The Cell

S7L2 a. Explain that cells take in nutrients in order to

grow, divide and make needed materials.
1. What do cells have to do with living things?
- cells are the basic units of life!
- all living things are made of cells
2. How do we know if something is living?
- living things:
1. are organized
2. develop & grow
3. respond to environment
4. reproduce
3. What do organisms need to survive?
- energy, materials, living space
- needed to grow, develop, move, reproduce, repair damage
4. What materials do living things need?
- oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water
5. Why do living things need space?
- need room to live & reproduce
6. What do cells have to do with living things?
- ALL living things are made of cells.
- unicellular single celled organisms (bacteria)
- simpler life-form
- multicellular organisms with 2 or more cells
- complex life-form (many diverse cells)
7. From where do cells come?
- cells come from other cells (**How did you get so large?)
- cells divide and grow, divide and grow
8. What is true of all cells? What 3 parts of cell theory?
1. All living things made of one or more cells.
2. Cells carry out functions to support life.
3. Cells come from other living cells.
- ** draw the triangle (page 15 TE)
9. In what ways are cells different?
- cells have different size, shape, content
10. How are all cells alike?
- all cells have cell membrane
- outer cover of cell
- controls what goes in, what comes out
- all cells have cytoplasm
- gelatin-like inside of cell
11. What are the 2 major types of cells?
1. prokaryotic cells (simple)
- no nucleus to hold DNA
- no organelles (tiny organ-like parts in cell)
- most are unicellular organisms
2. eukaryotic cells (more complex)
- have nucleus to hold genetic material (DNA)
- have organelles
- usually found in multicellular organisms

S7L2b Relate cell structures to basic cell function.
12. What type of cells do plants & animals have?
- plants & animals have eukaryotic cells
- their cells have a large nucleus
- nucleus controls cell functions
- both have cytoplasm
- both have cell membrane
- separates cell from things outside cell
- plants have a cell wall for support & protection
13. Which organelles process information?
- nucleus directs cell functions using DNA
- ribosomes use DNA info to build proteins
14. Which organelles provide energy for cells?
- cells cant live w/o energy
- plants get energy from sun (photosynthesis)
- chloroplasts use solar energy to make sugar
- some sugar used by plant & some stored
- animals cant use solar energy to make sugar
- animals get energy by eating plants stored energy
- plant & animal cells have mitochondria
- use oxygen to release energy stored in foods
15. What organelles process & move materials?
- endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- makes cell membrane parts (proteins)
- bits of ER breaks to form vesicles
- vesicles transport material to Golgi apparatus
- Golgi apparatus finishes process begun by ER
16. Which organelles are for storage, recycling & waste?
- cells store water, sugar & other materials
- waste must be stored & removed
- vacuoles store water, waste & materials
- found in plant & fungus cells
- work w/cell membrane to move things in & out
- plants have central vacuole
- used to store water & materials
- animal cells have lysosomes
- have chemicals to break down food and waste
17. How are organisms classified?
- by their cell type
- most organisms are unicellular
- Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya (**three domains)
18. What type of cells are Archaea & Bacteria?
- Archaea & Bacteria both Prokaryotic cells
- cells have ribosomes but no other organelles
- early organisms in domain Archaea (**ancient)
- live hostile environments
S7L2b Relate cell structures to basic cell function.
19. What do we know about domain Eukarya?
- cells w/nucleus
- almost all multicellular
- includes fungi, plants, animals
- paramecium complex unicellular eukaryote
- paramecium cell can survive as a single cell
20. Why do multicellular cells specialize?
- many different cells doing different jobs
- blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells
- specialization specific cells doing specific jobs
- single cells from multicellular organisms cant survive on
their own
- specialization in fungi, plants & animals
21. What is the organizational pattern of life?
- cells are basic units of life
- lowest level of organization
- tissues groups of similar cells working together
to do a specific job
- ex: skin is two layers of tissue
- ** How is a brick wall like tissue?
- 4 main tissue types
- epithelial, nerve, muscle, connective
- organs groups of different tissues working
together to do a specific job
- ex: eye, stomach, kidney, lungs, brain
- heart made of 4 types of tissue
- organ systems different organs & tissues working
together to do a job
- help meet the needs of energy & material
- organisms can have a few or many systems
- allow us to grow, reproduce & maintain life
- organism highest level of organization
- one member of a species
- from simple single cell to complex multicellular
- ex: amoeba to human