Topic 1 Parts of Speech / Word Class: Waj 3103 English Language Proficiency 11

WAJ 3103 ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY 11
TOPIC 1 PARTS OF SPEECH / WORD CLASS

Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunctions.
1. Althoughhe tried hard, he failed to get through the security.
2. Wait here until I tell you to moe.
!. "ake your umbrella because it is going to rain.
#. $a%ali is slow but smart.
&. As he was ill, he had to stay at home.
'. I shall not ride in his carriage unless inited.
(. )e kind and you will be rewarded.
*. )oth A%lan and his wife are attending the ceremony.
+. As soon as he is ready, bring down the cake.
1,. -e is niether here nor there.
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with ec!"se, si#ce, s$ and !s %$#& !s.
1. "he house was in need of major repairs so we decided not to buy it.
2.As long as you are .I"/ students, you must always abide by its rules and
regulations.
!. We decided not to go out shopping because we were tired.
#. 0ou can play with your friends as long as you hae finished your homework.
&. $ince the weather was bad, we had to cancel the camping trip.
3
Exercise 3
1oin the sentences using e'$re( !')er or *+i%e,
1. "he children were sleeping on the second floor. "he fire started in the
basement.
"he children were sleeping on the second floor *+i%e the fire started in the
basement.
2. It rained heaily. We arried at the camping site.
It rained heaily e'$re we arried at the camping site.
!. "he nomads set up the tent. "hey tied up the camels.
"he nomads set up the tent !')er they tied up the camels.
#. "he police rushed oer the house. "hey receied the emergency call.
"he police rushed oer the house !')er they receied the emergency call.
&. I withdrew some money from the bank. I went shopping.
I withdrew some money from the bank e'$re I went shopping.
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions
1. "he picture is hanging on the door in the bedroom at the house.
2. 0ou can2t find the plate3 /aybe it is at the entrance of the kitchen or in the
kitchen or hanging on the wall.
!. A4 I see you at the junction.
)4 5o, I am in the building on the ground floor.
#. 6lease go and get the leaflet at the front desk in the main office. It is on the
chair.
&. 7wen is studying Accountancy in 8ngland.
4
Exercise 2
"he following sentences hae the prepositions !), i# or $# omitted. 9ewrite each
sentence, inserting the preposition !)( i# or $# in the correct position.
1. We can look for car accessories the new hypermarket Ampang 1aya.
We can look for car accesories !) the new hypermarket i# Ampang 1aya.
2. 6eople /alaysia lie peace and harmony.
6eople i# /alaysia lie i# peace and harmony.
!. $andra works as a sales assistant an anti:ue shop 1onker $treet.
$andra works as a sales assistant i# an anti:ue shop on 1onker $treet.
#. "he little child was trapped the bottom of the wall.
"he little child was trapped !) the bottom of the well.
&. "he parcel that you hae been waiting for is your study table.
"he parcel that you hae been waiting for is $# your study table.
'. /os:uitoes breed clear stagnant water.
/os:uitoes breed i# clear stgnant water.
(. ;o look the different models aailable the market before you decide which
bicycle to buy.
;o look !) the different models aailable i# the market before you decide which
bicycle to buy.
5
TOPIC 2 LISTENING AND SPEA-ING S-ILLS
Exercises
1. "8<8=I$I>5 ;>?./85"A90
Watch and listen to a teleision documentary.
Identify the issue@s being discussed and gie your personal response.
#. 58W$ 986>9"
<isten to the 8nglish news either on teleision or radio.
<ist three issues that made the headlines today.
5ews 14 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5ews 24 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5ews !4 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
6roide reasons why they made the headlines.
5ews 14 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5ews 2 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
5ews ! AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Exercise 1
6
0our class is organi%ing a project for the following semester holidays. "he
following are some of the suggestions made by the members of the class for the
project4
1. >rganise an educational trip to an >rang Asli settlement in ?ameron
-ighlands.
2. 6articipate in a foster family programme with a group of F8<;A settlers in
1engka.
!. 7o on a study trip to )orobudur in Indonesia
#. ?onduct free tuition classes for the underpriileged school children near
your campus.
"hink of arious ways of agreeing and disagreeing with each of the suggestions
aboe. <ist them. $upport your opinion appropriately.
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Fill in the dialogue with appropriate phrases.
7
$ituation 1 4 "he waiter doesn2t hae what the customer wants.
0ou 4 ?ould I hae fried noodles, please3
Waiter 4 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0ou 4 Well, could I hae a mushroom omelette3
Waiter 4 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0ou 4 >h, it doesn2t matter then. I2ll just hae a cup of coffee,
please.
$ituation 2 4 9ahim arries home.
-asnah 4 ;id you remember to buy me some
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA3
9ahim 4 >h AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA I completely forgot.
-asnah 4 Well, I hope you remembered to post my letters.
9ahim 4 What letters3
-asnah 4 "he ones I gae you this morning.
9ahim 4 >h AAAAAAAAAAAAAA"hey are still at the office.
$ituation ! 4 Bikin has just won an essay competition.

Bikin 4 6apa, I2e won the essay competitionC
6apa 4 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 0ou made itC
Bikin 4 AAAAAAAAAAAA 6apa, for your support and guidance.
6apa 4 >h well, I know you are good like your papa.
Bikin 4 >h yes, like they say, like father like daughter.
6apa 4 Bikin, I am really AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
8
TOPIC 3 READING S-ILLS
.!/ READ FOR 0EANING AND UNDERSTANDING A 1ARIETY
OF TE2TS
Exercise
Re!3 e!c+ $' )+e '$%%$*i#& 4!r!&r!4+s c!re'"%%5, L$$6 "4 !#5 "#'!7i%i!r
*$r3s i' #ecess!r5, T+e# c+$$se )+e )i)%e )+!) es) 3escries )+e 7!i# i3e!
$' e!c+,
1. .niersities are a microcosm of society. )ut they are more than a reflection or
mirrorD they are a leading indicator. In uniersities, an enironment where
students lie, eat, and study together, racial and cultural differences come
together in the closest possible way. >f all American institutions, perhaps only
the military brings people of such different backgrounds into more intimate
contact. With coeducation now a reality in colleges, and with the confident
emergence of homoseEual groups, the American campus is now seEually
democrati%ed as well. .niersity leaders see it as a useful laboratory
eEperiment in training young people for a multicultural habitat. /ichael
$oern, president of ?olumbia, obseres, FI like to think that we are leading
society by grappling earnestly and creatiely with the challenges posed by
diersity.F
GG;inesh ;H$ou%a, Illiberal 8ducation
1. "he es) title for this paragraph is
A. F"he .niersity 8nironmentF
). F$eEual ;emocrati%ation on American ?ollege ?ampusesF
C. F"he .niersity s.the /ilitaryF
;. F"he .niersity as a /icrocosm of $ocietyF
2. /arriage was not designed as a mechanism for proiding friendship, erotic
eEperience, romantic loe, personal fulfillment, continuous psychotherapy, or
recreation. "he Western 8uropean family was not designed to carry a lifelong
load of highly emotional romantic freight. 7ien its present structure, it simply
has to fail when asked to do so. "he ery idea of an irreocable contract
obligating the parties concerned to a lifetime of romantic effort is utterly
absurd.
9
GG/eryn ?adwallader, F/arriage as a Wretched Institution,F Atlantic /onthly
2. "he es) title for this paragraph is
A. F.nrealistic 8Epectations in Western /arriagesF
). F"he Failure of 9omanceF
?. FWhy /arriages Are ;oomed to FailureF
;. F/arriage and 9omanceF
!. "he baby mastering the skills that lead to establishment of the upright
posture behaes in the same way as the noice skier. -e feels compelled to
repeat the actiity hundreds of times until he has mastered the skill and
mastered his anEiety. -e often reeals that he is haing difficulty in
FunwindingF when we put him to bed for his nap or for the night, and if you
peek into his room while he is settling down for sleep Ior unsettling down for
sleepJ, you may see him, groggy and crossGeyed with fatigue, still climbing
and pulling himself upright, collapsing momentarily with weariness, then
eEerting himself for another climb. -e repeats this oer and oer until finally
he cannot lift himself een once more and succumbs to sleep. >ne set of
parents discoered their eightGmonthGold daughter climbing in her sleep on
seeral occasions during this mastery period. At eleen or twele at night they
could hear soft sounds in the babyHs room and upon entering would find the
baby standing in her crib, da%ed and dimly conscious, too sleepy to protest
when she was put down in her bed again. When the art of standing was
perfected, the baby gae up practicing in her sleep.
GG$elma -. Fraiberg, "he /agic 0ears
"he es) title for this paragraph is
A. F)abiesH 5ighttime ActiitiesF
8, F-ow a )aby /asters the $kill of $tandingF
?. F"he $leep -abits of )abiesF
;. F6ractice /akes 6erfectF
10
./ USE CONTE2TUAL( SYNTACTIC AND SE0ANTIC CLUES TO DERI1E
0EANING
Exercise
Write the meaning for each of the nonsense words by reading the conteEts.
1. )ultums
)ultums are useful to wear when the weather is cold.
$ome bultums are waterproof.
"here are different types of bultums for different occasions.
$ome houses hae a special cupboard near the front door where isitors
can hang their bultums
)ultum means4 1acket
2. Bester
/other gets kester when we are late home for dinner.
"he teacher was ery kester when a student broke the computer.
As people get older, they usually learn to control their kester moment.
A kester person does not think as clearly as a nonGkester person
Bester means4 "emperamental

11
.3/ DISTINGUISH FACT FRO0 OPINION
Exercise
9ead the following statements. ;etermine whether each statement is a fact or
opinion. What are some of the signal words3
N$, S)!)e7e#)s F!c) / O4i#i$#
1 "he cerebral corteE or brain is characteri%ed by a
diision into hales termed hemispheres which are
connected by tissue called the corpus callosum.
Fact
2 I think it is more interesting to watch a moie than to
watch football at the stadium.
>pinion
! "he majority of drug addicts are between the ages 12
K !& years.
Fact
# I beliee that kids skip school because teachers are
unsympathetic.
>pinion
& As a matter of fact, oil spills from factories hae been
found to be related to the death of marine life.
Fact
' In my iew, men are better at raising children than
women.
>pinion
( It is a matter of opinion that all facts are scientific
facts.
>pinion
* According to the national weather serice, there is a
+, per cent chance of rain today. "herefore, it will
probably rain today.
>pinion
12
Exercise
A. 9ead the following paragraph and circle the transition words that show time.
0ou can make your own cards to celebrate special eents. Firs), gather the
materials you need4 construction paper, scissors, crayons or markers, and
glue. Sec$#3, fold a piece of construction paper to create a card that has a
front, a back, and an inside. ?ut out interesting shapes from more
construction paper, and glue the shapes to the front and back of your card.
0ou may also draw colorful pictures on the front and back of the card.
Fi#!%%5, write a brief message inside the card, and sign your name. N$*
youHre ready to gie your card to someone special.
). 9ead the sentences below and circle the transition words that compare or
contrast.
1. I was anEious to leae. H$*e9er, we had to wait until .ncle 6ete arried.
2. /other told us to hurry onto the bus. O)+er*ise, we all would hae been caught in
the rain.
!. I make my sandwich in the same way that $hawna does. We both use food
)+!) is peanut free because of our food allergies.
#. I asked about the homework, ") neither "odd nor Antonio knew what had been
assigned.
&. E9e# )+$"&+ it was ery cold, /ary )eth did not wear a jacket.
?. "ransition words hae been left out in the following paragraph. $elect
appropriate words from the list below, and write them in the blanks. "here
can be more than one word that fits in some blanks. $elect the one that you
think fits best.
>ne upon a time there lied a family of bears in a loely wooded area. "heir
home was under some trees beside a small stream. >ne day while the bears
were not at home, a little girl came to the house. Frist , she knocked on the door.
"hen, een though no one answered her knock, she entered the house. 5eEt,
she ate some of the bearsH food, and she napped on one of their beds.
13
/eanwhile, the bears returned home. "hey were surprised to see their door
open. "heir roars woke up the girl, and she fearfully ran from the house, through
the woods, and back to her own home. As a result of her eEperiences, she neer
again went into the woods alone.
.&/ IDENTIFY WRITER:S 0OOD( TONE( 8IAS( PURPOSE OR
POINT OF 1IEW
Exercise
1. What is the writerHs attitude towards pure scientists3 Find 'i9e words@phrases
in this passage that indicate the writerHs attitude.
6ure scientists hae by and large been dimGwitted about engineers and
applied science. "hey couldnHt recognise that many of the problems were as
intellectually eEacting as pure problems, and that many of the solutions were
as satisfying and beautiful. "heir instinct GG perhaps sharpened in this country
by the passion to find a new snobbism whereer possible, and to inent one if
it doesnHt eEist GG was take it for granted that applied science was an
occupation of secondGrate minds.
2. What is tone of the eEcerpt below3
What deices does he use to show his attitude to the goernment of
$ingapore, caning and Americans who support the caning3
;oes he try to present his own inferences as facts3
What kind of person does he want to be seen as3
What kind of person do you infer him to be3
"he erb FtortureF is defined in the WebsterHs "enth ?ollegiate ;ictionary as Fthe
infliction of intense pain Ias from burning, crushing or woundingJ to punish,
coerce or afford sadistic pleasureF. "he dictatorship of $ingapore has found an
American teenager guilty of sprayGpainting cars and sentenced him to four
months in prison, a L2,,,, fine GG and torture. $ingaporeHs torture of choice is
flogging by rattan cane which elicits the screams satisfying to the torturer and
scars the torturee physically and mentally for life. "orture is an act of saagery as
old as ciilisation. ;emosthenes described it as the surest means of obtaining
eidence. "omas de "or:uenada issued detailed instructions for its use in the
14
$panish In:uisitions.
)ut now ciilised nations hae a ?oenant on ?iil and 6olitical 9ights that
declares, F5o one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading
punishment.F "he .nited 5ations has a F?onention Against "ortureF. "he
goernment of $ingapore stands aloof from the uniersal condemnation.
$ingaporeHs dictator is actually proud of his countryHs reputation for keeping order
by inflicting pain. /oreoer, his diplomats in the .nited $tates report that many
Americans endorse the lashing to be meted out to the young offender. "hat some
people in America thoughtlessly espouse torture is undeniable. >ne sap on the
street in Washington told a New York Times reporter4 If youHe eer had your
antenna ripped off your car, you can sympathise with the goernment of
$ingapore. <ash him.F
I hae had more than a few antennas ripped off my car, and a few swastikas
sprayed on my house, and hae felt a surge of mindless fury at the perpetrators.
)ut I hae also seen a Burdish patriot crippled for life by one of $addam
-usseinHs tortures, and witnessed the misdirected selfGloathing on the face of a
rape ictim, and I donHt think any person or goernment has any right to inflict any
physical pain on another human being.
(From "he 5ew 0ork "imes, 1994 "The Caning of Michael Fay, by William
afire!
.+/ UNDERSTAND THE USE OF FIGURATI1E LANGUAGE AND
ITS EFFECT ON 0EANING
Exercise
9ead the lyrics below and identify the fig"ra#i$e lang"age%
8re!)+ .2!7/
2 A/ and she calls me Hcause IHm still awake,
F?an you help me unrael my latest mistake3
I donHt loe him. Winter just wasnHt my seasonF
0eah we walk through the doors, so accusing their eyes
<ike they hae any right at all to critici%e,
-ypocrites. 0ouHre all here for the ery same reason
?horus4
H?ause you canHt jump the track, weHre like cars on a cable G simile
And lifeHs like an hourglass, glued to the table K personification @ simile
5o one can find the rewind button, girl.
15
$o cradle your head in your hands G personification
And breathe... just breathe,
>h breathe, just breathe
/ay he turned 21 on the base at Fort )liss
F1ust a dayF he said down to the flask in his fist,
FAinHt been sober, since maybe >ctober of last year.F
-ere in town you can tell heHs been down for a while,
)ut, my 7od, itHs so beautiful when the boy smiles,
Wanna hold him. /aybe IHll just sing about it.
?horus
"hereHs a light at each end of this tunnel, G metaphor
0ou shout Hcause youHre just as far in as youHll eer be out G simile
And these mistakes youHe made, youHll just make them again
If you only try turning around..
2 A/ and IHm still awake, writing a song
If I get it all down on paper, itHs no longer inside of me,
"hreatening the life it belongs to
And I feel like IHm naked in front of the crowd G simile
?ause these words are my diary, screaming out loud G personification
And I know that youHll use them, howeer you want to
)ut you canHt jump the track, weHre like cars on a cable,
And lifeHs like an hourglass, glued to the table
5o one can find the rewind button now
$ing it if you understand.
and breathe, just breathe
woah breathe, just breathe,
>h breathe, just breathe,
>h breathe, just breathe.
Exercise
?hoose the correct meaning.
&% &nimal '(ioms
1. WowC ItHs raining cats and dogs todayC I wish IHd brought my umbrella to
schoolC
a. I forgot my umbrella today.
. ItHs raining heaily.
c. ?ats and dogs are falling from the sky.
2. When I told my mom I would be home around 2 am, she had a cowC
a. /y mom bought a baby cow.
b. /y mom is really strange.
c. /y mom was really upset.
16
!. 1ean4 -ow did you know it was my birthday today3
$usan4 >h, a little birdie told meC
a. 1ean told $usan it was her birthday.
. An unnamed person told $usan about 1eanHs birthday.
c. $usan told 1ean it was her birthday.
#. Frank4 Why didnHt your brother ride the roller coaster with us3
$am4 >h, heHs such a scaredy catC -e wonHt get on any fast ride.
!. $amHs brother is afraid to ride the roller coaster.
b. $amHs brother is a cat.
c. $amHs brother didnHt go to the roller coaster.
)% )ody Idiom
I3i$7 0e!#i#&
0ou did it. 0ou +!9e )$ '!ce )+e
7"sic,
0ou hae to accept the conse:uences of your
actions.
0es. 0ou +i) )+e #!i% $# )+e +e!3, 0ouHre absolutely right.
0ou two donHt see e5e )$ e5e, 0ou donHt agree with each other.
0ou hae to %e!r# i) 5 +e!r), 0ou hae to memori%e it.
Exercise
Re!3 )+e '$%%$*i#& 4!r!&r!4+ !#3 !#s*er )+e ;"es)i$#s )+!) '$%%$*,
In ancient times people belieed in the predictions and adice of astrologers
because astrology was part and parcel of their magical world iew. "hey looked
upon celestial objects as abodes or omens of the 7ods and, thus, intimately
connected with eents here on earthD they had no concept of the ast distances
from the earth to the planets and stars. 5ow that these distances can and hae
been calculated, we can see how infinitesimally small are the graitational and
other effects produced by the distant planets and the far more distant stars. It is
simply a mistake to imagine that the forces eEerted by stars and planets at the
moment of birth can in any way shape our futures. 5either is it true that the
position of distant heaenly bodies make certain days or periods more faorable
to particular kinds of action, or that the sign under which one was born
determines oneHs compatibility or incompatibility with other people.
GG)art 1. )ok, F>bjections to Astrology,F "he -umanist
1. "his paragraph is a AAAAAAAAAAAAA.
A. narration
). description
17
C. eEposition
;. persuasion
2. Which of the following can we accurately infer3 Astrology deeloped in the
ancient world largely because
A. people belieed that the stars and planets were deities
8. it was part of their traditional mythology
?. they had a desire to eEplain what they didnHt understand
;. they were scientifically ignorant
!. "he authorHs attitude toward astrology can be bes# described as
A, unbelieing
). angry
?. sympathetic
;. laudatory
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(WAJ3103 ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY)

Topic 1 Parts of Speech / Word Class: Waj 3103 English Language Proficiency 11

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