EE 4092

Synchronous Generator Transient Analysis

Instructed by: Mr. Hasala Dharmawadane.
Name : Ariyasinghe W.M.S.L
Index No : 090030X
Field : EE
Group : G 01
Date : 2013/07/31


OBSERVATION SHEET

Name : Ariyasinghe W.M.S.L
Index No : 090030X
Group : G1
Practical : Synchronous Generator Transient Analysis
Supervised by : Mr. Hasala Dharmawardane
Date : 2013/07/13

Obtaining of short circuit armature current Oscillogram

Pre short circuit line voltage = 94V
Steady state short circuit current = 5.5A
Rated Speed = 1500rpm
No of generator pole pairs = 2

- Obtained asymmetric oscillogram



















- Obtained symmetric oscillogram



















Obtaining of field current oscillogram

Steady state field current = 0.28A




















Obtaining open circuit armature voltage waveform

Steady State Voltage = 94V






























Slip test

Minimum Phase current = 6A
Maximum Phase current = 9A
Maximum Phase voltage = 106V
Minimum phase voltage = 103V


















































0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
I
a
,

p
k

(
i
n

l
o
g
)

t(ms)
2.2
B

CALCULATIONS

i.

Time (t(ms)) Ia, pk (A) Ia, pk (in log)
0 26 3.2581
20 17.5 2.8622
40 14.5 2.6741
60 12 2.4849
80 11 2.3979
100 10 2.3026
120 9.5 2.2513
140 9 2.1972
160 9 2.1972
180 9 2.1972
200 9 2.1972






























A = e
3.2581
= 26.000 A B = e
2.2
=9.025 A


B
Vs
X
d
2

025 . 9
) 3 / 94 ( 2
d
X 8.5042


A
Vs
X
d
2
' '

9519 . 2
000 . 26
) 3 / 94 ( 2
' '
d
X



Time (t(ms)) x (in log)
0 2.8332
20 2.1401
40 1.7047
60 1.0986
80 0.6931
100 0


C = e
2.5
= 12.1825
C/e = 1.5
D = 44 ms T
d
= 44

) 3 / 94 ( 2
1825 . 12
8.5042
1
1
2
1
1
'
S d
d
V
C
X
X 3.6190




0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

x

(
i
n

l
o
g
)

t(ms)
C
D
y

Time (t(ms)) y (in log)
0 1.4498
5 1.1413
10 0.9175
15 0.6422
20 0.2288



E = 1.45
E/e = 0.45
T
d
= F = 17.5 ms

ms
X
X
T T
d
d
d do
39 . 103
3.6190
8.5042
44
'
' '

ms
X
X
T T
d
d
d do
4548 . 21
9519 . 2
3.6190
5 . 17
' '
'
' ' ' '




0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 5 10 15 20 25

y

(
i
n

l
o
g
)

t(ms)
E
F
y = -0.355x + 46.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

x

(
i
n

l
o
g
)

t(ms)
G
H

Time(ms) (Ia,+ve peak)+(-Ia,-ve peak)
0 52
20 35
40 29
60 24
80 22



































G = 46.6
G/e = 17.14
T
a
= H = 84 ms











Parameter Calculated Value
X
d
8.5042
X
d
3.6190
X
d
2.9519
T
d
44 ms
T
d
17.5 ms
T
d0
39 . 103 ms
T
d0
21.4548 ms
Ta 84 ms

ii.

+

Assume no damper, therefore T
kd
= 0
Steady state field current (I
f0
) = 0.28A




[

]


































If vs Time
I
f

(
A
)

Time (ms)
iii.

Assume that

[ ] [
[ ]

] [

[ ]

iv.

X
d
=

= 17.67

X
q
=

= 11.44











DISCUSSION

Va vs Time
Time (ms)
V
a

(
A
)


Discussion

(1) Compare the parameter values computed using Short circuit current oscillogram, open circuit
voltage oscillogram and slip test.
It is possible to see a difference between practical and theoretical values. When calculating
theoretical parameters using equations primarily X and T is calculated using practical values.
After that calculated other parameters using calculated X and T.

(2) Compare the agreement of theoretical and observed oscillogram, of short circuit field current
and open circuit line voltage.
By comparing practical and theoretical graphs, it can see that, in the practical graph the system
comes to steady state sooner than theoretical graph. With the calculation we didnt consider
damping of the system and it might cause to delay for becoming steady state in practical graph.
Likewise in practical there might be noticed that obstruct to become steady and it may have
cause to delay for becoming steady.

(3) Discuss the features of short circuit oscillogram of phase and field current.
It can be separated short circuit current as DC and AC. Also separate it more as Steady state
component, Transient component, Sub transient component, DC offset component and double
frequency component. Generator is to maintain it flux level constant and in the short circuit
condition current will vary so that flux level keep constant as possible. AC component will
look after this current changing.

(4) Discuss the importance of short circuit study.
Effect of synchronous generators beneath faulty conditions is not only for the machine but
also for the end device at distribution stage. It means that fault at the machine will cause
adverse effects on the distribution level. Hence it is a must to study that we have to be fully
aware of the impact on the system cause by such a machine fault. Depend on the study we
can discard the impact on the end devices and prevent the propagation of the impact. It
allows a protection mechanism for the system as well.