CHEM 156.

1 ANALYSIS OF UNKNOWN REPORT

Names: Aaron John Balana, Jannelle Casanova, Merranizza Musa
Section: SAD Group No: 7 Instructor: Ms. Sarah May Sibug Rating______

I. Experimentally Measured Physical Properties

1. Molecular Weight:109.4 g/mol (9%)
2. Density at 31
o
C: 0.940898 g/mL (2%)
3. Viscosity at 31
o
C: 35.6 centipoises (40%)
4. Surface Tension at 31
o
C: 0.03515 N/m (6%)
5. Molar Heat of Vaporization: 38.545 kJ/mol (40%)

II. Examination of Literature

SOURCES:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85
th
Edition
Langes Handbook of Chemistry, 16
th
Edition
http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chris/CHN.pdf
Merck Millipore International

Possible Liquids Density (g/mL)
20
o
C 25
o
C 30
o
C 40
o
C 50
o
C
Cyclohexanol 0.9624 0.948 0.9406 0.9321 0.9257
Pentanoic acid

0.938 0.9339 - - -
3-methylbutanoic acid - 0.931 - - -
Hexanoic acid 0.93 0.9212 - - -

Possible Liquids Viscosity (centipoises)
15
o
C 20
o
C 25
o
C 30
o
C 50
o
C
Cyclohexanol - - 57.5 41.38 12.3
Pentanoic acid 2.359 - - 1.774 -
3-methylbutanoic acid 2.731 2.411 - - -
Hexanoic acid 3.525 - - 2.511 -

Possible Liquids Surface Tension (N/m)
0
o
C 20
o
C 25
o
C
Cyclohexanol - - 0.03533
Pentanoic acid - - 0.0289
3-methylbutanoic acid - - 0.02728
Hexanoic acid - 0.02805 0.02755

III. Tabulation of Data from Literature

Possible Liquids MW
(g.mol)
Density (g/mL) Viscosity
(centipoises)
Surface
Tension (N/m)
H
vap
(kJ/mol)
Cyclohexanol 100.158 0.9406 (30
O
C) 36.180(31
O
C) 0.0353 (25
O
C) 62.01 (25
O
C)
Pentanoic acid 102.132 0.9339(25
O
C) 1.774 (30
O
C) 0.0289 (25
O
C) 67.5 (25
O
C)*
3-methylbutanoic acid 102.132 0.931 (25
O
C) 2.411 (20
O
C) 0.0273 (20
O
C) 51.6 (25
O
C)*
Hexanoic acid 116.153 0.9212 (25
O
C) 2.511 (30
O
C) 0.0276 (25
O
C) 71.9 (25
O
C)*
* These enthalpy of vaporization values were calculated from standard enthalpies of formation at liquid and gaseous
phases and were not reported directly in the CRC Manual.


IV. Identity of Unknown: Cyclohexanol

The dictionary of organic compounds (doc.chemnetbase.com) allows for the search of 308,935 compounds
(linked to the CRC database) using some chemical or physical properties as search constraints. After
inputting the range of values for the density, molecular weight and assumed boiling point (recorded during
the Dumas experiment), a list of 30 matches was obtained. The top four compounds that were most
common (and hence, available in most laboratories) and with most documented physical properties in the
CRC and Langes handbooks were selected from the search results.

The literature values for the four compounds were determined and were tabulated above. Cyclohexanols
literature values corresponded well with most of the experimental results. Furthermore, cyclohexanol was
the only compound (of the top four) whose theoretical viscosity value was within the experimental
discrepancy range. However, the enthalpy of vaporization of cyclohexanol was beyond the 40%
experimental discrepancy. As explained in the Experiment 9 laboratory report, the theoretical enthalpy of
vaporization value used is only valid for 25
O
C. Since enthalpy is temperature-dependent and that the
experimental enthalpy of vaporization was valid at the boiling point at which it was measured, the
experimental result should be compared to a theoretical value measured at the same, boiling temperature.

It must be noted that physical properties were not used in the determination since there were no distinct,
observable traits (odor, color, etc.) that allow for more convenient determination of its identity.