June 2013 Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids global.tobaccofreekids.

org
The global cigarette industry is one of the most
proftable and deadliest industries in the world.
Cigarette retail values in 2012 were worth $697 billion.
1

In 2012, over 5.8 trillion cigarettes were sold to more than one
billion smokers worldwide.
1, 2
Between 2001 and 2012, global cigarette volume sales increased
by 9% while retail values increased 102% (Figure 1). Industry
analysts predict that over the next fve years the global cigarette
industry will continue to grow: volumes are predicted to increase
by 3% and value by 49%.
1
THE GLOBAL CIGARETTE INDUSTRY
While cigarette sales are expanding to new markets, industry market
shares are consolidating, and the market is increasingly controlled
by a few international companies. In 2001, a little more than 50%
of global market sales were controlled by transnational tobacco
companies (TTC). By in 2012, 79% of the market was controlled
by TTCs. Over the last decade, the international cigarette market
has been dominated by fve companies, China National Tobacco
Corporation, Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco,
Japan Tobacco International and Imperial Tobacco (Figure 3).
1
China National Tobacco Corporation (CNTC) is owned and
operated by the Chinese government and is the worlds single largest
producer of cigarettes with 41% of the global market. CNTC sells the
majority of its product in China; just over 1% of cigarettes produced
are exported to other countries.
4
CNTC is increasing efforts to sell
brands such as RDG, Dubliss and Harmony internationally.
5
Philip Morris International (PMI) is a U.S. company with
headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland.
6
PMI controls an estimated
15% of the international cigarette market behind CNTC and is the most
profitable tobacco company in the world.
1,7
PMI only sells its tobacco
products outside the U.S. after separating from parent company,
Altria, in 2008. The company operates in over 180 countries, and
sells 7 of the top 15 brands, including Marlboro.
8
Cigarette sales in
Asia drive PMIs growth and the company will continue to focus on
growing sales in countries like Indonesia and the Philippines while
also expanding their market shares in Bandladesh, China, India and
Vietnam.
9
TRANSNATIONAL TOBACCO COMPANIES
More than 80% of the worlds smokers live in low- and
middle-income countries, and the tobacco industry is
increasingly targeting these emerging markets.
2,3
If
current consumption trends continue, approximately
one billion people will die from tobacco use during the
twenty-frst century.
3
R
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V
o
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u
m
e

(
M
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n

S
t
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Retail Volume
Retail Value
5,000,000
6,000,000
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
5,500,000
5,750,000
5,250,000
R
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V
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300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
FIGURE 1. GLOBAL CIGARETTE MARKET:
HISTORIC RETAIL VOLUME AND VALUE (2001-2012)
Source: Euromonitor International, 2012
Asia Pacific
54.9%
Asia Pacific
62.4%
Australasia
0.5%
Australasia
0.4%
Latin
America
4.9%
Latin
America
4.1%
Middle East
and Africa
6.7%
Middle East
and Africa
7.0%
North America
5.5%
North America
7.8%
Western Europe
8.8%
Eastern
Europe
11.8%
Western Europe
11.6%
Eastern Europe
13.6%
2005 2012
FIGURE 2. GLOBAL CIGARETTE MARKET BY REGION
Source: Euromonitor International, 2012
Other
20%
CNTC
41%
PMI
15%
BAT
11%
JTI
8%
Imperial, 4%
FIGURE 3. TOBACCO COMPANY SHARES OF
GLOBAL CIGARETTE MARKET, 2012
Source: Euromonitor International, 2012
Globally, cigarette consumption is growing in low- and
middle income countries and decreasing in high-income
countries.
Sales are shifting from developed markets, like those in Western
Europe where smoking prevalence is declining and where tobacco
company operations are more restricted by government policies,
to emerging markets like those in Asia and Africa where tobacco
companies take full advantage of lax regulatory environments,
growing populations and increasing incomes.
Between 2005 and 2012, cigarette sales in the Asian Pacifc and
in the Middle East and Africa region have increased while all other
regions have experienced declining sales (Figure 2).
1
June 2013 Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids global.tobaccofreekids.org
1. Euromonitor International [database on the Internet]. Cigarettes: Global. Euromon-
itor International. c 2012. 2. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Report on the
global tobacco epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER package. Geneva: WHO; 2008. Avail-
able from www.who.int/entity/tobacco/mpower/mpower_report_full_2008.pdf. 3. Jha
P. Avoidable global cancer deaths and total deaths from smoking. Nature Reviews:
Cancer. 2009 September; (9):655-664. 4. Euromonitor International. Cigarettes - Chi-
na. London: Euromonitor International; 2012. 5. Hu T-W. Tobacco control policy anal-
ysis in China: economics and health. London: World Scientifc Publishing Company;
2008. 6. Philip Morris International. Company Overview. 2011 [cited 2012 January
13]; Available from www.pmi.com/eng/about_us/company_overview/pages/compa-
ny_overview.aspx. 7. Philip Morris International. Key Facts and Financial Data. 2012
[cited 2013 May 2]; Available from www.pmi.com/eng/about_us/company_overview/
pages/key_facts_and_fnancial_data.aspx. 8. Philip Morris International. Company
overview. 2012 [cited 2013 May 2]; Available from www.pmi.com/eng/about_us/com-
pany_overview/pages/company_overview.aspx. 9. Philip Morris International. 2013
Asia Region Investor Field Trip- Asia Region presentation. 201 June 3. Available from:
http://investors.pmi.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=146476&p=irol-presentations. 10. British
American Tobacco. About us. 2013. Available from www.bat.com/group/sites/uk_3mn-
fen.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO52ADCY/$FILE/medMD8TNKKW.PDF?openelement.
11. British American Tobacco. Consumer Analysts Group presentation. 2012 March
20. Available from www.bat.com/group/sites/uk__3mnfen.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/
DO6FKEVZ/$FILE/medMD8SKDQG.pdf?openelemen. 12. Japan Tobacco Interna-
tional. Japan Tobacco International. Tokyo2011; Available from: http://www.jti.com/.
13. Yamaguchi Y, Otsuma M. Japan Tobacco priced 2% below market for govern-
ment sale. Bloomberg; 2013 March 11. Available from: http://www.bloomberg.com/
news/2013-03-11/japan-tobacco-priced-2-below-market-for-government-sale.html.
14. Japan Tobacco International. Japan Tobacco International. Tokyo2011; Available
from www.jti.com/. 15. Japan Tobacco. Annual report 2012 for the year ended March
31, 2012. Available from www.jti.com/fles/5513/4070/8023/AnnualReport2012_E_all.
pdf. 16. Euromonitor International. Imperial Tobacco in Tobacco (World). Euromonitor
International; 2011 [updated April 3]; 17. Imperial Tobacco Group. Half year results
2013. 2013 April 30. Available from www.imperial-tobacco.com/fles/fnancial/results/
hy2013/slides.pdf. 18. Euromonitor International [database on the Internet]. Ciga-
rettes: Russia. Euromonitor International. c 2012. 19. Euromonitor International [da-
tabase on the Internet]. Cigarettes: Indonesia. Euromonitor International. c 2012. 20.
Sipahutar T. Cigarette makers blame costs for lower profts. The Jakarta Post; 2013
April 15. Available from www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/04/15/cigarette-mak-
ers-blame-costs-lower-profts.html. 21. Euromonitor International. Global Briefng:
Tobacco Asia- China sets the pace for global tobacco trends. c 2013. 22. Euromonitor
International [database on the Internet]. Cigarettes: India. Euromonitor International.
c 2012.
The fve largest cigarette consuming nationsChina, Russia, U.S.,
Japan and Indonesiaaccount for 60% of the volume of all cigarettes
sold in 2012. Seven of the ten largest cigarette markets in 2012 were
emerging markets, four of which are Asian Pacifc countries (Figure 4).
1
British American Tobacco (BAT) is a UK company based in
London. The company operates in 180 countries, is the third largest
in the global tobacco market and controls 11% of the international
cigarette market.
1,10
Top selling brands include Pall Mall, Kent, Lucky
Strike and Dunhill. 75% of BATs volumes are distributed in emerging
markets, and the company is currently focusing on how to increase
sales in Asian markets.
11
Japan Tobacco International (JTI) is the international division of
Japan Tobacco (JT) and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
12

The Japanese government holds 33% stake in JT.
13
JTI operates in
120 countries, is the fourth largest tobacco company in the world
and controls 8% of the global cigarette market.
1,14
Top brands include
Winston, Mild Seven (brand name changed to Mevius in 2012) and
Camel. International tobacco sales account for 50% of JT profits, and
JTI continues to expand its presence in emerging markets including
the recent acquisition of a tobacco company in Sudan.
15
Imperial Tobacco Group is a UK company. The company is
the fifth largest in the global tobacco market and controls 4% of
the international cigarette market.
1
Imperial operates in over 160
markets, with 56% of its products sold in emerging markets in Africa,
the Middle East, Eastern Europe and Asia.
16
Top brands include
Davidoff and Gauloises. Imperial is targeting emerging markets
in Asia and Africa and the Middle East to further company growth
internationally.
17
China is the largest cigarette market in the world. The retail
value of Chinas cigarette market in 2012 was $182 billion. By
comparison, the retail value of the next largest cigarette market,
Russia, was $25.5 billion in 2012.
1
Volume growth in China
drives global market growthbetween 2011 and 2012, the global
cigarette market increased by 0.2% but when excluding Chinas
volume gains, the global market declined 2%.
4
Cigarette sales by volume have been declining in Russia since
2008down 5% between 2008 and 2012. However, over the
same time period, and retail values have increased 50% from $17
billion to $25.5 billion. JTI is the market leader in Russia (36%
share), but PMI, BAT and Imperial also have a presence.
18
The Indonesia cigarette market is unique because sales are
dominated by clove favored kreteks. Between 2011 and 2012,
the Indonesian cigarette market grew nearly 6%.
19
Leading
tobacco company, Sampoerna, (acquired by PMI in 2005) has
steadily been gaining market share in Indonesia, outperforming
domestically owned companies and other TTCs trying to make a
proft in Indonesia.
20
Indias tobacco market is dominated by smokeless tobacco sales
(75%). 20% of tobacco users smoke hand-rolled bidis and only
5% of the market is made up of cigarettes.
21
The cigarette market
is, however, growing (2% volume growth between 2007 and 2012)
and given Indias large population, the country continues to be a
target of tobacco companies.
22
LARGEST CIGARETTE MARKETS:
TOBACCO INDUSTRY TARGETS
THE GLOBAL CIGARETTE INDUSTRY
FIGURE 4. TOP 10 CIGARETTE MARKETS, BY VOLUME
Source: Euromonitor International, 2012
COUNTRY RETAIL VOLUME, 2012 (MN STICKS)
China 2,477,932.2
Russia 374,135.8
USA 287,120.6
Indonesia* 203,116.4
Japan 197,484.5
India 102,127.2
Philippines 100,547.1
Vietnam 99,687.4
Turkey 95,332.3
South Korea 88,989.1
*excluding hand-rolled kreteks