Chap. III. CARPENTRY.

64'?
{fig.
714.), the plan being ABCDEFGII. Let i be tlie centre of the circle in wliicli the
octagon may be inscribed. Draw the half diagonal jA, (B, i'C perpendicular to any side
AH of the plan. Draw the straight line ih, cutting AB in h. Let lilmZ be the outline of
one of the ribs of the dome, which is here supposed to be the quadrant of a circle. Divide
the arc hZ into any number of equal parts from k at the points hnn, and through these
points draw l.v, my, nz, cutting Bj at the points xyz, and ih at the points 1, 2, 3. Extend
the arcs hi, hi, mn, on the line hn, from
/( to o, from c to
p,
from
p
to
g,
and
through the points opq draw the straight
lines tu, sv, tw perpendicular iohn. ]\Iake
OH, pv, qw, as also or, ps, qt, respectively
ecjual to \x, '2y, 3z ; then through th.e
points Arst draw a curve, and through
tlie jjoints mw draw another curve,
meeting the former one in the point n.
Thils will be formed the gore or cover-
ing of one side of the octagonal dome.
2071. When the plan of the base is
a rectangle, as
fiy.
715., draw tlie plan
A BCD and the diagonals AC and BD,
cutting each other in E. Through E
draw EI perpendicular to AB cutting
A B in F, and through E draw EJ per-
Fig. 713.
pcndicular to BC, cutting BC in G. Let the height of the dome be equal to half its
breadth, and the section over the straight line EF a quadrant of a circle; then from the
centre E describe the arc FH, its base being EF, and with the straight line EG as half
the major axis ofan ellipsis, and EFthe minor axis, describe the quadrant GFofan ellipsis.
I'roduce EF to I, and EG to J. Divide the arc of a quadrant FII from F into any
number of equal parts, and extend the parts on the line FI to kim, througli which draw
the lines liq, Ir, 7tis, &c. perpendicular to FI. Through the points 1, 2, :3, &c. draw wt, .lu,
yr, c*vc., cutting AE at w,x,y, and FE at t,2i,v. Make k'n, I'o', m'p, also Lq, Ir, ms, respec-
tively equal to tiv, ux, vy, and through the points nop draw a curve, also through tiie
points qrs draw another curve meeting the former in I ; then these two curves with the
line AB will form the gore
or boundary of the build-
ing of two sides of the
dome. Also in the ellip-
tical arc GF, take any
number of points 1, 2, 3,
and draw the lines \w', 2x',
3y', parallel to BC, cutting
EC in the points w'x'y',
and GE) in the points t', u,
v'. Extend the arcs Gl,
12, 23 from Gk', kl, I'm',
upon the straight line GJ,
and through the points
k'im' draw the lines n'q',
or', p's'. Make k'71', lo,
f'fi-
''^
)'//, also
AYt
/V, ms' respectively equal to t'to', u'x',v'y', and through the points Bw'o'p'
draw the curve BJ, and through tlie points Cq'r's' draw the curve CJ ;
then BJC will be
the gore required, to which the boards for the other two sides of
the dome must be formed.
2072. A general method of describing the board or half gore
cf any polygonal or circular dome is shown in
fiy.
716. Ix't
DE be half either of the breadth of a board or of one of the
sides of a polygon, EF the perpendicular drawn from the centre.
Draw the straight line AB parallel to EF, and draw EA and
FB perpendicular to EF; then u])on the base AB describe the
rib .YC of the vertical section of the dome. Divide the curve
AC into the e(piidistant arcs Al, 12, 23, and through the points
of division draw the lines ](/, 2h, 3i perpendicular to AB cutting
Fi F at t/hi and DF at k/m. Produce FE to V and extend the arcs
Al, 12, 23 upon the straight line EV from E successively to
the points opq. Through the points opq draw the lines or, jis,
qt parallel to ED. Make or, ps, qt respectively equal to r/k,
hi, iiii ; then through the points r st draw a curve, and DEV will
be the half arc or half mould of the boarding.
TT 2
I
I
ii
U^'
Fig. 717.