AS 11631991

Australian Standard

Structural steel hollow sections

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This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/23, Structural Steel. It was
approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 30 August 1991 and
published on 15 November 1991.
The following interests are represented on Committee BD/23:
Australian Chamber of Manufacturers
Australian Institute of Steel Construction
AUSTROADS
Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia
Confederation of Australian Industry
Institute of Steel Service Centres of Australia
Master Builders Construction and Housing Association Australia
Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia
Railways of Australia Committee
Steel Reinforcement Institute of Australia
University of Queensland
University of Sydney
Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject
to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new edit ions as necessary. It is
important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any
amendments thereto.
Full detail s of all Australi an Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australi a
Catalogue of Publications; this informati on is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australi an
Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publi cati ons, new edit ions
and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggesti ons for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head off ice of Standards Australi a,
are welcomed. Noti fi cati on of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made
without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.
This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 90108.
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AS 11631991
Australian Standard

Structural steel hollow sections

First publi shed as AS A1771969.
Revised and redesignated AS 11631973.
AS A177 wit hdrawn 1976.
Second editi on AS 11631981.
Thir d editi on 1991.
Incorporating:
Amdt 11992
Amdt 21996
PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 7109 8
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AS 11631991 2
PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on Structural Steel to supersede
AS 11631981. This edition incorporates the following changes:
(a) The deletion of C200 and all H (hot-formed) grades. The inclusion of a new cold-formed grade
C450 and grades with guaranteed impact performance at 0C, namely C250L0, C350L0 and
C450L0.
In line with the above change, the tensile strengths of grades C250 and C350 are reduced to reflect
the properties obtained on cold-formed sections.
(b) A revised table on chemical analysis.
(c) An amended table on minimum inside radius.
(d) A revised table on tensile test requirements.
(e) The deletion of the previous Appendix B on rounding of numbers in lieu of reference to AS 2706.
CONTENTS
Page
1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4 DESIGNATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5 STEELMAKING PROCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7 DIMENSIONS, MASS AND GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
8 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
9 MASS TOLERANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
10 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
11 REMOVAL OF SURFACE DEFECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
12 REMOVAL OF UPSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
13 MECHANICAL TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
14 PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES FOR MECHANICAL TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
15 MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
16 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
17 ROUNDING OF NUMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
18 MARKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
APPENDICES
A PURCHASING GUIDELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
B MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD . . . . . . . 11
C DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES OF CROSS-SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
D METHOD FOR VERIFYING GRADE L0 COMPLIANCE OF THIN WALL SECTIONS 24
Copyri ght STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
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3 AS 11631991
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
Structural steel hollow sections
1 SCOPE This Standard specifies the requirements for cold-formed steel hollow sections for structural
purposes, for the six grades of steel that are suitable for welding.
NOTES:
1 For guideli nes on information to be supplied at the time of enquir y or order, see Appendix A.
2 Alternative means for demonstr ating compliance with this Standard are given in Appendix B.
2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard:
AS
1050 Methods for the analysis of iron and steel
1171 Methods for magnetic particle testing of ferromagnetic products and components
1199 Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes
1210 SAA Unfired Pressure Vessels Code
1213 Iron and steel Methods of sampling
1391 Methods for tensile testing of metals
1399 Guide to AS 1199 Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes
1544 Methods for impact tests on metals
1544.2 Part 2: Charpy V-notch
1553 Covered electrodes for welding
1554 SAA Structural Steel Welding Code
1554.1 Part 1: Welding of steel structures
2084 Non-destructive testing Eddy current testing of metal tubes
3900 Quality systems Guide to selection and use
3904 Quality management and quality system elements
K1 Methods for the sampling and analysis of iron and steel
ISO
2566 Steel Conversion of elongation values
2566-1 Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels
Guide 44 General rules of ISO or IEC international third-party certification schemes for products
3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply.
3.1 Batch hollow sections of the same size, thickness and grade manufactured from the same cast.
3.2 Cast analysis chemical analysis determined from a test sample taken during casting.
3.3 Cold-formed hollow section hollow sections formed and shaped at ambient temperature from a
single strip of steel, both edges of which are continuously welded by either the electric resistance or
submerged arc process.
3.4 Longitudinal directiondirection parallel to the longitudinal weld.
3.5 Product analysis chemical analysis determined from a test sample of the finished material.
3.6 Testing mechanical and chemical analysis tests as required by this Standard.
3.7 Test piecepiece prepared for testing, made from a test specimen by a mechanical operation.
3.8 Test sample portion of material or product or a group of items selected from a batch or group by
sampling.
3.9 Test specimenportion or a single item taken from the test sample for the purpose of applying a
particular test.
3.10 Transverse directiondirection at right angles to the longitudinal weld.
3.11 Unit length of hollow section.
4 DESIGNATION All grades shall be designated as follows:
Example: AS 1163C250L0
where
AS 1163 = number of this Standard
C = cold-formed sections
250 = nominal minimum yield strength of steel
L = guaranteed impact properties of the material
0 = low temperature impact test at 0C
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AS 11631991 4
5 STEELMAKING PROCESS The steel shall be made to fine-grained continuously-cast practice.
6 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
6.1 General The method of sampling for chemical analysis shall be in accordance with AS 1213.
Chemical composition shall be determined in accordance with AS 1050 or AS K1.
6.2 Cast analysis A chemical analysis of the steel from each cast shall be made to determine the
proportions of the specified elements.
The reported cast analysis of the steel from which a hollow section is manufactured shall conform to the
limits given in Table 1 for the appropriate grade.
6.3 Product analysis The chemical analysis of the finished product is not a requirement of this Standard.
When the steel is subject to a product analysis, the analysis shall conform to the limits given in Table 1
for the appropriate grade.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Grades
(see Note 1)
Chemical composit ion (cast or product analysis) (see Note 2)
% max.
C Si Mn P S Mo
Al
(see Note 3)
Ti
Mi cro-alloying
elements
CE
(see Note 4)
C250
C250L0
0.12 0.05 0.50 0.040 0.030 0.10 0.10 0.04
0.030
(see Note 6)
0.25
C350
C350L0
0.20
(see Note 5)
0.25 1.60 0.040 0.030 0.10 0.10
0.15
(see Note 7)
0.39
C450
C450L0
0.20 0.45 1.60 0.040 0.030 0.35 0.10
0.15
(see Note 7)
0.39
NOTES:
1 The use of sulfi de modifi cati on steelmaking techniques for these grades is permi tt ed.
2 The foll owing elements may be present to the limit s stated, subject to a total content of 0.3 percent:
(a) Copper: 0.15 percent
(b) Nickel: 0.15 percent
(c) Chromi um: 0.15 percent
3 Limi ts specifi ed are for soluble or total aluminium.
4 Carbon equivalent (CE) is calculated from the foll owing equation:
5 At the discretion of the manufacturer, the carbon content (C) of grades C350 and C350L0 may be increased to 0.26 percent
provided all other requir ements are met.
6 Applies to niobium and vanadium only. However niobium greater than 0.010 percent is not permit ted.
7 Applies to niobium, vanadium and ti tanium only. However vanadium greater than 0.10 percent is not permi tt ed.
7 DIMENSIONS, MASS AND GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES Appendix C gives dimensions, mass
and geometrical properties of common sizes of hollow sections produced in accordance with Table 1.
8 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
8.1 Length The maximum permissible variation in the length of a hollow section product specified as
exact or cut shall conform to the limits given in Table 2. When it is not specified as exact or cut, the
maximum permissible variation from the length is +100, 0 mm.
TABLE 2
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN LENGTH
SPECIFIED AS EXACT OR CUT
Range of length
m
Maximum permissible variation in length
mm
14 + 6
0
> 14 to 18 + 10
0
> 18 Not specifi ed
(see Note)
NOTE: Tolerances should be specifi ed at time of order.
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5 AS 11631991
8.2 Cross-section The maximum permissible variation in the cross-sectional dimensions of a hollow
section shall conform to the appropriate limits given in Figures 1 and 2.
A thickness tolerance of 10 percent shall apply.
The radii of the corners of square hollow sections (SHS) and rectangular hollow sections (RHS) shall be
as follows:
(a) Maximum outside radius: 3t.
(b) Minimum outside radius: 1.5t (for RHS and SHS with perimeter equal to 50 50 or less).
1.8t (for RHS and SHS with perimeter greater than 50 50).
where t is the section thickness, in millimetres.
mi ll imetres
Specif ied outside
diameter
(d
o
)
Maximum permissible
variation in specifi ed outside
diameter
50 +0.4
0.8
>50 0.01d
o
FIGURE 1 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLEVARIATION IN CROSS-SECTION OF
CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS
Outside dimension of side
(b) or (d)
Maximum permissible variation
in specif ied outside dimension
of side
Maximum permissible out- of-
square at corners
mm mm degree
50 0.5
1
>50 0.01b or 0.01d
FIGURE 2 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLEVARIATION IN CROSS-SECTION OF
SQUARE AND RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS
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AS 11631991 6
8.3 Straightness The maximum permissible variation from straightness in a length of hollow section
product shall not exceed:
8.4 Twist (rectangular sections) For rectangular hollow sections, the maximum value of V (see Figure 3)
shall not exceed 2 mm plus 0.5 mm per metre length.
9 MASS TOLERANCE The mass of a length of hollow section shall be not less than 0.96 times the
specified mass.
10 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS The section shall be free from lamination, surface flaws and other
defects detrimental to its use for structural purposes.
11 REMOVAL OF SURFACE DEFECTS
11.1 Grinding When removal of surface defects by grinding is adopted, the ground area shall be well
flared and the remaining wall thickness in the ground area shall be not less than 90 percent of the nominal
thickness.
11.2 Depositing weld metal Welding used in the repair of surface defects shall be performed in
accordance with AS 1554.1, using low-hydrogen electrodes complying with AS 1553.
Welds shall be sound, the weld metal being thoroughly fused without undercutting or overlap. The weld
metal shall project at least 1.5 mm above the rolled surface and the projecting metal shall be removed by
grinding flush with the rolled surface.
12 REMOVAL OF UPSET Hollow sections produced by electric resistance welding shall have the
external upset removed.
13 MECHANICAL TESTING
13.1 General Test pieces for tensile tests, impact tests and cold flattening tests shall be taken from a
single test specimen.
Test pieces shall be in the same condition as the sections that they represent.
13.2 Orientation of test pieces
13.2.1 Tensile test and impact test The test piece shall be cut such that the major axis is in the
longitudinal direction.
13.2.2 Cold flattening test The test piece shall be cut in the transverse direction.
13.3 Position and orientation of test piece
13.3.1 Tensile test and impact test The test piece shall be selected from any position along the length of
the test specimen such that the requirements of Clause 13.1 are complied with.
13.3.2 Cold flattening test A test piece shall be cut from one end of a test specimen which contains a
longitudinal weld.
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7 AS 11631991
14 PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES FOR MECHANICAL TESTING
14.1 General It shall be permissible to discard a test piece which shows defective machining or develops
flaws during preparation and to submit another test piece.
14.2 Tensile test pieces
14.2.1 Form of test piece The tensile test piece shall be in the form given in either Item (a) or (b) below:
(a) A test piece with dimensions conforming to those specified in AS 1391, cut from the test specimen.
The location of the test piece shall be as specified in Clause 14.2.2 or Clause 14.2.3, as appropriate.
(b) A length of the full section test specimen.
The test piece shall be aged in accordance with Clause 14.4.
14.2.2 Circular hollow sections (CHS) The tensile test piece cut from a test specimen shall not be
flattened between gauge marks. For a length of circular hollow section containing a longitudinal weld,
the test piece shall be taken from approximately 90 degrees from the weld.
14.2.3 Rectangular hollow sections (RHS) The tensile test piece cut from a test specimen shall be taken
from any side midway between and excluding the corners. The test piece shall not include a longitudinal
weld.
14.3 Impact test piece Three test pieces shall be prepared from each specimen and cut parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the hollow section, with the axis of the notch perpendicular to the rolled surface of
the section. For rectangular hollow sections, the test specimen shall be taken from the middle of either
the long or short side remote from the weld (see Figure 4). The test piece shall be prepared in accordance
with AS 1544.2 using, where necessary, the largest practicable subsidiary test piece. It shall be
permissible to discard a test piece which shows defective machining or develops flaws and to submit
another test piece.
14.4 Ageing treatment Prior to tensile or impact testing, the test pieces shall be aged by heating to a
temperature between 150C and 200C for a period not less than 15 min.
14.5 Cold flattening test The test piece shall be taken in the form of a cross-section from one end of
a finished length of a circular hollow section which contains a longitudinal weld. The length of the test
piece shall be not less than 40 mm. All burrs shall be removed before testing.
15 MECHANICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS
15.1 Tensile test The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with AS 1391. The rate of straining
when approaching the yield point shall lie within the highest range of strain rate given in AS 1391.
Elongation results shall be reported on a gauge length L
o
= 5.65 S
o
where S
o
is the original cross-sectional
area. Conversion of results from a non-proportional gauge length shall be in accordance with ISO 2566-1.
15.2 Impact test Impact tests shall be performed at 0C in accordance with AS 1544.2.
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AS 11631991 8
15.3 Cold flattening test The flattening test piece shall be flattened at room temperature between two
parallel plane surfaces with the weld located as follows in relation to the direction of flattening:
(a) For d
o
60 mm: at 45 degrees
(b) For d
o
> 60 mm: at 90 degrees
where d
o
is the nominal outside diameter of the circular hollow section, in millimetres.
The test piece shall be flattened until the distance between the surfaces is 0.75d
o
.
16 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
16.1 Tensile test When tested in accordance with Clause 15.1, the yield strength, tensile strength and
elongation of the test piece shall conform to the limits given in Table 3 for the appropriate grade.
16.2 Impact test When tested in accordance with Clause 15.2, the absorbed energy value (J) resulting
from
(a) each individual test; and
(b) the average of three tests;
shall conform to the specified values given in Table 4 for the appropriate grade.
16.3 Cold flattening test When tested in accordance with Clause 15.3, a test piece taken from a circular
section with a longitudinal weld shall show no signs of cracks or flaws. Superficial ruptures arising from
surface imperfections shall not be cause for rejection.
TABLE 3
TENSILE TEST REQUIREMENTS
Grade Mi nimum yield
strength
Mi nimum tensil e
strength
Mi nimum elongati on as a proporti on of the
gauge length of 5.65S
o
percent
MPa MPa
Circular hollow
sections
Rectangular hollow
sections
C250, C250L0
C350, C350L0
C450, C450L0
250
350
450
320
430
500
22
20
16
18
16
14
TABLE 4
CHARPY V-NOTCH IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENTS
Test
temperature
Mi nimum absorbed energy, J
Size of test piece
Grade 10 mm 10 mm 10 mm 7.5 mm 10 mm 5 mm 10 mm 2.5 mm
C
Average of
3 tests
Individual
test
Average of
3 tests
Individual
test
Average of
3 tests
Individual
test
Average of
3 tests
Individual
test
C250L0 0 27 20 22 16 18 13 9 7
C350L0 0 27 20 22 16 18 13 9 7
C450L0 0 27 20 22 16 18 13 9 7
NOTE: For 10 10, 10 7.5, 10 5 or 10 2.5 mm test piece sizes where it is not practical to machine fr om product, it is
permissible to designate the product as grade L0 provided requirements specif ied in Appendix D are met.
17 ROUNDING OF NUMBERS
17.1 General For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this Standard is complied
with, the determined value, observed or calculated, shall be rounded off in accordance with AS 2706. The
number of significant places retained in the rounded-off values shall be the same as that of the specified
value in the appropriate material Standard.
17.2 Tensile properties The determined value of tensile strength shall be rounded off to the nearest
10 MPa and the determined value of yield strength shall be rounded off to the nearest 5 MPa.
18 MARKING The material shall be marked or tagged (for bundles)
(a) to identify the manufacturer;
(b) to indicate the grade of steel (see Clause 4);
(c) to enable product dimensions to be identified with this Standard; and
(d) with a serialized identification number.
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9 AS 11631991
Where marking is by means of die-stamping, low-stress stamps may be used.
NOTES:
1 Manufacturers making a statement of compli ance with this Austr alian Standard on a product, or on packaging or
promotional materi al related to that product, are advised to ensure that such compli ance is capable of being verif ied.
2 Independent certi fi cati on is avail able fr om Standards Australi a under the StandardsMark Product Cert if ication Scheme.
The StandardsMark, shown below, is a registered certi fi cati on tr ade mark owned by Standards Austr alia and granted
under licence to manufacturers whose products comply wit h the requir ements of suit able Australi an Standards and who
operate sound qualit y assurance programs to ensure consistent product qualit y.
3 Furt her informati on on product cert if ication and the suit abil it y of this Standard for cert if ication is available from
Standards Australi as Quali ty Assurance Services, 1 The Crescent, Homebush, N.S.W. 2140.
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AS 11631991 10
APPENDIX A
PURCHASING GUIDELINES
(Informative)
A1 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER The purchaser should supply the
following information at the time of enquiry or order, after making due reference to the explanation, advice
and recommendations contained in this Appendix:
(a) Designation of grade and Standard number.
(b) Quantity and delivery instructions (dates, schedules, delivery point).
(c) Dimensions of steel, e.g. section, length, mass per unit length applicable, bundle masses.
NOTE: Attention is drawn to the desirabili ty of specifying cross-sectional dimensions in terms of Appendix C. It should be
noted that sizes not listed in Appendix C are not precluded for specif ication purposes, but are subject to negoti ation.
(d) Whether a test certificate or certificate of compliance is required (see Paragraph A3).
(e) Any information concerning processing or end-use that the purchaser considers would be of assistance.
(f) Whether it is the intention of the purchaser to inspect the steel at the manufacturers works (see
Paragraph A4).
(g) Special finish or coating, e.g. galvanized.
(h) End finish.
(i) Special tolerances.
(j) Any exceptions to the Standard or any special or supplementary requirements, e.g. impact testing at
30C for rolled over protection structure (ROPS).
(k) If impact testing other than that specified in this Standard is required, the test temperature, size of test
piece and minimum absorbed energy value resulting from
(i) each individual test; and
(ii) the average of three tests.
A2 SUPPLEMENTARY TESTS
A2.1 Non-destructive testing If non-destructive testing is required by the purchaser, the test method to
be used and the limits of acceptance should be determined at the time of enquiry or order.
The test method should be in accordance with AS 1171 and AS 2084, where appropriate.
A2.2 Independent test In the event of a dispute as to the compliance of the steel with this Standard, the
purchaser and the supplier should agree to have referee testing carried out by an independent laboratory,
whose results should be accepted as final. A laboratory registered by the National Association of Testing
Authorities, Australia, for the field and class of testing, is recommended.
A3 CERTIFICATES OF COMPLIANCE AND TEST CERTIFICATES
A3.1 Certificates of compliance Certificates of compliance include a statement that the material
complies with this Standard.
A3.2 Test certificates Test certificates show such results as may be required by agreement between the
purchaser and the manufacturer, relating to
(a) tests performed by the manufacturer for the purpose of establishing compliance with this Standard;
and
(b) additional tests as agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer.
A4 INSPECTION If it is the purchasers intention to undertake any of the following functions at the
manufacturers works, this should be notified at the time of enquiry or order, and should be accomplished
in a manner which will not interfere with the operation of the works:
(a) Inspection of the product during manufacture.
(b) Witnessing of the selection and identification of test samples.
(c) Witnessing the tests being performed.
The manufacturer should afford the purchaser all reasonable facilities to establish that the steel complies
with this Standard.
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11 AS 11631991
APPENDIX B
MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD
(Informative)
B1 SCOPE This Appendix sets out the following different methods by which compliance with this
Standard can be demonstrated by the manufacturer or supplier:
(a) Assessment by means of statistical sampling.
(b) The use of Standards Australias StandardsMark scheme.
(c) Assurance using the acceptability of the suppliers quality system.
(d) Other such means proposed by the manufacturer or supplier and acceptable to the customer.
B2 STATISTICAL SAMPLING Statistical sampling is a procedure that enables decisions to be made
about the quality of batches of items after inspecting or testing only a portion of those items. This
procedure will only be valid if the sampling plan has been determined on a statistical basis and the
following requirements are met:
(a) The sample is drawn randomly from a population of product of known history that enables verification
that the product was made from known materials at essentially the same time by essentially the same
processes and under essentially the same system of control.
(b) For each different situation, a suitable sampling plan is defined. A sampling plan for one
manufacturer of given capability and product throughput may not be relevant to another manufacturer
producing the same items.
In order for statistical sampling to be meaningful to the customer, the manufacturer or supplier needs to
demonstrate how the above conditions have been satisfied. Sampling and the establishment of a sampling
plan should be carried out in accordance with AS 1199, guidance to which is given in AS 1399.
B3 PRODUCT CERTIFICATIONSTANDARDSMARK The general purpose of StandardsMark
certification is to provide independent assurance of the claim by the manufacturer that products comply
with the stated Australian or International Standard.
It is a certification scheme that meets the criteria of an ISO Type 5 scheme as specified by ISO Guide 44
in that, as well as full type testing from independently sampled production and subsequent verification of
conformance, it requires the manufacturer to maintain an effective quality plan to control production to
ensure conformance with the relevant Standard.
The StandardsMark serves to indicate that the products consistently conform to the requirements of the
Standard.
The StandardsMark can only be used by manufacturers approved and licensed by Standards Australia and
only when accompanied by the number of the applicable Standard.
B4 SUPPLIERS QUALITY SYSTEM Where the manufacturer or supplier can demonstrate an audited
and registered quality management system complying with the requirements of the appropriate or stipulated
Australian or International Standard for suppliers quality systems, such demonstration may provide the
necessary confidence that the specified requirements will be met. The quality assurance requirements need
to be agreed between the customer and supplier and should include a quality or inspection and test plan
to ensure product conformity.
Guidance in determining the appropriate quality management system is given in AS 3900 and AS 3904.
B5 OTHER MEANS OF ASSESSMENT If the above methods are considered inappropriate,
determination of compliance with the requirements of this Standard may be assessed on the basis of the
results of testing coupled with the manufacturers guarantee of product conformance.
Irrespective of acceptable quality levels (AQLs) or test frequencies, the responsibility remains with the
manufacturer or supplier to deliver products that conform with the full requirements of the Standard.
To assess compliance with this specification, consideration may be given to the results of testing in
accordance with Paragraphs B5.1, B5.2 and B5.3.
B5.1 Sampling of tensile test, impact test and cold flattening test Test samples should be taken as
follows:
(a) One sample for a batch not exceeding 50 tonnes.
(b) One additional sample from the balance of the batch.
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2
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AS 11631991 12
B5.2 Compliance Each batch complies with this Standard if all of the samples tested give results which
are within the specified limits.
If any of the properties of the tested samples give results outside the specified limits, the requirements of
Paragraph B5.3 apply.
B5.3 Retests
B5.3.1 Tensile test and cold flattening test If a retest is carried out, one or more of the following
procedures should be adopted:
(a) Make two additional tests on test pieces from samples taken from a position as near as practical to
the failed sample. The unit complies with this Standard provided both additional test pieces comply
with Clauses 16.1 and 16.3 as appropriate.
(b) Make two test samples at random from the remainder of the test batch. If the test pieces from both
additional samples comply with Clauses 16.1 and 16.3 as appropriate, the remainder complies with
this Standard.
If one of these additional samples fails to comply, the steel of the applicable test batch does not
comply with this Standard.
(c) Make test samples from each rolled unit of steel and individually test in accordance with this
Standard. If the test piece from the additional sample complies with Clauses 16.1 and 16.3 as
appropriate, the rolled unit of steel complies with this Standard.
(d) Reprocess (e.g. heat-treat) the unit which failed and perform another complete set of tests in
accordance with Paragraph B5.1. The unit complies with this Standard if the reprocessed test pieces
comply with Clauses 16.1 and 16.3 as appropriate.
The remainder of the test batch complies with this Standard provided it is reprocessed in the same
manner as the above reprocessed unit and complies with the requirements of Clauses 16.1 and 16.3
as appropriate.
B5.3.2 Impact tests If a retest is carried out, one or more of the following procedures should be adopted:
(a) If the average value of the three impact test results is less than the specified minimum average, or if
one value is less than the specified individual test value given in Table 4
(i) test three additional test pieces from the original sample in accordance with Clause 14.3; and
(ii) add the results to those previously obtained and calculate a new average. If the average value
of the six tests is not less than the specified minimum average, and not more than one result of
the six tests is below the specified individual test value, then the unit complies with this
Standard.
(b) Take two further test samples at random from the remainder of the test batch.
If the test pieces from both additional samples comply with Clause 16.2, then the remainder complies
with this Standard.
If one of these additional samples fails to comply, the batch (see Paragraph B5.1) does not comply
with this Standard.
(c) Take test samples from each rolled unit of steel and individually test in accordance with this Standard.
If the test piece from the additional sample complies with Clause 16.2, then the rolled unit of steel
complies with this Standard.
(d) Reprocess (e.g. heat-treat) the units which failed and perform another complete set of tests in
accordance with Paragraph B5.1.
If the reprocessed test pieces comply with Clauses 16.1, 16.2 and, if applicable, Clause 16.3, then the
unit complies with this Standard.
The remainder of the test batch complies with this Standard provided it is reprocessed in the same
manner as the above reprocessed units and complies with the requirements of Clauses 16.1, 16.2 and,
if applicable, Clause 16.3.
COPYRIGHT
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2
3
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:
1
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6
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0

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13 AS 11631991
APPENDIX C
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES OF CROSS-SECTION
(Normative)
The following Figures C1 to C6 are not restrictive (see Clause 7). Other sizes in
various grades are also available in Australia. Although they appear in the following
tables, certain sizes may not always be available in all grades.
NOTE: Users are advised to check availabili ty before incorporating holl ow secti ons in major designs.
COPYRIGHT
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AS 11631991 14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Designati on External surface area
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
About any axis
Outside
diameter
Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
d
o
Second
moment of
area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d
o
t t A
g
l Z S r J C
mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
610.0 12.7 CHS
610.0 9.5 CHS
610.0 6.4 CHS
187
141
95.3
1.92
1.92
1.92
10.2
13.6
20.1
48.0
64.2
95.3
23 800
17 900
12 100
1 060
808
553
3 490
2 650
1 810
4 530
3 430
2 330
211
212
213
2 130
1 620
1 110
6 970
5 300
3 620
508.0 12.7 CHS
508.0 9.5 CHS
508.0 6.4 CHS
155
117
79.2
1.60
1.60
1.60
10.3
13.7
20.2
40.0
53.5
79.4
19 800
14 900
10 100
606
462
317
2 390
1 820
1 250
3 120
2 360
1 610
175
176
177
1 210
925
634
4 770
3 640
2 500
165.1 5.4 CHS
165.1 5.0 CHS
21.3
19.7
0.519
0.519
24.4
26.3
30.6
33.0
2 710
2 510
8.65
8.07
105
97.7
138
128
56.5
56.6
17.3
16.1
209
195
FIGURE C1 (in part) CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C250
COPYRIGHT
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15 AS 11631991
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Designati on External surface area
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
About any axis
Outside
diameter
Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
d
o
Second
moment of
area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d
o
t t A
g
l Z S r J C
mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
139.7 5.4 CHS
139.7 5.0 CHS
17.9
16.6
0.439
0.439
24.5
26.4
25.9
27.9
2 280
2 120
5.14
4.81
73.7
68.8
97.4
90.8
47.5
47.7
10.3
9.61
147
138
114.3 5.4 CHS
114.3 4.5 CHS
14.5
12.2
0.359
0.359
24.8
29.5
21.2
25.4
1 850
1 550
2.75
2.34
48.0
41.0
64.1
54.3
38.5
38.9
5.49
4.69
96.1
82.0
101.6 5.0 CHS
101.6 4.0 CHS
11.9
9.63
0.319
0.319
26.8
33.2
20.3
25.4
1 520
1 230
1.77
1.46
34.9
28.8
46.7
38.1
34.2
34.5
3.55
2.93
69.9
57.6
88.9 5.9 CHS
88.9 5.0 CHS
88.9 4.0 CHS
12.1
10.3
8.38
0.279
0.279
0.279
23.1
27.0
33.3
15.1
17.8
22.2
1 540
1 320
1 070
1.33
1.16
0.963
30.0
26.2
21.7
40.7
35.2
28.9
29.4
29.7
30.0
2.66
2.33
1.93
59.9
52.4
43.3
76.1 5.9 CHS
76.1 4.5 CHS
76.1 3.6 CHS
10.2
7.95
6.44
0.239
0.239
0.239
23.4
30.1
37.1
12.9
16.9
21.1
1 300
1 010
820
0.807
0.651
0.540
21.2
17.1
14.21
29.1
23.1
8.9
24.9
25.4
25.7
1.61
1.30
1.08
42.4
34.2
28.4
60.3 5.4 CHS
60.3 4.5 CHS
60.3 3.6 CHS
7.31
6.19
5.03
0.189
0.189
0.189
25.9
30.6
37.6
11.2
13.4
16.8
931
789
641
0.354
0.309
0.259
11.8
10.2
8.58
16.3
14.0
11.6
19.5
19.8
20.1
0.709
0.618
0.517
23.5
20.5
17.2
48.3 5.4 CHS
48.3 4.0 CHS
48.3 3.2 CHS
5.71
4.37
3.56
0.152
0.152
0.152
26.6
34.7
42.6
8.9
12.1
15.1
728
557
453
0.170
0.138
0.116
7.04
5.70
4.80
9.99
7.87
6.52
15.3
15.7
16.0
0.340
0.275
0.232
14.1
11.4
9.59
42.4 4.9 CHS
42.4 4.0 CHS
42.4 3.2 CHS
4.53
3.79
3.09
0.133
0.133
0.133
29.4
35.2
43.1
8.7
10.6
13.3
577
483
394
0.103
0.089 9
0.076 2
4.87
4.24
3.59
6.93
5.92
4.93
13.4
13.6
13.9
0.206
0.180
0.152
9.74
8.48
7.19
33.7 4.5 CHS
33.7 4.0 CHS
33.7 3.2 CHS
3.24
2.93
2.41
0.106
0.106
0.106
32.7
36.1
44.0
7.5
8.4
10.5
413
373
307
0.045 0
0.041 9
0.036 0
2.67
2.49
2.14
3.87
3.55
2.99
10.4
10.6
10.8
0.090 1
0.083 8
0.072 1
5.35
4.97
4.28
26.9 4.0 CHS
26.9 3.2 CHS
26.9 2.6 CHS
2.26
1.87
1.56
0.084 5
0.084 5
0.084 5
37.4
45.2
54.2
6.7
8.4
10.3
288
238
198
0.019 4
0.017 0
0.014 8
1.45
1.27
1.10
2.12
1.81
1.54
8.22
8.46
8.64
0.038 9
0.034 1
0.029 6
2.89
2.53
2.20
21.3 3.6 CHS
21.3 3.2 CHS
21.3 2.6 CHS
1.57
1.43
1.20
0.066 9
0.066 9
0.066 9
42.6
46.8
55.8
5.9
6.7
8.2
200
182
153
0.008 16
0.007 68
0.006 81
0.767
0.722
0.639
1.14
1.06
0.915
6.39
6.50
6.68
0.016 3
0.015 4
0.013 6
1.53
1.44
1.28
17.2 2.9 CHS
17.2 2.3 CHS
1.02
0.845
0.054 0
0.054 0
52.8
63.9
5.9
7.5
130
108
0.003 47
0.003 06
0.403
0.356
0.601
0.515
5.16
5.33
0.006 93
0.006 12
0.806
0.711
13.5 2.9 CHS
13.5 2.3 CHS
0.758
0.635
0.042 4
0.042 4
55.9
66.8
4.7
5.9
96.6
80.9
0.001 46
0.001 32
0.216
0.196
0.334
0.293
3.89
4.04
0.002 92
0.002 64
0.432
0.392
FIGURE C1 (in part) CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C250
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2
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AS 11631991 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Designati on External surface area
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
About any axis
Outside
diameter
Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
d
o
Second
moment of
area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d
o
t t A
g
l Z S r J C
mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
457.0 12.7 CHS
457.0 9.5 CHS
457.0 6.4 CHS
139
105
71.1
1.44
1.44
1.44
10.3
13.7
20.2
36.0
48.1
71.4
17 700
13 400
9 060
438
334
230
1 920
1 460
1 010
2 510
1 900
1 300
157
158
159
876
669
460
3 830
2 930
2 010
406.4 12.7 CHS
406.4 9.5 CHS
406.4 6.4 CHS
123
93.0
63.1
1.28
1.28
1.28
10.4
13.7
20.2
32.0
42.8
63.5
15 700
11 800
8 040
305
233
161
1 500
1 150
792
1 970
1 500
1 020
139
140
141
609
467
322
3 000
2 300
1 580
355.6 12.7 CHS
355.6 9.5 CHS
355.6 6.4 CHS
107
81.1
55.1
1.12
1.12
1.12
10.4
13.8
20.3
28.0
37.4
55.6
13 700
10 300
7 020
201
155
107
1 130
871
602
1 490
1 140
781
121
122
123
403
310
214
2 260
1 740
1 200
323.9 12.7 CHS
323.9 9.5 CHS
323.9 6.4 CHS
97.5
73.7
50.1
1.02
1.02
1.02
10.4
13.8
20.3
25.5
34.1
50.6
12 400
9 380
6 380
151
116
80.5
930
717
497
1 230
939
645
110
111
112
301
232
161
1 860
1 430
994
273.1 9.3 CHS
273.1 6.4 CHS
273.1 4.8 CHS
60.5
42.1
31.8
0.858
0.858
0.858
14.2
20.4
27.0
29.4
42.7
56.9
7 710
5 360
4 050
67.1
47.7
36.4
492
349
267
647
455
346
93.3
94.3
94.9
134
95.4
72.8
983
699
533
FIGURE C2 (in part) CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
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p
y
r
i
g
h
t
e
d

m
a
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a
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d

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.


T
h
i
s

c
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p
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d
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w
n
l
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a
d
e
d

o
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2
0
1
4
-
0
3
-
0
6

2
3
:
5
5
:
1
4

-
0
6
0
0

b
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a
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.
17 AS 11631991
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Designati on External surface area
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
About any axis
Outside
diameter
Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
d
o
Second
moment of
area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d
o
t t A
g
l Z S r J C
mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
219.1 8.2 CHS
219.1 6.4 CHS
219.1 4.8 CHS
42.6
33.6
25.4
0.688
0.688
0.688
16.1
20.5
27.1
26.7
34.2
45.6
5 430
4 280
3 230
30.3
24.2
18.6
276
221
169
365
290
220
74.6
75.2
75.8
60.5
48.4
37.1
552
442
339
168.3 7.1 CHS
168.3 6.4 CHS
168.3 4.8 CHS
28.2
25.6
19.4
0.529
0.529
0.529
18.7
20.7
27.3
23.7
26.3
35.1
3 600
3 260
2 470
11.7
10.7
8.25
139
127
98.0
185
168
128
57.0
57.3
57.8
23.4
21.4
16.5
278
254
196
165.1 3.5 CHS
165.1 3.0 CHS
13.9
12.0
0.519
0.519
37.2
43.2
47.2
55.0
1 780
1 530
5.80
5.02
70.3
60.8
91.4
78.8
57.1
57.3
11.6
10.0
141
122
139.7 3.5 CHS
139.7 3.0 CHS
11.8
10.1
0.439
0.439
37.3
43.4
39.9
46.6
1 500
1 290
3.47
3.01
49.7
43.1
64.9
56.1
48.2
48.3
6.95
6.02
99.5
86.2
114.3 6.0 CHS
114.3 4.8 CHS
114.3 3.6 CHS
114.3 3.2 CHS
16.0
13.0
9.83
8.77
0.359
0.359
0.359
0.359
22.4
27.7
36.5
41.0
19.1
23.8
31.8
35.7
2 040
1 650
1 250
1 120
3.00
2.48
1.92
1.72
52.5
43.4
33.6
30.2
70.4
57.6
44.1
39.5
38.3
38.8
39.2
39.3
6.00
4.96
3.84
3.45
105
86.8
67.2
60.4
101.6 3.2 CHS
101.6 2.6 CHS
7.77
6.35
0.319
0.319
41.1
50.3
31.8
39.1
989
809
1.20
0.991
23.6
19.5
31.0
25.5
34.8
35.0
2.40
1.98
47.2
39.0
88.9 5.5 CHS
88.9 4.8 CHS
88.9 3.2 CHS
88.9 2.6 CHS
11.3
9.96
6.76
5.53
0.279
0.279
0.279
0.279
24.7
28.1
41.3
50.5
16.2
18.5
27.8
34.2
1 440
1 270
862
705
1.26
1.12
0.792
0.657
28.3
25.3
17.8
14.8
38.3
34.0
23.5
19.4
29.6
29.8
30.3
30.5
2.52
2.25
1.58
1.31
56.6
50.6
35.6
29.6
76.1 3.2 CHS
76.1 2.3 CHS
5.75
4.19
0.239
0.239
41.6
57.1
23.8
33.1
733
533
0.488
0.363
12.8
9.55
17.0
12.5
25.8
26.1
0.976
0.727
25.6
19.1
60.3 2.9 CHS
60.3 2.3 CHS
4.11
3.29
0.189
0.189
46.1
57.6
20.8
26.2
523
419
0.216
0.177
7.16
5.85
9.56
7.74
20.3
20.5
0.432
0.353
14.3
11.7
48.3 2.9 CHS
48.3 2.3 CHS
3.25
2.61
0.152
0.152
46.7
58.2
16.7
21.0
414
332
0.107
0.088 1
4.43
3.65
5.99
4.87
16.1
16.3
0.214
0.176
8.86
7.30
42.4 2.6 CHS
42.4 2.0 CHS
2.55
1.99
0.133
0.133
52.2
66.8
16.3
21.2
325
254
0.064 6
0.051 9
3.05
2.45
4.12
3.27
14.1
14.3
0.129
0.104
6.10
4.90
33.7 2.6 CHS
33.7 2.0 CHS
1.99
1.56
0.106
0.106
53.1
67.7
13.0
16.9
254
199
0.030 9
0.025 1
1.84
1.49
2.52
2.01
11.0
11.2
0.061 9
0.050 2
3.67
2.98
26.9 2.3 CHS
26.9 2.0 CHS
1.40
1.23
0.084 5
0.084 5
60.6
68.8
11.7
13.5
178
156
0.013 6
0.012 2
1.01
0.907
1.40
1.24
8.74
8.83
0.027 1
0.024 4
2.02
1.81
21.3 2.0 CHS 0.952 0.066 9 70.3 10.7 121 0.005 71 0.536 0.748 6.86 0.011 4 1.07
FIGURE C2 (in part) CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
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p
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r
i
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d

m
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b
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T
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2
0
1
4
-
0
3
-
0
6

2
3
:
5
5
:
1
4

-
0
6
0
0

b
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a
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.
AS 11631991 18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Designati on External surface area About x, y and n- axes
Depth Width Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d b t A
g
l
x
, l
y
Z
x
, Z
y
Z
n
S
x
, S
y
r
x
, r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
250 250 9.0 SHS
250 250 6.0 SHS
65.9
45.0
0.961
0.974
14.6
21.7
25.8
39.7
8 400
5 730
79.8
56.2
639
450
477
330
750
521
97.5
99.0
129
88.7
972
681
200 200 9.0 SHS
200 200 6.0 SHS
200 200 5.0 SHS
51.8
35.6
29.9
0.761
0.774
0.779
14.7
21.8
26.0
20.2
31.3
38.0
6 600
4 530
3 810
39.2
28.0
23.9
392
280
239
297
207
175
465
327
277
77.1
78.6
79.1
64.5
44.8
37.8
599
425
362
150 150 9.0 SHS
150 150 6.0 SHS
150 150 5.0 SHS
37.7
26.2
22.1
0.561
0.574
0.579
14.9
22.0
26.2
14.7
23.0
28.0
4 800
3 330
2 810
15.4
11.3
9.70
205
150
129
159
113
96.1
248
178
151
56.6
58.2
58.7
26.1
18.4
15.6
316
229
197
125 125 9.0 SHS
125 125 6.0 SHS
125 125 5.0 SHS
125 125 4.0 SHS
30.6
21.4
18.2
14.8
0.461
0.474
0.479
0.483
15.1
22.1
26.3
32.7
11.9
18.8
23.0
29.3
3 900
2 730
2 310
1 880
8.38
6.29
5.44
4.52
134
101
87.1
72.3
106
76.5
65.4
53.6
165
120
103
84.5
46.4
48.0
48.5
49.0
14.5
10.4
8.87
7.25
208
154
133
110
100 100 9.0 SHS
100 100 6.0 SHS
100 100 5.0 SHS
100 100 4.0 SHS
100 100 3.0 SHS
23.5
16.7
14.2
11.6
8.96
0.361
0.374
0.379
0.383
0.390
15.4
22.4
26.6
32.9
43.5
9.11
14.7
18.0
23.0
31.3
3 000
2 130
1 810
1 480
1 140
3.91
3.04
2.66
2.23
1.77
78.1
60.7
53.1
44.6
35.4
63.6
47.1
40.5
33.5
26.0
98.6
73.5
63.5
52.6
41.2
36.1
37.7
38.3
38.8
39.4
7.00
5.15
4.42
3.63
2.79
123
93.6
81.4
68.0
53.2
FIGURE C3 (in part) SQUARE HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
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p
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r
i
g
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t
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d

m
a
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2
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1
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0
3
-
0
6

2
3
:
5
5
:
1
4

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0
6
0
0

b
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.
19 AS 11631991
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Designati on External surface area About x, y and n- axes
Depth Width Thickness
Mass per
unit length
per unit
length
per unit
mass
Ratio
Gross area
of cross-
secti on
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
d b t A
g
l
x
, l
y
Z
x
, Z
y
Z
n
S
x
, S
y
r
x
, r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
89 89 6.0 SHS
89 89 5.0 SHS
89 89 3.5 SHS
14.6
12.5
9.06
0.330
0.334
0.341
22.5
26.7
37.6
12.8
15.8
23.4
1 870
1 590
1 150
2.06
1.81
1.37
46.2
40.7
30.9
36.3
31.4
23.2
56.6
49.1
36.5
33.2
33.7
34.5
3.54
3.05
2.24
71.6
62.7
47.1
75 75 6.0 SHS
75 75 5.0 SHS
75 75 4.0 SHS
75 75 3.5 SHS
75 75 3.0 SHS
75 75 2.5 SHS
12.0
10.3
8.49
7.53
6.60
5.56
0.274
0.279
0.283
0.285
0.290
0.291
22.8
27.0
33.3
37.9
43.9
52.4
10.5
13.0
16.8
19.4
23.0
28.0
1 530
1 310
1 080
959
841
709
1.16
1.03
0.882
0.797
0.716
0.614
30.9
27.5
23.5
21.3
19.1
16.4
24.7
21.6
18.0
16.1
14.2
12.0
38.4
33.6
28.2
25.3
22.5
19.1
27.5
28.0
28.6
28.8
29.2
29.4
2.04
1.77
1.48
1.32
1.15
0.971
48.2
42.6
36.1
32.5
28.7
24.6
65 65 3.0 SHS
65 65 2.5 SHS
65 65 2.0 SHS
5.66
4.78
3.88
0.250
0.251
0.253
44.1
52.6
65.3
19.7
24.0
30.5
721
609
494
0.454
0.391
0.323
14.0
12.0
9.94
10.4
8.91
7.29
16.6
14.1
11.6
25.1
25.3
25.6
0.733
0.624
0.509
21.0
18.1
14.9
50 50 4.0 SHS
50 50 3.0 SHS
50 50 2.5 SHS
50 50 2.0 SHS
50 50 1.6 SHS
5.35
4.25
3.60
2.93
2.38
0.183
0.190
0.191
0.193
0.195
34.2
44.7
53.1
65.8
81.7
10.5
14.7
18.0
23.0
29.3
681
541
459
374
303
0.229
0.195
0.169
0.141
0.117
9.15
7.79
6.78
5.66
4.68
7.33
5.92
5.09
4.20
3.44
11.4
9.39
8.07
6.66
5.46
18.3
19.0
19.2
19.5
19.6
0.403
0.321
0.275
0.226
0.185
14.3
11.8
10.2
8.51
7.03
40 40 4.0 SHS
40 40 2.5 SHS
40 40 2.0 SHS
40 40 1.6 SHS
4.09
2.82
2.31
1.88
0.143
0.151
0.153
0.155
34.9
53.7
66.4
82.3
8.00
14.0
18.0
23.0
521
359
294
239
0.105
0.082 2
0.069 4
0.057 9
5.26
4.11
3.47
2.90
4.36
3.13
2.61
2.15
6.74
4.97
4.13
3.41
14.2
15.1
15.4
15.6
0.192
0.136
0.113
0.092 7
8.33
6.21
5.23
4.36
35 35 3.0 SHS
35 35 2.5 SHS
35 35 2.0 SHS
35 35 1.6 SHS
2.83
2.42
1.99
1.63
0.130
0.131
0.133
0.135
45.8
54.2
66.8
82.7
9.67
12.0
15.5
19.9
361
309
254
207
0.059 5
0.052 9
0.045 1
0.037 9
3.40
3.02
2.58
2.16
2.67
2.33
1.95
1.62
4.23
3.69
3.09
2.57
12.8
13.1
13.3
13.5
0.102
0.088 9
0.074 1
0.061 1
5.18
4.58
3.89
3.26
30 30 2.0 SHS
30 30 1.6 SHS
1.68
1.38
0.113
0.115
67.4
83.3
13.0
16.8
214
175
0.027 2
0.023 1
1.81
1.54
1.39
1.16
2.21
1.84
11.3
11.5
0.045 4
0.037 7
2.75
2.32
25 25 3.0 SHS
25 25 2.5 SHS
25 25 2.0 SHS
25 25 1.6 SHS
1.89
1.64
1.36
1.12
0.089 7
0.091 4
0.093 1
0.094 5
47.4
55.7
68.3
84.1
6.33
8.00
10.5
13.6
241
209
174
143
0.018 4
0.016 9
0.014 8
0.012 8
1.47
1.35
1.19
1.02
1.21
1.08
0.926
0.780
1.91
1.71
1.47
1.24
8.74
8.99
9.24
9.44
0.033 3
0.029 7
0.025 3
0.021 2
2.27
2.07
1.80
1.54
20 20 1.6 SHS 0.873 0.074 5 85.4 10.5 111 0.006 08 0.608 0.474 0.751 7.39 0.010 3 0.924
NOTE: The calculati on of secti onal properti es is based on the foll owing corner geometr y:
Size range Inside corner radii
mm
Outside corner radii
mm
Thicknesses 3.0 mm and less
Thicknesses greater than 3.0 mm
1.0t
1.5t
2.0t
2.5t
FIGURE C3 (in part) SQUARE HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
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m
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,

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2
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1
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-
0
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2
3
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5
5
:
1
4

-
0
6
0
0

b
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a
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.
AS 11631991 20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Designati on External surface Ratio
Gross
area of
cross-
secti on
About x- axis About y- axis
Mass
per unit
length
area
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
Depth Width Thickness per unit
length
per unit
mass
d b t A
g
l
x
Z
x
S
x
r
x
l
y
Z
y
S
y
r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
250 150 9.0 RHS
250 150 6.0 RHS
250 150 5.0 RHS
51.8
35.6
29.9
0.761
0.774
0.779
14.7
21.8
26.0
14.7
23.0
28.0
25.8
39.7
48.0
6 600
4 530
3 810
53.7
38.4
32.7
430
307
262
533
374
317
90.2
92.0
92.6
24.3
17.5
15.0
324
233
199
375
264
224
60.7
62.2
62.6
56.0
39.0
33.0
554
395
337
200 100 9.0 RHS
200 100 6.0 RHS
200 100 5.0 RHS
200 100 4.0 RHS
37.7
26.2
22.1
17.9
0.561
0.574
0.579
0.583
14.9
22.0
26.2
32.5
9.11
14.7
18.0
23.0
20.2
31.3
38.0
48.0
4 800
3 330
2 810
2 280
22.8
16.7
14.4
11.9
228
167
144
119
293
210
179
147
68.9
70.8
71.5
72.1
7.64
5.69
4.92
4.07
153
114
98.3
81.5
180
130
111
91.0
39.9
41.3
41.8
42.3
19.9
14.2
12.1
9.89
272
200
172
142
150 100 6.0 RHS
150 100 5.0 RHS
150 100 4.0 RHS
21.4
18.2
14.8
0.474
0.479
0.483
22.1
26.3
32.7
14.7
18.0
23.0
23.0
28.0
35.5
2 730
2 310
1 880
8.17
7.07
5.87
109
94.3
78.2
134
115
94.6
54.7
55.3
55.9
4.36
3.79
3.15
87.3
75.7
63.0
102
87.3
71.8
40.0
40.4
40.9
9.51
8.12
6.64
147
127
105
150 50 5.0 RHS
150 50 4.0 RHS
150 50 3.0 RHS
14.2
11.6
8.96
0.379
0.383
0.390
26.6
32.9
43.5
8.00
10.5
14.7
28.0
35.5
48.0
1 810
1 480
1 140
4.44
3.74
2.99
59.2
49.8
39.8
78.9
65.4
51.4
49.5
50.2
51.2
0.765
0.653
0.526
30.6
26.1
21.1
35.7
29.8
23.5
20.5
21.0
21.5
2.30
1.93
1.50
56.8
48.2
38.3
125 75 5.0 RHS
125 75 4.0 RHS
125 75 3.0 RHS
14.2
11.6
8.96
0.379
0.383
0.390
26.6
32.9
43.5
13.0
16.8
23.0
23.0
29.3
39.7
1 810
1 480
1 140
3.64
3.05
2.43
58.3
48.9
38.9
72.7
60.3
47.3
44.8
45.4
46.1
1.65
1.39
1.11
43.9
37.0
29.5
51.1
42.4
33.3
30.1
30.6
31.1
3.83
3.16
2.43
75.3
63.0
49.5
FIGURE C4 (in part) RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
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p
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r
i
g
h
t
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d

m
a
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r
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1
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0
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6

2
3
:
5
5
:
1
4

-
0
6
0
0

b
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.
21 AS 11631991
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Designati on External surface Ratio
Gross
area of
cross-
secti on
About x- axis About y- axis
Mass
per unit
length
area
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
secti on
modulus
Plastic
secti on
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus
Depth Width Thickness per unit
length
per unit
mass
d b t A
g
l
x
Z
x
S
x
r
x
l
y
Z
y
S
y
r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
100 50 6.0 RHS
100 50 5.0 RHS
100 50 4.0 RHS
100 50 3.5 RHS
100 50 3.0 RHS
100 50 2.5 RHS
100 50 2.0 RHS
12.0
10.3
8.49
7.53
6.60
5.56
4.50
0.274
0.279
0.283
0.285
0.290
0.291
0.293
22.8
27.0
33.3
37.9
43.9
52.4
65.1
6.33
8.00
10.5
12.3
14.7
18.0
23.0
14.7
18.0
23.0
26.6
31.3
38.0
48.0
1 530
1 310
1 080
959
841
709
574
1.71
1.53
1.31
1.18
1.06
0.912
0.750
34.2
30.6
26.1
23.6
21.3
18.2
15.0
45.3
39.8
33.4
29.9
26.7
22.7
18.5
33.4
34.1
34.8
35.1
35.6
35.9
36.2
0.567
0.511
0.441
0.400
0.361
0.311
0.257
22.7
20.4
17.6
16.0
14.4
12.4
10.3
27.7
24.4
20.6
18.5
16.4
14.0
11.5
19.2
19.7
20.2
20.4
20.7
20.9
21.2
1.53
1.35
1.13
1.01
0.886
0.754
0.616
40.9
36.5
31.2
28.2
25.0
21.5
17.7
75 50 4.0 RHS
75 50 3.0 RHS
75 50 2.5 RHS
75 50 2.0 RHS
6.92
5.42
4.58
3.72
0.233
0.240
0.241
0.243
33.7
44.2
52.7
65.4
10.5
14.7
18.0
23.0
16.8
23.0
28.0
35.5
881
691
584
474
0.630
0.522
0.450
0.372
16.8
13.9
12.0
9.91
21.1
17.1
14.6
12.0
26.7
27.5
27.7
28.0
0.335
0.278
0.240
0.199
13.4
11.1
9.60
7.96
16.0
12.9
11.0
9.06
19.5
20.0
20.3
20.5
0.754
0.593
0.505
0.414
22.7
18.4
15.9
13.1
75 25 2.5 RHS
75 25 2.0 RHS
75 25 1.6 RHS
3.60
2.93
2.38
0.191
0.193
0.195
53.1
65.8
81.7
8.00
10.5
13.6
28.0
35.5
44.9
459
374
303
0.285
0.238
0.197
7.60
6.36
5.26
10.1
8.31
6.81
24.9
25.3
25.5
0.048 7
0.041 4
0.034 7
3.89
3.31
2.78
4.53
3.77
3.11
10.3
10.5
10.7
0.144
0.120
0.099 3
7.14
6.04
5.05
65 35 3.0 RHS
65 35 2.5 RHS
65 35 2.0 RHS
4.25
3.60
2.93
0.190
0.191
0.193
44.7
53.1
65.8
9.67
12.0
15.5
19.7
24.0
30.5
541
459
374
0.281
0.244
0.204
8.65
7.52
6.28
11.0
9.45
7.80
22.8
23.1
23.4
0.106
0.092 6
0.077 8
6.04
5.29
4.44
7.11
6.13
5.07
14.0
14.2
14.4
0.259
0.223
0.184
10.4
9.10
7.62
50 25 3.0 RHS
50 25 2.5 RHS
50 25 2.0 RHS
50 25 1.6 RHS
3.07
2.62
2.15
1.75
0.140
0.141
0.143
0.145
45.5
54.0
66.6
82.5
6.33
8.00
10.5
13.6
14.7
18.0
23.0
29.3
391
334
274
223
0.112
0.098 9
0.083 8
0.070 2
4.47
3.95
3.35
2.81
5.86
5.11
4.26
3.53
16.9
17.2
17.5
17.7
0.036 7
0.032 8
0.028 1
0.023 7
2.93
2.62
2.25
1.90
3.56
3.12
2.62
2.17
9.69
9.91
10.1
10.3
0.096 4
0.084 3
0.070 6
0.058 5
5.18
4.60
3.92
3.29
50 20 3.0 RHS
50 20 2.5 RHS
50 20 2.0 RHS
50 20 1.6 RHS
2.83
2.42
1.99
1.63
0.130
0.131
0.133
0.135
45.8
54.2
66.8
82.7
4.67
6.00
8.00
10.5
14.7
18.0
23.0
29.3
361
309
254
207
0.095 1
0.084 8
0.072 3
0.060 8
3.81
3.39
2.89
2.43
5.16
4.51
3.78
3.14
16.2
16.6
16.9
17.1
0.021 2
0.019 2
0.016 7
0.014 2
2.12
1.92
1.67
1.42
2.63
2.32
1.96
1.63
7.67
7.89
8.11
8.29
0.062 0
0.055 0
0.046 6
0.038 9
3.88
3.49
3.00
2.55
NOTE: The calculati on of secti onal properti es is based on the foll owing corner geometr y:
Size range Inside corner radii
mm
Outside corner radii
mm
Thicknesses 3.0 mm and less
Thicknesses greater than 3.0 mm
1.0t
1.5t
2.0t
2.5t
FIGURE C4 (in part) RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C350
COPYRIGHT
C
o
p
y
r
i
g
h
t
e
d

m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l

l
i
c
e
n
s
e
d

t
o

C
a
m
e
r
o
n

I
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t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

b
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T
h
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S
c
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t
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f
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c
,

I
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c
.

(
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)
.


T
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s

c
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p
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d
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l
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a
d
e
d

o
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2
0
1
4
-
0
3
-
0
6

2
3
:
5
5
:
1
4

-
0
6
0
0

b
y

a
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.

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.
AS 11631991 22
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Designation
Mass
per unit
length
External surface Ratio
Gross
area of
cross-
section
About x- and n- axes About y- axis
area
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
section
modulus
Elastic
section
modulus
Plastic
section
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
section
modulus
Plastic
section
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus Depth Width Thickness
per unit
length
per unit
mass
d b t A
g
l
x
Z
x
Z
n
S
x
r
x
l
y
Z
y
S
y
r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
100 100 3.8 SHS
100 100 3.3 SHS
100 100 2.8 SHS
11.1
9.73
8.39
0.384
0.386
0.390
34.6
39.7
46.5
24.3
28.3
33.7
24.3
28.3
33.7
1 410
1 240
1 070
2.14
1.90
1.67
42.7
38.0
33.3
32.0
28.2
24.4
50.3
44.5
38.7
38.9
39.2
39.5
2.14
1.90
1.67
42.7
38.0
33.3
50.3
44.5
38.7
38.9
39.2
39.5
3.47
3.05
2.61
65.1
57.7
50.0
75 75 3.3 SHS
75 75 2.8 SHS
75 75 2.3 SHS
7.14
6.19
5.14
0.286
0.290
0.292
40.1
46.9
56.8
20.7
24.8
30.6
20.7
24.8
30.6
909
788
655
0.761
0.676
0.571
20.3
18.0
15.2
15.3
13.3
11.2
24.1
21.2
17.7
28.9
29.3
29.5
0.761
0.676
0.571
20.3
18.0
15.2
24.1
21.2
17.7
28.9
29.3
29.5
1.25
1.08
0.900
31.0
27.1
22.9
65 65 2.3 SHS 4.42 0.252 57.0 26.3 26.3 563 0.364 11.2 8.27 13.1 25.4 0.364 11.2 13.1 25.4 0.579 16.9
50 50 2.8 SHS
50 50 2.3 SHS
3.99
3.34
0.190
0.192
47.7
57.6
15.9
19.7
15.9
19.7
508
425
0.185
0.159
7.40
6.34
5.60
4.74
8.87
7.52
19.1
19.3
0.185
0.159
7.40
6.34
8.87
7.52
19.1
19.3
0.303
0.256
11.2
9.55
35 35 2.8 SHS
35 35 2.3 SHS
2.67
2.25
0.130
0.132
48.8
58.6
10.5
13.2
10.5
13.2
340
287
0.057 0
0.049 9
3.26
2.85
2.54
2.19
4.02
3.46
12.9
13.2
0.057 0
0.049 9
3.26
2.85
4.02
3.46
12.9
13.2
0.097 0
0.083 1
4.95
4.32
25 25 2.3 SHS 1.53 0.092 1 60.1 8.87 8.87 195 0.016 1 1.29 1.02 1.62 9.09 0.016 1 1.29 1.62 9.09 0.028 0 1.97
NOTE: The calculation of sectional properties is based on the following corner geometry:
Size range Inside corner radii
mm
Outside corner radii
mm
Thicknesses 3.0 mm and less
Thicknesses greater than 3.0 mm
1.0t
1.5t
2.0t
2.5t
FIGURE C5 SQUARE HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C450
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23 AS 11631991
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Designation
Mass
per unit
length
External surface Ratio
Gross
area of
cross-
section
About x- and n- axes About y- axis
area
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
section
modulus
Elastic
section
modulus
Plastic
section
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Second
moment
of area
Elastic
section
modulus
Plastic
section
modulus
Radius
of
gyration
Torsion
constant
Torsion
modulus Depth Width Thickness
per unit
length
per unit
mass
d b t A
g
l
x
Z
x
Z
n
S
x
r
x
l
y
Z
y
S
y
r
y
J C
mm mm mm kg/m m
2
/m m
2
/t mm
2
10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
10
3
mm
3
mm 10
6
mm
4
10
3
mm
3
125 75 3.8 RHS
125 75 3.3 RHS
125 75 2.8 RHS
11.1
9.73
8.39
0.384
0.386
0.390
34.6
39.7
46.5
17.7
20.7
24.8
30.9
35.9
42.6
1 410
1 240
1 070
2.93
2.60
2.29
46.8
41.6
36.6

57.7
50.9
44.4
45.5
45.8
46.2
1.33
1.19
1.04
35.5
31.6
27.8
40.6
35.9
31.3
30.7
30.9
31.2
3.02
2.66
2.28
60.4
53.6
46.6
100 50 3.3 RHS
100 50 2.8 RHS
100 50 2.3 RHS
7.14
6.19
5.14
0.286
0.290
0.292
40.1
46.9
56.8
13.2
15.9
19.7
28.3
33.7
41.5
909
788
655
1.13
1.00
0.848
22.6
20.1
17.0

28.5
25.1
21.0
35.2
35.7
36.0
0.383
0.341
0.290
15.3
13.6
11.6
17.6
15.5
13.0
20.5
20.8
21.0
0.964
0.834
0.699
26.9
23.6
20.0
75 50 2.8 RHS
75 50 2.3 RHS
5.09
4.24
0.240
0.242
47.2
57.1
15.9
19.7
24.8
30.6
648
540
0.493
0.419
13.2
11.2

16.1
13.6
27.6
27.9
0.263
0.224
10.5
8.96
12.2
10.3
20.1
20.4
0.558
0.469
17.4
14.8
65 35 2.8 RHS
65 35 2.3 RHS
3.99
3.34
0.190
0.192
47.7
57.6
10.5
13.2
21.2
26.3
508
425
0.267
0.229
8.21
7.04

10.4
8.81
22.9
23.2
0.101
0.086 9
5.75
4.96
6.73
5.72
14.1
14.3
0.245
0.208
9.92
8.53
50 25 2.8 RHS
50 25 2.3 RHS
2.89
2.44
0.140
0.142
48.5
58.4
6.93
8.87
15.9
19.7
368
310
0.107
0.093 1
4.27
3.72

5.57
4.78
17.0
17.3
0.035 2
0.031 0
2.82
2.48
3.39
2.92
9.78
10.0
0.091 7
0.079 0
4.96
4.34
50 20 2.8 RHS
50 20 2.3 RHS
2.67
2.25
0.130
0.132
48.8
58.6
5.14
6.70
15.9
19.7
340
287
0.091 2
0.080 0
3.65
3.20

4.91
4.23
16.4
16.7
0.020 5
0.018 3
2.05
1.83
2.51
2.18
7.76
7.98
0.059 4
0.051 8
3.73
3.31
NOTE: The calculation of sectional properties is based on the following corner geometry:
Size range Inside corner radii
mm
Outside corner radii
mm
Thicknesses 3.0 mm and less
Thicknesses greater than 3.0 mm
1.0t
1.5t
2.0t
2.5t
FIGURE C6 RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS OF GRADE C450
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AS 11631991 24
APPENDIX D
METHOD FOR VERIFYING GRADE L0 COMPLIANCE OF THIN
WALL SECTIONS
(Informative)
D1 SCOPE This Appendix sets out the method for verifying the compliance of thin wall sections with the
requirements of grade L0 where the wall thickness precludes standard subsize Charpy V-Notch (CVN) impact
specimens.
D2 METHOD Where it is impracticable to obtain a standard subsize specimen, i.e. 10 10, 10 7.5, 10 5.0,
10 2.5 mm from a hollow section, that section is considered to comply with the requirements of grade L0 if
other hollow sections are available and meet the following criteria:
(a) The steel used is of the same nominal chemistry, manufactured by the same steelmaking and strip processing
procedures, and supplied by the same steel manufacturer.
(b) The wall thickness is greater than the section being assessed.
(c) The thickness to perimeter ratio is equal to or greater than the section being assessed.
D3 BACKGROUND This Standard recognizes the following principles:
(a) The preferred lower size limit for CVN impact tests is 10 2.5 mm substandard specimens. This limit is
recognized in AS 1210.
(b) Susceptibility to brittle fracture is directly proportional to the wall thickness of the section being considered.
It is generally recognized that brittle fractures do not occur in material less than 3.0 mm thick.
(c) The manufacturing factors that affect CVN impact values are as follows:
(i) Steel chemistry, e.g. carbon content and carbon equivalent.
(ii) Steel microstructure, e.g. grain size and steel cleanliness.
(iii) Cold strain experienced during the manufacture of the hollow section. The level of cold strain is
proportional to the thickness to perimeter ratio.
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