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Biogas Capture

From
Palm Oil Mill Effluent
For
Power Generation
Prepared By
Ir Wong Keng Chew
Conventional Practice of Treating
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

a) The POME is put into anaerobic ponds.
b) Problem biogas is evolved from the anaerobic ponds.
c) Biogas consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide, with small
amounts of hydrogen sulphide, water vapour and other gases.
Methane and carbon dioxide are the main green house gases that
contribute to global warming, with methane being 21 times more
potent than carbon dioxide. By harvesting the biogas for fuel, we
are not only utilizing a renewable source of energy but also
helping to alleviate the global warming effect.

Anaerobic Pond
Pome Influent Pipe
Pome Effluent Pipe
Biogas (Mainly methane)
New Practice To Treat POME


a) The Biogas is extracted and retained instead of being
released freely into the atmosphere.

b) Biogas can be extracted and retained by two different
methods, viz:-

i. Lagoon Digester
ii. Tank Digester

Lagoon Digester
The lagoon digester is
installed by covering the
existing anaerobic pond with
HDPE sheet. The biogas is
retained below this cover
and part of the volume is
recirculated by blowers to
agitate the POME to speed
up the anaerobic digestion.
Pome Influent
Pipe
Pome Effluent Pipe
Biogas
To scrubber
HDPE
Cover
Tank Digester System
The tank digester uses a
cylindrical tank to contain the
POME for anaerobic digestion to
biogas. Blowers are also installed
to agitate and recirculate the
POME for even digestion and to
speed up the process.

Biogas evolved is held in a
gas holder, before further
processing (i.e sending to the H
2
S
scrubber).

Gas Holder Agitator
Pump
Biogas
Tank Digester
Comparison Between Lagoon Digester
And Tank Digester
Lagoon Digester Tank Digester
a) Cost
Lesser cost

-Because the flexible HDPE can
be installed over the pond,
thus saving the cost for a
separate biogas (buffer) holder.
Higher cost

-Because of the need of new
tank and a buffer holder.
b) Time to construct
Lesser construction time Longer construction time
c) Productivity
Less biogas produced
(16m3 of biogas/T of POME)

Longer digestion time
(30days)
More biogas produced
(28m3 of biogas/T of POME)

Shorter digestion time
(15 days average)
Biogas Processing & Power Generation
After the digester,
the biogas still
contains various
impurities; mainly
moisture and H
2
S.
H
2
S is removed by a
bioscrubber and the
moisture by cooling
and condensation.
The processed
biogas is fed finally
to the gas engine
alternator where
electricity is
generated.
Bio Scrubber
From
Digester
Dryer
Gas Engine
Generator
H
2
S can be
removed by
biological means; by
passing the biogas
containing H
2
S
through a medium
which has microbes
growing in it. These
microbes feed on
H
2
S and thus
purifies the biogas.
Biogas Out
Biogas In
Bioscrubber
Bioscrubber
(Vertical Type)



THANK YOU

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