Coordinating Conjunctions

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Coordinating conjunctions combine two independent clauses.
Punctuation:
Place a comma before coordinating conjunctions to make their function clear
I want to discuss baseball, and the others would like to go to a restaurant.
I want to discuss baseball and food.
(Note how the second use of and separates two items on a list; it doesnt join
two clauses!
Conjunctive Adverbs
accordingly, besides, consequently, furthermore, hence, however, indeed, instead,
likewise, meanwhile, moreover, nevertheless, nontheless, otherwise, therefore, thus,
for example, in addition, in contrast, on the other hand
Note the similiarites between these ad"erbs anbd the coordinating conjunctions. In
man# cases the# e$press the same relationships.
Conjunction %d"erb &eaning
and furthermore, besides additional idea
moreo"er, also
but, #et howe"er, ne"ertheless opposite
idea
still, nonetheless
or otherwise choice
so conse'uentl#, therefore, thus result
accordingl#, hence
Punctuation:
Place a semi(colon before and a comma after conjuncti"e ad"erbs.
)he wanted just to rela$; howe"er, the cruel teacher insisted that she do the
e$ercise.
Coordinating conjunctions re'uire different punctuation.
)he wanted just to rela$, but the cruel teacher insisted that she do the e$ercise.
Subordinating Conjunctions
after, although, as, as if, as soon as,
because, before, even though, how, if, since,
so that, that, though,
unless, until,
what, when, whenever, whether, which, while, who, whom
)ubordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses, i.e., clauses that cannot
stand alone. *epending on their relationship to the main clause, the# ma# re'uire
different t#pes of punctuation.
Punctuation:
If a dependent clause comes before the independent clause, use a comma to set the
two clauses apart.
+efore he wrote the paper, he put his ideas down in an outline.
If a dependent clause comes after or inside the independent clause, determine whether
or not the former is a defining clause or non(defining clause.
I dont know an#one who doesnt lo"e punctuating sentences.
,hat "er# nice student, who lo"es punctuating his sentences, was struck b#
lightning.
Below are a number of incomplete sentences, each ending in a coordinating
conjunction, subordinting conjunction, or an conjunctive adverb. Complete the
sentences, adding the proper punctuation as necessary.
-. I lo"e the taste of stuffed cabbage and chicken paprika although
.. /e ate the entire plate of pancakes howe"er
0. People often suffer culture shock when
1. I learned math for -. #ears in school #et
2. ,he assignment was due in three weeks therefore
3. I wont talk to her until
4. &# friends belie"ed it wasnt necessar# to "ote in the election conse'uentl#
5. President +ush belie"ed %merica had to go to war otherwise
6. ,he 7epublicans controlled Congress while
-8. /e wont listen to me unless
--. )he wont listen to me instead
-.. I dont like to drink palinka nor
-0. &an# of &ichael 9acksons fans belie"e he is innocent moreo"er
-1. :ne out of e"er# two %mericans owns a gun for
-2. :ne out of e"er# two %mericans owns a gun in contrast