a pressure llmlL of 300ka.
ln some sLaLes lL ls a mandaLory requlremenL LhaL an
expanslon conLrol valve be ued on Lhe cold malns llne
Lo provlde a form of pressure rellef. A separaLe draln llne
musL be run for Lhls rellef valve (as per AS/nZS 3300). lf
unsure please check wlLh Lhe local auLhorlLy.
2.4 Water ua||ty
WaLer quallLy ls an lmporLanL aspecL of sysLem llfeume.
lor Lhe sysLem Lo be warranLed, Lhe waLer used ln Lhe
sysLem musL meeL Lhe requlremenLs ouLllned ln 1able 1.
1oble 1. wotet Ooollty 1btesbolJ voloes
1oLal ulssolved Sollds < 600 mg/L or ppm
1oLal Pardness < 200 mg/L or ppm
LlecLrlcal ConducuvlLy 830 S/cm
Chlorlde < 230 mg/L or ppm
pP Level Mln 6.3 Lo Max. 8.3
Magneslum < 10 mg/L or ppm
Sodlum < 130 mg/L or ppm
lf ln doubL conLacL your local waLer auLhorlLy or have a
waLer LesL compleLed. ln areas of poor waLer quallLy all
ma[or componenLs wlll have a reduced llfe due Lo Lhe
harshness of Lhe waLer.
ln areas wlLh hard waLer" (>200 mg/L or ppm), lL ls
advlsed Lo lnsLall a waLer soenlng devlce Lo ensure Lhe
long Lerm emclenL operauon of Lhe sysLem ls meL. lL ls
also advlsable LhaL a glass-llned Lank ls used as opposed
Lo a sLalnless sLeel Lank, slnce Lhe glass-llned Lank has a
sacrlclal anode Lo proLecL from corroslon.
2.S Leg|one||a Contro|
Leglonella bacLerla can be found naLurally ln Lhe
envlronmenL and Lhrlves ln warm waLer and damp places.
lL can weaken Lhe body's lmmune sysLem, whlch can
lncrease Lhe chances of developlng Leglonnalres' dlsease.
1o ensure leglonella growLh ls lnhlblLed, Lhe boosung
reglme musL meeL Lhe guldellnes as shown ln secuon
3.2.2 1able 3. 1hls ls ln accordance wlLh 'AS3498.2009
AuLhorlsauon requlremenLs for plumblng producLs -
waLer heaLer and hoL-waLer sLorage Lanks'
lL ls Lherefore, very lmporLanL LhaL Lhe auxlllary boosung
sysLem remalns on. lL wlll only acuvaLe lf Lhe LemperaLure
falls below Lhe LemperaLures ouLllned ln secuon 3.2.2
1able 3.
2.6 Weather ke|ated Issues and Acts of God
2.6.1 Ireeze rotecnon
All Aprlcus sysLems have freeze proLecuon bullL ln. 1hls
ls provlded by Lhe conLroller whlch wlll clrculaLe waLer
Lhrough Lhe collecLor once Lhe LemperaLure falls below
4C. 1hls freeze proLecuon meLhod has passed lrosL
Level 2 proLecuon (down Lo -13C) ln llne wlLh AS/nZS
2712:2007.
WAkNING
lreeze proLecuon wlll noL operaLe lf Lhere ls no power
supply Lo Lhe conLroller or pump.
2.6.2 L|ghtn|ng rotecnon
AL lnsLallauon locauons LhaL are prone Lo llghLnlng
sLrlkes, lL ls advlsable Lo earLh/ground Lhe copper
clrculauon loop of Lhe collecLor Lo avold llghLnlng relaLed
damage, or elecLrlcal safeLy lssues. 8efer also Lo local
bulldlng codes regardlng llghLnlng safeLy and groundlng.
1he lncluslon of a resldual-currenL devlce (8Cu) ls hlghly
recommended for Lhese llghLnlng prone areas.
2.6.3 na|| kes|stance
1he boroslllcaLe glass evacuaLed Lubes have been LesLed
under Lhe AusLrallan SLandards requlremenL (AS/nZS
2712:2007 - Solar and heaL pump waLer heaLer - deslgn
and consLrucuon). 1he lmpacL reslsLance LesL resulLs
lndlcaLe LhaL Lhe evacuaLed Lubes are able Lo wlLhsLand
lmpacL from hallsLones up Lo 23mm/1" ln dlameLer aL 23
m/s.
ln Lhe unllkely clrcumsLance LhaL an evacuaLed Lube
should become broken lL can be easlly replaced. 1he
solar collecLor can sull funcuon properly wlLh one or
more broken Lubes, however lL wlll resulL ln a reduced
heaL ouLpuL from Lhe collecLor. A broken evacuaLed Lube
should be replaced by professlonal lnsLallers or servlce
agenLs only.
2.7 Stagnanon and No-Load Cond|nons
2.7.1 Informanon on Stagnanon
SLagnauon refers Lo Lhe condluon LhaL occurs when Lhe
pump sLops runnlng, due Lo pump fallure, power blackouL,
or as a resulL of Lhe hlgh Lank LemperaLure proLecuon
feaLure bullL lnLo Lhe conLroller, whlch Lurns Lhe pump o.

1he sysLem ls deslgned Lo allow sLagnauon Lo prevenL Lhe
Lank from overheaung. 1hls means LhaL Lhe collecLor and
plumblng ln close proxlmlLy may reach LemperaLures of
up Lo 170C, Lherefore componenLs LhaL may be exposed
Lo Lhe hlgh LemperaLures such as valves, plumblng or
lnsulauon, should be sulLably raLed.
1he sysLem deslgns llsLed ln Lhe 'CL8' 8eglsLer meeL
Lhe no-load sysLem requlremenLs deLalled ln AS/nZS
2712:2007. 1hls means LhaL Lhey wlll noL dump large
volumes of waLer from Lhe 18v and do noL requlre an
auLo alr-venL.
uurlng perlods of exLended sLagnauon, condensauon
pressure shocks can occur ln Lhe Lank. When Lhe Lank ls
Lopped ouL and suddenly a hoL waLer load ls drawn from
Lhe Lank Lhls can lead Lo rapld mlxlng of cold waLer and
superheaLed sLeam ln Lhe reLurn llne mlxlng. 1hls can
produce a gurgllng" nolse, as Lhe sLeam ls hypoLheslzed
Lo collapse on lLself upon rapldly coollng and condenslng.
1hls ls a normal occurrence ln any hoL waLer sLorage
sysLem and does noL aecL Lhe sysLem's operauon
2.7.2 nydrogen 8u||d Up
Class llned (vlLreous enamel) Lanks are ued wlLh a
Magneslum anode Lo provlde corroslon proLecuon for Lhe
Lank from Lhe sLorage waLer. Small quanuues of hydrogen
gas can be released by Lhe anode, whlch generally remalns
dlssolved ln Lhe waLer and ushed away as hoL waLer ls
used from Lhe Lank. uependlng on Lhe waLer quallLy Lhere
may be a degree of hydrogen bulld-up ln Lhe Lank lf Lhe
waLer heaLer hasn'L been used for Lwo or more weeks.
1o resolve Lhe bulld-up of hydrogen wlLhln Lhe Lank
purge" Lhe Lank for approxlmaLely 30 seconds from Lhe
lever on Lhe 18v.
2.7.3 Water 8o|||ng 1emperatures
1he bolllng polnL of waLer varles based on Lhe pressure
wlLhln Lhe hoL waLer sysLem. under sLagnauon and no
load condluons, Lhe solar collecLor has Lhe poLenual
Lo reach LemperaLures well above 100C. As Lhe waLer
LemperaLure rlses and waLer expands Lhls creaLes pressure
wlLhln Lhe sysLem. As Lhe LemperaLure rlses, so Loo does
Lhe bolllng polnL of waLer. 1hls ls why Lhe solar hoL waLer
sysLem (desplLe belng aL LemperaLures ln excess of 100C)
wlll noL boll and produce sLeam. 1able 2 lllusLraLes how
Lhe bolllng polnL lncreases wlLh pressure.
1oble 2. 1be kelouoosblp 8etweeo ltessote ooJ 8ollloq lolot
ressure (ka) 8olllng polnL (
!
C)
101 100
203 120
304 133
403 143
307 131
608 138
709 164
811 170
2.7.4 De|ayed Insta||anon or Use
1he manlfold and Lubes should noL be lnsLalled and
slmng dry (no uld) for more Lhan 14 days. rolonged dry
sLagnauon may vold Lhe warranLy as lL could aecL heaL
plpes or Lube longevlLy.
1he manlfold MuS1 nC1 be le wlLhouL Lubes and
lnsLalled on Lhe roof for any perlod of ume, parucularly
durlng perlods of ralnfall or snowfall. 1here ls a hlgh
probablllLy of waLer enLerlng Lhe manlfold and causlng
damage Lo Lhe glass wool lnsulauon.
lf Lhe lnsLallauon cannoL be compleLed fully and Lhe
sysLem musL be le dry for a perlod longer Lhan 14
days, Lhe collecLor musL be covered. 1he collecLor can
be covered wlLh a durable, waLerproof cover Lo prevenL
waLer lngress, or access Lo lnsecLs or blrds.
3. Informanon for Lnd-User
3.1 now So|ar neanng Works
3.1.1 Introducnon
Aprlcus sLrongly belleve ln lnformlng Lhe homeowner
abouL Lhe baslc operauon of Lhe solar waLer heaung
sysLem. 8y galnlng a baslc undersLandlng you can develop
reallsuc expecLauons abouL Lhe operauon of Lhe sysLem,
develop hablLs whlch maxlmlse energy savlngs and mosL
lmporLanLly, ensure safe and rellable operauon.
3.1.2 Summer and W|nter So|ar neanng
Solar radlauon ls only half or one Lhlrd as sLrong ln Lhe
wlnLer monLhs compared Lo summer, and Lherefore
noL able Lo provlde Lhe same amounL of hoL waLer as ln
summer. lor opumal performance of Lhe solar sysLem lL
ls recommended LhaL Lhe collecLors be angled (plLched)
aL no less Lhan 20 degrees. lor lncreased performance
durlng wlnLer lL ls recommended LhaL collecLors are
plLched aL lauLude plus 10-20 degrees, CorrecL ulung of
Lhe sysLem wlll provlde lncreased year round performance
and reduce energy cosLs furLher.
3.1.3 now the Apr|cus System Works
1he Aprlcus solar collecLor converLs Lhe sun's energy lnLo
heaL, qulLe dlerenL Lo phoLovolLalc (v) solar panels,
whlch converL Lhe sun's energy lnLo elecLrlclLy.
now the Apr|cus system works:
1. 1he evacuaLed Lubes absorb Lhe sun's energy and
converL lL Lo usable heaL.
2. 1he heaL lnslde Lhe evacuaLed Lube, ls carrled vla
copper heaL plpes Lo Lhe lnsulaLed manlfold, Lhls
conLalns a copper heaL exchanger.
3. An elecLronlc conLroller measures Lhe LemperaLure of
waLer ln Lhe manlfold and compares lL Lo Lhe waLer
ln Lhe bouom of Lhe sLorage Lank. lf Lhe manlfold
LemperaLure ls hlgher, Lhe conLroller swlLches on a
clrculauon pump whlch brlngs Lhe solar heaLed waLer
back down Lo Lhe sLorage Lank.
4. 1hroughouL Lhe day, Lhe conLroller swlLches Lhe pump
on and o Lo conunuously heaL waLer ln Lhe sLorage
Lank.
3. When Lhe maxlmum LemperaLure ln Lhe Lank ls
reached (83C), Lhe pump ls Lurned o and no more
waLer ls clrculaLed unul Lhe LemperaLure drops below
Lhls value.
3.2 now 8oosnng Works
3.2.1 8oosnng Lxp|a|ned
lf Lhe solar conLrlbuuon durlng Lhe day ls noL enough
Lo ralse Lhe waLer Lo a sulLable LemperaLure, an elecLrlc
or gas boosLer can provlde addluonal heaung. uurlng
sumclenL sunny weaLher, Lhe solar collecLor wlll normally
be able Lo provlde enough hoL waLer, buL durlng wlnLer
monLhs and overcasL days boosung may be requlred.
As a regulaLory requlremenL, all solar hoL waLer
lnsLallauons musL lnclude a Lemperlng valve whlch mlxes
Lhe hoL waLer comlng ouL of Lhe sLorage Lank wlLh cold
waLer Lo llmlL Lhe LemperaLure Lo 30C.
3.2.2 Leg|one||a 8acter|a - Importance of 8oosnng
lL ls a legal requlremenL LhaL waLer be heaLed on a
regular basls Lo klll Leglonella bacLerla LhaL can lead Lo
Leglonnalres dlsease. 1he frequency Lhls LemperaLure
musL be reached varles, and ls explalned ln 1able 3:
1oble J. Mlolmom neot kepoltemeots
1ype of Aprlcus SysLem
lnsLalled
Mlnlmum heaL
requlremenLs
8ouom elemenL elecLrlc
boosLed sysLem
Cnce per week Lo 60C for 32
mlnuLes
Mld elemenL elecLrlc boosLed
sysLem
Cnce per day Lo 60C
Cas boosLed sysLems
Mlnlmum 70C each ume
waLer ls used
3.2.3 L|ectr|c 8oosted Systems
lf Lhe sysLem ls elecLrlc boosLed, when Lhe elecLrlc elemenL
ls acuvaLed lL wlll heaL up all Lhe waLer above Lhe elemenL
Lo 60C (or Lhe LhermosLaL semng). 1hls heaung can Lake
as long as 3-4 hours lf Lhe Lank ls cold.
noLe: Aprlcus recommends LhaL Lhe elecLrlc boosLer ls le
on, or conLrolled by a sulLable umer.
3.2.4 Gas 8oosted Systems
uependlng on Lhe gas boosLer used, Lhe sLarL-up
LemperaLures vary. lor an Aprlcus gas boosLer, lf Lhe
lncomlng waLer LemperaLure ls less Lhan 33C, Lhe boosLer
wlll acuvaLe and heaL waLer Lo 70C. lf Lhe lncomlng waLer
ls greaLer Lhan 33C Lhe boosLer wlll noL sLarL and waLer
wlll ow dlrecLly Lo Lhe ouLleLs.
non Aprlcus boosLers are Lyplcally congured Lo heaL any
waLer below 70C Lo 70C. 8efer Lo Lhe lndlvldual boosLer
manual for more deLalled lnformauon on Lhese semngs.
3.3 System Ma|ntenance & recaunons
3.3.1 System Ma|ntenance
- Cleanlng - 1he Aprlcus Lubes do noL usually need
cleanlng, regular raln and wlnd should keep Lhe Lubes
clean.
- ressure & 1emperaLure 8ellef valve (18v) - 1he
18v ls locaLed near Lhe Lop of Lhe hoL waLer sLorage
Lank. lL ls deslgned Lo release pressure ln Lhe Lank as
waLer expands and conLracLs durlng normal heaung.

1he lever on Lhe 18v should be carefully lled for a few
seconds Lhen placed down, once every 6 monLhs. 1hls
wlll help prevenL any debrls or scale bulld up ln Lhe valve.
WAkNING
When Lhe 18v ls lled hoL waLer wlll be dlscharged.
Lnsure Lhe draln plpe from 18v ls clear.
- vlsual Check - Aprlcus recommend perlodlc vlsual
checks of your sysLem:
a. Check for leaks around Lhe sLorage Lank and plpe work
b. Lnsure Lhe pump sLauon ls dry and free from molsLure
c. lf Lhe Lubes are safely vlslble from ground
helghL, ensure all Lubes are sull dark ln colour.
(Note. lf tbe tobes ote o mllky/wblte coloot
tbe vocoom bos escopeJ ooJ tbe tobe wlll
oot be wotkloq os e[cleotly os lt sboolJ be)
WAkNING
lpe work can be exLremely hoL, do noL Louch any
exposed copper plplng.
3.3.2 G|ass L|ned 1ank recaunons
Class llned (vlLreous enamel) Lanks are ued wlLh a
magneslum anode Lo provlde corroslon proLecuon for
Lhe Lank from Lhe sLored waLer. Aprlcus recommend Lhe
anode be lnspecLed aL leasL every Lhree (3) years, and
servlced as requlred.
Small quanuues of hydrogen gas can be released by Lhe
anode whlch generally remalns dlssolved ln Lhe waLer.
1hls ls Lhen ushed away durlng normal use.
uependlng on Lhe waLer quallLy Lhere may be a degree of
hydrogen bulld up ln Lhe Lank lf Lhe waLer heaLer hasn'L
been used for Lwo or more weeks. 1o resolve Lhe bulld-
up of hydrogen wlLhln Lhe Lank purge" Lhe Lank for
approxlmaLely 30 seconds from Lhe lever on Lhe 18v.
3.4 Lnd-User 1roub|eshoonng Gu|de
1oble 4. 8oslc 1tooblesboouoq ColJe
rob|em Cause So|unon
ump Connnuous|y kunn|ng
Alr lock ln manlfold ConLacL Aprlcus AusLralla
lnsumclenL ow raLe lncrease pump speed
ump |s not c|rcu|anng even
dur|ng sunny weather
Maxlmum LemperaLure
reached ln Lhe Lank
1hls ls normal operauon, conLroller swlLches pump o once
maxlmum LemperaLure ls reached Lo prevenL over-heaung.
osslble sensor lssue ConLacL Aprlcus AusLralla
Why |s the pump runn|ng at
n|ght?
lreeze proLecuon
operaung
1hls ls normal, buL lf Lhe pump ls runnlng more Lhan once an hour,
addluonal lnsulauon on Lhe collecLor llne should be lnsLalled.
osslble faulLy non-reLurn
valve
ConLacL Aprlcus AusLralla
Why |s the contro||er L.L.D.
||ght ash|ng red?
osslble sensor lssue ConLacL Aprlcus AusLralla
Why |s the water not hot
enough?
LlecLrlc or gas boosLer ls
noL congured correcLly
Lnsure gas boosLer ls operauonal.
LlecLrlc boosLer should have Lhe LhermosLaL LemperaLure seL Lo aL
leasL 60C. 8oosLer musL be le on o-peak, or conLrolled by umer.
Pousehold hoL waLer
usage Loo hlgh
ConLacL Aprlcus AusLralla for advlce. 8emember an emclenL shower
head uses 9 llLres/mlnuLe. (10 mlnuLe shower = 90lLrs waLer)
1emperlng valve lnsLalled
A Lemperlng valve musL be lnsLalled on every solar hoL waLer
sysLem. 1emperlng valves wlll mlx waLer down Lo 30C
1emperlng valve may need replaclng or servlclng.
4. re-Insta||anon
4.1 System Se|ecnon
roper sysLem selecuon ls cruclal Lo ensure LhaL all Lhe
hoL waLer needs for Lhe home are belng meL. 1he sysLem
should be deslgned Lo meeL 90-100 of Lhe household
needs ln summer and 30-60 ln wlnLer.
A number of conslderauons need Lo be made lncludlng:
Lhe number of resldenLs ln Lhe house, Lhe ume of day
when mosL hoL waLer wlll be used, Lhe locauon of Lhe
cusLomer wlLhln AusLralla and Lhe resources avallable on
slLe.
Aprlcus AusLralla has deslgned lLs sysLems Lo meeL Lhe
opumal demand requlred ln mosL resldenual homes for
domesuc hoL waLer requlremenLs. llgures 1 & 2. Show
a slzlng gulde whlch can be used as a 8ule of 1humb"
for chooslng a sysLem LhaL besL meeLs Lhe needs of Lhe
household.
!"#$ &'()*+,
-./ 0*+' 1 2 3
/*45 &'()*+,
-./ 0*+' 6 2 7
160 litres
250 litres
315 litres
up to
up to
up to
400 litres up to
I2?*'( $" 7811(;/8' )2M26? ?*2>(
!"#$ &'()*+,
-./ 0*+' 1 2 3
/*45 &'()*+,
-./ 0*+' 6 2 7
160 litres
250 litres
315 litres
up to
up to
up to
400 litres up to
llqote 2. 1ook slzloq qolJe
4.2 S|te Inspecnon
4.2.1 Co||ector Locanon
1he locauon of Lhe solar collecLor ls cruclal Lo achlevlng
opumal sysLem performance. A number of facLors need
Lo be consldered when deLermlnlng Lhe placemenL of Lhe
collecLors on Lhe roof of a bulldlng. 1hese are deLalled
below:
- Solar collecLor vlclnlLy Lo Lank: 1he collecLor should be
posluoned as close as posslble Lo Lhe sLorage Lank Lo
avold long plpe runs and mlnlmlse heaL loss.
- CollecLor CrlenLauon wlLh respecL Lo Lhe sun: 1o
ensure opumal heaL ouLpuL Lhe collecLor should face
Lhe equaLor, whlch ln AusLralla and new Zealand
(SouLhern hemlsphere) ls due norLh. A devlauon of
up Lo 13 easL or wesL o due norLh ls accepLable, and
wlll have mlnlmal aecL on heaL ouLpuL.
- CollecLor lane: 8oLh sldes of Lhe manlfold can be used
lnLerchangeably as Lhe lnleL and ouLleL porLs. Powever,
lf Lhe manlfold ls noL level horlzonLally, Lhe hlgher slde
musL be used as Lhe ouLleL slnce hoL waLer rlses.
- CollecLor Angle: So LhaL Lhe collecLor achleves
maxlmum solar exposure, collecLors are Lo be lnsLalled
aL an angle of Lhe locauon's lauLude +/- 10. L.g. Sydney
ls aL 34 S lauLude, Lherefore Lhe opumal angle for
Lhe collecLor on Lhe roof would be 24-44 S. ln some
lnsLallauons lL may deslrable Lo achleve an lnsLall angle
of +10 lauLude as Lhls wlll opumlse wlnLer ouLpuL
slnce Lhe sun ls lower ln Lhe sky durlng WlnLer. 1hls
can also reduce sLagnauon eecLs ln summer from
over slzlng.
- Shadlng: CollecLors should be locaLed so LhaL shadlng
does noL occur for aL leasL 3 hours elLher slde of 12pm
noon local ume. arual shadlng due Lo small ob[ecLs
such as anLennas and small ues are noL of greaL
concern.
4.2.2 Mounnng Irame Locanon
rlor Lo lnsLallauon of Lhe mounung frame lL ls
essenual Lo carry ouL a slLe lnspecuon and ensure
LhaL Lhe slLe ls compllanL wlLh Lhe condluons
supulaLed ln secuon '8.2 - Condluonal 8equlremenLs'.
ln Lhe case where condluonal requlremenLs are noL meL,
a cerued sLrucLural englneer may also be consulLed
prlor Lo lnsLall Lo provlde professlonal deslgn work LhaL
wlll allow for Lhe slLe Lo accommodaLe Aprlcus cerued
mounung frame sysLems.
4.2.3 Storage 1ank Locanon
- 1he sLorage Lank should be locaLed as close as posslble
Lo Lhe mosL frequenL draw o polnLs ln Lhe bulldlng
such as Lhe baLhroom or klLchen. lf Lhe sLorage Lank ls
locaLed a long way from hoL waLer draw polnLs a hoL
waLer clrculauon loop on a umer may be consldered Lo
reduce Lhe ume-lag for waLer Lo heaL up and resulLanL
waLer wasLage.
- 1he Lank should noL obsLrucL any wlndows, doors
or exlLs and should cause mlnlmal lnLruslon Lo Lhe
exlsung slLe.
- lor glass-llned Lanks, conslder Lhe requlremenL of
anode removal and replacemenL malnLenance.
4.3 1ransport and Unpack|ng
4.3.1 1ransport of Components
- When Lransporung boxes, noLe Lhe orlenLauon of Lhe
1PlS WA? u" arrows.
- Lnsure all boxes are sLrapped and secured Lo prevenL
movemenL durlng LranslL.
- All Lanks musL be LransporLed uprlghL. SLacklng ls noL
recommended for any Lanks.
- roducLs should always be handled wlLh care. uamage
occurred durlng Lhe LransporLauon ls noL covered
under producL warranLy.
4.3.2 Unpack|ng of Components
- When unpacklng, Lake care Lo ensure LhaL Lhe
componenLs are noL damaged ln Lhe process.
- Avold uslng sharp blades or knlves as Lhls can scraLch
Lhe surfaces of Lhe producLs parucularly Lhe evacuaLed
Lubes and Lanks.
- lor evacuaLed Lubes and heaL plpes, Lear open boLh
ends of Lhe box(es) Lo allow lnspecuon of Lhe vacuum
aL Lhe bouom and for Lhe heaL plpes Lo be exposed for
Lhe appllcauon of heaL Lransfer pasLe.
4.4 Component Inspecnon
4.4.1 Lvacuated 1ubes & neat |pes
- Lnsure LhaL Lhe evacuaLed Lubes are all lnLacL, Lhe
bouom of each Lube should be sllver. lf a Lube has
a whlLe or clear bouom, lL has losL lLs vacuum and
should be replaced. ln Lhls case, Lhe heaL plpe should
be removed and lnserLed lnLo Lhe replacemenL Lube.
- 1he evacuaLed Lubes have rubber Lube caps on Lhe
end, Lhese are Lo proLecL Lhe bouom up of Lhe glass
Lube from belng broken.
- PeaL plpes are brlghL and shlny when newly
manufacLured, buL wlll dull and may form dark-grey
surface dlscolorauon over ume. 1hls ls due Lo mlld
surface oxldauon (when exposed Lo alr) and does noL
aecL Lhe heaL plpe's operauon.
- uo noL remove and/or expose Lhe Lubes Lo sunllghL
unul ready Lo lnsLall, oLherwlse Lhe heaL plpe up wlll
become very hoL, sumclenL Lo cause serlous skln burns.
noLe: 1he ouLer glass surface wlll noL become hoL.

WAkNING
nLvL8 Louch Lhe lnslde of Lhe evacuaLed Lube or heaL
plpe up aer exposure Lo sunllghL.
WLA8 Lhlck leaLher gloves lf handllng Lhe heaL plpe.
WLA8 safeLy glasses aL ALL umes when handllng Lhe
glass Lubes.
4.4.2 ump Stanon Inspecnon
Lvery domesuc solar hoL waLer sysLem supplled by Aprlcus
comes wlLh an Aprlcus ump SLauon klL. 1he Aprlcus ump
SLauon klL comes bundled wlLh Lhe essenual componenLs
requlred for lnsLallauon of a solar hoL waLer sysLem. 1he
klL comes pre-packaged and can easlly be connecLed Lo
plumblng.
ump sLauon componenLs lnclude:
- Check valve
- ump unlons
- llow meLer
- 1emperlng valve (solar raLed)
- Clrculauon pump
- ConLroller
- ump sLauon lld & base
4.4.3 Mounnng Irame System
Lnsure LhaL all necessary componenLs requlred for
lnsLallauon have been recelved ln Lhe packaglng. llgure 3
& 4 are dlagrammauc guldes showlng whaL ls lncluded ln
a Lyplcal mounung frame sysLem. 8efer Lo 8.2.2. Appendlx
1able 11, 12a & 12b for number of frame componenLs
requlred.
Apr|cus I|ush Mount
1hls dlagram shows our sLandard A-30 ush mounLed frame sulLable for use ln all wlnd reglons wlLh: 3 x 1racks and 3
x L-8rackeL packs.
llqote J. llosb-Mooot ltome ot 1800 mm spocloq wltb 5 ttocks.
1
2 4
3
1 8ouom 1rack
2 1rack
3 8oof 8all
4 L-8rackeL ack

Apr|cus 1||t Mount
1hls dlagram shows a Lyplcal cyclonlc wlnd reglon C frame wlLh: 3 x 1racks, 3 x L-8rackeL packs and 3 x 8ear Legs. MosL
reglons across AusLralla only requlre 3 x 8ear Legs.
llqote 4. 1llt-Mooot ltome ot 1800 mm spocloq wltb 5 ttocks.
1
2
6 S
3
4
1 8ouom 1rack
2 1rack
3 8oof 8all
4 L-8rackeL ack

3 x-8race pack
6 8ear Leg
S. Insta||anon
S.1 Mounnng Irame System
Aprlcus AusLralla's solar evacuaLed Lube mounung frame
sysLems are made of hlgh-grade exLruded anodlzed
alumlnlum frame 6003-13.
1here are four easy Lo lnsLall mounung opuons: ush
mounLed wlLh roof rall, ush mounLed wlLh roof sLraps,
low angle ulL 30 degrees and hlgh angle ulL 43 degrees.
Cur frames are sulLable Lo use ln wlnd reglons A, 8, C
and u, however Lhese are sub[ecL Lo a seL of condluonal
requlremenLs. under Lhls seL of condluonal requlremenLs
(see secuon 8.2 Condluonal 8equlremenLs) Lhese sysLems
are cerued Lo AusLrallan SLandard AS/nZS 1170.2:2011
SLrucLural ueslgn Acuons arL 2: Wlnd Acuons. See
secuon 8.3 Mounung lrame Cerucauon.
AL ume of publlcauon, Aprlcus has applled for norLhern
1errlLory ueemed Lo Comply sLaLus. We have done
exLenslve physlcal load Lesung for Lhls purpose and have
already obLalned a Secuon 40 - CerucaLe of Compllance
for our ush-mounLed frames. See secuon 8.4 Secuon 40
- CerucaLe of Compllance.
Check wlLh local bulldlng auLhorlLy Lo conrm wheLher or
noL Lhls sLandard ls a regulaLory requlremenL.
S.1.1 Insta||anon Notes
1he lnsLaller ls Lo provlde Lhe xlngs for Lhe frame Lo Lhe
roof, ensure Lhe xlngs are applled ln accordance wlLh
secuon 8.2 Condluonal 8equlremenLs and secuon 3.1.3
lnsLallauon - 8oof llxlng Culde. Poles can be easlly drllled
lnLo Lhe exLruded alumlnlum componenLs. 1hey are Lo be
no larger Lhan 10 mm and noL closer Lhan 30mm cenLre
Lo cenLre. 1lghLen frame bolLs wlLh spanners or shorL
shaed sockeL wrenches only. uC nC1 use power Lools
or long shaed Lools LhaL may over-Lorque Lhe bolLs (as
sLalnless sLeel bolLs are suscepuble Lo galllng/locklng).
8olL assemblles come wlLh sprlng washers Lo malnLaln
long-Lerm Lenslon.
S.1.2 Insta||anon - Assemb|y Gu|de
Aprlcus AusLralla's mounung frame sysLems come pre-
packaged Lo ensure Lhe mosL sLreamllned and slmple
assembly process. use Lhe followlng sLeps as a gulde Lo
assembly.
1. Lay Lhe rsL roof rall down horlzonLally (add L-brackeLs
lf uslng a 3 Lrack sysLem).
2. Auach all Lracks Lo Lhe L-brackeLs, nger ughLen all
nuLs and bolLs. Lnsure LhaL Lhe Lrack ls placed ln Lhe
rlghL locauon based on bauen/purlln spaclng.

I2?*'( 4" I1*)F ,8*6/ $4GG,, I2?*'( 9" I1*)F ,8*6/ $CGG,,

I2?*'( <" +21/ ,8*6/ $4GG,, 8' $CGG,,
3. Sllde Lhe bouom Lrack lnLo Lhe bouom auachmenL
plaLes and nger ughLen all nuLs and bolLs.
llqote 8. 8ouom ttock ooJ ouocbmeot plotes
ILUSn MCUN1 CNL
4. lor ush-mounL frames auach Lhe second roof rall.
Conunue onLo SLep 8.
I2?*'( D" I1*)F ,8*6/ $4GG,,
I2?*'( $G" I1*)F ,8*6/ $CGG,,
1IL1 MCUN1 CNL
3. lor ulL-mounL frames, lay down Lhe second bouom
Lrack, buL auach Lhe L-brackeLs Lo Lhe rear legs. llnger-
ughLen nuLs and bolLs.
llqote 11. keot leq coooecuoo
6. Auach x-braces Lo Lhe rear legs.
llqote 12. \-btoce coooecuoo
7. Auach Lrl-auachmenL plaLes Lo Lhe Lrack

I2?*'( $#" +21/ ,8*6/ $4GG,, I2?*'( $E" +21/ ,8*6/ $CGG,,
8. Sllde Lhe manlfold lnLo Lhe Lop auachmenL plaLes
llqote 15. MoolfolJ coooecuoo to ftome
9. uslng a spanner, ughLen all nuLs and bolLs used for
auachmenL.
S.1.3 Insta||anon - koof I|x|ng Gu|de
1o proceed wlLh auachlng Lhe mounung frame Lo Lhe
roof, follow all xlng rules as per secuon 8.2.2 lnsLallauon
Condluons (for cerucauon Lo apply). All xlngs should
be made equldlsLanL from Lhe fronL Lrack and rear
leg. 1hls wlll ensure LhaL Lhe wlnd loads are equally
dlsLrlbuLed across Lhe roof rall. Llne up Lhe roof ralls wlLh
bauens accordlngly. lor ulL-mounL sysLems Lhe bauen/
purlln spaclng can be lncreased where Lhe angle of Lhe
ulL decreases.
!"##$#%%
&##$#%%
&##$#%%
llqote 16. koof fxloq locouoos 1800mm
Lnsure all roof peneLrauons are waLer ughL. use Lhe
followlng examples as a gulde for lnsLallauon for dlerenL
roof Lypes:
S.1.4 1|n koof Insta||anon Lxamp|e:
lor corrugaLed/un roofs, place xlngs on Lhe peak of Lhe
roong sheeL maLerlal Lo mlnlmlze rlsk of leaks. llxlngs
are Lo be screwed lnLo Lhe bauen wlLh mlnlmum 33mm
embedmenL (for more deLalls see secuon 8.2.2 lnsLallauon
Condluons).
!"## !"##
llqote 17. J5mm embeJmeot loto tbe boueo/potllo jteot vlew]
S.1.S 1||ed koof Insta||anon Lxamp|e:
lor uled roofs (where drllllng ls undeslrable) use Aprlcus
roof sLraps Lo auach Lhe frame Lo Lhe bauens/purllns.
noLe: sysLems lnsLalled on uled roofs are noL cerued
under AS/nZS 1170.2. 8oof sLraps can also be auached Lo
roof ralls by drllllng Lhrough Lhem.
llqote 18. koof ouocbmeot sttop exomple
S.1.6 Ad[usnng 1||t Mount Ang|e:
When lnsLalllng ulL-mounL sysLems, Lhe mounung frame
can be modled Lo achleve a reduced ulL angle. 1hls
would be preferable where Lhe opumum ulL angle ls noL
achlevable for Lhe glven roof plLch and ulL leg.
1o reduce Lhe lnsLallauon angle of Lhe collecLors, Lhe
alumlnlum legs should be cuL Lo a deslred reduced lengLh
and a new hole should be drllled Lo allow for securlng. 8y
reduclng Lhe lengLh of Lhe alumlnlum ulL leg, Lhe frame
ls broughL closer Lo Lhe roof and Lhe ulL angle ls reduced.
noLe LhaL decreaslng Lhe ulL angle wlll consequenLly
decrease Lhe wlnd loadlng on Lhe sysLem and as such wlll
noL lmpacL Lhe sLrucLural lnLegrlLy of Lhe sysLem.
S.2 Co||ector Man|fo|d Connecnon
S.2.1 S||ver So|der|ng]8raz|ng
Solderlng may be used Lo connecL plplng Lo Lhe collecLor
header plpe. Cnly use poLable waLer grade brazlng
maLerlal. Care should be Laken Lo avold overheaung Lhe
copper plpe and exposlng Lhe manlfold caslng Lo an open
ame.
S.2.2 Compress|on I|mngs
Aprlcus collecLors come supplled wlLh 20mm are x
12mm Male lron (Ml) 90 Llbows.
S.2.3 ress 1oo|s
Seek manufacLurers advlce before uslng all press Lools.
ress Lools are noL sulLable for dlrecL manlfold connecuon,
or connecung muluple collecLors LogeLher.
S.3 ump Stanon
S.3.1 Insta||anon Gu|de
use Lhe followlng sLeps as a guldellne for Lhe lnsLallauon
of Lhe pump sLauon and connecuon Lo plplng:
1. 8emove Lhe conLenLs from Lhe box.
2. 8emove Lhe ump SLauon Cover from Lhe base plaLe.
3. osluon base plaLe on Lhe wall maklng sure Lhere ls a
clearance helghL of 1 Lo 1.3 meLres on Lhe verucal wall,
elLher slde of Lhe pump.
4. WlLh a splrlL level and pen mark screw holes on Lhe
wall for base plaLe.
3. urlll holes for green plugs.
6. lnserL Creen plugs lnLo Lhe drllled holes.
7. llx base plaLe Lo wall wlLh Lhe 4 screws and rubber
lsolaLors.
8. lumb ln ow llnes Lo Lhe clrculauon pump (wlLh a
ow meLer and check valve above Lhe pump).
S.3.2 I|ow Meter Semngs
AS 4234.2008 PeaLed WaLer SysLems - Calculauon of
energy consumpuon, Clause 3.7.2 - Low llow CrlLerla
supulaLes LhaL Lhe maxlmum ow raLe ls 0.73 L/mln/m2
of collecLor aperLure area. 1able 3 shows Lhe maxlmum
ow raLe semngs for Lhe varlous Aprlcus collecLors.
1oble 5. Moxlmom fow tote tepoltemeots
CollecLor Slze Maxlmum llow 8aLe (L/mln)
10 1ubes 0.7
20 1ubes 1
22 1ubes 1.3
30 1ubes 2
40 1ubes 2.3
44 1ubes 2.3
noLe: Lach Lube ls 0.094 m2 of aperLure area
S.4 So|ar D|erenna| Contro||er
S.4.1 Contro||er Semngs
1he Aprlcus conLroller comes wlLh LemperaLure sensors
and power leads already connecLed. lor mosL lnsLallauons
Lhere ls no need Lo alLer any of Lhe semngs.
1he conLroller has 3 sensor cables. 1he longesL cable ls for
Lhe roof sensor for Lhe solar collecLor.
1he conLroller comes pre-seL wlLh sulLable semngs for
mosL domesuc appllcauons:
- ump Cn = 8C (1emperaLure dlerenual beLween
Lank and roof sensors)
- ump C = 1C (1emperaLure dlerenual beLween
Lank and roof sensors)
- 1op ouL = 83C (Maxlmum Lank LemperaLure)
- lrosL roLecuon = 4C (LemperaLure for when pump ls
forced Lo cycle)
1he conLroller provldes a dlglLal dlsplay provldlng Lhe 3
sensor LemperaLures and also slgns when faulLs occur
wlLhln Lhe conLroller readlngs. 1o cycle Lhrough Lhe
LemperaLure dlsplay readlngs press Lhe nLx1 buuon, Lhe
currenL dlsplayed sensor ls lndlcaLed on Lhe dlsplay board
Lhrough a ashlng lcon. 8efer Lo conLroller manual for
deLalled lnformauon.
S.4.2 1emperature Sensors
Aprlcus solar raLed Lanks come wlLh Lwo LemperaLure
sensor porLs. 1he bouom porL connecLs Lo Lhe Sensor 2
(S2), Lhe mlddle porL connecLs Lo Lhe Sensor 3 (S3) sensor.
1he Lhlrd LemperaLure sensor porL ls locaLed on boLh
sldes of Lhe manlfold. Sensor 1 (S1) musL be connecLed Lo
Lhe ouLleL (Lhe hlgher slde).
use a Lhln layer of Lhermal pasLe when lnserung all sensors.
Lnsure lnsulauon covers Lhe openlng of Lhe collecLor
sensor porL Lo prevenL waLer lngress. Plgh LemperaLure
ouLdoor slllcon sealanL can be used Lo prevenL waLer
lngress Lo Lhe manlfold sensor porL.
lL ls hlghly recommended LhaL condulL be used Lo
encapsulaLe Lhe roof sensor and acL as anoLher proLecuve
layer as lL ls prone Lo physlcal damage by local fauna and
exLreme weaLher condluons. 1he sensor cable should
run along Lhe ouLslde of Lhe lnsulauon and secured every
20cm wlLh uv reslsLanL nylon cable ues.
S.S Insu|anon
- All lnsulauon needs Lo be solar-raLed. Any lnsulauon
exposed Lo sunllghL musL be uv sLablllsed.
- lnsulaLe all plpe runnlng Lo and from Lhe manlfold wlLh
lnsulauon of aL leasL 13mm Lhlckness, or 23mm ln cold
cllmaLes.
- Lnsure Lhe lnsulauon ls ughL agalnsL Lhe manlfold
caslng, Lhus mlnlmlslng loss of heaL from Lhe lnleL and
ouLleL.
- All lnLernal plplng as well as exLernal should be
lnsulaLed. 1hls lncludes aL leasL 1m from Lhe hoL
waLer ouLleL of Lhe Lank, as Lhls copper plpe can be a
slgnlcanL polnL of passlve heaL losses.
S.6 System I||||ng and A|r urge
Aer all Lhe plumblng connecuons Lo Lhe solar collecLor
have been made, Lhe solar hoL waLer sysLem needs Lo
be lled wlLh waLer and Lhe collecLor loop purged of alr.
1hls should be compleLed prlor Lo lnseruon of evacuaLed
Lubes and connecuon of Lhe Lank Lo Lhe hoL waLer load.
1o ll Lhe sysLem:
1. Cpen Lhe cold malns llne and ll up Lhe Lank.
2. 1urn Lhe pump dlal Lo speed 3 and connecL lL dlrecLly
Lo Lhe elecLrlclLy malns raLher Lhan Lhe conLroller.
3. Cpen up a draln on Lhe solar reLurn llne.
4. Where an alr-rellef valve has been lnsLalled, alr wlll be
auLomaucally released from Lhe collecLor loop. 1hls
should be shuL once Lhe llne ls lled.
3. lllllng ls compleLed once Lhere ls a consLanL sLream of
waLer exlung from Lhe solar reLurn llne draln.
6. 8econnecL Lhe pump Lo Lhe conLroller.
S.7 Lvacuated 1ubes and neat |pes
1he Aprlcus evacuaLed Lube solar collecLor ls a slmple
plug and play" sysLem. See secuon 4.3.2 unpacklng of
ComponenLs for deLalls regardlng Lhe unpacklng of Lhe
evacuaLed Lubes. use Lhe followlng secuon as a gulde Lo
lnsLalllng evacuaLed Lubes.
S.7.1 Insta||anon Notes
- 1he powder conLenL of Lhe heaL pasLe may have seuled
durlng frelghL and sLorage. 1o ensure opumal Lhermal
conducuvlLy of Lhe pasLe, place Lhe heaL pasLe Lube ln
a glass of warm waLer for several mlnuLes.
- lf weaLher condluons are dusLy, Lake care Lo ensure
heaL pasLe ls noL conLamlnaLed wlLh lmpurlues, as Lhls
may reduce Lhermal conducuvlLy and emclency of Lhe
heaL pasLe.
- lf weaLher condluons are weL, Lake care Lo ensure
waLer does noL enLer Lhe lnslde of Lhe evacuaLed Lube.
S.7.2 Insta||anon Gu|de
1. Cpen Lhe evacuaLed Lube box on Lhe slde wlLh Lhe
heaL plpes.
2. ull Lhe heaL plpe ouL ~10cm and ensure Lo keep Lhe
resL of Lhe Lube shaded.
3. CoaL each heaL plpe bulb wlLh heaL Lransfer pasLe, Lhls
can be applled uslng a plece of foam lnsulauon.
4. 1ake ouL Lhe evacuaLed Lube and Lurn lL upslde-down
(heaL plpe down) before Lurnlng lL back uprlghL (heaL
plpe up). 8epeaL Lhls several umes Lo dlsperse Lhe
copper powder wlLhln Lhe heaL plpes.
3. Culde Lhe heaL plpe lnLo Lhe lnslde of Lhe header porL.
ush Lhe heaL plpe ln full depLh.
6. use a damp cloLh, Lo lubrlcaLe Lhe ouLer surface of Lhe
evacuaLed Lube and Lhe rubber rlng ln Lhe manlfold Lo
mlnlmlze frlcuon durlng lnseruon.
7. lnserL Lhe evacuaLed Lube uslng a sllghL LwlsL and
pushlng acuon.
8. 8epeaL sLeps 3-7 for Lhe remalnder of Lhe Lubes.
9. uslng provlded Lube cllps, secure Lhe evacuaLed Lubes
lnLo Lhe bouom Lrack.
10. Wlpe down each evacuaLed Lube wlLh a damp cloLh Lo
ensure a pollshed and clean lnsLallauon.
S.8 Aux|||ary 8oosnng Components
S.8.1 L|ectr|c 8ooster, 1hermostat and L|ement Set-
up
WAkNING
WA8nlnC: All elecLrlcal connecuons musL be compleLed
by a qualled elecLrlclan.
- 1he LhermosLaL should be seL Lo 60C or above as per
AS/nZS 3498.
- 1o ad[usL Lhe LemperaLure semng:
ulsconnecL Lhe elecLrlcal power supply Lo Lhe Lank
8emove Lhe elemenL cover
uslng a screw drlver, roLaLe Lhe LhermosLaL dlal Lo
Lhe deslred LemperaLure.
- Where o-peak perlods are unavallable lL ls advlsable
LhaL a umer be lnsLalled Lo heaL Lhe sysLem up Lo 60C
aL leasL: l) once per week (bouom elemenL Lanks), or,
ll) once per day (mlddle elemenL Lanks) Lo prevenL
leglonella formauon. See secuon 2.3 Leglonella
ConLrol.
S.8.2 Gas 8ooster Setup
- All gas boosLers come pre-seL Lo heaL up Lo 70C as per
AS/nZS 3300, see secuon 2.3 Leglonella ConLrol for
more lnformauon.
- lnsLallauons musL be compllanL wlLh AS/nZS 3601.
- Larger gas sysLems requlre adequaLe uelng and
venulauon, Lhls should also be done ln accordance
wlLh AS/nZS 3601.
- 1o cusLomlze semngs please refer Lo relevanL
manufacLurer's lnsLallauon manual.
6. ost Insta||anon
6.1 Comm|ss|on|ng
1o ensure opumal operauon and Lo malnLaln Lhe lnLegrlLy
of Aprlcus solar hoL waLer sysLems, commlsslonlng ls
an essenual process. Lnsure LhaL each of Lhe followlng
processes ls carrled ouL prlor Lo leavlng Lhe slLe.
6.1.1 System Cperanon Check
Clven good sunllghL, Lhe evacuaLed Lubes wlll begln Lo
produce heaL aer a 3-10 mlnuLe warm up" perlod. 1here
should be an observable lncrease ln Lhe LemperaLure
readlng aL Lhe roof sensor on Lhe conLroller.
When Lhere ls an 8C LemperaLure dlerenual beLween
8CCl and 1Ank sensors Lhe clrculauon pump should Lurn
on.
Aer lnlual compleLed lnsLallauon of collecLor, waLch Lhe
operauon of Lhe pump and conLroller for aL leasL 3 Cn/
Cll cycles or 13 mlnuLes as Lhe sysLem sLablllses. 1hls
process may Lake longer on overcasL or cold condluons.
6.1.2 hoto kecords
1ake several phoLos of Lhe lnsLalled producL lncludlng:
plumblng llnes Lo/from Lhe Lank and collecLor and sensor
porL connecuons. 1hese wlll serve as an lmporLanL record
for fuLure servlclng or warranLy lssues.
6.1.3 Insta||anon kecord Iorm
CompleLe Lhe lnsLallauon record form LhaL ls supplled, 1hls
wlll ensure LhaL Lhe cusLomer ls reglsLered on Lhe Aprlcus
daLabase and lncrease Lhe speed wlLh whlch warranLy and
servlce lssues can be dealL wlLh. 1he lnsLallauon record
forms can be reLurned vla:
a) lax a copy Lo: 02 9473 0092,
b) L-mall a copy Lo: warranLy[aprlcus.com.au,
c) Mall a copy Lo: Aprlcus WarranLy, C 8ox 6109,
SllverwaLer, nSW, 1811, C8,
d) lnsLallauon/record forms can also be submlued
elecLronlcally onllne aL: hup://www.aprlcus.com.au/
6.1.4 kebate Iorms
CompleLe any appllcable rebaLe forms LhaL requlre an
lnsLallers slgnaLure prlor Lo leavlng Lhe slLe.
6.2 Ma|ntenance
under normal condluons Lhe solar collecLor ls malnLenance
free. lease refer Lo Lhe documenLauon provlded by Lhe
manufacLurer of oLher componenLs for malnLenance
guldellnes.
MalnLenance and servlclng should only be compleLed by
a cerued plumber, wlLh experlence ln solar hoL waLer
sysLems.
6.2.1 Damaged 1ubes
WAkNING
WA8nlnC: When replaclng damaged Lubes follow all
relevanL CP&S pollcles. roLecuve cloLhlng ls Lo be
worn aL all ume.
WLA8 Lhlck leaLher gloves lf handllng Lhe heaL plpe.
WLA8 safeLy glasses aL ALL umes when handllng Lhe
glass Lubes.
- lf a Lube ls broken lL should be replaced as soon as
posslble Lo malnLaln maxlmum collecLor performance.
Powever, Lhe sysLem wlll conunue Lo operaLe safely
even wlLh a damaged Lube.
- Any broken glass should be cleared away Lo prevenL
ln[ury.
- 1o replace a Lube:
1. 8emove Lhe Lube cllp, sllde broken Lube ouL and
carefully plck up any glass pleces and dlspose of
approprlaLely.
2. Avold Louchlng Lhe glass wool lnsulauon lnslde Lhe
manlfold wlLh bare hands, as lL can cause mlld skln
lrrlLauon.
3. lf Lhe heaL plpe ls noL damaged, lL can be le ln
place and a new evacuaLed Lube lnserLed, guldlng
Lhe heaL plpe down Lhe groove beLween Lhe
evacuaLed Lube lnner wall and heaL Lransfer n.
6.2.3 Dra|n|ng the System
uralnlng of Lhe collecLor may be requlred when servlclng
or performlng malnLenance on Lhe sysLem. erlodlc
ushlng of Lhe sysLem ls noL requlred unless ln areas wlLh
hard waLer resulung ln scale formauon ln Lhe bouom of
Lhe Lank.
lollow Lhe sLeps below Lo draln Lhe collecLor:
1. 1urn o Lhe malns waLer supply Lo Lhe solar sLorage
Lank.
2. lf Lhe sLorage Lank ls belng dralned,
a) ulsconnecL all power supply Lo waLer heaLer (for
elecLrlc boosLed Lanks).
b) 8elease pressure ln Lhe Lank by carefully operaung
Lhe 18v release lever.
c) undo Lhe cold lnleL and auach a draln hose.
d) CperaLe Lhe 18v release lever allowlng alr lnLo Lhe
heaLer and waLer Lo draln vla Lhe hose.
3. lf Lhe sLorage Lank ls noL belng dralned,
a) lsolaLe plplng Lo and from Lhe solar collecLor and
lmmedlaLely undo mngs Lo open draln llnes.
WAkNING
WA8nlnC: Allowlng Lhe collecLor Lo slL pressured wlLh
Lhe lsolauon valves closed may lead Lo dangerously hlgh
pressure.
b) Cpen an alr venL or draln cock, on Lhe manlfold
ouLleL Lo allow alr Lo enLer Lhe sysLem.
c) Allow Lhe manlfold Lo slL ln a venLed sLaLe for
3-10mln Lo allow Lhe manlfold Lo boll dry (may
need longer ln poor weaLher).
d) Close Lhe alr venL or draln cock.
4. 8e-ll Lhe sysLem by followlng Lhe same procedure
ouLllned ln secuon 3.6 SysLem lllllng and Alr urge.
6.2.4 Cver ressure rotecnon Ma|ntenance
1he lever on Lhe 18v should be carefully lled and
placed down once every 6 monLhs, Lhls wlll help prevenL
any debrls or scale bulld up ln Lhe valve. Lnsure Lhe draln
plpe from Lhe 18v ls clear.
1hls should be slmllarly done for Lhe expanslon conLrol
valve on Lhe cold malns llne (lf Lhere ls one lnsLalled).
6.2.S Magnes|um Anode kep|acement
Class-llned sLorage Lanks have a magneslum anode
lnserLed lnLo Lhe Lank. 1hls anode prevenLs lnLernal
corroslon LhaL wlll oLherwlse drasucally shorLen sLorage
Lank llfe. Aprlcus recommend Lhe anode be lnspecLed aL
leasL every Lhree (3) years, and servlced as requlred.
7. Custom System Des|gn Gu|de-
||nes
7.1 Introducnon
1hls chapLer ls lnLended as a gulde Lo asslsL ln deslgnlng
commerclal or cusLom-slzed solar Lhermal sysLems uslng
Aprlcus collecLors. ln con[uncuon wlLh Lhls gulde, Aprlcus
AusLralla oers a free servlce, whereby Lhe sysLem can
be slzed and deslgned by a group of Lralned englneers Lo
ensure LhaL Lhe sysLem besL meeLs Lhe appllcauon. lf you
are lnLeresLed ln Laklng up Lhls free servlce please conLacL
your local Aprlcus agenL or emall englneerlng[aprlcus.
com.au.
7.1.1 Assoc|ated Work
All deslgns and lnsLallauons creaLed uslng Lhls gulde or
by Aprlcus AusLralla, musL be verled by a professlonal
lnsLaller or hydraullc consulLanL, prlor Lo lnsLallauon. All
lnsLallauons musL be wlLhln accordance Lo AS/nZS 3300
- nauonal lumblng and uralnage Code and any local
auLhorlues. A llcensed plumber musL be conLracLed Lo
lnsLall and commlsslon Lhe sysLem. An elecLrlclan may be
requlred for Lhe lnsLallauon of Lhe CC box for elecLrlcal
componenLs of Lhe sysLem (e.g. clrculauon pump and
dlerenual LemperaLure conLroller).
Aprlcus AusLralla advlses LhaL all assumpuons are correcL
aL daLe of release. uerlved values are conservauve
approxlmauons based on a comblnauon of provlded
daLa and eld experlence. lnformauon presenLed ln Lhls
manual shall noL be mlsused or mlsconsLrued ln any way.
7.2 Ca|cu|anng Load
7.2.1 Ca|cu|anng Water Usage
ln mosL cases Lhe hoL waLer requlremenLs for a bulldlng are
glven ln xLure counLs or peak demand. 1hese numbers
are noL always Lhe mosL accuraLe for slzlng solar Lhermal
sysLems. ln order Lo properly slze a sysLem, an analysls of
Lhe acLual or esumaLed hoL waLer usage ls requlred.
Method A (Meter|ng): lf Lhe bulldlng already exlsLs
and ls occupled, lL ls recommended LhaL Lhe sysLem be
meLered durlng normal operauon Lo accuraLely gauge Lhe
hoL waLer usage of Lhe bulldlng. uaLa obLalned Lhrough
meLerlng should lnclude dally volume usage and peak
ow raLe or energy demand.
Method 8 (Un||ty 8|||): lL may be posslble Lo use pasL
uullLy bllls Lo esumaLe Lhe usage. lf Lhe hoL waLer ls on
lLs own meLer, muluply Lhe summer energy consumpuon
requlred Lo heaL Lhe waLer by Lhe esumaLed sysLem
emclency. When esumaung Lhe emclency, Lake lnLo
accounL any losses from reclrculauon and subLracL from
Lhe usage. 1he resulung number can be dlvlded by Lhe
number of days ln Lhe monLh Lo achleve a dally energy
requlremenL.
Method C (Lsnmanon): lf meLhods A or 8 are noL
appllcable, or feaslble, an esumauon of Lhe amounL of hoL
waLer consumpuon wlll need Lo be made. 1here are many
publlshed waLer heaung sLandards or guldellnes LhaL can
be used Lo esumaLe consumpuon values, such as ASP8AL
(Amerlcan SocleLy of Peaung and Alr-Condluonlng
Lnglneers). 1able 6 shows eld daLa of waLer usage values
for a range of appllcauons.
1oble 6. llelJ Joto fot wotet osoqe fot votloos oppllcouoos
8ulldlng use WaLer usage*
AparLmenL 8lock 130-160 L/unlL
nurslng Pome 70 L/8ed
PoLel 37 L/unlL
uormlLory 49 L/SLudenL
8esLauranLs 6 L/Meal
Note. llqotes ootmollseJ fot 60c ootlet tempetotote, Joto
obtoloeJ ftom A5nkA.
7.2.2 Ca|cu|anng Lnergy kequ|rements
1he equauons below deLall how Lo calculaLe Lhe energy
requlremenL uslng MeLhod C Lsumauon as dlscussed ln
secuon 7.2.1
ln order Lo calculaLe Lhe energy requlred, calculaLe Lhe
dlerenual LemperaLure ln Lhe summer:
uigerenno/ 1emperoture {c)
= ueslteJ 1empetotote (c)
- Mlolmom sommet tempetotote (c)
1he dally energy requlremenL can Lhen be calculaLed:
uoi/y nerqy kequirement {kl)
= volome of wotet oseJ Jolly (kq) 4.18 (kI/kqc)
Jl[eteouol tempetotote (c)
1hls calculauon wlll change lf waLer ls noL Lhe chosen
medlum for Lhe sysLem deslgn.
7.3 System S|z|ng
7.3.1 Co||ector S|ze kequ|rement
uslng summer ume values of dally energy requlremenL
as deLermlned ln Secuon 7.2.2, Lhe number of collecLors
requlred can be deLermlned. Summer ume values have
been selecLed Lo ensure LhaL Lhe slze of Lhe solar Lhermal
sysLem wlll meeL Lhe ma[orlLy of Lhe hoL waLer demands
durlng Lhe summer perlod (Lhls ls approxlmaLely 90-93
solar conLrlbuuon), and ensure LhaL overheaung wlll noL
be a problem.
Number of 4Pl0 co//ectors
=uolly oetqy kepoltemeot (kI)J600(kwb/kI)/11kwb
7.3.2 koof Space and Co||ector Shad|ng
When deslgnlng commerclal solar Lhermal sysLems,
lL ls very common for Lhe roof space Lo be Lhe llmlung
facLor LhaL deLermlnes Lhe number of collecLors LhaL can
be placed on Lhe roof. lf Lhls ls Lhe case, lL ls necessary
Lo deLermlne Lhe avallable area for Lhe solar Lhermal
collecLors and calculaLe Lhe number of collecLors LhaL can
L wlLhln Lhe deslgn envelope.
1he roof space and dlmenslons requlred for a slngle A-30
aL common lnsLall angles are llsLed below ln 1able 7.
1oble 7. koof covetoqe of o sloqle Al-J0 collectot
lLch ()
8oof
8auen
Spaclng
WldLh
(mm)
uepLh
(mm)
1oLal roof
Coverage
(m2)
1300mm 0 2240 2023 4.34
30 1733 3.92
43 1431 3.2
1800mm 0 2240 2023 4.34
28 1787 4
43 1480 3.31
Shadlng ls anoLher facLor LhaL needs Lo be Laken lnLo
accounL for ulLed collecLors, as lL ls posslble LhaL banks of
collecLors can shade each oLher. Shadlng can add 41.8m2
Lo Lhe roof surface area LhaL Lhe collecLor occuples.
As a resulL, spaclng beLween banks of collecLors needs
Lo be consldered, especlally when lnsLalllng frames aL
ulLs. 1hls can resulL ln slgnlcanL shadlng durlng wlnLer
and performance loss lf noL assessed properly. ConLacL
englneerlng[aprlcus.com.au for advlce on complex array
lnsLallauons.
SysLems LhaL requlre cerucauon Lo cyclonlc sLandards
should also Lake lnLo accounL edge zones and oLher slLe
speclc facLors. lor more deLall please refer Lo secuon 8
- Appendlx.
7.3.3 Storage 1ank S|z|ng
1he sLorage Lank slzlng ls dlrecLly relaLed Lo Lhe load
prole of Lhe bulldlng. Secuon 7.2.1 deLalls meLhods of
deLermlnlng Lhe load prole for a slLe.
1he sLorage Lank acLs as a Lhermal bauery and should be
slzed Lo provlde, as a mlnlmum enough energy capaclLy Lo
maLch Lhe summer ume producuon of Lhe sysLem.
1o calculaLe Lhe sLorage Lank energy capaclLy, follow Lhe
equauon below:
1onk vo/ume {kq)
=(oetqy copoclty (kI)
j(Mox 5totoqe 1empetotote
- 5ommet wotet 1empetotote) (c)
4.18 (kI/kqc)]
SLorage Lank slzlng can only be lowered lf Lhere ls exLreme
condence ln Lhe load prole and a careful analysls has
been underLaken.
1he sLorage Lanks should be slzed Lo hold Lhe energy
from Lhe solar array wlLhouL any load. lor example,
bulldlngs LhaL are noL used durlng Lhe weekend requlre a
sLorage Lank slze LhaL ls Lwo Lo Lhree umes larger Lhan an
equlvalenL bulldlng uslng hoL waLer seven days a week.
7.3.4 |pe Mater|a|
collecLor loop can geL very hoL and Lherefore Lhe
recommended maLerlal cholce for plpes are copper (hard
or so colled) or corrugaLed, exlble sLalnless sLeel plpe.
7.3.S |pe S|ze
a) |pe Se|ecnon: When selecung Lhe slze of Lhe plpe
for Lhe solar loop or any plumblng, Lhere are Lwo maln
concerns, ow raLe and pressure drop.
1hese Lwo facLors are closely relaLed, a hlgher pressure
drop wlll reduce Lhe ow raLe. ressure drop ls lncreased
wlLh a smaller dlameLer plpe, as well as Lhe presence of
bends, elbows and oLher componenLs LhaL wlll resLrlcL
Lhe ow. CorrugaLed plpes wlll also lncrease Lhe pressure
drop.
b) |pe D|ameter: See 1able 8 for baslc plpe slzlng (based
on Lype L copper):
1oble 8. kecommeoJeJ llpe 5lzloq fot Nombet of 1obes
number of 1ubes lpe Slze (lnches) lpe Slze (mm)
10-20 x" 12.7
30-90 " 19.03
90-240 1" 23.4
240-730 1.3" 38.1
730-1700 2" 30.8
c) 1emperature k|se: 1able 9 provldes esumaLed
LemperaLure rlse aL varlous ow raLes:
1oble 9. Apptoxlmote 1empetotote tlse qlveo fow tote ooJ
5olot lttoJlouoo
llow 8aLe per 30
1ubes (L/mln)
1emp 8lse (C)
[ 0.47 kWh/m2
(Clear WlnLer's
uay)
1emp 8lse [ 1.0
kWh/m2 (Clear
Summer's uay)
0.73 16.4 33
1.3 8.2 17.3
2.3 3.3 11.7
3 4.1 8.7
3.8 3.3 7
7.4 System 1ype
1he sysLem Lype (dlrecL, closed, dralnback) ls dlrecLly
relaLed Lo Lhe bulldlng funcuon and usage. 1yplcal
usage pauerns are llsLed below along wlLh deslgn
conslderauons. When all Lypes of sysLems are accepLable
for Lhe appllcauon, freeze proLecuon meLhods musL sull
be Laken lnLo conslderauon.
7.4.1 C|osed |oop
ln a closed loop sysLem, Lhe heaL Lransfer uld ls pumped
Lhrough Lhe collecLors and a heaL exchanger ls used Lo
Lransfer heaL from Lhe collecLor loop Lo Lhe waLer ln Lhe
Lank. Closed loop sysLems are used ln areas where freezlng
condluons are common and Lhe Lransfer uld ln Lhe
manlfold ls generally glycol or an anufreeze uld. 1hese
sysLems are more expenslve Lo consLrucL and lnsLall, and
requlre malnLenance.
7.4.2 Cpen Loop or D|rect I|ow
Cpen loop acuve sysLems clrculaLe waLer dlrecLly from
Lhe Lank, Lhrough Lhe collecLors. 1hls deslgn ls emclenL
and lowers operaung cosLs, buL ls noL approprlaLe lf Lhe
waLer supply ls hard, as deposlLs of calclum wlll qulckly
bulld up ln Lhe bouom header of Lhe collecLor. Cpen loop
sysLems have llmlLed freeze proLecuon usually achleved
Lhrough conLroller funcuons, by runnlng Lhe pump and
forclng warm waLer from Lhe Lank Lo Lhe collecLor, when
Lhe collecLor LemperaLure approaches zero.
7.4.3 Dra|nback
uralnback sysLems use waLer as Lhe heaL Lransfer uld
ln Lhe collecLor loop. 1he waLer dralns by gravlLy back Lo
Lhe sLorage Lank or an auxlllary (header) Lank when Lhe
clrculauon pump sLops, Lhus prevenung overheaung and
freezlng. 1hls sysLem provldes a hlgh level of proLecuon
as lL does noL rely on valves or conLrollers LhaL could fall
under adverse freezlng condluons. 1he dlsadvanLage of
Lhe sysLem ls LhaL lL requlres a pump wlLh a hlgh sLauc
ll Lo ll Lhe collecLor when Lhe sysLem sLarLs up, lL ls
also lmporLanL LhaL all plumblng slopes, ensurlng LhaL Lhe
collecLor ls aL Lhe Lop and Lhe Lank aL Lhe bouom, u-bends
are sLrlcLly noL allowed.
7.4.4 Constant Use, 7 Days a Week
Lxample: lndusLrlal appllcauons
ln appllcauons where Lhe usage ls consLanL LhroughouL
Lhe day any of Lhe Lhree sysLem Lypes can be uullzed.
Slnce Lhe load ls consLanL and usually known, mlnlmal
sLorage ls requlred as all Lhe energy wlll be used as soon
as lL enLers Lhe sysLem. 1he boosLer wlll need Lo be slzed
Lo be able Lo malnLaln Lhls consLanL draw o.
7.4.S Constant Use, S Days a Week
Lxample: ManufacLurlng faclllLy
ln Lhls Lype of appllcauon Lhere ls a large consLanL load
durlng Lhe week, however Lhe weekend load may be
mlnlmal. Pence alLhough all Lhe energy produced by
solar ls used durlng Lhe week, lL ls advlsable Lo lnsLall Lhe
largesL amounL of sLorage posslble. 1he ldeal scenarlo ls
Lo slze Lhe Lanks such, LhaL sLagnauon, and Lhus energy
wasLe ls mlnlmlzed. Where sumclenL sLorage ls avallable
any of Lhe Lhree congurauons are sulLable.
lf enough sLorage lsn'L lnsLalled lL ls advlsable Lo use elLher
a dralnback sysLem Lo mlnlmlze Lhe lmpacL of sLagnauon,
or a closed loop sysLem wlLh a heaL dump mechanlsm or
separaLe energy appllcauon. AlLernauvely, Lhe number
of collecLors can be scaled down Lo meeL Lhe amounL of
sLorage feaslble.
7.4.6 Da||y eaks, 7 Days a Week
Lxample: AparLmenL 8ulldlng, 8rewery, ualry larm
Appllcauons where waLer usage peaks aL polnLs durlng
Lhe day requlre sLandard sLorage capaclLy. ldeally
enough energy can be sLored Lo oseL Lhe dally energy
requlremenL. lf Lhe sysLem ls slzed Lo conLrlbuLe a small
amounL (<30) Lhe amounL of sLorage can be reduced Lo
130-200 llLres per A-30 and any Lype of sysLem can be
used.
lf a hlgh solar conLrlbuuon ls requlred lL ls recommended
LhaL larger sLorage be used or LhaL a dralnback deslgn ls
employed.
7.4.7 Constant Use, w|th Lxtended er|ods of Non-
Use
Lxample: School, Colleges
Slnce many learnlng faclllues have exLended hollday
perlods a dralnback sysLem ls Lhe besL cholce. SLorage can
be mlnlmlzed slnce Lhe collecLors wlll noL be ln operauon
durlng Lhe summer monLhs. uurlng Lhls perlod, collecLors
should be covered Lo prevenL exLended perlods of dry
sLagnauon as Lhls may damage Lhe collecLors. CollecLor
elds for schools are oen overslzed Lo provlde more
conLrlbuuon ln Lhe shoulder monLhs.
lf Lhe faclllues are opened year round, follow Secuon
7.3.1. lf Lhe faclllues are opened year round and a pool
exlsLs, lL can be used as a form of heaL dump over Lhe
weekend.
7.S System Des|gn and Conhguranon
7.S.1 Mu|np|e Co||ector Connecnon
a) Connecung CollecLors ln Serles: lL ls hlghly recommended
LhaL Lhe ow raLe Lhrough any Aprlcus collecLor should
noL exceed 18L/mln. lf Lhe ldeal ow raLe ls deslgned
uslng Lhls value ln mlnd lL resulLs ln a maxlmum of 130
Lubes ln serles. 1hls ls for four maln reasons:
- Lxcesslve hlgh ow raLes can scrub Lhe walls of Lhe
copper header wearlng lL away.
- Plgh ow raLes greaLly lncrease Lhe pressure drop,
requlrlng a much larger clrculauon pump, and
consumlng more power.
- 1he peak 30 Lube collecLor ouLpuL ls abouL 1.9kW,
Lherefore Lhe maxlmum LemperaLure rlse per pass
Lhrough Lhe collecLors wlll be 8.6C aL Lhe ldeal ow
raLe specled above. A fasLer ow raLe provldes no
ma[or beneL and may resulL ln Lhe pump dropplng
below Lhe pump cycllng on and o due Lo conLroller
semngs.
- 1hermal expanslon of more collecLors ln serles could
cause buckllng of Lhe copper header durlng perlods of
sLagnauon.
b) lsolauon and draln valves: Lach bank of collecLors (up
Lo ve ln serles) should have an lsolauon valve aL each
end and a draln valve. lf Lhe collecLor bank needs Lo be
lsolaLed for malnLenance work, Lhe draln valve musL
lmmedlaLely be opened Lo avold dangerous pressure and
LemperaLure bulld up.
WAkNING
WA8nlnC: lf any solar collecLors are lsolaLed, a draln
valve locaLed beLween Lhe Lwo polnLs of lsolauon musL
lmmedlaLely be opened, oLherwlse a rapld pressure
bulld up may occur poLenually resulung ln componenL
rupLure releaslng superheaLed waLer or sLeam.
7.S.2 8a|anced I|ow
When connecung muluple banks of collecLors ln parallel,
Lhe ow raLe Lhrough each bank musL be equal. lallure Lo
ensure equal ow wlll resulL ln some collecLors runnlng
cold" due Lo hlgher ow raLe whlle oLhers wlll run hoL,
due Lo Lhe lower ow raLes. 1hls wlll mean LhaL Lhe cold
collecLors wlll cool Lhe hoL collecLors down when Lhe
waLer reLurns Lo Lhe same plpe, reduclng Lhe overall
eecuveness of Lhe solar heaung. 1hls ls noL an lssue for
a slngle bank of 130 Lubes connecLed ln serles (3 x A-30).
1here are Lwo maln meLhods of achlevlng balanced ow,
reverse reLurn and ow seuers.
a) keverse keturn: 1o ensure balanced ow Lhrough Lhe
collecLors, plplng congurauon can be used followlng a
meLhod of rsL ln - lasL ouL" as lllusLraLed ln llgure 19.
1hls meLhod ls less preclse ow balanclng, as well as
lncreased cosL and heaL loss due Lo exLra plplng.
llqote 19. collectot llploq Attooqemeot - kevetse ketoto
llqote 22. lotollel took plploq - lo tevetse setop
lease conLacL englneerlng[aprlcus.com.au for advlce
on complex Lank prlorlLy conLrol.
7.6 Des|gn Cons|deranons
7.6.1 Stagnanon
SLagnauon ls a Lerm used Lo descrlbe Lhe scenarlo where
Lhe collecLors are produclng energy whlle Lhe clrculauon
pump ls Lurned o. 1hls can occur ln a number of
clrcumsLances:
- uurlng a power ouLage when Lhe elecLrlclLy ls ouL.
- uurlng servlclng when Lhe conLroller and pump are
shuL down.
- When Lhe waLer sLore has reached maxlmum
LemperaLure and Lhe conLroller does noL allow Lhe
pump Lo Lurn on.
ln boLh dlrecL and closed loop sysLems, sLagnauon resulLs ln
excesslve heaL energy belng Lransferred Lo Lhe uld lnslde
Lhe collecLors. When Lhls occurs, Lhe LemperaLure and
pressure of Lhe sysLem wlll lncrease. ln a ooded sysLem,
Lhe collecLors and plumblng ln close proxlmlLy may reach
LemperaLures of up Lo 170C. 1herefore componenLs
whlch are exposed Lo such hlgh LemperaLures, such as
valves, plplng or lnsulauon, should be sulLably raLed.
1he sysLem deslgns llsLed ln Lhe 'CL8' 8eglsLer musL
meeL Lhe no-Load sysLem requlremenLs deLalled ln AS/
nZS 2712:2007. 1hls means LhaL Lhey wlll noL dump large
volumes of waLer from Lhe 18v and do noL requlre an
auLo alr-venL.
under sLagnauon condluons, when waLer ls Lurned on,
condensauon pressure shocks may occur ln Lhe Lank.
1hls ls oen assoclaLed wlLh a loud, rumbllng nolse ln Lhe
Lank. 1hls occurs, when hlgh pressure, hlgh LemperaLure
sLeam ln Lhe solar reLurn, experlences a rapld pressure
and LemperaLure decrease as lL enLers Lhe Lank meeung
b) I|ow Seuers: 1hls ls a more preclse meLhod of balanclng
ow. Lach bank ls measured and dlrecLly ad[usLed, see
llgure 20. lL ls generally more cosL eecuve Lhan reverse
reLurn as lL ellmlnaLes plpe run lengLh and assoclaLed
lncreased cosL and heaL loss. AlLhough lnvolves exLra
componenLry.

llqote 20. collectot llploq Attooqemeot - kevetse ketoto
7.S.3 Mu|np|e 1ank |p|ng
a) ara||e| 1ank |p|ng: 1o allow balanced ow Lhrough
muluple parallel Lanks, Lhe reverse reLurn, or rsL ln - lasL
ouL" Lheory can also be used for Lank plplng, as evldenL ln
llgure 21. 1he deslgn allows Lhe muluple Lanks Lo acL as
a slngle large Lank. lL means Lhe sLraucauon wlll be Lhe
same Lhrough all Lanks.
llqote 21. lotollel took plploq - lo tevetse setop
b) r|or|nsanon 1ank |p|ng: rlorlusaLon plpe deslgn has
an orderlng sysLem LhaL forces Lhe rsL Lank ln Lhe llne Lo
be heaLed fully before Lhe nexL Lank ln Lhe llne, Lhrough
conLroller loglc, see llgure 22. 1hls process keeps worklng
down Lhe chaln of Lanks unul all are full of Lhe seL polnL
LemperaLure. 1hls meLhod would be used ln consLanL
load appllcauons where lL ls more lmporLanL Lo reduce
lnemclenL auxlllary heaung/hlgh energy cosLs raLher Lhan
conslder solar emclency. 1anks ln Lhls seLup wlll run houer
and have a poLenual for lncreased heaL loss. All Lanks and
plplng musL be well lnsulaLed Lo mlnlmlse heaL loss.
llqote 2J. cbeck volve locouoo lo steom bock system
7.6.3 Ireeze rotecnon
ln areas LhaL experlence freezlng condluons aL any ume
of Lhe year, a meLhod of freeze proLecuon musL be
consldered.
a. lor areas wlLh LemperaLure LhaL does noL fall below
-3C, slmple low LemperaLure conLroller based freeze
proLecuon may be used. 1haL ls, Lhe pump clrculaLes
lf Lhe manlfold LemperaLure approaches freezlng.
lf posslble, backup proLecuon ln Lhe form of an
unlnLerrupLed power supply (uS) or a power ouLage
draln valve should also be lnsLalled. A power ouLage
draln valve lnsLalled on Lhe reLurn llne (back from Lhe
collecLor Lo Lank) opens Lo allow waLer Lo slowly run
Lhrough Lhe collecLor lf Lhe power supply ls cuL. A
check valve beLween Lhe Lank and draln valve musL
be lnsLalled, Lo ensure ow ls Lhrough Lhe collecLor.
b. lor areas wlLh LemperaLures below -3C, a closed loop
lled wlLh freeze reslsLanL heaL Lransfer uld should be
used. 1he lnsLaller would need Lo refer Lo Lhe speclc
heaL Lransfer manufacLurer's speclcauons abouL Lhe
LemperaLure ranges LhaL Lhe uld can wlLhsLand. 1he
pP and freeze uld level of Lhe uld should be LesLed
every year before cold weaLher occurs. Always follow
Lhe manufacLurer's guldellnes when Lesung Lhe
pP and freeze proLecuon of Lhe heaL Lransfer uld.
c. uralnback sysLems are permlsslble ln all cllmaLes, buL
recommended as an opuon for freeze prone areas.
8efer Lo Secuon 7.4.3 uralnback for more deLalls.
malns pressure waLer. 1hls resulLs ln rapld condensauon,
where Lhe surroundlng uld collapses on lLself or Lank
chamber walls.
AlLhough Lhe Lank wlll noL be damaged by Lhe such pressure
shocks, lf Lhe nolse becomes an lssue an expanslon Lank
can be ued on Lhe malns llne aer Lhe non-reLurn check
valve Lo prevenL Lhe hlgh pressures belng meL. See secuon
7.7.2 Lxpanslon 1ank for more lnformauon.
7.6.2 Lxcess|ve System ressure and 1emperature
Contro|
Many solar Lhermal appllcauons face a fundamenLal
supply and demand mlsmaLch. l.e. when lL ls houesL ln
Lhe year, solar produces Lhe mosL, buL requlred load ls
smaller. 8y conLrasL, when lL ls Lhe coldesL ln Lhe year,
solar produces Lhe leasL buL Lhe load ls oen greaLer. 1hls
means LhaL ln some appllcauons such as pool heaung
and under-oor hydronlc heaung, Lhe sysLem needs Lo
be overslzed for summer. 1hls can resulL ln prolonged
perlods of sLagnauon.
SLeamback ls a passlve meLhod of conLrolllng sysLem
sLagnauon. 1he mechanlsm of sLeamback ls descrlbed ln
four parLs:
- arL 1 - Lxpanslon of uld. 1he uld expands as lL ls
heaLed.
- arL 2 - ushlng llquld ouL of Lhe collecLor. As Lhe
bolllng polnL ls approached, uld beglns Lo Lurn Lo
sLeam (evaporaLes). 8ecause sLeam occuples a much
larger volume Lhen llquld, lL pushes llquld ouL of Lhe
collecLor.
- arL 3 - LmpLylng of Lhe collecLor by bolllng. 1he
resldual uld from parL 2, conunues Lo evaporaLe and
form sLeam. LvenLually Lhere ls llule Lo no llquld and
Lhe collecLor reaches a sLaLe slmllar Lo dry sLagnauon.
- arL 4 - 8elllng of Lhe collecLor, when solar lrradlauon
falls, Lhe collecLor LemperaLure drops causlng sLeam Lo
condensaLe. 1hls acLs as a vacuum and leads Lo passlve
relllng of Lhe collecLor.
1o enable eecuve sLeamback deslgn:
1. SysLem pressure should be seL aL 1.3-2.3 bar (lower
bolllng polnL of waLer).
2. Cverslze expanslon Lank Lo lnclude volume for
expanslon of waLer and also all Lhe volume ln Lhe
collecLors.
3. Check valve musL be placed before Lhe expanslon Lank
so as noL Lo prevenL empLylng of Lhe collecLor from Lhe
ow slde, see gure 23.
7.7 Add|nona| Components
7.7.1 1hermostanc M|x|ng Va|ve
1hermosLauc Mlxlng valve (1Mv): 1he 1Mv ls slmllar Lo
a Lemperlng valve, as lL blends hoL and cold waLer Lo a
seL LemperaLure requlred aL Lhe ouLleL. 1Mvs conunually
malnLaln Lhe ouLleL waLer LemperaLure Lo a preseL value,
furLher prevenung scaldlng. lL allows waLer Lo be sLored aL
a hlgher LemperaLure, and furLher noL lnhlblL Lhe growLh
of leglonella bacLerla.
7.7.2 Lxpans|on 1ank
Lxpanslon Lanks allow Lhe sysLem Lo breaLh and conLrol
pressure ucLuauons. 1he Lank ls deslgned Lo absorb
any exLra pressure wlLhln a sysLem caused by waLer
expanslon from sLagnauon and waLer hammer. 1he Lank
lLself conLalns alr, whlch ls somewhaL compresslble, lL ls
Lhls characLerlsuc LhaL wlll absorb Lhe shock from waLer
pressure.
When heaL energy ls added Lo a uld lL's molecules
wlll vlbraLe wlLh greaLer energy. 1hls resulLs ln Lhe uld
expandlng. ln a closed envlronmenL Lhe volume ls xed,
hence as expanslon lncreases, Lhls leads Lo Lhe pressure of
Lhe sysLem and bolllng polnL of waLer rlslng. ln domesuc
sysLems an expanslon conLrol valve ued on Lhe cold
malns llne (ued ln beLween Lhe non-reLurn valve and
Lank) may be enough Lo mlugaLe Lhe eecLs of expanslon
and pressure lncrease.
lor larger dlrecL ow sysLems and closed loop sysLems, an
expanslon Lank needs Lo be used Lo absorb Lhe pressure
caused by Lhe expanslon of waLer.
An expanslon Lank conLalns a bladder, Lhls separaLes Lhe
gas chamber from Lhe uld (see gure 24). When Lhe
sysLem ls commlssloned Lhe ll pressure of Lhe expanslon
Lank ls seL Lo Lhe deslred sysLem pressure. roper slzlng of
Lhe expanslon Lank ls lmporLanL Lo Lake Lhe full expanded
volume of Lhe uld ln Lhe hydraullc sysLem.
llqote 24. xpoosloo took opetouoo
As LemperaLure lncreases, Lhe uld expands and pressure
lncreases. Slnce a gas can be compressed and a uld can
noL, Lhe bladder pushes lnLo Lhe gas chamber (see gure
23).
llqote 25. ltessote took wotkloq os wotet ls beoteJ
8y pushlng on Lhe bladder, Lhe volume of Lhe uld
lncreases, and Lhus pressure ln Lhe hydraullc sysLem ls
decreased. Conversely, Lhe gas chamber decreases ln
volume and Lhus pressure ls lncreased (see gure 26).
lf Lhe expanslon Lank ls underslzed, when Lhe Lank's
maxlmum pressure lnLake capaclLy ls meL, Lhe hydraullc
sysLem wlll conunue Lo lncrease ln pressure whlch wlll
evenLually lead Lo Lhe 18v openlng.
1able 10 shows how Lhe expanslon ls greaLer aL hlgher
LemperaLures
1oble 10. xpoosloo coe[cleot of wotet ot votloos tempetototes
1emperaLure of WaLer
(C)
Lxpanslon CoemclenL
(10
-6
k
-1
)
4 0
10 88
20 207
30 303
40 383
30 437
60 322
70 382
80 640
90 693
7.7.4 Ad[ustab|e ressure keduc|ng Va|ve
ressure reduclng valves (8v) should be used connecLed
on Lhe malns-llne aer Lhe ball valve and before a non-
reLurn duo valve. 1hey wlll auLomaucally ll Lhe closed
solar loop back Lo Lhe seL pressure lf alr ls released from
Lhe expanslon conLrol valve.
A pressure gauge should be lnsLalled on Lhe 8v Lo provlde
a clear lndlcauon of llne pressure upsLream of Lhe valve.
uurlng commlsslonlng, a aL head screw can be used Lo
ad[usL Lhe pressure semng on Lhe 8v.
8. Append|x
8.1 Apr|cus System Schemancs
8.1.1 Apr|cus L|ectr|c 8oosted So|ar not Water System
Apricus Australia - Solar Hot Water System with Electric Boost
1
5
4
7
6
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
No
Apricus Solar Evacuated Tube Collector (10/20/22/30 Tubes)
Apricus Pump Station Kit
(includes tempering valve, fow meter, check valve, circulation pump, controller)
Apricus Storage Tank (Stainless Steel or Glass-Lined)
Pressure Temperature Relief Valve
Electric Element and Thermostat (Bot or Mid Element)
Apricus Valve Kit (Optional Extra)
(includes duo valve, pressure limiting valve, 4-way cross, expansion control valve)
COMPONENT NAME
Key
Cold Mains Inlet
Hot Outlet
Tempered Hot Water
Solar Return Line
Solar Flow Line
Sensor Cables
Drain Line
IMPORTANT
This schematic is designed as a guide only.
Images shown are not to scale.
8.1.2 Apr|cus Gas 8oosted So|ar not Water System
7
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
No
Apricus Solar Evacuated Tube Collector (10/20/22/30 Tubes)
Apricus Pump Station Kit
(includes tempering valve, fow meter, check valve, circulation pump, controller)
Apricus Storage Tank (Stainless Steel or Glass-Lined)
Pressure Temperature Relief Valve
In-Line Gas Booster (NG/LPG)
Apricus Valve Kit (Optional Extra)
(includes duo valve, pressure limiting valve, 4-way cross, expansion control valve)
COMPONENT NAME
IMPORTANT
This schematic is designed as a guide only.
Images shown are not to scale.
Key
Cold Mains Inlet
Hot Outlet
Tempered Hot Water
Solar Return Line
Solar Flow Line
Sensor Cables
Drain Line
Apricus Australia - Solar Hot Water System with Gas Boost
Gas Mains Inlet
1
3 4
6
8.2 Cond|nona| kequ|rements
8.2.1 W|nd Load|ng Cond|nons
1he locallsed wlnd loadlng condluons can dler dependlng on a number of facLors. 1hese facLors can vary greaLly
dependlng on locauon. WhaL may be correcL ln one sLreeL or suburb, may be dlerenL ln Lhe nexL. 1he Wlnd loadlng
parameLers lnclude: wlnd reglon, Lopography and Lerraln caLegory. llgure 28 lllusLraLes how AusLralla has been
caLegorlzed. lor more lnformauon on how Lo classlfy wlnd-loadlng parameLers see AS/nZS 1170.2 - Wlnd Acuons or
consulL a local sLrucLural englneer.
I2?*'( !C" B26> 0(?286 5.- 83 H*)/'.12.
Source: S1LC8A8 ArchlLecLural ueslgn Manual Secuon 3, verslon 2 (lssued March 2009)
W|nd Gust Speed: 1he Aprlcus mounung frame ls cerued Lo dlerenL wlnd speeds and Lhls ls deLermlned by
Lhe reglon lL ls locaLed ln. 1he reglonal wlnd speeds are shown below:
- 8eglon A (non-Cyclonlc): 162 km/h.
- 8eglon 8 (non-Cyclonlc): 203 km/h.
- 8eglon C (Cyclonlc): 249km/h.
- 8eglon u (Cyclonlc): 316km/h.
1erra|n Category: 2, 3 and 4. 1erraln CaLegory 2 (1C2) ls characLerlzed as an open Lerraln wlLh only a few
scauered obsLrucuons Lo wlnd. Calculauons of wlnd load have assumed 1C2.
1opography: llaL Lopography. 1hls means LhaL Lhe lnLended lnsLall slLe can noL be locaLed on a hlll or escarp-
menL unless sub[ecLed Lo prlor addluonal englneerlng approval.

location classication
Non-cyclonic Classication

Cyclonic Classication

8.2.2 Insta||anon Cond|nons
lor mounung frame cerucauon Lo apply, Lhe followlng lnsLallauon condluons musL be meL.
8auen]ur||n
1
Spac|ng: 600, 900, 1300 or 1800mm.
8auen]ur||n Screws:
- 1lmber 8auens/urllns: 14C C6.3mm umber screw, wlLh mlnlmum 33 mm embedmenL lnLo bauens. Mlnlmum
[olnL group !4.
- SLeel 8auens/urllns: 14C C6.3mm Lek screw. Mlnlmum sLeel Lhlckness 0.73 mm, Crade C330.
- 1here ls an even number of screws per roof rall, so xlng polnLs should be equldlsLanL from Lhe roof rall. L.g. A ulL-
mounLed A-30 sysLem ln 8eglon C wlll requlre, 20 screws for Lhe rear roof rall. Slnce Lhere are 3 rear legs, Lhls ls
4 screws per rear leg. 1he screws should lnsLalled aL 60 mm aL 120 mm away from Lhe rear leg and on each slde.
- 1able 11, 12a and 12b show Lhe number of screws requlred per Lrack for a ush-mounLed and a ulL-mounLed sysLem
respecuvely.
Max|mum he|ght of |nsta||: 10 m above ground.
I|ush Mount: roof plLch needs Lo be 20-43 Lo Lhe horlzonLal.
- Lxlsung 8oof Check: Lhe sLrucLural adequacy of supporung roof members musL be conrmed by a pracuclng
sLrucLural englneer prlor Lo lnsLallauon, unless a roof rall ls used for every bauen locauon.
1||t Mount: roof plLch needs Lo be 0-10 Lo Lhe horlzonLal.
- 8eglon A and 8: Maxlmum ulL angle 43 Lo Lhe horlzonLal.
- 8eglon C: Maxlmum ulL angle 30 Lo Lhe horlzonLal.
- Lxlsung 8oof Check: a pracuclng sLrucLural englneer prlor Lo all lnsLallauons musL conrm Lhe sLrucLural adequacy
of supporung roof members.
Ldge Lxc|us|on 2ones - As per AS/nZS 1170.2:2011, Lhe ush mounLed and ulL-mounLed frame sysLems need
Lo be lnsLalled wlLhln Lhe lnLernal roof zone. 1he edge excluslon zones ls calculaLed from Lhe mlnlmum of
0.2x'u' (wldLh of Lhe bulldlng), 0.2x'8' (lengLh of Lhe bulldlng) and 'P' (average helghL of Lhe bulldlng).

llqote 29. Jqe exclosloo zooe

$
8oueos ooJ potllos ote tbe some compooeots ooJ ote osoolly locoteJ botlzootol, ot petpeoJlcolot to tbe toof pltcb. 1bls Jl[ets ftom tofets wblcb
.'( )2/*./(> -.'.11(1 /8 /F( '883 -2/;F"
1oble 11. 5ctew llxloq ooJ ltome coofqotouoos fot llosb MoooteJ 5ystems
number of Screw llxlngs 8equlred for Lhe lronL and 8ear 8oof 8all
Wlnd 8eglon Wlnd 8eglon A Wlnd 8eglon 8 Wlnd 8eglon C Wlnd 8eglon u
number
of lronL
1rack
no of llxlngs per 8oof
8all
number
of lronL
1rack
1oLal llxlngs per 8oof
8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8all
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
30 1ubes 3 6 6 3 6 6 3 10 20 3 10 20
22 1ubes 3 6 6 3 6 6 3 6 20 3 10 20
20 1ubes 3 6 6 3 6 6 3 6 20 3 10 20
10 1ubes 2 4 4 2 4 4 2 4 4 3 10 12
1oble 12o. 5ctew llxloq ooJ ltome coofqotouoos fot ltoot koof koll oo 1llt MoooteJ 5ystems
number of Screw llxlngs 8equlred for Lhe lronL 8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
no of llxlngs for lronL
8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8oof 8all
1llL mounL frames cannoL be
lnsLalled ln wlnd reglon u.
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
30 1ubes 3 6 6 3 10 10 3 10 10
22 1ubes 3 6 6 3 6 6 3 10 10
20 1ubes 3 6 6 3 6 6 3 10 10
10 1ubes 2 4 4 2 4 4 3 6 6
1oble 12b. 5ctew llxloq ooJ ltome coofqotouoos fot keot koof koll oo 1llt MoooteJ 5ystems
number of Screw llxlngs 8equlred for Lhe 8ear 8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
no of llxlngs for 8ear
8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8oof 8all
number
of lronL
1rack
8oof 8all
1llL mounL frames cannoL be
lnsLalled ln wlnd reglon u.
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
1 l m b e r
8auen
S L e e l
8auen
30 1ubes 3 12 12 3 20 20 3 20 40
22 1ubes 3 6 12 3 12 12 3 20 40
20 1ubes 3 6 12 3 12 12 3 20 30
10 1ubes 2 4 4 2 4 4 3 6 18
Max. lLch 43 degrees 43 degrees 30 degrees
8.3 Mounnng Irame Cernhcanon

J2011-0222.007

November 18
th
2011

Apricus Australia
PO Box 6109
Silverwater NSW 1811

Attention: Mr Attention: Mr Attention: Mr Attention: Mr Christopher Nheu Christopher Nheu Christopher Nheu Christopher Nheu

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CERTIFICATE

Project Description: Certification of Aluminium Mounting Frames and
Fixing Requirements for Apricus Australia for
30/22/20/10 Tube Manifolds

We, Partridge Partners Pty Limited, being professional Structural Engineers within the meaning of
the Building Code of Australia, hereby certify that we have reviewed the structural design of the
aluminium framing and fixing specifications for the Apricus Aluminium Mounting Frames for
30/22/20/10 evacuated tube manifolds as detailed in the Apricus Australia document
Aluminium Frame Certification Requirements and that the design is in accordance with the
relevant provisions of the Standard Building Codes, in particular AS/NZS1170.2:2011, and in
accordance with accepted engineering practice and principles.

Certified Document: AA-8.3.8.1-Al Frame Cert.-v1.2 Issue 1.1
Aluminium Frame Certification Requirements dated 12.11.12
by Apricus Australia

This certification is subject to the limitations imposed on the system by the manufacturer and as
detailed in the Certification Requirements. This document does not constitute structural
certification of the existing roof structure to which the mounting system is to be fixed.

This certificate shall not be construed as relieving the system manufacturer or installer of their
responsibilities, liabilities or contractual obligations

Rob OReilly Rob OReilly Rob OReilly Rob OReilly
BE(Hons) MIEAust CPEng NPER(Structural) RPEQ

For and on behalf of:
Partridge Structural Pty Ltd

8.4 Secnon 40 - Cernhcate of Comp||ance
L-mall: englneerlng[aprlcus.com.au for assoclaLed daLa sheeLs.
8.S Mounnng Irame Conhguranons
8.S.1 10 1ube I|ush Mount
1oble 1J. 10 1obe llosb Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (10 1ube - 2 1rack)
10 8oof 8all 2
AL-L 8rackeL 8
1op AuachmenL laLe 4
AL-lronL 1rack 2
Cllp lasLener 10
1ube Cllp 10
AL-8ouom 1rack 1
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 4
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8.S.2 10 1ube 1||t Mount
1oble 14. 10 1obe 1llt Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (10 1ube - 2 1rack)
10 8oof 8all 2
AL-L 8rackeL 8
30 or 43 8ear Leg 2
AL-8ear x 8race 2
1op AuachmenL laLe 4
AL 1rl-laLe 4
AL-lronL 1rack 2
AL-8ouom 1rack 1
Cllp lasLener 10
1ube Cllp 10
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 4
!
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2
0
2
5
SPACNG (1500mm or 1800mm)
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LO LEG POSTON
H LEG POSTON
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) 5+G !11-CH./I1 J:-1/ ( (
K !@A5B?AJ:-1/ ( (
L !@AMB+I1 5B-CD 9 9
E !@A"+11+. 5B-CD 4 4
N O:?G M-P1/I/B 4& 4&
4& 567/ O:?G 4& 4&
44 "+11+. !11-CH./I1 J:-1/ ( (
8.S.3 20]22 1ube I|ush Mount
!
#
B
1
8
0
0
1
5
0
0
595 595
297.5 297.5
1540
2
0
2
5
A
No. Name QTY(20 Tube,3 Leg) QTY(22 Tube,3 Leg) QTY(20 Tube,5 Leg) QTY(22 Tube,5 Leg)
1 20/22 Roof Rail 2 2 2 2
2 AL-L Bracket 12 12 20 20
3 Top Attachment Plate 6 6 10 10
4 AL-Front Track 3 3 5 5
5 Clip Fastener 20 22 20 22
6 Tube Clip 20 22 20 22
7 AL-Bottom Track 1 / 1 /
AL-Bottom Track / 1 / 1
8 Bottom Attachment Plate 6 6 10 10
1oble 15. 20/22 1obe llosb Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (20 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (22 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (20 1ube - S 1rack) ty (22 1ube - S 1rack)
20/22 8oof 8all 2 2 2 2
AL-L 8rackeL 12 12 20 20
1op AuachmenL laLe 6 6 10 10
AL-lronL 1rack 3 3 3 3
Cllp lasLener 20 22 20 22
1ube Cllp 20 22 20 22
AL-8ouom 1rack 1 1 1 1
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 6 6 10 10
8.S.4 20]22 1ube 1||t Mount
!
"
2
0
2
5
R
E
A
R

L
E
G

(
L
O

=

8
4
4
m
m
,

H

=

1
3
4
4
m
m
)
LO LEG POSTON
H LEG POSTON
! #
=30 =30 =30 =30 =45 =45 =45 =45
No. Name
QTY
(20 Tube,3 Leg)
QTY
(22 Tube,3 Leg)
QTY
(20 Tube,5 Leg)
QTY
(22 Tube,5 Leg)
QTY
(20 Tube,3 Leg)
QTY
(22 Tube,3 Leg)
QTY
(20 Tube,5 Leg)
QTY
(22 Tube,5 Leg)
1 20/22 Roof Rail 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 AL-L Bracket 12 12 20 20 12 12 20 20
3 30 Rear Leg 3 3 5 5 / / / /
45 Rear Leg / / / / 3 3 5 5
4 AL-Rear X Brace 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 Top Attachment Plate 6 6 10 10 6 6 10 10
6 AL-Tri-Plate 6 6 10 10 6 6 10 10
7 AL-Front Track 3 3 5 5 3 3 5 5
8 AL-Bottom Track 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 /
AL-Bottom Track / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
9 Clip Fastener 20 22 20 22 20 22 20 22
10 Tube Clip 20 22 20 22 20 22 20 22
11 Bottom Attachment Plate 6 6 10 10 6 6 10 10
1oble 16. 20/22 1obe 1llt Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (20 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (22 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (20 1ube - S 1rack) ty (22 1ube - S 1rack)
20/22 8oof 8all 2 2 2 2
AL-L 8rackeL 12 12 20 20
30 or 43 8ear Leg 3 3 3 3
AL-8ear x 8race 4 4 4 4
1op AuachmenL laLe 6 6 10 10
AL 1rl-laLe 6 6 10 10
AL-lronL 1rack 3 3 3 3
AL-8ouom 1rack 1 1 1 1
Cllp lasLener 20 22 20 22
1ube Cllp 20 22 20 22
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 6 6 10 10
8.S.S 30 1ube I|ush Mount
!
#
!
1
8
0
0
1
5
0
0
1890
472.5
945 945
2
0
2
5
2240
"
#$% #&'( )*+,-. 012(3-04&5678 )*+,-. 012(3904&5678
: -. ;$$< ;&=> ? ?
? "@A@A!4&56(* :? ?.
- 0$B "**&5C'(D* E>&*( F :.
G "@AH4$D* 04&56 - 9
9 I>=B H&7*(D(4 -. -.
F 012( I>=B -. -.
J "@A!$**$' 04&56 : :
K !$**$' "**&5C'(D* E>&*( F :.
1oble 17. J0 1obe llosb Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (30 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (30 1ube - S 1rack)
30 8oof 8all 2 2
AL-L 8rackeL 12 20
1op AuachmenL laLe 6 10
AL-lronL 1rack 3 3
Cllp lasLener 30 30
1ube Cllp 30 30
AL-8ouom 1rack 1 1
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 6 10
8.S.6 30 1ube 1||t Mount
!
"
2
0
2
5
R
E
A
R

L
E
G

(
L
O

=

8
4
4
m
m
,

H

=

1
3
4
4
m
m
)
LO LEG POSTON
H LEG POSTON
! "
$%&' $%&' $()' $()'
*+, *-./ 0123%& 456/7% 8/9: 012 3%& 456/7) 8/9: 0123%& 456/7% 8/9: 0123%& 456/7) 8/9:
; %& <++= <->8 ? ? ? ?
? !@A@A"B-CD/1 ;? ?& ;? ?&
% %&'</-B @/9 % )
()'</-B @/9 % )
( !@A</-B E "B-C/ ( ( ( (
) 4+F !11-CG./H1 I8-1/ J ;& J ;&
J !@A4B>AI8-1/ J ;& J ;&
K !@ALB+H1 4B-CD % ) % )
M !@A"+11+. 4B-CD ; ; ; ;
N O8>F L-P1/H/B %& %& %& %&
;& 456/ O8>F %& %& %& %&
;; "+11+. !11-CG./H1 I8-1/ J ;& J ;&
1oble 18. J0 1obe 1llt Mooot compooeots
Irame Component ty (30 1ube - 3 1rack) ty (30 1ube - S 1rack)
30 8oof 8all 2 2
AL-L 8rackeL 12 20
30 or 43 8ear Leg 3 3
AL-8ear x 8race 4 4
1op AuachmenL laLe 6 10
AL 1rl-laLe 6 10
AL-lronL 1rack 3 3
AL-8ouom 1rack 1 1
Cllp lasLener 30 30
1ube Cllp 30 30
8ouom AuachmenL laLe 6 10
8.6 Apr|cus Component Informanon
8.6.1 G|ass L|ned Storage 1ank Spec|hcanons
llqote J0. Closs lloeJ took loyoot
1oble 19. Closs lloeJ took speclfcouoos
Mode| 2S0 L 31S L 400 L
kated Capac|ty (L) 230 313 400
hys|ca| Vo|ume (L) 274 343 443
Dry we|ght 84 102 130
ort S|ze 3/4"
Max. 1hermostat
Semng
73C
Dead 8and 8C
L|ement kanng 3.6 kW
Cy||nder Warranty 10 ?ears
Safety Va|ve Semng 830 ka
Max. Supp|y pressure 600 ka
Anode Mater|a| Magneslum
Construcnon Mater|a| vlLreous Lnamel
!"# !"#
1oble 20. Closs lloeJ electtlc took Jlmeosloos
Measurements
(mm)
2S0L
8C1
2S0L
MID
31SL
8C1
31SL
MID
400L
8C1
400L
MID
ulameLer 648 648 648 648 731 731
PelghL 1388 1388 1682 1682 1731 1731
PW ouLleL 1167 1167 1470 1470 1474 1474
18v porL 1167 1167 1470 1470 1474 1474
1op sensor 739 739 841 841 841 841
Solar reLurn 364 432 364 309 364 364
8ouom sensor 369 303 369 342 369 369
Solar llow 174 174 174 174 174 174
Cold WaLer lnleL 74 74 74 74 74 74
LlemenL PelghL 170 434 170 333 190 691
1oble 21. Closs lloeJ qos took Jlmeosloos
Measurements
(mm)
2S0L
GAS
31SL
GAS
400L
GAS
ulameLer 648 648 731
PelghL 1388 1682 1731
PW ouLleL 1167 1470 1474
18v porL 1167 1470 1474
1op sensor 739 841 841
Solar reLurn 364 364 364
8ouom sensor 369 369 369
Solar llow 174 174 174
Cold WaLer lnleL 74 74 74
8.6.2 Sta|n|ess Stee| Storage 1ank Spec|hcanons
!"
!#
!$
!%
!&
!'
!(
!") !# "(+,
!
$) !
() !
% "&(-$,
!
&
) !
'
) "
"
$
,
#.+,
!.
+,
/+,
llqote J1. 5tololess steel took loyoot
1oble 22. 5tololess steel took speclfcouoos
Mode| 2S0 L 31S L 400 L
kated Capac|ty (L) 230 313 400
hys|ca| Vo|ume (L) 273 338 420
Dry we|ght 60 73 87
ort S|ze 3/4"
Max. 1hermostat
Semng
80C
Dead 8and 8C
L|ement kanng 3.6 kW
Cy||nder Warranty 13 ?ears
Safety Va|ve Semng 830 ka
Max. Supp|y pressure 330 ka
Anode Mater|a| n/A
Construcnon Mater|a| SLalnless 316 (2mm)
1oble 2J. 5tololess steel electtlc took Jlmeosloos
Measurements
(mm)
2S0L
8C1
2S0L
MID
31SL
8C1
31SL
MID
400L
8C1
400L
MID
ulameLer 700 700 700 700 700 700
PelghL 1232 1232 1331 1331 1832 1832
PW ouLleL 972 972 1291 1291 1343 1343
18v porL 972 972 1291 1291 1343 1343
1op sensor 972 972 1291 1291 1343 1343
Solar reLurn 399 449 319 636 629 629
8ouom sensor 172 172 172 172 163 163
Solar llow 172 172 172 172 163 163
Cold WaLer lnleL 172 172 172 172 163 163
LlemenL PelghL 412 642 333 732 649 786
1oble 24. 5tololess steel qos took Jlmeosloos
Measurements (mm) 2S0L
GAS
31SL
GAS
400L
GAS
ulameLer 700 700 700
PelghL 1232 1331 1832
PW ouLleL 972 1291 1343
18v porL 972 1291 1343
1op sensor porL 972 1291 1343
Solar reLurn porL 449 636 629
8ouom sensor 172 172 163
Solar ow 172 172 163
Cold waLer lnleL 172 172 163
8.6.3 Apr|cus ump Stanon D|mens|ons
! "
#
$
%
llqote J2. lomp stouoo covet loyoot
1oble 25. lomp stouoo Jlmeosloos
Measurements Labe| mm
Lld PelghL " 398
Lld WldLh 8 178
Lld # 96
8ase laLe PelghL $ 330
8ase laLe WldLh L 160
8.6.4 Apr|cus Gas 8ooster D|mens|ons
A
C D
B
llqote JJ. Cos boostet loyoot
1oble 26. Cos boostet Jlmeosloos
Measurements (mm) Labe| 20L]m|n 26L]m|n 32L]m|n
WldLh " 330 330 470
uepLh 8 194 180 244
PelghL - lnc. 8rackeLs # 371 623 644
PelghL - unlL $ 330 373 600
8.6.S Co||ector 1echn|ca| Spec|hcanons:
1echnlcal daLa on Aprlcus solar collecLor consLrucuon,
performance and physlcal speclcauons.
W
L
I2?*'( #E" 7811(;/8' 1.=8*/
1oble 27. collectot Jlmeosloos
Measurements Dry We|ght
Co||ector W|dth Length WC]1ubes W]1ubes
10 1ube 943 mm 2023 mm 11 kg 40 kg
20 1ube 1340 mm 2023 mm 18 kg 77 kg
22 1ube 1636 mm 2023 mm 20 kg 83 kg
30 1ube 2240 mm 2023 mm 24 kg 112 kg
Note. uty welqbts boseJ oo J ttock fosb mooot ftome.
1oble 28. Aptlcos Al-10 collectot 5peclfcouoos
Co||ector Mode|: A-10
Mater|a|s of Construcnon
LvacuaLed Lubes:
1.8mm 8oroslllcaLe 3.3 glass
Absorber: Al-n on Al on glass
PeaL plpes: Plgh purlLy copper
PeaL Lransfer ns: Alumlnlum
8ubber componenLs: P1v Slllcone rubber
SLalnless mounung frame: 439 SLalnless sLeel
Alumlnlum mounung frame: 6003-13 Anodlsed AL
Manlfold caslng: 3003-P16 Anodlsed AL
erformance Data:
ldeal ow raLe: <1 L/mln
Max ow raLe: 13 L/mln
eak power ouLpuL: 648W *
LLa0: 0.687 *
a1 (W/m
2
k): 1.303 *
a2 (W/m
2
k): 0.0111 *
*uaLa from l1W reporL 09CCL803. CalculaLed aL mldday.
hys|ca| Spec|hcanons
AperLure area: 0.94m
2
Cross area: 1.37m
2
Cross dry welghL: 34.8kg
lluld capaclLy: 300ml
Max pressure: 800ka
SLagnauon LemperaLure: 220C
A-10 Co||ector erformance
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n

E
f
f
c
i
e
n
c
y
Delta-T (tm-ta)
o
C
Solar Radiation = 800W/m
2
A2-07.10.2 - January 2012
2 x BOX-ET/HP-10/10 (Tubes and heat pipes)
1oble 29. Aptlcos Al-20 collectot 5peclfcouoos
LvacuaLed Lubes:
erformance Data:
ldeal ow raLe: <1.3 L/mln
LLa0: 0.687 *
a1 (W/m
2
k): 1.303 *
a2 (W/m
2
k): 0.0111 *
* uaLa from l1W reporL 09CCL803. CalculaLed aL mldday
2
Cross area: 3m
2
Max pressure: 800ka
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n

E
f
f
c
i
e
n
c
y
Delta-T (tm-ta)
o
C
2
A2-07.10.2 - January 2012
1oble J0. Aptlcos Al-22 collectot 5peclfcouoos
LvacuaLed Lubes:
erformance Data:
ldeal ow raLe: <1.3 L/mln
LLa0: 0.687 *
a1 (W/m
2
k): 1.303 *
a2 (W/m
2
k): 0.0111 *
2
Cross area: 3.28m
2
Max pressure: 800ka
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n

E
f
f
c
i
e
n
c
y
Delta-T (tm-ta)
o
C
2
A2-07.10.2 - January 2012
1oble J1. Aptlcos Al-J0 collectot 5peclfcouoos
LvacuaLed Lubes:
erformance Data:
ldeal ow raLe: 2 L/mln
LLa0: 0.687 *
a1 (W/m
2
k): 1.303 *
a2 (W/m
2
k): 0.0111 *
2
Cross area: 4.4m
2
Cross dry welghL: 93kg
Max pressure: 800ka
Technical Information
Part Codes
APSE-30 Solar Collector Complete is comprised of:
1 x APSE-30-KIT (Manifold and standard frame)
Applications
The Apricus APSE-30 collector is designed to be used in a wide
variety of solar thermal (heat) applications in almost any climate.
The evacuated tube and heat pipe technology provides very
effcient and reliable solar thermal production in a simple to install,
low maintenance design.
Features
Twin glass evacuated tube (passive solar tracking)
Freeze protected heat pipes
NSF 61 certifed copper header
22mm OD copper inlet/outlet connections
Recycled glass wool manifold insulation
10 year warranty on tubes and heat pipes
15 year warranty on copper header and SS frame
Effcient performance at high differential temperatures
Materials of Construction
Evacuated Tubes: Borosilicate 3.3 Glass
Absorber: Al-N on Al on Glass
Heat Pipes: High purity copper
Heat Transfer Fins: Aluminum
Rubber Components: HTV Silicone Rubber
Mounting Frame: 439 Stainless Steel
Manifold Casing: 5005-H16 Anodized AL
Performance Data
Ideal Flow Rate: 1-3 L/mim
Max Flow Rate: 15L/min
Peak Power Output: 1944kW *
Eta0: 0.687 *
a1 (W/m
2
K): 1.505 *
a2 (W/m
2
K): 0.0111 *
* Data from ITW report 09COL805
PhysicaI Specications
Aperture Area: 2.83m
2
Gross Area: 4.4m
2
Gross Dry Weight: 95kg
Fluid Capacity: 710ml
Max Pressure: 800kPa
Stagnation Temperature: 220
o
C
Certications
OG-100: 100-2007033A
FSEC: 00442N
IAPMO USEC: S-5995
Solarkeymark: 011-7S161 R
AS2712:2007: 100633
NSF-61 Tested: 17248
CSA: 2375921
APSE-30 Solar Collector
Collector Performance
Pressure Drop
Sustainable HOT WATER Solutions, Delivered by APRICUS
Apricus Solar Co., Ltd
19 Pu Si Road, Pukou New & High Tech Development Zone, Nanjing, China, 210061 Ph: +86 25 58649133 Fax: +86 25 58648103
service@apricus.com www.apricus.com
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Flow rate (L/min)
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

D
r
o
p

(
k
P
a
)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n

E
f
f
c
i
e
n
c
y
Delta-T (tm-ta)
o
C
2
A2-07.10.1 - January 2012
8.7 Apr|cus Warranty Informanon
vlslL www.aprlcus.com.au for Lhe mosL up-Lo-daLe verslon
of Lhe Aprlcus WarranLy ollcy.
lor all warranLy servlce requesLs or lssues, please call
Aprlcus AusLralla on 1300 277 428 or emall warranLy[
aprlcus.com.au
1hank ou Ior Choos|ng Apr|cus Austra||a
Apricus Australia Pty Ltd | ABN: 12 111 285 271 | PO Box 6109 Silverwater NSW 1811
Ph: 1300 277 428 | Fax: 02 9475 0092 | sales@apricus.com.au

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