What the Tool Tests Statistical Test What P < 0.

05 Means Minitab Command Graphical Test

Mean of sample data is
different from an
established target
One-Sample t-test
The mean of the sample
data is statistically
different from the target
Stat > Basic Statistics >
1-Sample t
Mean of sample 1 is
different from mean of
sample 2
Two-Sample t-test
The means of the two
samples are statistically
different
Stat > Basic Statistics >
2-Sample t
Means of two or more
samples are different
One-Way ANOVA
The mean of at least
one of the samples is
statistically different
Stat > ANOVA > One-
way
Variance among two or
more samples is
different
Homogeneity of
Variance
The variance of at least
one samples is
statistically different
Stat > Basic Statistics >
2 Variances...
and
Output (y) changes as
input (x) changes
Linear Regression
There is a statistically
significant relationship
between the x and y (I.e.
slope is not zero)
Stat > Regression >
Fitted Line Plot
Output counts from two
or more subgroups
differ
Chi-square test of
independence
The count of at least
one of the subgroups is
statistically different
Stat > Tables > Chi-
Square Test
If process level or
variability has changed
over time
Control Charts
There are special
causes of variation
present - indicating the
process has changed
Stat > Control Charts >
I-MR etc.
Hypothesis Tests
C ABD E
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Category
Pareto
Box
Plots
Scatter
Plots
MNO
Upper Control Limit
Lower Control Limit
What the graph displays Graphical Name Minitab command Example
Organizes and relates
potential causes to each
other
Cause & Effect
Stat > Quality Tools >
Cause-and-Effect
Prioritize categories of
frequencies
Pareto Charts
Stat > Quality Tools >
Pareto Chart
Overall summary of one
group of data (histogram,
boxplot,confidence intervals,
summary statistics)
Descriptive
Statistics
Stat > Basic Statistics >
Descriptive Descriptive
Statistics
Center and spread of data
and highlights outliers
Histograms Graph > Histogram
Graphical Analyses
X s Y s
1 2 3 4 5 6 T o t a l %
C r
V A
N V A
V E
T o t a l
150 130 110 90 70 50
Upper Spec Lower Spec
C ABD E
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Category
MNO
17 22 27 32 37 42
95%Confidence Interval for Mu
34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 35.0 35.1
95%Confidence Interval for Median
Vari abl e: Strength
A-Squared:
P-Value:
Mean
StDev
Variance
Skewness
Kurtosis
N
Minimum
1st Quartile
Median
3rd Quartile
Maximum
34.6343
2.7993
34.8000
12.807
0.000
34.7581
2.8842
8.31869
-1.45335
7.01766
2087
16.8000
33.1000
35.0000
36.6000
43.2000
34.8819
2.9745
35.1000
Anderson-Darling Normality Test
95%Confidence Interval for Mu
95%Confidence Interval for Sigma
95%Confidence Interval for Median
Descriptive Statistics
Compares center and spread
across multiple groups and
highlights outliers
Box Plots Graph > Boxplot
Compares data to normal
distribution
Normality Plots
Stat > Basic Statistics >
Normality test...
Views data over time Run Charts Graph > Time Series Plot
Compares output(y) versus
input(x)
Scatter Plots Graph > Plot
150 130 110 90 70 50
Upper Spec Lower Spec
Benstra Holcomb Supply Sorrel Chemical
1300
1400
1500
1600
Vendor
S
t r
e
n
g
t h
3 4 5 6
1
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
95
99
Data
P
e
r c
e
n
t
Normal Probability Plot For 140AGN2B Color
ML Estimates
Mean:
StDev:
4.85175
0.555355
Compare output (y) against
multiple discrete x's
Multi-Vari Charts
Stat > Quality Tools >
Multi-Vary Chart
Histogram with specifications;
capability indices for
continuous data
Process Capability
Stat > Quality Tools >
Capability Analysis
(Normal)
Control charts; short and long-
term process capability for
continuous data
Process Capability
Six Sigma > Process
Report
1960 1970 1980 1990
200
300
400
Decade
O
z
o
n
e
WINTER
SPRING
SUMMER
FALL
Season
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
LSL USL
Process Capability Analysis for H43 Haze
USL
Target
LSL
Mean
Sample N
StDev (ST)
StDev (LT)
Cp
CPU
CPL
Cpk
Cpm
Pp
PPU
PPL
Ppk
PPM< LSL
PPM> USL
PPMTotal
PPM< LSL
PPM> USL
PPMTotal
PPM< LSL
PPM> USL
PPMTotal
3.50000
*
1.50000
3.24919
62
0.226771
0.251025
1.47
0.37
2.57
0.37
*
1.33
0.33
2.32
0.33
0.00
161290.32
161290.32
0.00
134365.79
134365.79
0.00
158866.32
158866.32
Process Data
Potential (ST) Capabili ty
Overall (LT) Capabili ty Observed Performance Expected STPerformance Expected LTPerformance
ST
LT
Cp x 3 ZST
Ppk x 3 ZLT
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
S=0.2176
3.0SL=0.4095
-3.0SL=0.02560
6 5 4 3 2 1
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.9
2.8
Xbar and S Chart
Subgroup
X=3.249
3.0SL=3.506
-3.0SL=2.992
3.5 1.5
3.18031 1.81969
Potential (ST) Capability
Process Tol erance
Speci fi cati ons
I I I
I I I
3.5 1.5
4.00227 2.49612
Actual (LT) Capability
Process Tol erance
Speci fi cati ons
I I I
I I I
Mean
StDev
Z.USL
Z.LSL
Z.Bench
Z.Shift
P.USL
P.LSL
P.Total
Yield
PPM
Cp
Cpk
Pp
Ppk
LT ST
Capability Indices
Data Source:
Time Span:
Data Trace:
0.33
1.33
157875
84.2125
0.157875
0.000000
0.157875
3.27434
1.00323
6.99681
1.00323
0.25000
3.24919
0.37
1.47
9.44703
99.999
0.000009
0.000005
0.000005
3.27434
4.27757
4.42946
4.42946
0.22576
2.50000
Report 2: Process Capability for H43 Haze