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ARTtalk 1 Copyright ARTtalk, Division of Paschal Group, Inc. May 2013

Vol. 23/No. 7
May 2013
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Printmaking
PrintsTypes and Techniques
Whatever the level of expertise, any artist
can create prints because the complexity
of printmaking is entirely up to the artist.
Many techniques require no special
equipment, but nearly all can be im-
proved or hastened by the use of some
type of press. That said, the following
descriptions of some of the basic
printmaking methods will appeal to a
wide range of artists, those being
experimental or those barely considering
prints to augment their creative endeav-
ors. Additionally, electronic prints
created with special computer features
are often being accepted as legitimate
prints, opening the way for otherwise
non-artists to create easily.
There are two artist-type prints that seem
to be the most basic in approach,
although they are quite different. Without
a press, without any special materials,
inks or tools, any artist can create
monoprints. A monoprint is created
when the artist paints (oil or acrylic) onto
a glass/Plexi/metal plate (or anything that
serves as a base). The wet painted
design is then pressed onto paper.
Because this cannot be exactly dupli-
cated, the resulting single print is called a
monoprint.
Found objects make great masters. By
using leaves, grasses, textured fabrics,
sticks or nearly anything that has slight
mass, the artist can create one of two
different types of prints. One is an
embossing, where the items are bur-
nished (pressed) into a slightly moist,
soft paper to leave the imprint of those
objects. Second is when the artist paints
the found objects with color and then
presses the items onto soft paper. Found
object imprints are fun and can be done
by using crayon, conte sticks, charcoal or
pastel to rub over the top layer of paper
with the items positioned beneath. An
attribute of printmaking that is very
appealing to many is variety; with only
slight changes in approach, one can
create a totally original print.
Etchings and intaglio are done by scribing
lines and designs onto a metal plate.
Inked, the plate is pressed against paper
to reveal the image. Along with wood-
block prints (where negative design area
is removed to create an image), the metal
plate printmaking types are most
popular. From an old-time purists point
of view, these three types of prints are the
backbone of all printmaking. With very
few tools, although there are many
designed to aid and augment results,
artists can create extremely detailed
designs. The images created are full of
texture, line and very finite elements that
are lacking in other types of printmaking.
Far more spontaneous than woodcuts,
the drypoint scribing of a metal plate can
be as involved or simple as desired.
Acid etching of plates adds an element of
danger and caution to the entire process.
After a special coating is applied, scribed
lines are made into the coating. Acid is
applied over the plate, removing surface
metal and creating a deepened line in the
plate surface. When inked, the low spot
holds ink and when burnished or put into a
press, creates a print of the design etched.
Aquatint is another acid technique where
larger areas are removed from the plate
for variety. It doesnt take much to see
some of the hazards involved with these
two processes, but the results can be
subtle and very appealing. These
methods create a variety of tones,
making it worthwhile for artists who
desire that type of result.
Table of Contents
Printmaking 1
PrintsTypes and Techniques
Kids Korner 2
Modern Art 2
Art Styles 3
Abstraction and Expressionism
Art Competitions &
Opportunities 4
The Art Marketplace 4
Airbrush 5
FAQs about Airbrushing-Part 2
ArtPourri 5
ARTtalk 2 May 2013
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Printmaking... Kids' Korner... Modern Art...
Completely different in approach and
materials is silkscreen printing. An image
is created in the screen by using resist
materials or stencil-type products. Ink is
pushed through the open areas of the
screen, creating inked images on the
paper beneath the screen. When multiple
colors are used, more and more of the
screen is filled with a blocking material of
some sort, resulting in specific ink
placement within the image. Registration
of the paper is a continuing problem, as
one can imagine. If out of registration,
the entire multiple print process is ruined.
But, when successful, silkscreen is like
no other method of printmaking.
For great examples of different printmak-
ing looks search the Internet to see
results of all the above-mentioned
methods. And consider doing a bit of
printmaking. Its fun, doesnt have to be
expensive and is
very personal
and unique.
Print Fair
The Amarillo Museum of Art (TX) is
premiering its first fine print fair from
May 17-19. A project of the AMoA
Alliance, the Amarillo Print Fair is one of
only two in the Southwest. Visitors will
have the opportunity to browse or
purchase great works by artists ranging
from Goya and Matisse to James Surls
and todays emerging artists. http://
www.amarilloart.org/index.php?module=
article&id=180
Exhibitions
Daring Methods: The Prints of Mary
Cassatt is at The New York Public Library
(Manhattan) through June 23. Spanning
20 years of Cassatts career as a print-
maker (1878-1898), this exhibition
documents her first tentative steps in the
medium and culminates with her highly
accomplished and technically dazzling
color prints.
Rembrandts Century, at the de
Young, San Francisco, through June 2,
examines a wide range of artworks from
the 17
th
century. At its core is a generous
selection of etchings by Rembrandt van
Rijn. Virtuosic engravings, ambient
etchings, exquisite ink drawings, fanciful
watercolors and more illustrate the
enormous range and appeal of printmak-
ing and drawing techniques in the time of
Rembrandt.
Kids Korner
Annual Exhibition
A Year with Children 2013 is on view at the
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, NYC,
from May 3 June 19. This annual exhibi-
tion showcases select artworks by students
in grades 2-6 (from 10 public schools that
represent the citys five boroughs) who
participated in Learning Through Artthe
pioneering arts education program of the
Museum. Approximately 100 creative and
imaginative works, including assemblage,
collages, drawings, paintings, prints,
photographs and sculptures will be on
display. Founded in 1970 by Natalie
Kovner Lieberman, the LTA program has
served nearly 150,000 children and their
families.
Vote for the Doodle!
Doodle 4 Google is an annual program
where students K-12 in the U.S. use their
artistic talents to redesign Googles home
page logo thats visited by millions. This
years theme is My Best Day Ever.
The Google home page will feature the
artwork of the winning artist, who will
receive a $30,000 college scholarship
and a $50,000 technology grant for his/
her school plus more. Vote for your
favorites: http://www.google.com/
doodle4google/.
Summer Classes Offered
Students in grades 7-12 are invited to
apply to a unique, hands-on summer
class developed by Storm King Art Center
(Mountainville, NY) and the Black Rock
Forest Consortium. The classes provide
authentic, week-long learning experi-
ences in nature, working with scientists
and artists. The Art of Scientific Observa-
tion focuses on daily explorations of plant
and animal life, as well as the sculpture
and landscape architecture of Storm
King. Students will also create their own
experimental field journals. Middle
School Students July 29-August 2;
High School Students August 5-9.
Contact the Black Rock Forest Consor-
tium at 845-534-4517 or visit
www.blackrockforest.org.
Book the Art Ark
The Crocker Art Museums Art Ark
(Sacramento, CA), an award-winning art
education center designed for students in
pre-K through the 8
th
grades, brings
original works of art and activities to
schools throughout the region. On the
road since 1980, the Art Ark is distin-
guished in the nation as one of the first
mobile art museums and one of the few
that includes hands-on learning. Teach-
ers are encouraged to book now for the
2013-14 school year. Info: http://
www.crockerartmuseum.org/at-your-
school/art-ark
Modern Art
Modern Art in America 1913
1931 From the U. S. Postal
Service - Part 2
In celebration of the triumph of modern
art in America, the U.S. Postal Service
has commemorated 12 important
modern artists and their works with a
sheet of 12 commemorative stamps.
Following are the next four by Georgia
OKeeffe, Man Ray, John Marin and
Joseph Stella. The final four will be
presented next month. Enjoy these in
color online at www.arttalk.com.
May 2013 ARTtalk 3
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Art St yles
Abstraction and Expressionism
If there is a style of art that displays more
excitement, energy and pure emotion than
abstract, it isnt something that comes to
mind quickly. This is one of the beauties of
Abstract Art. Its meant to grab your
attention and bring about an emotional
response from within. Once you see that
aspect of the painting, the part that keeps
you drawn in and keeps your mind
thinking and wondering, that is when you
know you are analyzing something special.
And thats abstract art.
Abstract artists create with such passion
and exuberance as to be in a class all
their own. Yes, it is not easily understood
by those who must see a specific image
or likeness, but those of us who enjoy
abstraction know that when we view an
abstract work, we see deep within the
artist. One might imagine the artist
pouring his soul and heart out for us to
view. Within their work, artists convey
their thoughts, psyche and what moti-
vates them. What we have to do is realize
that and enjoy their sharing of those
qualities. Abstraction can be extremely
personal and might very well be the
spilling of ones guts.
Expressionistic works are the same with
an even more energetic twist. Expres-
sionism is art that is more associated
with emotion or feeling than with literal
interpretation of a subject. This art style
is characterized by the use of vivid colors,
distortion and two-dimensional subjects
that lack perspective. These works are
created to express the emotions of the
artist as well as produce an emotional
response in the viewer. And they surely
do that for most of us. You can love it or
hate it, but everyone has an opinion of
both expressionistic work and abstrac-
tions. And isnt that a quality that is
exciting? Can you think of any other
artistic endeavor that has similar qualities
of igniting such feelings for every viewer?
It is hard to remain detached and distant
from a work that evokes strong reactions.
The differential between abstract and
expressionist is not easily explained.
Both offer a lack of specific perspective,
use dramatic color and often texture and
certainly incorporate designs that are not
recognizable, yet appealing. Expression-
ism seeks to express the meaning of
being alive and offer an emotional
experience rather than physical reality. It
usually entails the artists distortion of
reality for an emotional effect. Abstract
means there is no recognizable subject in
the picture, or at least not a representa-
tional subject - mostly stylized and
interpreted. There is some possibility for
these styles to bleed over into one
another, but those who consider them-
selves expressionistic artists are definite
about that category.
Among myriad abstract/expressionist
artists of renown are Milton Avery,
Arshile Gorky, Lee Krasner, Mark Rothko,
Wassily Kandinsky, Larry Rivers,
Amedeo Modigliani, Alexander Calder,
Piet Mondrian, Louise Nevelson and
Hans Hofmann. For great examples and
to make a comparison for yourself,
Google both expressionistic and abstract
art photos. You can make your own call.
They are both exuberant and exciting, if
nothing else.
Exhibition
The Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN,
presents Painter Painter, which features
new work by 15 artists from the U.S. and
ARTtalk 4 May 2013
Art St yles... Art Competitions & Opportunities... The Art Marketplace...
COLOR CHANGER
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Europe in a focused survey of emergent
developments in abstract painting and
studio practice. The exhibitionthrough
Oct. 27 posits abstract painting today
as a means, not an end, and is the
Walkers first group painting show in
more than a decade. Complementing the
exhibition is a series of studio visits with
the artists that offers an open-ended look
at their interests and working methods.
www.walkerart.org.
Art Competitions
& Opportunities
Fourth Annual St. Augustine Art Assoc.
Nature & Wildlife
Art Exhibition
Aesthetics of Nature
St. Augustine, FL
July 27 August 31
Deadline: June 3
This exhibit explores
nature in all of its beautiful forms, from
plant life and vast landscapes to the
diversity of species that inhabit the
oceans and great outdoors. Artists over
18 years of age are eligible and may enter
up to three original 2D or 3D pieces of
original works of art. $5,000 in cash
awards. www.staaa.org.
41
st
Open Juried Exhibition
Enduring Brilliance
The Pastel Society of America
The National Arts Club
New York, NY
Sept. 3 28
Deadline: July 1
A primary mandate of the PSA is to
provide a forum for the exhibition of
works by the most accomplished of
pastel artists in the U.S. and abroad, so all
pastel artists may apply. Prizes total over
$25,000 in cash and pastel materials.
www.pastelsocietyofamerica.org.
117
th
Annual Open Juried Exhibition
Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Art Club
New York, NY
Oct. 1-25
Deadline: July 8
Any woman artist may submit for jurying
one original work executed within the last
three years. Eligible media include oil,
acrylic, watercolor, pastel, graphics and
mixed media. Not eligible are photogra-
phy, computer-generated images, crafts,
and work done under instruction, derived
from published photos or previously
shown in a CLWAC Annual Open Juried
Exhibition. Awards total more than
$10,000. http://www.clwac.org/
2013 Unpaid Internships
National Gallery of Art
Washington, DC
Current opportunities include the
following:
Department of Audio Visual Services
The intern will assist in the production
and post-production of video projects
that occur on or around the campus of
the National Gallery and include live event
capture for lecture programs and editing
for podcasts
Gallery Shops Division The intern will
have experience in photography, imaging
and website graphic design to participate
in the re-launch of its web store, which is
scheduled to occur in October.
For details visit www.nga.gov/education/
internvol.htm.
The Art
Marketplace
Anest Iwata-Medea NEO AIR
for Iwata Air Compressor
The new NEO AIR for Iwata Air Com-
pressor is a miniature-size compressor
that works great with most gravity feed
airbrushes. It weighs less than a pound,
is compact and portable. The NEO has an
On/Off three-speed control button for
easy use and control of air flow. It comes
with an airbrush holder, an Iwata air hose
and is available 110v for the U.S. or 240v
for overseas usage. The NEO AIR for
Iwata Air Compressor is great for
makeup application, hobbies and cake
decorating. Visit www.iwata-medea.com
and see your retailer.
May 2013 ARTtalk 5
Airbrush... ArtPourri...
Airbrush
FAQs about Airbrushing-Part 2
What is masking? Masking, stenciling
orin airbrush vernacularfrisketing
are methods in which you block airbrush
spray from invading a specific area of
artwork in an effort to produce a specific
image. This is done with a stencil, frisket
film, template, tape or found object. For
example, if you airbrush through a lace
doily or metal screening, the image
remains when the item or stencil is
removed.
How do you clean/maintain an air-
brush? This is a simple task but also an
important one. You should develop a
habit of regular maintenance by flushing
the airbrush with the appropriate cleaning
agent for the paint or material being
sprayed (acrylics/soap and water,
automotive paints/gun and equipment
cleaner, etc.). The airbrush should be
cleaned between color changes and
thoroughly cleaned at the end of the work
day. Only the areas in which the paint
comes into contact must be cleaned: the
color cup, the tip and the needle. Do not
immerse the entire airbrush in cleaning
agent; this can gum up the works!
What types of air sources are suitable
for airbrushing? There are three different
air sources that can be used. First and
foremost is the air compressor. Next is
the carbonic gas tank (either CO2 or
nitrogen) and third is the propellant can
(for limited applications). An airbrush
utilizes cubic foot of air (cfm) at 25
pounds per square inch (psi). This is the
standard requirement for the compres-
sor. Depending on the material sprayed,
the psi can be regulated higher or lower,
but the cfm always remains the same.
For example, you would lower the psi to
spray a larger dot pattern (called stip-
pling); and you would raise the psi to
spray an automotive paint that is of a
higher viscosity.
Is there anything I need besides the
airbrush and air source?
You must have an airbrush holder.
Airbrushes are not designed to be set on
a table, but need to be held in a holder so
that they dont tip over and spill paint.
These are available in varying degrees of
sophistication from a simple metal one
that can be attached to a drawing table
with a thumbtack to the more sophisti-
cated one that holds multiple airbrushes,
clamps onto a table and is outfitted with a
regulator and moisture trap.
The regulator is an important acces-
sory because it allows you to adjust the
air pressure for a variety of effects and
also gives you the ability to spray paints
that require a higher than normal air
pressure, e. g., artist acrylic colors. The
regulator can also be adjusted to a lower
psi for fine, detailed work.
A moisture trap is used to prevent
condensation, which is produced by the
air compressor, from inadvertently
mixing with paint. If these happen to mix,
undesirable effects can result. There are
moisture traps available that fit directly
onto the compressor, others that attach
to the regulator and airbrush holder (the
most convenient), and still others that are
called in-line moisture traps (where the
artist cuts the airbrush air hose about 18"
from the airbrush and inserts the
moisture trap).
An oil trap, on the other hand, is
usually attached to the compressor (the
type where you add oil to the crankcase
for proper operation), thus keeping the oil
from migrating into the air hose and
mixing with paint.
There are many books available on
airbrushing, particularly those that
discuss the basics, as well as an array of
DVDs. Visit www.iwata-medea.com for
information in VHS and/or DVD format
and a selection of books.
And also inquire at your local art supply
store. Workshops offered throughout the
U.S.usually sponsored by art materials
retailersare ideal for beginning
airbrushers.
New Airbrush Newsletter Online
See the new edition of AirbrushTalk at
www.airbrushtalk.com. This free
newsletter features Transforming Metal
Wall Art by Janean S. Thompson,
Airbrush Painting on Gessobord, Carfax
Bat by Wes Hawkins and more
ArtPourri
Boss Work Exhibited You have until
May 27 to view The Hugo Boss Prize
2012: Danh Vo IUUR2 at the Solomon R.
Guggenheim Museum, NYC. Vo, whose
work illuminates the entwined strands of
private experience and collective history
that shape our sense of self, is the ninth
artist to win the prestigious biennial
award established in 1996.
Love from the USPS Veteran USPS
Wedding Series/award-winning graphic
designer Michael Osborne has designed
the new postage stamps Yes, I Do and
Where Dreams Blossom, working with
art director Ethel Kessler. Chosen from
Osbornes design sketches for Yes, I Do
was a heart-shaped bouquet of vibrant,
ARTtalk 6 May 2013
ArtPourri...
Learn
Basic Airbrush Techniques
with
Robert Paschal, MFA
Beacon, NY - May 18, 2013
www.arttalk.com/workshop/
workshop.htm
845.831.1043
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ARTtalk
Place
Postage
Here

From:
abstract
flowers with
the magic
words
tucked into
the design.
The 2-oz.
mailing rate
can accom-
modate the
heavier
weight of an
invitation, as well as oversized cards or
small gifts that require extra postage.
The companion first-class stamp Where
Dreams Blossom, also depicting a floral
bouquet, is suitable for any invitation or
celebration, romantic or otherwise.
Fellowship Awards Announced The
Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge,
MA, has announced the 2013 recipients
of its Rockwell Center Fellowships. The
yearlong fellowships, awarded through
the Rockwell Center for American Visual
Studies, are given to senior scholars and
museum professionals pursuing
research or projects in or relating to the
subject of American Illustration art and
visual studies. The four recipients
include both dissertation and senior
scholar fellowship winners: Dr. Michael
Clapper, Franklin & Marshall College; Erin
Corrales-Diaz, U. of NC; Dr. James J.
Kimble, Seton Hall U.; and Andrea Truitt,
U. of MN.
Collaboration in Process The Textile
Museum is joining with the George
Washington University to become a
cornerstone of a new museum scheduled
to open in fall 2014 on GWs main
campus in Foggy Bottom (DC). This
affiliation positions the Museum to
educate the next generation of textile
enthusiasts and expand on its rich
tradition of art, education, scholarship
and fostering cultural understanding. Dr.
John Wetenhall has been appointed
director effective June 1 and will lead the
development and transition.
New Gallery Open A major new first-
floor gallery, the Robert E. Blum Gallery,
has opened at the Brooklyn Museum.
The new 6,000 square-foot space is the
latest step in a phased renovation that will
dramatically alter the entire first and
second floors of the Museums McKim,
Mead and White building. On view
through May 28 is Fine Lines: American
Drawings, featuring a selection of over
100 of the finest, rarely seen drawings
and sketchbooks from the Museums
world-renowned collection of American
art. More than 70 artists are represented,
including Homer, Eakins, Sargent,
Hopper and Hartley, in a wide range of
media (graphite, pen and ink, crayon,
charcoal and pastel).
NEA News The National Endowment for
the Arts has welcomed four new mem-
bers to its advisory body, the National
Council on the Arts: Bruce Carter, Maria
Rosario Jackson, Maria Lpez de Len
and David Mas Masumoto. Their areas
of expertise range from urban planning to
organic farming and cooking and two are
researchers.
New Mobile Website The Hirshhorn
Museum has announced the launch of its
new mobile website. The intuitive, user-
friendly design offers quick and easy
access to essential information about
current and upcoming exhibitions,
collection works on view, upcoming free
public programs and museum location/
hours. Visit the mobile site at
www.hirshhorn.si.edu and add the
bookmark to your smartphones home
screen.