Monday Nov.

5, 2012
I. Objectives
Cognitive : Describe static electricity.
Identify ways of producing static electricity.
Observe the effects of static electricity.
Psychomotor : Test the polarity of an electrical charge.
Affective : Recognize the similarity between an electrical charge in matter and
emotional traits in people.
II. Integration
A. Values: Love righteousness and friendship
. !nglis": !tory telling
III. #ubject Matter
1. $nit : "lectrical "nergy
%o&ic : !tatic "lectricity
#ub#to&ic : $olarity of an electrical charge
'e(erence : iTe%tboo& ' !cience and (ealth ' )essie *. +illegas pages ,'-#,''
Materials : plastic sheet tissue paper plastic cup plastic coaster !tyrofoam balls
neon glowlamp paper fastener mas&ing tape
2. )once&ts*'elated Ideas
,. "lectricity is the energy derived from the transfer or flow of electrons from one
body to another.
-. "lectrons are the negative particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom in
different orbits.
a. Those with lower energy levels are attracted closer to the nucleus and occupy
the inner orbits. Those with higher energy levels occupy the outer orbits.
b. The electrons occupying the outermost orbit are those that are most readily
displaced. In some cases they are transferred from one body to another.
/hen this happens the body that loses its electrons becomes positively
charged0 the body that gains the electrons becomes negatively charged.
1. If a charged material can retain its electrical charge it is said to possess a
potential energy called static electricity.
2. (ow does a body ac3uire an electrical charge4 /hen two appropriate materials
such as plastic and paper are rubbed or pressed together some of the loosely
held electrons are transferred from one material to the other. *nd if the two
bodies are abruptly separated the electrons cannot return to their original atoms
and so the two bodies become electrically charged because one body has more
electrons than protons while the other has more protons than electrons. If the
bodies are e%cellent insulators or are insulated they will remain electrically
charged. /e call these charges static electricity.
'. $olarity of an "lectrical 5harge. *n electrical charge e%ists in a material
whenever there is an abundance or scarcity of electrons in comparison with its
number of protons. /here there are more electrons than protons in a material
the material is said to be negatively charged. /here there are more protons the
material is positively charged.
6. One way of identifying the polarity of an electrostatic charge is with the use of a
neon glowlamp or 7e#- lamp. It glows around the negative electrode. Thus a
neon glowlamp does not only detect the presence of the charge0 it also
determines the polarity of the charge.
3. +rocess #,ills
Observing identifying describing inferring
IV. +rocedure
A. +re&aratory Activities
8reetings
5hec&ing of attendance
5hec&ing of assignments
1. Motivation
Our new unit is energy. Do you know what energy is? How did you define energy in
Grade 4?
Energy is the ability to do work. It simply means that it can moe an ob!ect.
"#how a magnet$ %his is a magnet. Does it hae energy? &an it pick up any of these tiny
ob!ects? "nails' buttons' screws' bits of paper' tiny styrofoam balls' etc$
"#how a plastic comb$ Does this comb hae energy? &an it pick up any of these ob!ects?
Do you want to know how this comb can pick any of these materials?
(atch this ")ub the comb with tissue tissue paper$
2. +resentation
"*arrate a brief historical background of static electricity$ (ay back in the +
th
century
,.&. the Greek philosopher %hales rubbed a piece of amber "a kind of resin$ with a cloth and
he became amused that the amber was able to attract dust and bits of feather. In the -+
th
century
..D an Englishman Dr. Gilbert discoered that friction can make other materials behae in a
similar way. He gae this mysterious power to attract the name electricity' from elektron' the
Greek word for amber. %hen in the -/
th
century a German named Guericke rotated a large ball
of sulfur to rub against his hand. It did not only attract bits of materials0 it also produced a
spark. In -/41 a Dutch at 2eyden 3niersity' thinking that electricity was some kind of
inisible apor' tried to dissole it into a !ar of water by connecting a wire from the frictional
machine into the water. (hen the machine was remoed and he touched the wire' he got an
electrical shock. %he deice was later improed and became the first electrical condenser' and
was named 2eyden !ar. %he .merican ,en!amin 4ranklin suspected that the spark from the
frictional machine was a miniature lightning. %o test his theory' he flew a kite tied to a moist
cord with a metal key at the bottom of the cord' into a storm cloud. %he key gae off large
sparks' and was able to charge a 2eyden !ar' confirming his theory that lightning and electricity
are one and the same thing. %his form of electricity is what we now call static electricity.
3. )once&t -or.ation
-. Open your books to page -15.
5. (hat is electricity?
6. "#how a diagram of an atom$ Electrons are the negatie particles that reole around
the nucleus' which contain the positiely charged protons. %he electron reole in
different orbits. %hose electrons with less energy are attracted closer to the nucleus and
occupy the inner orbits. %hose with more energy occupy the outer orbits. "Demonstrate
actiity -$ (hen a material is rubbed' the electrons occupying the outermost orbit are
readily displaced. In some cases' they are transferred from one body to another. (hen
this happens' the body that loses its electrons becomes positiely charged0 the body that
gains the electrons becomes negatiely charged.
4. If a charged material can retain its electrical charge' it is said to possess a potential
energy called static electricity.
1. (hat can an electrically charged body do? %urn to page -16.
+. )ub the plastic sheet with paper and abruptly separate them. &an the plastic attract
bits of paper? (hy?
/. &an the piece of paper attract tiny bits of paper? (hy?
7. %he plastic is an e8cellent insulator so it can hold its electric charge. %he paper is not
as good an insulator as the plastic0 it cannot keep its charge.
9. #tatic electricity is the kind of electricity in which the electrons do not trael
anywhere in particular' but are confined in a material. If we may say so' current
electricity is a form of kinetic energy while static electricity is a form of potential energy.
%he difference between current and static electricity may be better understood by using
water as an analogy. (ater flowing in pipes is like current electricity' while water in an
eleated tank is like static electricity.
-:. . body that carries static electricity is said to be electrically charged. It is either
positie or negatie. (hen is it positie and when is it negatie?
--. ,etween the plastic and the paper' one of them is positie while the other is negatie.
(e hae no way of saying which one unless we test their polarity. One way of identifying
the polarity of an electrostatic charge is with the use of a neon glowlamp' or *e;5 lamp.
"#how a sample$ It glows around the negatie electrode. If the pin that touches the
material being tested is the pin that glows' then the material is negatie. If the other pin is
the one that glows' the material is positie.
-5. In actiity 5' you will test the polarity of the plastic sheet.
4. !n"ance.ent Activities
How does a body ac<uire and electrical charge? (hat can a charged body do? page -16
(hat is the polarity of an electrical charge? page -11
5. /enerali0ations
(hat is static electricity?
(hen and how does a body ac<uire static electricity?
(hat is the polarity of an electrical charge?
6. A&&lication*Integration
A charged body can attract other objects. A person who is "charged" with love has the
power to attract other persons. Anyone who loves others, no matter who or what they are, will
be loved by others in the same way. Love is the most important ingredient of life. Withot it, life
is empty. Love permeates warmth and meaning.
A neon glowlamp detects a positive or a negative charge. !he conscience is like the neon
glowlamp of man" it tells yo whether what yo are doing is right or wrong. #o yo always
listen to yor conscience$
7. !valuation
%. &lectricity is the energy derived from
a$ the flow of electrons from one body to another.
b$ lightning and thunderstorms.
c$ the potential energy of water in dams and reseroirs.
d$ the kinetic energy of waterfalls.
'. Lightning is a discharge of
a$ current electricity. c$ static electricity.
b$ atmospheric electricity. d$ electromagnetism.
(. )tatic electricity is
a$ electricity in motion. c$ direct current.
b$ electricity at rest. d$ alternating current.
*. A body that carries static electricity is said to be
a$ electrically neutral. c$ electrically charged.
b$ electrically discharged. d$ electrocuted.
+. What may happen when two bodies are broght into intimate contact sch as rbbing,
pressing, and ponding$
a$ One body becomes electrically charged.
b$ ,oth bodies become electrically charged.
c$ Only the insulator becomes electrically charged.
d$ *othing will happen.
,. A material that loses electrons becomes
a$ positiely charged. c$ alternately charged.
b$ negatiely charged. d$ electrically neutral.
-. A material that is negatively charged has an e.cess of
a$ protons. c$ electrons.
b$ neutrons. d$ .ll of the aboe.
/. Any material that is electrically charged has
a. potential energy. c$ lost its electrical energy.
b. kinetic energy. d$ the ability to light lamps.
9. What can electrically charged particles do$
a$ 2ight incandescent lamps. c$ )un electric motors.
b$ .ttract tiny and light ob!ects. d$ .ll of the aboe.

8. Assign.ent
-. =ake an electroscope.
5. (hat is potential difference?