-≤Ú-´’-¢√®Ωç 6 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2006
Chinmayi: What a down pour! How long it
lasted! I haven't seen the like of
it in the past ten years.
(Ŷs áçûª ¢√ØÓ! áçûª-ÊƧÚ! í∫ûª
°æüË-∞¡x™ Éçûª ¢√† ؈’ îª÷∞Ïxü¿’).
Downpour= ïúÕ-¢√†
Kiranmayi: Me too. I thought of going to
Chennai, but fortunately I had
second thoughts about it and
dropped the idea.
(؈÷ îª÷∞Ïxü¿’. îÁØÁj o ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊-
Ø√o†’ é¬E Åü¿%-≠d-´æ -¨»ûª÷h, Ç™-*ç*
´÷†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’.)
Chinmayi: Good idea. Otherwise you'd
have been stranded following
the disruption of train services.
But why did you want to go to
Chennai, in the first instance?
(´’ç* °æØË î˨»´¤. ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ train
services Åçûª-®√ߪ’ç ´©x, áéπ\úÓ
äéπ-îÓô *èπ◊\-°æ-úÕ-§Ú-ßË’-ü∆-EN. ÅÆæ©’
†’´¤y îÁØÁj o áçü¿’èπ◊ ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-
èπ◊-Ø√o´¤?)
stranded= v°æߪ÷ù ≤˘éπ®Ωuç ™‰éπ-§Ú-´ôç ´©x
ãîÓô *èπ◊\-°æ-úÕ-§Ú-´ôç.
A number of passengers were stranded
because of the cancellation of buses. =
His wife gets him under her thumb
Buses ®Ωü¿’l îËߪ’-ôç-´©x v°æߪ÷-ùÀ-èπ◊©’ î√™«-
´’çC *èπ◊\-°æ-úÕ-§Ú-ߪ÷®Ω’.
disruption= Bus, train services é¬F, Éçéπ
¢ËöÀ-Èéj-Ø√-é¬F Åçûª-®√ߪ’ç éπ©-í∫ôç.
In the first instance = ÅÆæ©’, ¢Á·ü¿-öÀí¬
Kiranmayi: Our head office people have
made a number of changes in
the policies of the company. I
have a strong feeling that some
of them can't be implemented
here as soon as they want them
to be. I spoke to them over the
phone about it, but I'm afraid
they haven't heard me out. I
want to get their full ear, so I
thought of meeting them.
(´÷ head office ¢√∞¡Ÿx éπç°F
Nüµ∆Ø√™x î√™« ´÷®Ω’p©’ îËÆæ’h-Ø√o®Ω’.
¢√∞¡x-†’-èπ◊-†oçûª ûªy®Ωí¬ Ééπ\úø ¢√öÀE
Å´’-©’-°æ-®Ω-îªôç èπ◊ü¿-®Ω-ü¿E Ø√ ¶µ«´†.
ü∆E N≠æߪ’ç ¢√∞¡xûÓ Øˆ’ phone ™
´÷ö«x-ú≈†’. é¬E ¢√∞¡Ÿx ††’o °æ‹Jhí¬
N†-™‰-ü¿-E-°œ-≤ÚhçC. Åçü¿’-éπE ¢√∞¡xE
éπLÊÆh ¢√∞¡Ÿx ØË îÁÊ°pC °æ‹Jhí¬ NØË™«
îËßÁ·-îªaE ¢Á∞«}†’.)
implement= Ééπ\úÕ Å®Ωnç Å´’-©’-°æ-®Ω-îªôç;
The Government thinks of good policies
but fails to implement them = v°æ¶µº’ûªyç
´’ç* Nüµ∆-Ø√-©ØË ®Ω÷§Òç-C-Ææ’hçC é¬E Å´’-©’-
°æ-®Ω-îª-ôç™ N°∂æ-©-´’-´¤-ûª’çC.
implement èπ◊ ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç °æE-´·ô’x/ °æJ-éπ-
®√©’ – Agricultural/ form implements =
´u´-≤ƒßª’ °æJ-éπ-®√©’, Surgical implements
= ¨¡ÆæY *éÀû√q °æJ-éπ-®√©’
hear some one out = äéπ®Ω’ îÁ°œpçC °æ‹Jhí¬
N†ôç.
Please hear me out= ؈’ îÁÊ°pC °æ‹Jhí¬
N†’.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
Chinmayi: How are your relations with your
higher-ups in the head office?
(Head office ™E O’ ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’-©ûÓ
O’ Ææç•ç-üµ∆-™„™« ÖØ√o®·?)
Higher-ups = äéπ ÆæçÆæn™  °j ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’©’.
Kiranmayi: Well, we can't say we have the
best of relations.
(´÷ ´’üµ¿u Ææç•ç-üµ∆©’ Åûª’u-ûªh-´’-¢Á’i-†-
´E îÁ°æp-™‰†’. Åçõ‰ ÅÆæ©’ ¶«í¬-™‰-ü¿E
îÁ°æp-ô¢Ë’.)
Chinmayi: Why, what's the matter?
(àçöÀ Ææ´’Ææu?)
Kiranmayi: They always want to get us
under their thumb, and we resist.
(¢√∞Î}-°æ¤púø÷ ´’´’tLo ØÌéÀ\-°-ö«d-©E
îª÷≤ƒh®Ω’/ ¢√∞¡x Åü¿’-°æ¤™ ÖçéÓ-¢√-
©E îª÷≤ƒh®Ω’. ¢Ë’ç ÅC ´uA-Í®-éÀ≤ƒhç)
Chinmayi: They can definitely give you
some freedom.
(¢√∞¡Ÿx O’èπ◊ éÌçûª ≤ƒyûªçvûªuç
ɴya)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
236
Kiranmayi: You know
they don't want us to
get a day off, though
we are eligible for it.
They want us to work
even on holidays,
though they pay us
overtime for that. M. SURESAN
(Fèπ◊ ûÁ©’≤ƒ, ´÷èπ◊ Å®Ω|ûª
Ö†o-°æp-öÀéÃ, äéπ-®ÓV èπÿú≈ ÂÆ©´¤ BÆæ’-éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ
ä°æ¤p-éÓ®Ω’. ÂÆ©´¤-®Ó-V™x èπÿú≈ ¢Ë’ç °æE îËߪ÷-©ç-
ö«®Ω’. °æE-îË-Æœ-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ Åü¿-†çí¬ ¶µºûªuç É≤ƒh-®Ω-†’éÓ)
eligible for = Å®Ω|ûª éπLT Öçúøôç.
overtime = overtime allowance
îËߪ÷-Lq† ü∆E-éπØ√o áèπ◊\´ Æ洒ߪ’ç °æE-îË-Æœ-
†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ îÁLxçîË ¶µºûªuç.
Chinmayi: That's mean of them. They don't
understand that a happy employ-
ee is an efficient employee.
(¢√∞¡Ÿx Ç N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ î√™« Fîªçí¬
ÖØ√o®Ω’. ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçúË ÖüÓuÍí
Ææ´’-®Ω’n-úÁj† ÖüÓuT ÅØËC ¢√∞¡x-éπ-®Ωnç-é¬ü¿’)
Kiranmayi: That's true. (ÅC Eïç)





-v°æ-¨¡o: i. ing
form
ûª®√yûª ¢ÁçôØË be form
´Ææ’hçü∆? ing forms †’ be forms ûÓ
§ƒô’ à Nüµ¿çí¬ ¢√úø-û√®Ó ûÁ©-°æçúÕ.
ii. 'Reading books', 'Tendulkar began
playing tests' -
OöÀ Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ?
iii. Past participle ûÓ èπÿú≈ ¢√é¬u©’
¢Á·ü¿-©-´¤-û√ߪ÷?
-ï-¢√-•’:
– °œ. ¢Áçéπ-õ‰-¨¡y®Ω’x, 鬴L.
i. '...ing' forms, 'be' formsûª®√yûª ´ÊÆh verbs
Å´¤-û√®·. '...ing' form,
´·çü¿®Ω 'be' form
™‰èπ◊çú≈ èπÿú≈ ûª®Ωîª÷ ¢√úø’-ûª’çö«ç. Å°æ¤p-úøC
verb é¬ü¿’ ÅçûË. 'be' form ´·çü¿-®Ω-™‰E '...ing'
form Å®Ωnç, ®√ߪ’ôç (writing), A†ôç (eating),
†úø-´ôç (walking) ÅE ´Ææ’hçC.
éÌEo ®ÓV-©’í¬ ´’†ç get/ have ûÓ Spoken
English ™ Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ daily life situations
™ ´îËa ´÷ô©’ îª÷Ææ’hØ√oç. Let's see a few
more of them in this lesson.
1) I had second thoughts about it =
ü∆E í∫’Jç* °æ¤†-®√-™-*ç-î√†’/ ´’Sx Ç™-*ç-
î√†’, Ç™- ´÷†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’/ ´÷®Ω’a-èπ◊-Ø√o†’ =
I got second thoughts about it.
a) Sanjana did think of buying a car, but
had second thoughts about it because
of rising maintenance costs =
Ææçï† car éÌçü∆-´’E ņ’-èπ◊çC. é¬E ´’Sx
é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç--éÌE °®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’†o E®Ωy-£æ«ù
ê®Ω’a© 鬮Ω-ùçí¬ Ç™- (´’†Ææ’) ´÷®Ω’a-
èπ◊çC. =
Sanjana did think of buying a car but got
second thoughts about it.
Have second thoughts = get second
thoughts = Åçõ‰ ņ’-´÷-Eç-îªôç ÅE Å®Ωnç
èπÿú≈ ÖçC.
a) Though the manager had agreed to
take him in as the office boy, she had/
got second thoughts about him =
Manager ÅûªEo office boy í¬ Eߪ’-N’ç-
îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ä°æ¤p-éÌ-†o-°æp-öÀéà Åûª-úøçõ‰ Ç¢Á’-ÍéüÓ
ņ’-´÷-Ø√-©’-Ø√o®·. (ÅûªEo Eߪ’-N’ç-îª-éπ-
§Ú-´îª’a)
b) I have/ have got seemed thoughts
about the bike I have thought of buy-
= ing =
؈’ éÌØ√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’†o car í∫’Jç* Ø√Íé¢Ó
ņ’-´÷-Ø√-©’-Ø√o®·.
On second thoughts ÅØ√o èπÿú≈ have/ get
second thoughts ÅØË Å®Ωn¢Ë’ ´Ææ’hçC. Å®·ûË
sentence structure ´÷®Ω’-ûª’çC.
a) Prasad: Which school do you want to put
your son in?
(O’¢√-úÕE à school ™ îË®√a-©-†’-
èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤?)
ii. a) Reading books improves
our knowledge -
Reading
Ééπ\úø
èπ◊ Å®Ωnç, îªü¿-´ôç
ÅE. °j sentence èπ◊ Å®Ωnç,
°æ¤Ææh-鬩’ îªü¿-´ôç Nñ«c-Ø√Eo
°ç§Òç-C-Ææ’hçC.
b) Tendulkar began playing
tests = õ„çúø÷-©\®˝tests
Çúøôç (playing) ¢Á·ü¿-™„-ö«dúø’.
iii. Past participles ûÓ éÌEo Ææçü¿-®√s¥™ x ´÷vûª¢Ë’
sentences begin Å´¤-û√®·.
Given the circumstances, anybody will
behave like him = Ç °æJ-Æœn-ûª’™x á´-È®jØ√ Åûª-E-
Past partici-
™«ØË v°æ´-Jhç-îË-¢√®Ω’. ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬
ple ûÓsentence ¢Á·ü¿-©-´ü¿’.
2
Murthy: Learn public school was my
choice but I have/ have got sec-
ond thoughts now.
(Learn public school Ø√ áç°œéπ.
é¬F Ç™- ´÷®Ω’-ûÓçC= Åçü¿’™
îË®Ωaôç ÆæçüË-£æ«¢Ë’.)
b) Venkat: What's happened to your idea of
selling off your old house.
(O’ §ƒûª ÉçöÀE Ţ˒t-ü∆l-´’-†’-èπ◊†o F
Ç™- à´’-®·çC?)
Venu: On second thoughts I felt it better
to let it out than to sell it.
(é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç-*-†-O’-ü¿ô Ţ˒t-ߪ’-úøç-
éπØ√o ÅüÁl-éÀ-´yôç ´’ç*-ü¿-†’-èπ◊Ø√o.)
On second thoughts = ´’Sx Ç™-*ç-*†
ûª®√yûª
Ñ second thoughts/ second thought
(American) English conversation ™ Ææ®Ωy-
≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ NE-°œçîË ´÷ô. Practise it.
2) I want to get/ have their full ear=
Ø√ ´÷ô©’ ¢√∞¡Ÿx °æ‹Jhí¬ NØËô’x îËߪ÷-©-†’-
èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o/ NØË O©’-éÓÆæç îª÷Ææ’hØ√o.
a) I can't get/ have the full ear of my boss.
She is too busy.
؈’ îÁ§ƒp-©-†’-èπ◊-†oC ´÷ boss èπ◊ °æ‹Jhí¬ NE-
°œç-îª-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√o. Ç¢Á’é¬ BJ-éπ-™‰ü¿’. (؈’
îÁ§ƒp-©-†’-èπ◊-†oC Ç¢Á’èπ◊ NE-°œçîË O©’-™‰-èπ◊çú≈
ÖçC. Ç¢Á’ áçûÓ busy.)
b) My Mom complains she can't get the
full ear of my dad.
ûª†’ îÁÊ°pC ´÷ Ø√†o °æ‹Jhí¬ NE-°œç--éÓ-úøE
´÷ Å´’t Ç®Ó-°æù.
3) They always want to get us/ have us under
their thumb=
¢√∞Îx-°æ¤púø÷ ´’´’tLo ¢√∞¡x Åü¿’-°æ¤™ Öç-éÓ-¢√-
©E ņ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’.
a) Most mothers-in-law want to have/ get
their daughters-in-law under their
thumb.
áèπ◊\-´-´’çC Åûªh©’ ¢√∞¡x éÓúø-∞¡x†’ ûª´’
Åü¿’-°æ¤™ Öç-éÓ-¢√-©E îª÷≤ƒh®Ω’.
b) The husband has no freedom. His wife
gets/ has him under her thumb.
Ç ¶µº®Ωhèπ◊ ≤ƒyûªçvûªuç ™‰ü¿’. Åéπ\úø °j îË®·
Çߪ’† ¶µ«®ΩuüË.
-v°æ-¨¡o: Where
we can get good mangoes/
Where we can available good mangoes
Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u™x àC ÆæÈ®jçC?
-ï-¢√-•’:
– ´’Ê£«çvü¿, £j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü˛.
Where we can get good mangoes ques- ÅE
tion Where can we get good mangoes?
®√ü¿’ –
ÅE éπü∆question form.
Where we can available good mangoes -
ÉC
Available
ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Åçõ‰ üÌ®Ω-éπôç; ©¶µºu-´’-´ôç
ÅE Å®Ωnç. ´÷N’-úÕ-°æç-úø’x üÌ®Ω-éπôç, / ©¶µºu-´’-´ôç
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ Å®·ûË, question B®Ω’: Where are
good mangoes available?