Cat 3412E engine, with the hydraulically actuated, electronically controlled unit injector fuel

system (HEUI), offer superior lugging performance fuel efficiency and reliability. The 12
cylinder engine is turbocharger with a high displacement to horsepower ratio. This large
displacement produces better lugging capability, lower internal stresses and longer component
life.
Superior lugging performance. High torque output and high torque rise makes the 3412E
engine very responsive. The engines lugging capability allows it to pull through sudden, short-
term increases in loads, reducing the need to downshift. As a result the operator can maintain
consistent, deliverable working speeds which means the work gets done faster. HEUI Fuel
system - Fuel efficiency and lower emissions. The HEUI system uses hydraulically actuated
electronically controlled unit injectors to pressurize and inject fuel providing the optional mix of
fuel and air. This high injection pressure coupled with precise electronic metering and timing of
the fuel injection, results in superior fuel efficiency, improved engine performance and reduced
emissions and operation noise.
Flexible controls of fuel injection timing, pressure and duration over the entire engine
speed range assure faster engine response and improved performance in any
application.
High compression ratios ensure dependable cold starting performance an low
emissions.
Electronic engine control. Precise electronic speed governing, active and logged diagnostic
codes, cold start up mode, low oil pressure warning coolant temperature warning are some of
the features added by the electronic engine control to provide efficient and productive engine
operation.
Low engine life. The large bore-stroke design and conservative power rating heip to minimize
internal stresses and increase component life. A wide journal crankshaft with a large rod
bearing surface significantly increases bearing life.
Ether starting aid comes standard on the 24H to help ensure engine starting in the extreme
cold. The system monitors engine coolant temperature to prevent ether from being injected into
a hot engine.
Power shift transmission. Caterpillar designs and built transmissions specifically for Cat
motor grades. The transmission provides on-the-go-fuel -power shifting as well as inching
capability. A single lever controls direction and gear selection.
Gear selections. Six forward speed and three reverse speeds give the operator a wide
operation range. With three gear selections below 6.0 mph, the operator can't precisely much
working speeds to job conditions for maximum productivity, moving and mining applications.
Lockup clutch torque converter. Permits the machine to operate in direct drive for more
efficient operation at higher torque converter output speeds.
Hydraulic Steering System Schematic
Planetary design. Balanced planetary transmission with diameter oil cooled clutch packed
provides superior load distribution and heat dissipation resulting in longer transmission life.
Control Valves. Designed and manufacturer by Caterpillar, control valves provide smooth, yet
firm, engagement of direction and speed clutches. This reduces shock to power train
components while permitting quick smooth automatic shifting. Smooth shifts reduce operation
fatigue and help increase productivity.
Transmission neutralizer. The transmission neutralizer is available to disengage power to the
wheels. The neutralizer is used to maintain fuel hydraulic flow while allowing the machine to
allow travel speed.
Oil-Disc Brakes. Caterpillar designs and builds multi-disc brakes that are completely sealed
and adjustment-free. The brakes are oil-bathed, oil-actuated and spring-released. They are
located at edge tandem wheel to eliminate braking loads on the power train and to speed up
servicing. The large brake surface provides dependable braking capability and log life before
rebuild.
Parking Brake. The parking brake is spring-applied and oil released. The transmission is
neutralized when the parking brake is engaged.



HYDRAULICS
Location
Item Number Component Description
1 Steering Hydraulic Tank Group
2 Steering Hydraulic Tank Filter
3 Steering Gear Pump
4 Electric Secondary Steering & Brake
Retract Pump
5 Accumulator
6 Flow Control Valve Group
7 Flow Switch Assembly
8 Check Valve Group
9 Hand Metering Unit (HMU)
10 Relief Valve Group For Steering
Cylinders
11 Steering Cylinder Group
12 Magnetic Switch Assembly
13 Manual / Auto Panel Switch
14 Electronic Control Group
Power on demand. Normally, the variable displacement pump idles at near-zero output. When
it senses a load requirement the pump supplies flow and pressure to match the demand. The
result is less hydraulic system heat and lower horsepower consumption. Control valves are
designed and built by Caterpillar specifically for motor graders. They provide outstanding
operator feel and predictable system response for unmatched control. To help maintain exact
blade settings lock valves are built into all control valves. Line relief valves are also
incorporated into selected control valves to protect the cylinders from over- pressurizations.
Secondary steering. Provides hydraulic oil flow, via a ground-driven pump, to the steering
system if the engine fails or main hydraulic pump flow is lost while the machine is operating.
Low operator effort. Controls are designed to reduce operator fatigue. They feature short lever
throws allow the operator to use multiple controls with one hand.
Balanced flow. When the operator users several controls at one time, flow is proportioned to
ensure all implements can operate simultaneously.
Large independent oil supply prevents cross-contamination and provides proper oil cooling,
which means less heat build-up and longer component life.
1. Lock valve
2. Line relief valve
INTERNAL STRUCTURE: HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
IMPLEMENT HYDRAULIC SYSTEM


TO
STEERING
SYSTEM
ACCUMULATOR
PILOT
AND
STEERING
PUMP