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Katherine Chan

25 February 2014
Chem Lab

Chemical Kinetics Lab Questions:

The reaction in consideration here is A B.

1. Construct a spreadsheet for the 0
th
order rate law with k = 1.0 and [A]0 = 1000.
Generate data [A]t and time using integrated rate law and increments of t= 10s. Use
the data generated, construct a plot of [A] vs. time. Attach your graph and label it
Graph 1a. (extend time increments until you reach 500s)

a. What is the shape of your graph?
The line is linear because the slope decreases steadily.
b. After how many seconds will [A] drop to 600?
After 400 seconds, [A] will drop to 600 mol/L.
c. Now change your [A]0 value to 2000. How does the new graph differ from the
old one? Attach the graph and label it Graph 1b.
Not only the initial value start at 2000 mol/L in the second graph, but
the slope is more negative (or "steeper) in the first graph.
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Time (s)
Graph 1a

d. Now change your k value from 1.0 to 0.5 and [A]0 back to 1000. How does
this graph differ from Graph 1a and 1b? Attach the graph and label it Graph
1c.
Compared to the Graph 1a and 1b, this graph has a smaller slope in
that the other graph had a bigger change in concentration over change
in time.


2. Construct a spreadsheet for the 1
st
order rate law with k = 1.0 and [A]0 = 1000.
Use increments of t= 0.10s. Use the data generated, construct plots of [A] vs. time
and [B] vs. time on the same graph. Attach your graph and label it Graph 2a. (extend
the time increments until you reach 5.00s)
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Time (s)
Graph 1b
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Time (s)
Graph 1c

a. After how many seconds will [A] and [B] be equal?
Between 0.7 and 0.8 seconds will they be equal.
b. Now change your [A]0 value to 500. How does the new graph differ from the
old one? Attach the graph and label it Graph 2b.
The new graph differs from the original because the concentration of
A is the same as the concentration of B sooner at 0.0 seconds. Though
both graphs show a variation of a logarithmic equation, the beginning
of Graph 2a shows more of a rapid increase of [B] as [A] rapidly
decreases. Graph 2b's slopes do not increase or decrease as much as
2a's.

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Time (s)
Graph 2a
[A] [B]
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Time (s)
Graph 2b
[A] [B]
c. Now change your k value from 1.0 to 0.5 and [A]0 back to 1000. How does
this graph differ from Graph 2a and 2b? Attach the graph and label it Graph
2c.
Compared to the graph of 2a and 2b, the concentration of A and
concentration of B are the same later at 1.4 seconds. Furthermore, the
rate does not plateau as much as time increases in Graph 2c compared
to Graph 2a and Graph 2b; the rate begins to plateau at ~3.0 s in
Graph 2a and ~2.5 s in 2b. Graph 2c shows that it's barely starting to
plateau at 5 s.

d. Repeat part c by increasing the value of k to 1.5. At what point will [A] = 0?
Attach the graph and label it Graph 2d.
When k=1.5, the concentration of A and B are the same between 0.5
and 0.6 seconds. The graph also plateaus sooner around 2.0 seconds.
The slope of the concentration of [B] also increases more rapidly in
Graph 2d than the previous graphs.
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Time (s)
Graph 2c
[A] [B]

e. Change your k value back to 1.0. Construct a graph using integrated rate law
to show a linear relationship between [A] and time. Attach the graph and
label it Graph 2e.


3. Construct a spreadsheet for the 2
nd
order rate law with k = 1.0 and [A]0 = 1000.
Use time increments of t= 0.00010s. Use the data generated, construct plots of [A]
vs. time and [B] vs. time on the same graph. Attach your graph and label it Graph 3a.
(extend the time increments until you reach 0.0050s)
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Time (s)
Graph 2d
[A] [B]
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Time (s)
Graph 2e
[A] [B]

a. At the point when [A] = [A]0, what is the rate of the reaction?
When the concentration is 500 M (half of the original concentration),
the rate of reaction is 500,000 M/s.
b. Now change your [A]0 value to 500. How does the new graph differ from the
old one? Attach the graph and label it Graph 3b.
Compared to 3a, the concentration starts at 500 M at 0.0 seconds.
Also, at the beginning of Graph 3a between 0.0 to 0.0001 seconds, the
slope of both lines are steep; in Graph 3b, the slope doesn't vastly
increase or decrease exponentially as much.

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Time (s)
Graph 3a
1/[A] [B]
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Time (s)
Graph 3b
1/[A] [B]
c. Now change your k value from 1.0 to 0.05 and [A]0 back to 1000. How does this
graph differ from Graph 3a and 3b? Attach the graph and label it Graph 3c.
Graph 3c is very different from Graph 3a and 3b. While all of the
previous graphs have shown the concentrations were equivalent at
one point, the concentration in Graph 3c are always different. The
concentration of B is a lot more than the concentration of A at any
given time. The shape of both lines are also more linear.

d. Repeat part c by increase the value of k to 1.5. Attach the graph and label it
Graph 3d.

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Time (s)
Graph 3c
1/[A] [B]
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Time (s)
Graph 3d
1/[A] [B]
e. Change your k value back to 1.0. Construct a graph using integrated rate law
to show a linear relationship between [A] and time. Attach the graph and
label it Graph 3e.








4. The rate law of a chemical reaction is determined to be Rate = k[A]
2
[B]. What is
the unit of k?

5. Using graphs generated above, determine the half life for all three rate laws. Using
k=1.0 and [A]0=1000

6. True or false: the rate at which the reaction is occurring is independent of initial
concentration. Explain your answer.

7. A reaction is in progress. One of the reactants is orange in color. Can you
determine when the reaction has completed? If so, how?

8. Using the same rate constant, k, and the initial reactant concentration, [A]0,
different increments of time had to be used to generate the rate data, depending on
the order of reaction. Briefly explain why.


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Time (s)
Graph 3e
1/[A] [B]

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