RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA
ANNEXURE II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION


1


NAME OF THE
CANDIDATE AND
ADDRESS

DR.ATHUL ANTONY SIMON
C/O MR. MANJUNATH N,
#36/2, OPPOSITE RENISSANCE JAGRITHI,
RAMAGONDANAHALLI, WHITEFIELD,
BANGALORE- 560066.

2

NAME OF THE
INSTITUTION

VYEDHI INSTITIUTE OF MEDICAL
SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE,
#82, EPIP AREA, NALLURAHALLI,
WHITEFIELD, BANGALORE-560066.

3

COURSE OF THE STUDY
AND SUBJECT

M.D. ANATOMY.

4

DATE OF ADMISSION TO
COURSE

20
th
April 2011.

5

TITLE OF TOPIC:
DERMATOGLYPHIC PATTERNS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
PATIENTS WITH AN ANGIOGRAPHIC CORRELATION.




6




































BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Ischemic Heart disease (IHD) causes more deaths, disability and incurs greater economic
costs than any other illness in the developed world. Knowledge of the major risk factors
helps to prevent its occurrence.
(1)
Genetic predisposition is one of the known risk factors, and
studies have been previously done to establish the relation between dermatoglyphic pattern
and cardiovascular diseases. Reports are available in medical literature regarding the relation
between dermatoglyphic pattern as an indication of genetic susceptibility in the incidence of
Myocardial Infarction.
(2,3)
However, not many studies have been done to correlate the
changes in the dermatoglyphic patterns and coronary artery block, as visualized in Coronary
Angiogram. This study is done to establish a relation between different dermatoglyphic
patterns and the block in Coronary arteries
(4)
of Myocardial Infarction patients.



6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the most common, serious, chronic, life-threatening
illness in the developed world. High fat and energy rich diet, smoking, and a sedentary life-
style are associated with its emergence. Obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus are powerful risk factors for Ischemic Heart Disease. A substantial increase in
Ischemic Heart Disease are projected worldwide, and Ischemic Heart Disease is likely to
become the most common cause of death worldwide.
(1)



The knowledge of major risk factors help in prevention of Coronary Artery Disease.
However, there are no known major risk factors for the sudden occurrence of Myocardial
Infarction. The study done by Jalali F et al at Babol, Iran in 2002, comparative study of
dermatoglyphic pattern in patients with Myocardial Infarction, showed that there is a
significant relation between the arch types of fingerprint and the risk of Myocardial
Infarction especially on left thumb finger, left ring finger and left fore finger.
(2)








































Dermatoglyphics is a diagnostic aid in a number of diseases having hereditary basis.
Genetics plays an important role in the etiology of Coronary Artery Disease. The study
conducted by Dhall, entitled Utility of fingerprints in Myocardial Infarction patients, from
Rohtak, India in 2000 suggested an increased incidence of Myocardial Infarction in subjects
having a predominance of whorl pattern especially on right thumb finger, right little finger,
and left ring finger.
(3)


Coronary artery system is divided into right and left Coronary artery. The left main
coronary artery again divides into the left anterior descending & left circumflex coronary
artery. The right coronary artery divides into posterior descending artery and the right
marginal artery. Major coronary arteries form a circle and a loop around the heart. The circle
is formed by the right coronary and left circumflex arteries while they pass through the atrio-
ventricular sulci. The loop is formed at right angles to the circle between the ventricles by the
left anterior descending coronary artery and the posterior descending coronary artery while
encircling the septum.
(4)


According to the study conducted by Rashad M.N. on Japanese subjects, individuals with
Myocardial Infarction had a significantly higher frequency of true whorls and a
correspondingly lower frequency of ulnar loops than the control group.
(5)


The review article by Prathibha et al, Conventional Dermatoglyphics revived concept,
Chennai, India, 2011 reviews the various studies done using dermatoglyphics in many
diseases including Myocardial Infarction.
(6)


One of the best known and most widely used dermatoglyphic printing methods utilizes
printers ink and a good quality paper. It is the standard method of finger printing used by
law enforcement agencies for identification purposes. The necessary equipment consists of
printers ink, a roller, a glass or metal inking slab, a sponge rubber pad, a good quality paper,
preferably with a slightly glazed surface.
(7)











7





























6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To determine the most commonly seen dermatoglyphic pattern in Myocardial
Infarction patients.
2. To correlate with the branches of coronary arteries blocked in Coronary
Angiogram with the different dermatoglyphic patterns.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

7.1 SOURCE OF DATA:
In-patients from Cardiology Dept. Vydehi Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research
Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore.

7.2 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION:

7.2.1 STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive type of observational study (Cross-sectional study).

7.2.2 DURATION OF STUDY: January 2012 to December 2012.

7.2.3 SAMPLE SIZE: 100 subjects.

7.2.4 INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Patients with Myocardial Infarction undergoing Coronary Angiography.
Both male and female.

7.2.5 EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
Subjects without block on Coronary Angiogram.
Patient refusing to give consent.
Subjects with Finger Amputation.








































7.2.6 PROCEDURE:
Dermatoglyphic prints of all 10 fingers will be taken using MODIFIED INK
METHOD as per Purvis Smith (1969). The materials used are, printers duplicating ink from
Kores, Cardboard roller, gauze pads and sheets of paper. The patients will be asked to wash
their hands with soap and water to remove grease and dirt present over the palm, after which
hands are dried by wiping them with clean cloth. A small quantity of ink is then applied over
the palm and fingers with a gauze piece and smeared thoroughly in light strokes uniformly.
Finger ridges will be printed starting from thumb to little finger in the same order on a sheet
of paper kept over a table. The finger tips are rolled manually to ensure the full prints of the
ridges, followed by the palm, taking care that the cupped regions of the palm are also printed
properly.
(7)


7.2.7 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
OUTCOME MEASURES:
The qualitative analysis of the most prevalent palmar dermatoglyphic pattern
observed in Myocardial Infarction will be determined.
Percentage of Arch, Whorl, and Loop type of dermatoglyphic patterns with respect to
Single, Dual and Triple vessel disease of Coronary arteries will be calculated.
STATISTICAL TEST:
Chi square test will be used for establishing the association.

7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patients
or other humans or animals?
If so, please describe briefly.
Yes, Coronary Angiography done in the Cardiology Dept. Vydehi Institute Of Medical
Sciences & Research Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore, using C-Arm Fluoroscopy Machine,
Philips Flat Detector 10.

7.4 Has the ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
Yes.


8


LIST OF REFERENCES:
1. Andrew PS, Eugene B. Ischemic Heart Disease. In: Kasper. Harrisons Principles of
Internal Medicine, Volume 2. 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005. p. 1434-1462.

2. Jalali F, Hajian-Tilaki KO. A Comparative Study of Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Patients
with Myocardial Infarction and Control Group. Acta Medica Iranica. 2002; 40(3): 187-
191.

3. Dhall U, Rathee SK, Sharma BD. Utility of fingerprints in Myocardial Infarction
Patients. Journal Of Anatomical Society Of India. 2000; 49(2): 153-154.


4. Nicholas TK, Eugene H. Blackstone. Anatomy, Dimensions, and Terminology. In:
Kirklin, Barratt-Boyes. Cardiac Surgery-Morphology, Diagnostic Criteria, Natural
History, Techniques, Results, and Indications, Volume 1. 3rd ed. New York: Churchill-
Livingstone Elsevier; 2003. p. 22-28.

5. Rashad MN. Dermatoglyphic traits in patients with Cardiovascular disorders. Am J Phys
Anthropol. 1975; 42(2): 281-283.

6. Prathibha Ramani et al. Conventional Dermatoglyphics-revived concept-a review.
International Journal Of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2011; 2(3): 446-458.

7. Schaumann B, Alter M. Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders. New York: Springer
Verlag; 1976. p. 1-59.



9 SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

10 REMARKS OF THE GUIDE
The topic Dermatoglyphic Patterns In Myocardial Infarction patients with an Angiographic
Correlation is of clinical significance. It may be used as a screening method in early
detection of Myocardial Infarction.
11 NAME AND DESIGNATION OF
11.1 GUIDE

DR. M. SHASHI REKHA,
PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF
ANATOMY, VYDEHI
INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL
SCIENCES AND RESEARCH
CENTRE, BANGALORE-560066.


11.2 SIGNATURE


11.3 CO-GUIDE


11.4 SIGNATURE


11.5 HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

DR. VARSHA MOKHASI,
PROFESSOR & H.O.D.,
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY,
VYDEHI INSTITUTE OF
MEDICAL SCIENCES AND
RESEARCH CENTRE,
BANGALORE-560066.


11.6 SIGNATURE

12 12.1 REMARKS OF THE
CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL


12.2 SIGNATURE