PR 1 (kelompok)

Termodinamika Teknik I
Dosen: Dr. Ir. I Made Astina, M.Eng.
Semester I 2013/2014
Kumpul: sebelum kuliah dimulai, tempat: di Ruang Kuliah

1 Kelompok maksimum 5 orang.

Kerjakan kelima soal berikut

1. The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 mbars at the beginning of a hiking
trip and 780 mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of altitude on local
gravitational acceleration, determine the vertical distance climbed. Assume an
average air density of 1.20 kg/m
3
.

2. A man goes to a traditional market to buy a steak for dinner. He finds a 12-oz
steak (1 lbm =16 oz) for $3.15. He then goes to the adjacent international market
and finds a 320-g steak of identical quality for $2.80. Which steak is the better
buy?

3. A manometer is used to measure the air pressure in a tank. The fluid used has a
specific gravity of 1.25, and the differential height between the two arms of the
manometer is 28 in. If the local atmospheric pressure is 12.7 psia, determine the
absolute pressure in the tank for the cases of the manometer arm with the (a)
higher and (b) lower fluid level being attached to the tank.

4. When buildings have large exhaust fans, exterior doors can be difficult to open
due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside. Do you think you
could open a 3- by 7-ft door if the inside pressure were 1 in. of water (vacuum)?

5. At 45 latitude, the gravitational acceleration as a function of elevation z above
sea level is given by g = a - bz, where a =9.807 m/s
2
and b =3.3210
6
s
2
.
Determine the height above sea level where the weight of an object will decrease
by 1 percent.

6. Refrigerant 22 vapor enters the compressor of a refrigeration system at an
absolute pressure of 0.1379 MPa. A pressure gage at the compressor exit indicates
a pressure of 1.93 MPa (gage). The atmospheric pressure is 0.1007 MPa.
Determine the change in absolute pressure from inlet to exit, in MPa, and the ratio
of exit to inlet pressure.

7. Consider an alcohol and a mercury thermometer that read exactly 0C at the ice
point and 100C at the steam point. The distance between the two points is
divided into 100 equal parts in both thermometers. Do you think these
thermometers will give exactly the same reading at a temperature of, say, 60C?
Explain.

8. The absolute pressure inside tank is 0.4 bars and the surrounding atmospheric
pressure is 98 kPa. What reading would a Bourdon gauge mounted in the tank
wall give, in kPa? Is this in a gauge or vacuum reading?

9. Blood pressure is usually measured by wrapping a closed air-filled jacket
equipped with a pressure gage around the upper arm of a person at the level of the
heart. Using a mercury manometer and a stethoscope, the systolic pressure (the
maximum pressure when the heart is pumping) and the diastolic pressure (the
minimum pressure when the heart is resting) are measured in mm Hg. The
systolic and diastolic pressures of a healthy person are about 120 mm Hg and 80
mm Hg, respectively, and are indicated as 120/80. Express both of these gage
pressures in kPa, psi, and meter water column.


10. A gas is contained in a vertical, frictionless pistoncylinder device. The piston has
a mass of 4 kg and a cross-sectional area of 35 cm
2
. A compressed spring above
the piston exerts a force of 60 N on the piston. If the atmospheric pressure is 95
kPa, determine the pressure inside the cylinder.




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