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SONAL SHARMA
AAYOJAN SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE,JAIPUR
BATCH 11

CONTENTS
1. Meaning of Art Deco & Period 1

2. Place of Origin 2
3. Character tics 3-6
4. Influence 7
5.






6.
Famous Buildings of Art Deco
a) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
b) CHRYSLER BUILDING
c)ROCKEFELLER CENTRE
d) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER
e) VILLA CAVROIS
f ) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE
Art Deco in Theatres
8-31






32-37
7. Art Deco in Automobiles & Furniture 38-40
8.

9.
Decline & resurgence

Bibliography

41

42
S.no
TOPIC
Page
No.
ART DECO
ART DECO-MEANING
Movement that engulfed its own unique artistry as
it raced through interwar culture at exhilarating
speed.

It was coined in 1966.

Term derives from 1
st
syllables of French for
decorative arts(ARTS DECORATIFS).

Unique for its short life span as an exotic influence
on Art Deco is Egyptian styling which emerged with
discovery of Tutankhamuns tomb in 1922 but all
disappeared by late 1920s.
PERIOD
Began in 1920s,flourished internationally
throughout the 1930s,into World War II era.
1.
ART DECO.
PLACE-
Began
in
PARIS
2
ART DECO
CHARACTERTICS-
Represents elegance, glamour,
functionality and modernity.
Art Decos linear symmetry was a distinct
departure from the following asymmetrical
organic curves of its predecessor style Art
Nouveau.


It was purely decorative ornamental.
Structure of Art Deco style is based on
mathematical geometric shapes.



Art Deco used machine age & streamline
technology such as electric lighting and
skyscraper.
.
3
ART DECO
.
Themes of Art Deco were trapezoidal, zig-
zagged, jumbled shapes eg :FISHER
BUILDING,GURDIAN BUILDING in Detroit,
United States.
4
GURDIAN BUILDING
FISHER BUILDING
Use of stepped forms and geometric curves,
chevron pattern, ziggural shapes ,sunburst motif
.



Art Deco is characterized by use of materials
such as Aluminium, Stainless Steel, Bakelite,
Chrome ,and inlaid Wood.

Exotic material such as Sharkskin and Zebra
skin were also evident.


5 ART DECO
SUN BURST MOTIF

CHEVRON PATTERN

Some of these motifs were ubiquitous for eg
:sun burst motif were used in such varied
context as women shoes, radiator grilles and
clock faces.eg: AUDITORIUM OF RADIO
CITY MUSIC HALL
6
ART DECO
SUN BURST MOTIF
ART DECO.
INFLUENCE-
It embraced influence from many different
styles of early 20
th
century, including
NEOCLASSICAL,CONSTRUCTIVISM,CUBIS
M,MODERSINE,FUTURISM

It drew inspiration from ancient Egyptian
&Aztec farms.

Art Deco is said to have represented the
cultural policies of its time with eolecticism
have been one of its defining features.

7
ART DECO
FAMOUS BUILDINGS
OF THIS PERIOD-
8
A) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING

B) CHRYSLER BUILDING

C) ROCKEFELLER CENTRE

D) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER

E) VILLA CAVROIS

F) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE
9
ART DECO
Empire state building, NY (U.S)

Type- office building
Architect- william f.lamba
Contractors: starret brothers



Design/construction:
It was designed from the top down.

Excavation of site began on 21
st
jan,1930.
Construction on building started on 17
th

march.(st.patricks day)
Project involved 3,400 workers.

Completion time-1year 45days.

Total cost-$40,948,900

10
ART DECO
Architecture:

Height at 102
nd
floor-381m including 62m high
pinnacle.

Full height-443.09m

Has 85 stories of commercial and office space
representing 200,500sq.m.

Indoor and outdoor observation deck on 86
th

floor.

Remaining 16stories represent art deco tower,
capped by 102
nd
floor observatory.
11
ART DECO
DETAILS OF PINNACLE
12
ART DECO
ART DECO.
A top tower is 62m pinnacle which is covered by broadcast
antennas,with lighting rod at very top.
1
st
building to have more than 100 floors.

Has 6,500 windows and 73 elevators.

Steps from street level to 102
nd
floor-1860.

Total floor are of 257,211sqm

Base of building is 8,094sqm

Building houses 1,000 businesses.

It is 2
nd
largest single office complex in America after the
Pentagon.

Its original 64 elevators are located in central core.
.
13
Building has 113km of pipe,760,000m of electrical
wire:29000faucets.

Building is heated by low pressure steam, despite its
height.

Building approximately weighs 340,000tons.

Exterior of building was built using indiana limestone
panels.

The modernistic stainless steel canopies of the
entrances on 33
rd
and 34
th
streets lead to two storey high
corridors around the elevator care, crossed by stainless
steel and glass enclosed bridges at the second floor
level.

Lobby is three stories high and features an aluminium
relief of the skyscraper.
14 ART DECO
North corridor contains eight illuminated panels,
depicting the building as eighth wonder of the world,
alongside traditional seven.
15 ART DECO
PLAN
16 ART DECO
ISOMETRIC VIEW
SECTION
17
ART DECO
ART DECO
Type: Office building(car manufacturer)
Construction started: 1928
Construction completed:1930
Architect-William van alen




Total height till antenna-319.9m

Roof-282.0m

Top floor-274.0m
18
CHRYSLER BUILDING ,Manhattan
(New York)
ART DECO
Was the worlds tallest building for 11months before it was
surpassed by empire state building.

It was built at an average rate of 4 floors per wt.

Its original design resembled a jewel like glass crow.

It featured a base in which the showroom windows were
tripled in height and topped by 12 stories with glass-wrapped
corners, creating an impression that tower floating in mid-air.

Earlier building was designed to be 246m but it proved to be
too advanced and costly.

In total 400,000 rivets were used.
19
Approx. 3,826,000 bricks were manually laid .

Building had non-load bearing walls.

38m long pier was secretly constructed inside the frame of
the building.

It was delivered to site in four different sections.

Bottom section of spire was hoisted onto top of buildings
dome and lowered into 66
th
floor of the building.

Added height of spire allowed Chrysler building to be the
tallest building in the world after Eiffel tower.

1
st
man made structure to stand taller than 305m.
Worlds tallest steel-supported brick building.


Distinctive ornamentation of building is based on features
that were then being used on Chrysler automobiles.
20 ART DECO
ART DECO
Corners of 61
st
floor are graced with eagles ,replicas of
1929 Chrysler hood ornaments.
On 31
st
floor, corner ornamentation are replicas of 1929
Chrysler radiator caps.
Building is constructed of masonry, with steel frame and
metal cladding.
Building contains 3,862 windows on its faade and 4
banks of 8 elevators designed by Otis.
It was declared a national historic landmark in 1976.
21
Crown ornamentation and usage
It has terraced crown,composed of seven radiating
terraced arches.
Stainless-steel cladding is ribbed and riveted in a
radiating sunburst pattern with many triangular vaulted
windows.
Entire crown is clad with silvery enduro KA-2metal.
71
st
floor is the height occupied floor of this building
occupied by office space management form.
Above 71
st
floor,stories of building are designed mostly
for exterior appearance,functioning mainly as landings
for stairway to spire.
Top stories are very narrow with low sloped
ceiling,useful for only holding radio-broadcasting and
other electrical eqipments.
Earlier these stories were used for commercial
broadcast stations.
V-shaped lighting is inserted in steel of building.
Later floodlights were added on most arms directed
back at buiding,which allows top of building to be lit in
many different colours for special occassions.

22
ART DECO
PLAN
23
ART DECO
ART DECO
Rockefeller Centre/ Plaza, New
York, U.S



Architect: Raymond Hood
Construction started: 1930
Construction completed: 1933
It is a complex of 19 commercial buildings
,covering 22 acres between 48
th
and 51stst
street.
Built by Rockefeller family.
Was declared a National Historic landmark
in 1981.
It was the largest private building project
ever undertaken in modern times.
This center is a combination of 2 building
complexes older and original 14 Art Deco
office building from 1930s.
24
ART DECO
FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER ,BERLIN,
(GERMANY)


Architect Mies
Construction started -1921


Was on triangular site.

It had wire panels shaped cantilever .

This took the structure with a glass skin ,thus
renouncing the maniposteria song built in , as
was customary in America skyscrapers .

25
The angularity of floor of a building was at
least partly a result of the original form of the
site .

It seems as if the building is divided into slot
game because of its many reflection in bright
vertical surface.

This opacity transparency gave desired
balance.

At bottom of the original design , there are
small drawings of flowers.
18
26 ART DECO
ART DECO
VILLA CAVROIS, CROIX (FRANCE)
Type Mansion
Construction started -1929
Construction finished -1932
Architect Robert Mallet Stevens







It was designed to offer best life style to the
family daily work of house hold staff.

Its style was a total break from that of other
neighboring houses of same era .

27
A Choice of material and furniture inside
echoes the hierarchy of spaces .

Simplicity and functionality of furniture
prevail in all parts .

Marble and wood are used .

Each room has a radio loud speaker and
electric clock and bathrobe .

The house dining hall and children dining
hall linked to pare by an external staircase.
Around the entry hall which welcomes the
visitors domain of parents is
developing in east wing and that of kids ,in
west wing.
28 ART DECO
PLAN
29
ART DECO
ART DECO
CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE/ UNION
TERMINAL, OHIO (U.S)


Type Railway Terminal
Constructed started -1931

Architect Paul Philippe Cret


Rotunda features largest semi dome in
western hemisphere measuring 180ft
wide 106ft high.

Mortar and stone was used .

Construction finished ahead of schedule
30
31
ART DECO
ART DECO
ART DECO IN THEATRES
32
ART DECO.
EROS CINEMA ,MUMBAI
Architect: Shorabji Bhedwar
Construction started:1935
Opened in:1938
Marked the beginning of Back Bay
reclamation in early 1938.
Took two and a half years to complete.
Partially faced with red Agra sandstone, this
building is painted cream.
Two wings of this building meet up in central
block.
Foyer is in black and white marble with
touches of gold.
Marble staircases with cromium handrails
lead up to the upper floor.
Murals are in muted colors depicting Indian
architecture.











33
34
ART DECO
ART DECO
RAJMANDIR,JAIPUR
Architect :W .M. Namjoshi
Opened in:1976
Meringue shaped auditorium.
Capacity of 1200.
35
36
ART DECO
37
ART DECO
ART DECO
ART DECO IN
AUTOMOBILES &
FURNITURE-
38
ART DECO
AUTOMOBILES-
Streamline moderne style developed which was
influenced by modern aerodynamic designs.

Aerodynamic principles were adopted for Art
Deco applying streamline techniques to cars .

Streamlining influenced American &European
automobile design and changed appearance from
rectangular:horseless carriages into sleek
vehicles with sweeping lines ,symmetry-shapes
which added to speed and efficiency.

Vehicles had Art Deco :speed-lines for chrome
grilles.

These streamlined forms began to be used for
design of mundane and static objects such as
pencil sharpeners ,refrigerators, gas pumps,
furniture, lamps, jewellery ,watches, etc.

39
ART DECO
FURNITURES-
40
ART DECO.
DECLINE & RESURGENCE-
oArt Deco slowly lost patronage in the West
after becoming mass-produced, when it
began to be derided as gaudy& presenting a
false image of luxury.

o This designs style ended by austerities of
World War II.

o Before destruction during World War II
,Manila possessed many Art Deco buildings,
a legacy of American colonial past.

o A resurgence of interest in Art Deco began
during 1960s and then again during 1980s
with increasing interest in graphic design.
41
ART DECO
BIBLIOGRAPHY
42
A World Of History Architecture
-Marian Moffett

www.google.com
ART DECO
1.
THANK YOU