S.

saprophyticus

S. pyogenes (group A)

*Novobicin resistant,
UTIs

*Bactracin sensitive. Scarlet

fever, rheumatic fever. Strep
throat

Viridians streptococci

S. epidermidis

*Optochin resistant
Many normal oral flora

*Novobicin sensitive.
Found on skin. Often
contaminates lab
specimens

S. agalactiae (group B)

B. anthracis

C. difficile

L. Monocytogenes

Corynebacterium

*Bactracin resistant. Purperal

sepsis.

Inhalation most
deadly. Also

Dysentery, antibiotic
associated.
Pseudomembranous
colitis. ANAER

Meningitis,
spontaneous abortions

*Diptheria

cutaneous, GI

S. pneumoniae

S. aureus

*Optochin sensitive
Encapsulated
CAP T. - #1

Most common food

poisoningtoxin
mediated

Actinomyces

*Grows in bile 6.5%

salt; S. Bovis does
not grow in salt

*Does NOT stain w/

Acid-fast.
*Sulfur granules
from chronic draining
sinuses
Opp F,

Clostridium
Food poisoning
toxin
mediated

hemolytic
hemolytic

Gardnerella
vaginalis

Anaerobic
Aerobic

Coagulase +

Staphylococcus

Filamentous

Sporeforming

* Catalase
(chains) facultative anaerobe/

*Catalase +
(clusters)

Mycoplasma

M. avium
Chronic diarrhea in
AIDS patients.

aerobic

Mycobacterium

Non-sporeforming

microaerophilic

aerobic

Rods

Cocci
WP

C. Psittaci

Chlamydia

Obligate
Intracellular

*No peptidoglycan
*Cannot synthesize ATP
*Giemsa Stain

Gram
Rods

B. Fragilis

Lactose
Fermenters

Strict
Anaerobe

(pink)

Dysentery

Dysentery.
typhi, paratyphi Typhoid
fever.

Non-Lactose
fermenters

Oxidase Negative

Coccobacillary

Spirotchetes

>> Yersinia <<

Proteus

Bartonella

Non-Fermenters

*Cat-scratch fever

Oxidase +

Ferment
Maltose &
Glucose

Coxiella burnetti
*Undergoes phase
variation.
*Transmission
inhaled, NOT spread
by vector
WP

Pseudomonas

Ferment
Glucose only

Curved GNR
Oxidase Positive
motile
oxidase +

Requires
Cofactors

Special Media

Zoonotic

Leptospira

*Does not have

LPS.
-Relapsing fever
-Burgdorferi

*DOES have LPS.

*Excreted in urine;
contaminates water

KEY
CAP T. Community Acquired Acute Pneumonia Typical
WP Walking Pneumonia
NosP Nosocomial Pneumonia
AP Aspiration Pneumonia

Treponema
pallidum
(syphillis)
*Does not have
LPS.
*Cannot be
cultivated in vitro

Neisseria
meningitidis
*Encapsulated
Transmitted in
close contact.
Meningitis, DIC

Opp F Opportunistic, mimics fungal

*Redgeneral facts
Purplerepro
GreenGI
Encapsulated

Neisseria
gonorrhoeae
Burning dysuria,
socks disease
Pharyngitis, pustules
on hands, feet.
Disseminated: septic
arthritis, tenosynovitis

Moraxella
catarrhalis

Haemophilus
influenzae

CAP T.
#2 cause of acute
COPD exacerbation
in adults.

CAP T.
#1 cause of acute
COPD exacerbation
in adults.

Enterics
>><<--Bloody diarrhea (dysentery)

Vibrio
Vibrio

*Habitat: Aqueous
*Habitat: Aqueous
Environment. AB toxin
Environment. AB toxin
Acute (watery) diarrhea
Acute (watery) diarrhea
Requires special media
Requires special media

Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
*Oxidase positive
Aeromonas

Pasteurella
multocida

Borrellia

Y. enterocolicia - Dysentery,
Typhoid fever, terminal
ileitis (mimics appendicitis)
*Y. pestis-zoonotic,
pneumonic, cutaneous

intracellular

Strongly
Oxidase (+)

*No LPS
*No peptidoglycan
*Stain w/ Wright or
Giemsa stain (not
gram stain)
*HME and HGA

>> Shigella <<

>> Salmonella <<

Vectorborne

*Do not gram stain. Sliver, Giemsa

stain or dark field microscopy
*NOT gram negative

CAP T., often in

alcoholics

Enterobacteriaceae

Cocci

Ehrlichia &
Anaplasma

Klebsiella
pneumoniae

Fast
fermenters

Technically gram +

Leading worldwide
cause of blindness

*Do not stain w/ gram stain.

*Replicate in endothelial
cells of blood vessels
*Stain w/ Wright or Giemsa
stain (not gram stain)
*RMSF and Typhus

EHEC--*Shiga-like toxin (lysogenic phage)

EHEC toxin. Hemorrhagic diarrhea
ETEC--*Heat labile toxin (plasmid)AB toxin
similar to cholera, travelers diarrhea (acute,
watery). Adenylate Cyclase
ETEC--*Heat stable toxin (plasmid)
Activates guanylate cyclase

Slow Fermenters: Serratia, Citrobacter

(Gram negative-like
but don't Gram stain)

C. trachomatis

Acid-fast

Block II Bacteria

Other

E. Coli (>>EHEC, EIEC<<, ETEC,

EPEC)

Rods

Gram +

C. pneumoniae

Rickettsia

*Red snapper

Non-filamentous

GRAM VARIABLE

Often found in
birds, can lead to
hypersensitivity
pneumonitis (ILD)

M. tuberculosis

M. leprae

Streptococcus
*Walking pneumonia
WP

Listeria

C. perfringens , C.
botulinum food
poisoning toxin
mediated
ANAER

Bacillus

Coagulase -

M. Pneumoniae

*Weakly Acid-fast
Opp F, invades
brain

Enterococcus

B. cereus

hemolytic

Nocardia

*Forms biofilms
anaerobic
NosP
Swimmers ear

Helicobacter

Haemophilus
ducreyi
Chancroid lesions,
school of fish
appearance, buboes

Brucella
Abortus
Legionella
pneumophila
WP

Acinetobacter

Bordetella
pertussis
*Whooping
coughAB toxin
inactivates Gi
receptors

>>Campylobacter
<<

Francisella
tularensis

*Optimum temp of 42C,

found in 90% of poultry
Spiral, corkscrew
Dysentery
Requires special media

*Rabbits, deerfly,
dermacentor tick

aerobic

*Malignancies: Gastric
carcinoma, MALT
lymphomacan be
cured by antibiotics.

microaerophilic