NON-FINITE PHRASES - Practical Classes 6

I Underline the subordinate clauses and decide whether their function is nominal, adverbial, relative (adjectival) or
comparative. With a nominal clause, decide whether it is functioning as a subject, object, in apposition or
complement.
1. Where I go is my business.
2. I don't want to tell anyone where I go.
3. Otherwise everyone will go where I go.
4. The place where I go is quiet and unfashionable.
5. Some people say that I hide from the world.
6. Why shouldn't I have some secrets that I hide from the world?
7. Actually the idea, that I hide from the world, is absurd.
8. I don't mind admitting a desire for solitude.
9. A hotel offering peace and quiet is my idea of bliss.
10. I usually go away when there's not much work to do.
11. I don't really know when would be the best time.
12. I'm wondering if you'll be in town.
13. If you're in town, do ring me.
14. I go away as often as possible.
15. But I don't go away as often as my sister.
16. You never seem to relax enough to enjoy yourself.
17. The main thing is to enjoy yourself.
18. Don't you ever go away just to enjoy yourself?

I I J oin the sentences together using the conjunctions in brackets and making any other changes necessary.
1. I reached Paddington station recently. My train was leaving. (Just as)
2. I had to wait half an hour. The next train left. (before)
3. I put my case on the rack. I settled down to read my book. (once)
4. The train stopped. He jumped out.
5. I told him I only knew one person in York. It turned out that he knew her. (when)

I I I Rewrite the following conditional clauses with inversion of subject and verb. Your answers will begin with: had,
should, were; I n the constructed sentences, underline the subordinate clauses.
1. If I told him, he'd probably laugh.
2. If you see an unidentified flying object, let me know.
3. If you had been with me last night, you would have seen the UFOs.
4. If you hadn't told me. I would never have believed it.
5. Many sightings would prove to be hoaxes, if we investigated them.

I V Concession: Rewrite the following, using the conjunctions given and making any necessary changes:
1. I don't approve of telling lies. But telling the truth can be painful. (while)
2. They need to find put about us, yet do they have to ask such personal questions? (though)
3. Some personal information may be necessary. Even so, I don't want to give it. (even if)
4. I very much wanted the last job I applied for. However, I refused to complete the questionnaire. (much as)
5. Employers naturally want to recruit the right people, but some of their methods do seem doubtful.

V Reason, purpose, result: Rewrite the following, using the conjunctions given and making any necessary changes:
1. Violent exercise can damage muscles, so serious runners plan their diet carefully. (for)
2. You might have a 'heart condition', so have a check-up with your doctor. (in case)
3. Choose your running shoes carefully; otherwise you may damage your feet. (so as)
4. You don't have to run if you want to keep fit - cycling or swimming will do. (in order to)
5. Some marathon runners experience real pain because they train very hard. (so .... that)

VI Replace the finite adverbial clauses with non-finite clauses and make other necessary changes:
1. We left the meeting, since there was obviously no point in staying.(-ing)
2. If the situation is looked at this in this way, it doesn't seem so desperate. (-ed)
3. Children under the age of fourteen are not allowed into the cinema unless they are accompanied by an adult. (-ed)
4. Since we didn't have any time to spare, we couldn't visit all the places we would have liked to. (-ing)
5. As we had never been to the city before, we bought a guidebook at the first stationer's we came in. (-ing)
6. Whether it was restored in the nineteenth century or not, the painting was unanimously attributed to Tiepolo. (-ed)