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PREFACE
Assalamu alaikum. Alhamdu lillah, we have finally completed the version (Dated: 6th February 2008) of this
work that provides you with charts on Rules of Tajweed. We don’t claim to be an expert in this area but we have
tried our best to develop this tajweed material by referring to few books. We believe that this material would be
useful to those who are teaching Tajweed. Also, this can be used as a reference material. In order to develop this
material, we have referred to the following books:
1. Moulana Muhammad Ibrahim Sahib Baaqavi, Hidayathus sifyan fi tajweedil Quran, Haadi Publishers,
Chennai, India. [In Tamil]
2. Dr. Abdul-majid Khan, Tajwid: The art of recitation of the Holy Quran, Urdu Academy Sind, Karachi,
Pakistan. [In English]
.3 ﻋّﺰت ﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﺪﻋﺎس, ﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ
ّ ﻓ, Dar Ibn Hajam, Beirut, Lebanon. [In Arabic]
4. Umm Muhammad, A Brief Introduction to Tajweed, Abul-Qasim Publishing House, Jeddah. [In English]
We ask Allah to forgive our shortcomings and accept our efforts. Please provide us with suggestions and/or
comments for further improvement. We acknowledge the help of many brothers and sisters in the preparation of
this document. May Allah reward them all, aameen.
Please remember us and our parents in your prayers.
ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
PLACES OF ARTICULATION
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ
RULES OF RULES OF
LETTERS STOPPING
2
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
THE RULES OF LETTERS
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺪ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ
RULES OF RULES OF RULES OF MEEM RULES OF NOON RULES OF
ASSIMILATION MADD SAKINAH SAKINAH AND TANWEEN LAAM
ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ
CLOSE PLACE OF IQLAAB
ARTICULATION
ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ
LAAM TA'RIF
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
THE RULES OF LETTERS [Contd ...]
3
WAYS TO START RECITING
SURAHS
PERMITTED WAYS
TO RECITE
WAY NOT
PERMITTED WAYS
PERMITTED TO
TO RECITE
RECITE
4
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ
RULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER NOON SAKINAH OR TANWEEN
ٍ ًـ ـ
ـ ٌ , ﹾﻥ
NOON SAKINAH OR TANWEEN
Exceptions in Idghaam:
1. Idghaam does not apply in one word [ ﻳﺲand ] ﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻏﻨﺔ
ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻏﻨﺔ
ﻳﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ (With Stress)
(Without Stress)
ﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻄﺮﻭﻥ
ﻥﻡﻭﻱ
ﻝﺭ
2. Idghaam does not apply if there is sakta between the words
ٍ ﺭﺍ ﻦﻣ ﹶﻞﻭﻗِﻴ
ﻕ
3. If ﻭOR ﻱappears in same word after ْﻥ, Read clearly ()ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺣ ْﻴ ٌﻢ
ِ ﻏ ُﻔ ْﻮ ٌر َر
َ,ﻚَ ﻦ َﻟ ُﺪ ْﻧ
ْ ِﻣ
ﻭﻟﹶِﻌ ﻭﺍﺰﻫ , ﻭﺍٍﻝ ﻦِﻣ
ﺐ ﻢﺭِﺣﻴ ﺭﻮ ﹶﻏﹸﻔ, ﻚ ﺪﻧﻦ ﻟﹶِﻣ
ﻮﺍﹲﻥﺎ ﻗِﻨﻴﺩﻧ 5
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ
RULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER MEEM SAKINAH
ﻡ
MEEM SAKINAH
ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ
QALQALAH
ﻗﻄﺐ ﺟﺪ
ﻛﱪ ﻯ
ﺻﻐﺮﻯ
[STRONG ECHO]
[WEAK ECHO]
IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH
IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH
CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN
CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN APPEARS
APPEARS AT THE END OF A WORD
IN THE MIDDLE OF A WORD
AND WHEN WE STOP AT IT
ﺭﺪﺍِﻣﹾﻘ ﺜﹶﺎِﻣﻴ
ﻕ
7
ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
RULES OF IDGHAAM
ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ
IDGHAAM
IF SUKUN IS FOLLOWED
BY ِ- OR ُ- OR َ-
ﺎﺿﺒ
ِ ﻐﺎﻣ ﺐ
ﻫﺇِﹾﺫ ﱠﺫ ﺭ ﻗﹸﹾﻞ
ﺏ ﻮﻤﺇِﹾﺫ ﱠﻇﻠﹶ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ
RULES OF 'RAA'
BOTH TYPE
ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ
STRONG &
STRONG SOFT
SOFT
ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ
SOFT
ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ
STRONG SOFT
ﻮﺭﻭﺍﻟﱡﻄ ﺮﺼﻴ
ِ ﺍﹶﻟﹾﺒ ﺭﺍﹶﻥ ﹾﻞﻼ ﺑ
ﹶﻛ ﱠ
10
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ
RULES FOR READING ALIF
READING ALIF
ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ
STRONG SOFT
IF CHARACTERS OTHER
IF ANYONE OF THE ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ
THAN ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ
CHARACTERS ()ﻕ ﻅ ﻁ ﻍ ﺽ ﺹ ﺥ
CHARACTERS APPEAR
APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ
BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF
ALIF STRONGLY
SOFTLY
ﻋﺼﻰ ﻋﺴﻰ
11
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺪ
RULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [1]
ـَ ﺍﹾ, ﻱ
ِ ـ, ﻭ ُـ
RULES OF MADD
ﺪ ﺑﺪﻝﻣ ﺪ ﻋﻮﺽﻣ
MADD BADAL MADD IWADH MADD SHOULD BE
ﺎﻨﻭﺗِﻴﺍﹸ FOLLOWED BY SUKUN
MADD LETTER IS ALIF REPLACES [ ْ ] ـOR HAMZAH []ﺀ
PRECEEDED BY FATHATAIN WHEN
HAMZAH ONE STOPS ON IT
Contd ... 12
ﺷﺎَﺀ ﻬﺎﻮﺍ ﺍِﻧﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸ
ﺪﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ
RULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [2]
ﺪ ﻻﺯﻡﻣ
MADD LAAZIM
ﺪ ﻋﺎﺭﺽﻣ
MADD AARIDH
READING IN ANYONE TYPE IS
OUR CHOICE [BE CONSISTENT]
Elongation in
Examples Explanation Name of Madd S. No.
Counts ()ﺣﺮآﺔ
ﲰﺂﺀ, ﺳﻰﺀ, ﺟﺂﺀ, ﺷﺎﺀ 5 ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﺪand ﺀappear adjacently in one word ﺼﻞﺪ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﻣﺘﻣ 1
ﺁﻵﹶﻥis actually ﺍﹶﺍﹶﻵﹶﻥ 6 ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﺪis followed by sukun [ ْ] ـ ﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﳐﻔﻒ ﻛﻠﻤﻰﻣ 6
ﻣﺔ ﺍﹶﻟﱠﻄـﺂ, ﻦﻭﹶﻻ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﱠﻟﱢﻴ 6 ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﺪis followed by saddha in one word ﺪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻣﺜﹼﻘﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﻰﻣ 7
ﻀِﺮ
ﺏ ﺑِِﻪ ﺍﹾﻥ ﻳ 6 Haa Dameer ( )ﻩis followed by ء ﺪ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔﻣ 11
ﻪ ﻗﹸﹾﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﹼـ, ﻦﺮﻳﻗﹸﹾﻞ ﺍﻟﹼﺬﹶﻛ 6 Hamzah Isthifham ( )أis followed by Shaddah ﺪ ﻓﺮﻕﻣ 13
ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﲔ
HURUF LEEN ﻧﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﲏ
NOON QUTNI
ﻭ َ ـ, ﻱ
َـ
15
ﺼﻠﺔ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟ
RULES OF SILAH
Exception: IF ﱂAPPEARS
Exception: DHAMMAH OF BEFORE ﻓﻌﻞ, THEN ﻱAT THE
ﻩIS NOT ELONGATED IF KASRAH COMES END WILL BE REMOVED.
IF FATHAH OR
BEFORE ﻩ, READ SO, THERE IS NO
DHAMMAH COMES
ﻪ ﻟﹶﹸﻜﻢﺿ
ﺮﻭﺍ ﻳﺮﺸﹸﻜ
ﻭﺇﹾﻥ ﺗ LIKE ﻱOF ﺪﻣ ELONGATION
BEFORE ﻩ, READ LIKE ﻭ
IN SURAH ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮ OF ﺪﻣ
ﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲIS READ AS ﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻪ
ﺑِِﻪ ﻪﻌﻣ
Exception: IFANYTHING EXCEPT ﻱ Exception: SUKUN APPEARS Exception: DHAMMAH APPEARS ON ﻩ
WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ﻩ, ON ﻩINSTEAD OF KASRAH INSTEAD OF KASRAH
READ ﻩWITH DHAMMAH
ﻪ ﺃﺭﺟIN SURAH ﺃﻋﺮﺍﻑ ﻪﺴﺎﻧِﻴ
ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻧIN SURAH ﻛﻬﻒ
ﻪِﻣﻨ ﻪ ﻓﹶﺄﻟﹾِﻘIN SURAH ﳕﻞ
ﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴIN SURAH ﻓﺘﺢ
GENERAL RULE: IF A LETTER WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ﻩ, THEN WE WON'T READ
ELONGATEDLY
16
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ
RULES OF HAMZAH
RULES OF HAMZAH
ﻓﹶﺎﹾﻃﻠﹸ
ﺐ ﻢﻬﺭﺗﹶﺬَﺀﺍﹶﻧ
IF ﻓﻌﻞBEGINS WITH ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞAND IF THE WORD BEGINS WITH IF ﺍﺳﻢBEGINS WITH
IF ﻓﻌﻞBEGINS WITH ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞAND
THIRD LETTER OF THE WORD DEFINITE ARTICLE ﺍﻝ, THEN ﳘﺰﺓ ﻭﺻﻞ, THEN
THIRD LETTER OF THE WORD IS
IS FATHAH OR KASRAH, THEN FATHAH IS GIVEN TO KASRAH IS GIVEN
DHAMMAH, THEN DHAMMAH IS
KASRAH IS GIVEN TO HAMZAH TO HAMZAH
GIVEN TO HAMZAH
HAMZAH
ﺪﻤﺤ
ﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﹾﻭﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸ ﻀﻠﻠﹶﹶﺔ
ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺘِﺍ ﻦ ﺍﷲِﻣ ﹶﻞﻗﹸِﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠﻴ
EXCEPTION:
ﺍﱠﱂ ﺍﷲIN ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥSHOULD BE
READ WITH FATHAH
18
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ
RULES OF STOPPING
STOP ﲔ
ﻧﺴﺘﻌAS ﲔ
ﻧﺴﺘﻌ STOP ﺪﺍ ﺍﺣAS ﺪﺍﺍﺣ STOP ﺼﻠﻮﺓ
ﺍﹶﻟAS ﺼﻠﻮﻩ
ﺍﹶﻟ
GENERAL RULE:
1. ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡSTOPPED AT ﺠﻞ
ﻭﻗﻒ ﻣﻨ 1. WE MUST STOP AT م. IF NOT, THE MEANING WILL CHANGE.
2. PREFER STOPPING AT 2. FOR NOTATIONS OTHER THAN م: IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE TO READ CONTINUOUSLY,
ﻭﻗﻒ ﻏﻔﺮﺍﻥ YOU CAN STOP AT ANY PLACE. BUT WHILE CONTINUING, WE SHOULD REPEAT ONE OR
3. PREFER NON-STOP AT TWO WORDS PRECEEDING THE PLACE AT WHICH WE STOPPED.
ﻭﻗﻒ ﻛﻔﺮﺍﻥ
19
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺳﻜﺘﺔ
RULES OF SAKTA
ﻼ ﺑﻞ
ﻛ ﹼIN SURAH ﻣﻄﻔﻔﲔ
ACCORDING TO SOME
SCHOLARS
20
ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
THE PLACES OF ARTICULATION
ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ
THE PLACES OF ARTICULATION
ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﺜﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻟﻘﻴﺔ
LABIAL (LIP) INTER-DENTAL ALVEO-DENTAL DENTAL ALVEOLAR
CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS CONSONANTS
21
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