802

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE. Book II.

2365-9. The above table almost explains itself, but one example will be tiken for
illustrating its use,
premising that if deals are at a price between, above, or below that
stated in the first column, the rules of arithmetic must be applied for the intermediate
prices. Suppose deals, then, to be at iol. per hundred; an inspection of the table shows
that the value of 1^-inch deal is 8d. per foot super., or 6d. run; that a 12-foot deal
2 inches thick is worth 6*. 8^d.
;
and that a foot run of 3-inch deal 11 inches wide, which
is the standard width, is worth U\d. The preceding table, which is applicable purely
to joinery, is all that can be here given in general terms as to the prices of work.
2370. Slatek. The work of the slater is measured and estimated by the square of
100 feet superficial. The diflferent sorts of slate, and how much a given quantity of each
will cover, have been described in Chap. II. Sect. IX.
(1798
ei seq.). To measure
slating, in addition to the net measure of the work, 6 inches are allowed for all the eaves,
and 4 inches by their length for hips
;
such allowance being made in the first-named case
because the slates are there double, and in the latter case for the waste in cutting away
the sides of the slates to fit. When rags or imperial slates are used, an addition allowance
of 9 inches is made for the eaves, because those slates run larger than the other sorts.
2371. Mason. Solid works, such as pilasters, cornices, coping, stringings, and
others, should be first measured to ascertain the cubic quantity of stone they contain
as going from the banker to the building
;
and on this, additional work, as plain work,
sunk work, moulded or circular work, must be measured in superficial feet and
separately valued. It is usual to allow a plain face to each joint, but no more than
one should be taken to a 3-feet length. In staircases the flyers should be taken where
splayed on the back, their full length and width by three-fifths of the depth of the riser,
to allow for waste in getting two of the steps from the same block of stone. The measure-
ment for the winders seems to be most properly conducted by ascertaining the net cubic
contents of them, and then making the allowance for waste. Indeed this is a more proper
and satisfactory mode for the flyers. The top of the treads are then taken on the super-
ficies as plain work, and the fronts and ends of the risers as moulded M'ork. In an open
stiircase, the under side of the flyers is measured as plain work
;
the under side of the
Avinders as circular plain work; the rebate?, cuttings out, pinnings in, &c., as they are
found. Cylindrical Avork, such as of columns, after the cube quantity is ascertained, ia
measured as equal to plain Avork tAvice taken. In Portland dressings to chimneys,
Avherever edges appear, it is cu-tomary to add an inch to the dimensions for extra labour
;
to marble,
^
of an inch; or to take the running dimensions of the edges.
2372-3. Paving slabs and stones under 2 ins. thick are taken by superficial measure.
Cornices are measured by obtaining their girt, and multiplying by their length for the
quantity of moulded Avork in them.
2374. Founder. The proper mode of estimating cast iron is by the ton or cwt.
Moulds for the castings, when out of the common course, are charged extra. Very ol'ten,
too, cast iron pip( s and gutters are, according to their sizes, charged by the yard. Wrought
iron beams and girders, of various shapes, are charged for by the ton. (See 1765 ct srq.)
For ornamental castings patterns have to be made; these are usually paid for in addition,
and are often expensiA'e.
2375. Smith and Ihonmonoer. Wrought iron for chimney bars, iron ties, screw bolts,
balusters Avith straps, area gratings, handrails and balusters, hook-and-eye hinges, brackets
for shelves, chains for posts, AVTOught iron columns with caps and bases, fancy iron railing,
casements, shutter-bars, and the like, are charged by the pound, at vaiious prices, according
to the nature of the work. In the ironmonger's department nails and brads are charged by
the hundred, though sold by weight, seldom exceeding 900 to the 1000. Screws, Avhich
take their names from their length, are charged by the dozen. Cast, and also wrought butts
and screws, cast and Avrought back flaps, butts and screws, side or
H
hinges, with screws, by
the pair. All sorts of bolts Avith screws, of Avhich the round part of the bolt determines
the length, by the inch.
|-L
hinges and cross gai'net hinges by the pair. Other hinges and
screws by the piece. Locks by tiie piece. Pulleys according to their diameters. On all
ironmongery
20 per cent, is charged on the prime cost. Wrought ij-on ornamental AVork
is charged for according to the time and skill. (See 2253 et seq.)
2376. Plasterer. The work of the plasterer is measured, generally, by the yard super-
ficial. The usuil way of measuring stucco Avork f o partitions and walls is, to take the height
from the upper edge of the ground to half Avay up the cornice, the extra price of the stucco
making good for the deficiency of floated work under it. In ceilings and other work, the sur-
face under the cornice is often taken, because there is no deficiency but in the setting, and that