Lab-Report

EE381 Electrical Engineering Lab II

Name :- Nand Kishor Meena , Praveen Sharma & Sudip Kumar
Roll No. : Y6278 , Y6341 & Y
Lab :- Electronics Circuit lab
Date of Experiment : 6th September 2008
Date of Submission : 13th September 2008
Experiment : 1. Design and Verification of a BiQuad Active Filter



Circuit:




Calculation Parameters:

For this circuit with above given circuit parameters, we tried to find the frequency where
gain is maximum for a given sinusoidal input having peak to peak voltage amplitude less than 1 volt,
thus giving the central frequency corresponding to those parameters.

Then we found out those frequencies where the gain of output was 0.707*the maximum
amplitude calculated at the central frequency and thus calculating the f1 and f2.

Then we calculated Q as,

Page-1
Observation Tables:

Table-1
All frequency parameters are in Hz.
And written parameters are like frequency (Gain)

Value
of
R3=R5
=R
(in )
f
0
(Gain)

Central
Frequa-
ncy

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10
510 2800
(4.37)
2144
(3.09)
2500
(4.03)
3100
(4.0)
3500
(3.09)
2069
(2.5)
1848
(2)
711
(0.46)
4020
(2.4)
4380
(2.0)
3535
(0.75)
5100 257
(2.73)
198
(1.93)
220
(2.32)
300
(2.57)
360
(1.93)
176
(1.5)
130
(1.0)
65
(0.5)
422
(1.5)
535
(1.0)
1037
(0.5)
10000 159
(2.4)
94
(1.70)
120
(2.2)
170
(1.9)
185
(1.70)
91
(1.5)
78
(1.0)
30
(0.5)
208
(1.5)
275
(1.0)
509
(0.5)


For R= 5.1 k (Table-2) For Different R (Table-3)













Page-2
Freq.
(Hz) Gain(V/V)
711 0.46
1848 2.00
2069 2.50
2144 3.09
2500 4.03
2800 4.37
3100 4.00
3500 3.09
3535 2.75
4020 2.40
4380 2.00
R () Gmax F0 (Hz) F1(Hz) F2(Hz) Q-Theory.
Q- Exp.
510 4.1 2126 1477 2741 1.12
1.68
1500 3.6 1627 1388 1871 5.14
3.50
1200 3.8 1820 1548 2134 4.60
3.10

Gain vs. frequency graph




Experimental Plot of Q-factor vs. R Experimental Plot of Centre Frequency vs. R





Page-3
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
plot of frequancy vs. Gain
frequancy(in Hz.)
G
a
i
n

(
V
/
V
)
Max. Gain
3db
f.
CRO Snapshots:

Snapshot -1 for R =5.1k

Snapshot-2 for R=10k

Snap Shot-3 for R=510
Conclusions:
1) Using the simulated circuit parameters, we indeed get a Band-Pass Filter , with circuit
parameters close to the simulated results.
2) The plots for centre frequency and Q-factor also come out to be close to the simulated ones.
3)
Page-4