The verb "suru (to do)" has many extended uses, which occur quite often.

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the verb "suru".
(1) To make
(a) Adverb form of I-adjective + suru
To change the I-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~i with ~ku. (e.g. ookii ---> ookiku)
Terebi no oto o ookiku shita. --- I turned up the volume of the TV.
Tsugi no tesuto wa mou sukoshi muzukashiku suru tsumori da. --- I am going to
make the next exam a little more difficult.
(b) Adverb form of Na-adjective + suru
To change the Na-adjective to the adverb form, replace the final ~na with ~ni. (e.g. kireina ---> kireini)
Heya o kireini suru. --- I'm cleaning the room.
Kana wa darenidemo shinsetsu ni suru. --- Kana is kind to everybody.
(2) To decide
"Suru" should be used when you are choosing from several available alternatives. Click here to learn
more expressions when ordering at a restaurant.
Koohii ni shimasu. --- I'll have coffee.
Kono tokei ni shimasu. --- I'll take this watch.
Pikunikku wa raishuu ni shimashou. --- Lets agree that the picnic will be next week.
(3) The cost, Duration of time
When accompanied by phrases indicating price, it means "cost." When used with a verb that indicates duration
of time, it means, "lapse".
Kono kaban wa gosen en shimashita. --- This bag cost 5,000 yen.
Sono tokei wa dono gurai shimashita ka. --- About how much did that watch cost?
Ato ichinen shitara Nihon ni ikimasu. --- I am going to Japan in another year.
When "suru" is used to mean duration of time, it is only be used in a subordinate clause. In a main clause, the
verb "tatsu" is used instead.
Gonen tachimashita. --- Five years passed.
(4) To feel, to smell, or to hear
When "suru" is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, "to appear".
Kono hana wa ii nioi ga suru. --- This flower smells good.
Nami no oto ga suru. --- I hear the sound of the waves.
Kore wa henna aji ga shimasu. --- This tastes funny.
Samuke ga shimasu. --- I feel a chill.
(5) To appear
When "suru" is combined with phrases associated with appearance, it means, "to appear".
Kanojo wa samishisouna me o shite ita. --- She had sad eyes. (Her eyes looked sad.)
Kare wa aoi kao o shite iru. --- His face looks pale.
(6) Loan word + suru
Loan words are often combined with "suru" to change the word into a verb. Most loan words are taken from
English verbs. Here are some examples.
doraibu suru --- to drive
taipu suru --- to type
kisu suru --- to kiss
nokku suru --- to knock
pasu suru --- to pass
hitto suru --- to hit
(7) Noun (of Chinese origin) + suru
"Suru" is combined with nouns of Chinese origin to change them into a verb.
benkyou suru --- to study
sentaku suru --- to do the washing
ryokou suru --- to travel
shitsumon suru --- to ask questions
denwa suru --- to telephone
yakusoku suru --- to promise
sanpo suru --- to take a walk
yoyaku suru --- to reserve
shokuji suru --- to have a meal
souji suru --- to clean
kekkon suru --- to get married
kaimono suru --- to shop
setsumei suru --- to explain
junbi suru --- to prepare
The particle "o" can be used as an object particle after a noun. (e.g. "benkyou o suru," "denwa o suru") There is
no difference in meaning with or without "o."
(8) Adverb or Onomatopoetic expressions + suru
Adverbs or onomatopoeic expressions can be combined with "suru" to change them into verbs.
yukkuri suru --- to stay long
katto suru --- to flare up
zotto suru --- to shiver
bonyari suru --- to be absent minded
niko niko suru --- to smile
waku waku suru --- to be excited
suru (to do): Group 3
Informal Present
(Dictionary Form)
suru

Formal Present shimasu
(~ masu Form)
Informal Past
(~ ta Form)
shita

Formal Past shimashita

Informal Negative
(~ nai Form)
shinai

Formal Negative shimasen

Informal Past Negative shinakatta

Formal Past Negative shimasen deshita

~ te Form
shite

Conditional sureba

Volitional shiyou

Passive sareru

Causative saseru

Potential dekiru

Imperative
(Command)
shiro

Examples
Shukudai o shimashita ka.

Did you do your homework?
Asu made ni shite kudasai.

Please do it by tomorrow.
Sonna koto dekinai!

I can't do such a thing!