Electricity

Solution of Intext Questions (NCERT Book)Part :- 1

Question: 1. What does an electric current mean?
Answer:- The flow of electric charge is known as electric current. Electric current
is carried by moing electrons through a conductor. Electric current flows in
o!!osite direction to the moement of electrons.
Question: "- #efine the unit of current.
Answer:- $% unit of electric current is am!ere &A'.
Am!ere is the flow of electric charges through a surface at the rate of one
coulomb !er second( i.e. if 1 coulomb of electric charge flows through a cross
section for 1 second( it would be e)ual to 1 am!ere.
Question: * - +alculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of
charge.
Answer:-
Question: , - -ame a deice that hel!s to maintain a !otential difference across
a conductor.
Answer:- .attery or a cell
Question: /. What is meant by saying that the !otential difference between two
!oints is 1 0?
Answer: This means 1 1oule of work is done to moe a charge of 1 coulomb
between two !oints.
Question: 2. 3ow much energy is gien to each coulomb of charge !assing
through a 2 0 battery?
Answer:
4ien( +harge Q 5 1+( 6otential difference( 0 5 20
Therefore( Energy i.e. Work done( W 5?
Question: 7 - 8n what factors does the resistance of a conductor de!end?
Answer: 9esistance of a conductor de!ends u!on:
&a' -ature of conductor
&b' :ength of conductor
&c' Area of cross section of conductor
Question: ;. Will current flow more easily through a thick wire or a thin wire of the
same material( when connected to the same source? Why?
Answer: $ince( resistance is indirectly !ro!ortional to the area of cross section(
thus current flows easily through a thick wire com!ared to a thin wire of the same
material.
Question: <. :et the resistance of an electrical com!onent remain constant while
the !otential difference across the two ends of the com!onent decreases to half
of its former alue. What change will occur in the current through it?
Answer:
Therefore( if !otential difference between two ends of the com!onent will be
haled( and resistance remains constant( then electric current would also be
haled.
Question: 1=. Why are coils of electric toasters and electric irons made of an
alloy rather than a !ure metal?
Answer: $ince( alloys hae higher melting !oint than !ure metal so coils of
electric toasters and electric irons are made of an alloy rather than a !ure metal
to retain more heat without melting.
Question: 11. >se the data in Table 1"." to answer the following ?
&a' Which among iron and mercury is a better conductor?
Answer: %ron
&b' Which material is the best conductor?
Answer: $iler
Question: 1". #raw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of
three cells of " 0 each( a / @ resistor( an ; @ resistor( and a 1" @ resistor( and a
!lug key( all connected in series.
Answer:
Question: 1*. 9edraw the circuit of Question 1( !utting in an ammeter to measure
the current through the resistors and a oltmeter to measure the !otential
difference across the 1" @ resistor. What would be the readings in the ammeter
and the oltmeter?
Answer:
The total resistance in the circuit 5 $um of the resistances of all resistors
5 / @ A ; @ A 1" @ 5 "/ @
We knowB
$ince( resistances are connected in series( thus electric current remains the
same through all resistors.
3ere we hae(
Electric current( % 5 =.",A
9esistance( 9 5 1"@
Thus( !otential difference( 0 through the resistor of 1"@ 5 % C 9
8r( 0 5 =.",A C 1"@ 5 ".;; 0
Thus( reading of ammeter 5 =.",A
9eading of oltmeter through resistor of 1"@ 5 ".;;0