What is Acceptance Testing?

Testing conducted to enable a user/customer to determine whether to accept a software product.

Normally performed to validate the software meets a set of agreed acceptance criteria.
What is Accessibility Testing?
Verifying a product is accessible to the people having disabilities (deaf blind mentally disabled
etc.!.
What is Ad "oc Testing?
A testing phase where the tester tries to #brea$# the system by randomly trying the system#s
functionality. %an include negative testing as well. &ee also 'on$ey Testing.
What is Agile Testing?
Testing practice for pro(ects using agile methodologies treating development as the customer of
testing and emphasi)ing a test*first design paradigm. &ee also Test +riven +evelopment.
What is Application ,inary -nterface (A,-!?
A specification defining re.uirements for portability of applications in binary forms across
defferent system platforms and environments.
What is Application /rogramming -nterface (A/-!?
A formali)ed set of software calls and routines that can be referenced by an application program
in order to access supporting system or networ$ services.
What is Automated &oftware 0uality (A&0!?
The use of software tools such as automated testing tools to improve software .uality.
What is Automated Testing?
Testing employing software tools which e1ecute tests without manual intervention. %an be
applied in 23- performance A/- etc. testing.
The use of software to control the e1ecution of tests the comparison of actual outcomes to
predicted outcomes the setting up of test preconditions and other test control and test reporting
functions.
What is ,ac$us*Naur 4orm?
A metalanguage used to formally describe the synta1 of a language.
What is ,asic ,loc$?
A se.uence of one or more consecutive e1ecutable statements containing no branches.
What is ,asis /ath Testing?
A white bo1 test case design techni.ue that uses the algorithmic flow of the program to design
tests.
What is ,asis &et?
The set of tests derived using basis path testing.
What is ,aseline?
The point at which some deliverable produced during the software engineering process is put
under formal change control.
What you will do during the first day of (ob?
What would you li$e to do five years from now?
Tell me about the worst boss you#ve ever had.
What are your greatest wea$nesses?
What are your strengths?
What is a successful product?
What do you li$e about Windows?
What is good code?
What are basic core practices for a 0A specialist?
What do you li$e about 0A?
What has not wor$ed well in your previous 0A e1perience and what would you change?
"ow you will begin to improve the 0A process?
What is the difference between 0A and 0%?
What is 3'5 and how to use it for testing?
What is ,eta Testing?
Testing of a rerelease of a software product conducted by customers.
What is ,inary /ortability Testing?
Testing an e1ecutable application for portability across system platforms and environments
usually for conformation to an A,- specification.
What is ,lac$ ,o1 Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of the specification of a piece of software without reference to its
internal wor$ings. The goal is to test how well the component conforms to the published
re.uirements for the component.
What is ,ottom 3p Testing?
An approach to integration testing where the lowest level components are tested first then used
to facilitate the testing of higher level components. The process is repeated until the component
at the top of the hierarchy is tested.
What is ,oundary Testing?
Test which focus on the boundary or limit conditions of the software being tested. (&ome of these
tests are stress tests!.
What is ,ug?
A fault in a program which causes the program to perform in an unintended or unanticipated
manner.
What is ,oundary Value Analysis?
,VA is similar to 6.uivalence /artitioning but focuses on 7corner cases7 or values that are
usually out of range as defined by the specification. his means that if a function e1pects all
values in range of negative 899 to positive 8999 test inputs would include negative 898 and
positive 8998.
What is ,ranch Testing?
Testing in which all branches in the program source code are tested at least once.
What is ,readth Testing?
A test suite that e1ercises the full functionality of a product but does not test features in detail.
What is %A&T?
%omputer Aided &oftware Testing.
What is %''-?
What do you li$e about computers?
+o you have a favourite 0A boo$? 'ore than one? Which ones? And why.
What is the responsibility of programmers vs 0A?
What are the properties of a good re.uirement?
"o to do test if we have minimal or no documentation about the product?
What are all the basic elements in a defect report?
-s an 7A fast database retrieval rate7 a testable re.uirement?
What is software .uality assurance?
What is the value of a testing group? "ow do you (ustify your wor$ and budget?
What is the role of the test group vis*:*vis documentation tech support and so forth?
"ow much interaction with users should testers have and why?
"ow should you learn about problems discovered in the field and what should you learn from
those problems?
What are the roles of glass*bo1 and blac$*bo1 testing tools?
What issues come up in test automation and how do you manage them?
What is %apture/;eplay Tool?
A test tool that records test input as it is sent to the software under test. The input cases stored
can then be used to reproduce the test at a later time. 'ost commonly applied to 23- test tools.
What is %''?
The %apability 'aturity 'odel for &oftware (%'' or &W*%''! is a model for (udging the
maturity of the software processes of an organi)ation and for identifying the $ey practices that
are re.uired to increase the maturity of these processes.
What is %ause 6ffect 2raph?
A graphical representation of inputs and the associated outputs effects which can be used to
design test cases.
What is %ode %omplete?
/hase of development where functionality is implemented in entirety< bug fi1es are all that are
left. All functions found in the 4unctional &pecifications have been implemented.
What is %ode %overage?
An analysis method that determines which parts of the software have been e1ecuted (covered! by
the test case suite and which parts have not been e1ecuted and therefore may re.uire additional
attention.
What is %ode -nspection?
A formal testing techni.ue where the programmer reviews source code with a group who as$
.uestions analy)ing the program logic analy)ing the code with respect to a chec$list of
historically common programming errors and analy)ing its compliance with coding standards.
What is %ode Wal$through?
A formal testing techni.ue where source code is traced by a group with a small set of test cases
while the state of program variables is manually monitored to analy)e the programmer#s logic
and assumptions.
What is %oding?
The generation of source code.
What is %ompatibility Testing?
Testing whether software is compatible with other elements of a system with which it should
operate e.g. browsers =perating &ystems or hardware.
What is %omponent?
A minimal software item for which a separate specification is available.
What is %omponent Testing?
&ee the .uestion what is 3nit Testing.
What is %oncurrency Testing?
'ulti*user testing geared towards determining the effects of accessing the same application code
module or database records. -dentifies and measures the level of loc$ing deadloc$ing and use of
single*threaded code and loc$ing semaphores.
What is %onformance Testing?
The process of testing that an implementation conforms to the specification on which it is based.
3sually applied to testing conformance to a formal standard.
What is %onte1t +riven Testing?
The conte1t*driven school of software testing is flavor of Agile Testing that advocates continuous
and creative evaluation of testing opportunities in light of the potential information revealed and
the value of that information to the organi)ation right now.
What development model should programmers and the test group use?
"ow do you get programmers to build testability support into their code?
What is the role of a bug trac$ing system?
What are the $ey challenges of testing?
"ave you ever completely tested any part of a product? "ow?
"ave you done e1ploratory or specification*driven testing?
&hould every business test its software the same way?
+iscuss the economics of automation and the role of metrics in testing.
+escribe components of a typical test plan such as tools for interactive products and for database
products as well as cause*and*effect graphs and data*flow diagrams.
When have you had to focus on data integrity?
What are some of the typical bugs you encountered in your last assignment?
"ow do you prioriti)e testing tas$s within a pro(ect?
"ow do you develop a test plan and schedule? +escribe bottom*up and top*down approaches.
When should you begin test planning?
When should you begin testing?
What is %onversion Testing?
Testing of programs or procedures used to convert data from e1isting systems for use in
replacement systems.
What is %yclomatic %omple1ity?
A measure of the logical comple1ity of an algorithm used in white*bo1 testing.
What is +ata +ictionary?
A database that contains definitions of all data items defined during analysis.
What is +ata 4low +iagram?
A modeling notation that represents a functional decomposition of a system.
What is +ata +riven Testing?
Testing in which the action of a test case is parameteri)ed by e1ternally defined data values
maintained as a file or spreadsheet. A common techni.ue in Automated Testing.
What is +ebugging?
The process of finding and removing the causes of software failures.
What is +efect?
Nonconformance to re.uirements or functional / program specification
What is +ependency Testing?
61amines an application#s re.uirements for pre*e1isting software initial states and configuration
in order to maintain proper functionality.
What is +epth Testing?
A test that e1ercises a feature of a product in full detail.
What is +ynamic Testing?
Testing software through e1ecuting it. &ee also &tatic Testing.
What is 6mulator?
A device computer program or system that accepts the same inputs and produces the same
outputs as a given system.
What is 6ndurance Testing?
%hec$s for memory lea$s or other problems that may occur with prolonged e1ecution.
What is 6nd*to*6nd testing?
Testing a complete application environment in a situation that mimics real*world use such as
interacting with a database using networ$ communications or interacting with other hardware
applications or systems if appropriate.
What is 6.uivalence %lass?
A portion of a component#s input or output domains for which the component#s behaviour is
assumed to be the same from the component#s specification.
What is 6.uivalence /artitioning?
A test case design techni.ue for a component in which test cases are designed to e1ecute
representatives from e.uivalence classes.
What is 61haustive Testing?
Testing which covers all combinations of input values and preconditions for an element of the
software under test.
What is 4unctional +ecomposition?
A techni.ue used during planning analysis and design< creates a functional hierarchy for the
software.
What is 4unctional &pecification?
A document that describes in detail the characteristics of the product with regard to its intended
features.
What is 4unctional Testing?
Testing the features and operational behavior of a product to ensure they correspond to its
specifications.
Testing that ignores the internal mechanism of a system or component and focuses solely on the
outputs generated in response to selected inputs and e1ecution conditions.
&ee also What is ,lac$ ,o1 Testing.
What is 2lass ,o1 Testing?
A synonym for White ,o1 Testing.
+o you $now of metrics that help you estimate the si)e of the testing effort?
"ow do you scope out the si)e of the testing effort?
"ow many hours a wee$ should a tester wor$?
"ow should your staff be managed? "ow about your overtime?
"ow do you estimate staff re.uirements?
What do you do (with the pro(ect tas$s! when the schedule fails?
"ow do you handle conflict with programmers?
"ow do you $now when the product is tested well enough?
What characteristics would you see$ in a candidate for test*group manager?
What do you thin$ the role of test*group manager should be? ;elative to senior management?
;elative to other technical groups in the company? ;elative to your staff?
"ow do your characteristics compare to the profile of the ideal manager that you (ust described?
"ow does your preferred wor$ style wor$ with the ideal test*manager role that you (ust
described? What is different between the way you wor$ and the role you described?
Who should you hire in a testing group and why?
What is 2orilla Testing?
Testing one particular module functionality heavily.
What is 2ray ,o1 Testing?
A combination of ,lac$ ,o1 and White ,o1 testing methodologies? testing a piece of software
against its specification but using some $nowledge of its internal wor$ings.
What is "igh =rder Tests?
,lac$*bo1 tests conducted once the software has been integrated.
What is -ndependent Test 2roup (-T2!?
A group of people whose primary responsibility is software testing
What is -nspection?
A group review .uality improvement process for written material. -t consists of two aspects<
product (document itself! improvement and process improvement (of both document production
and inspection!.
What is -ntegration Testing?
Testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly.
3sually performed after unit and functional testing. This type of testing is especially relevant to
client/server and distributed systems.
What is -nstallation Testing?
%onfirms that the application under test recovers from e1pected or une1pected events without
loss of data or functionality. 6vents can include shortage of dis$ space une1pected loss of
communication or power out conditions.
What is 5oad Testing?
&ee /erformance Testing.
What is 5ocali)ation Testing?
This term refers to ma$ing software specifically designed for a specific locality.
What is 5oop Testing?
A white bo1 testing techni.ue that e1ercises program loops.
What is 'etric?
A standard of measurement. &oftware metrics are the statistics describing the structure or content
of a program. A metric should be a real ob(ective measurement of something such as number of
bugs per lines of code.
What is 'on$ey Testing?
Testing a system or an Application on the fly i.e (ust few tests here and there to ensure the
system or an application does not crash out.
What is Negative Testing?
Testing aimed at showing software does not wor$. Also $nown as 7test to fail7. &ee also /ositive
Testing.
What is /ath Testing?
Testing in which all paths in the program source code are tested at least once.
What is /erformance Testing?
Testing conducted to evaluate the compliance of a system or component with specified
performance re.uirements. =ften this is performed using an automated test tool to simulate large
number of users. Also $now as 75oad Testing7.
What is /ositive Testing?
Testing aimed at showing software wor$s. Also $nown as 7test to pass7. &ee also Negative
Testing.
What is 0uality Assurance?
All those planned or systematic actions necessary to provide ade.uate confidence that a product
or service is of the type and .uality needed and e1pected by the customer.
What is 0uality Audit?
A systematic and independent e1amination to determine whether .uality activities and related
results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented
effectively and are suitable to achieve ob(ectives.
What is 0uality %ircle?
A group of individuals with related interests that meet at regular intervals to consider problems
or other matters related to the .uality of outputs of a process and to the correction of problems or
to the improvement of .uality.
What is 0uality %ontrol?
The operational techni.ues and the activities used to fulfill and verify re.uirements of .uality.
What is 0uality 'anagement?
That aspect of the overall management function that determines and implements the .uality
policy.
What is 0uality /olicy?
The overall intentions and direction of an organi)ation as regards .uality as formally e1pressed
by top management.
What is 0uality &ystem?
The organi)ational structure responsibilities procedures processes and resources for
implementing .uality management.
What is ;ace %ondition?
A cause of concurrency problems. 'ultiple accesses to a shared resource at least one of which is
a write with no mechanism used by either to moderate simultaneous access.
What is ;amp Testing?
%ontinuously raising an input signal until the system brea$s down.
What is ;ecovery Testing?
%onfirms that the program recovers from e1pected or une1pected events without loss of data or
functionality. 6vents can include shortage of dis$ space une1pected loss of communication or
power out conditions.
What is ;egression Testing?
;etesting a previously tested program following modification to ensure that faults have not been
introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes made.
What is ;elease %andidate?
A pre*release version which contains the desired functionality of the final version but which
needs to be tested for bugs (which ideally should be removed before the final version is
released!.
What is &anity Testing?
,rief test of ma(or functional elements of a piece of software to determine if its basically
operational. &ee also &mo$e Testing.
What is &calability Testing?
/erformance testing focused on ensuring the application under test gracefully handles increases
in wor$ load.
What is the role of metrics in comparing staff performance in human resources management?
"ow do you estimate staff re.uirements?
What do you do (with the pro(ect staff! when the schedule fails?
+escribe some staff conflicts you>?ve handled.
Why did you ever become involved in 0A/testing?
What is the difference between testing and 0uality Assurance?
What was a problem you had in your previous assignment (testing if possible!? "ow did you
resolve it?
What are two of your strengths that you will bring to our 0A/testing team?
What do you li$e most about 0uality Assurance/Testing?
What do you li$e least about 0uality Assurance/Testing?
What is the Waterfall +evelopment 'ethod and do you agree with all the steps?
What is the V*'odel +evelopment 'ethod and do you agree with this model?
What is &ecurity Testing?
Testing which confirms that the program can restrict access to authori)ed personnel and that the
authori)ed personnel can access the functions available to their security level.
What is &mo$e Testing?
A .uic$*and*dirty test that the ma(or functions of a piece of software wor$. =riginated in the
hardware testing practice of turning on a new piece of hardware for the first time and considering
it a success if it does not catch on fire.
What is &oa$ Testing?
;unning a system at high load for a prolonged period of time. 4or e1ample running several
times more transactions in an entire day (or night! than would be e1pected in a busy day to
identify and performance problems that appear after a large number of transactions have been
e1ecuted.
What is &oftware ;e.uirements &pecification?
A deliverable that describes all data functional and behavioral re.uirements all constraints and
all validation re.uirements for software/
What is &oftware Testing?
A set of activities conducted with the intent of finding errors in software.
What is &tatic Analysis?
Analysis of a program carried out without e1ecuting the program.
What is &tatic Analy)er?
A tool that carries out static analysis.
What is &tatic Testing?
Analysis of a program carried out without e1ecuting the program.
What is &torage Testing?
Testing that verifies the program under test stores data files in the correct directories and that it
reserves sufficient space to prevent une1pected termination resulting from lac$ of space. This is
e1ternal storage as opposed to internal storage.
What is &tress Testing?
Testing conducted to evaluate a system or component at or beyond the limits of its specified
re.uirements to determine the load under which it fails and how. =ften this is performance
testing using a very high level of simulated load.
What is &tructural Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of internal wor$ings and structure of a piece of software. &ee also
White ,o1 Testing.
What is &ystem Testing?
Testing that attempts to discover defects that are properties of the entire system rather than of its
individual components.
What is Testability?
The degree to which a system or component facilitates the establishment of test criteria and the
performance of tests to determine whether those criteria have been met.
What is Testing?
The process of e1ercising software to verify that it satisfies specified re.uirements and to detect
errors.
The process of analy)ing a software item to detect the differences between e1isting and re.uired
conditions (that is bugs! and to evaluate the features of the software item (;ef. -666 &td @AB!.
The process of operating a system or component under specified conditions observing or
recording the results and ma$ing an evaluation of some aspect of the system or component.
What is Test Automation? -t is the same as Automated Testing.
What is Test ,ed?
An e1ecution environment configured for testing. 'ay consist of specific hardware =& networ$
topology configuration of the product under test other application or system software etc. The
Test /lan for a pro(ect should enumerated the test beds(s! to be used.
What is Test %ase?
Test %ase is a commonly used term for a specific test. This is usually the smallest unit of testing.
A Test %ase will consist of information such as re.uirements testing test steps verification steps
prere.uisites outputs test environment etc.
A set of inputs e1ecution preconditions and e1pected outcomes developed for a particular
ob(ective such as to e1ercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific
re.uirement.
Test +riven +evelopment? Testing methodology associated with Agile /rogramming in which
every chun$ of code is covered by unit tests which must all pass all the time in an effort to
eliminate unit*level and regression bugs during development. /ractitioners of T++ write a lot of
tests i.e. an e.ual number of lines of test code to the si)e of the production code.
What is Test +river?
A program or test tool used to e1ecute a tests. Also $nown as a Test "arness.
What is Test 6nvironment?
The hardware and software environment in which tests will be run and any other software with
which the software under test interacts when under test including stubs and test drivers.
What is Test 4irst +esign?
Test*first design is one of the mandatory practices of 61treme /rogramming (C/!.-t re.uires that
programmers do not write any production code until they have first written a unit test.
What is a 72ood Tester7?
%ould you tell me two things you did in your previous assignment (0A/Testing related
hopefully! that you are proud of?
5ist D words that best describe your strengths.
What are two of your wea$nesses?
What methodologies have you used to develop test cases?
-n an application currently in production one module of code is being modified. -s it necessary
to re* test the whole application or is it enough to (ust test functionality associated with that
module?
"ow do you go about going into a new organi)ation? "ow do you assimilate?
+efine the following and e1plain their usefulnessE %hange 'anagement %onfiguration
'anagement Version %ontrol and +efect Trac$ing.
What is -&= B999? "ave you ever been in an -&= shop?
When are you done testing?
What is the difference between a test strategy and a test plan?
What is -&= B99F? Why is it important
What is Test "arness?
A program or test tool used to e1ecute a tests. Also $nown as a Test +river.
What is Test /lan?
A document describing the scope approach resources and schedule of intended testing
activities. -t identifies test items the features to be tested the testing tas$s who will do each
tas$ and any ris$s re.uiring contingency planning. ;ef -666 &td @AB.
What is Test /rocedure?
A document providing detailed instructions for the e1ecution of one or more test cases.
What is Test &cript?
%ommonly used to refer to the instructions for a particular test that will be carried out by an
automated test tool.
What is Test &pecification?
A document specifying the test approach for a software feature or combination or features and
the inputs predicted results and e1ecution conditions for the associated tests.
What is Test &uite?
A collection of tests used to validate the behavior of a product. The scope of a Test &uite varies
from organi)ation to organi)ation. There may be several Test &uites for a particular product for
e1ample. -n most cases however a Test &uite is a high level concept grouping together hundreds
or thousands of tests related by what they are intended to test.
What is Test Tools?
%omputer programs used in the testing of a system a component of the system or its
documentation.
What is Thread Testing?
A variation of top*down testing where the progressive integration of components follows the
implementation of subsets of the re.uirements as opposed to the integration of components by
successively lower levels.
What is Top +own Testing?
An approach to integration testing where the component at the top of the component hierarchy is
tested first with lower level components being simulated by stubs. Tested components are then
used to test lower level components. The process is repeated until the lowest level components
have been tested.
What is Total 0uality 'anagement?
A company commitment to develop a process that achieves high .uality product and customer
satisfaction.
What is Traceability 'atri1?
A document showing the relationship between Test ;e.uirements and Test %ases.
What is 3sability Testing?
Testing the ease with which users can learn and use a product.
What is 3se %ase?
The specification of tests that are conducted from the end*user perspective. 3se cases tend to
focus on operating software as an end*user would conduct their day*to*day activities.
What is 3nit Testing?
Testing of individual software components.
What is Validation?
The process of evaluating software at the end of the software development process to ensure
compliance with software re.uirements. The techni.ues for validation is testing inspection and
reviewing
What is Verification?
The process of determining whether of not the products of a given phase of the software
development cycle meet the implementation steps and can be traced to the incoming ob(ectives
established during the previous phase. The techni.ues for verification are testing inspection and
reviewing.
What is Volume Testing?
Testing which confirms that any values that may become large over time (such as accumulated
counts logs and data files! can be accommodated by the program and will not cause the
program to stop wor$ing or degrade its operation in any manner.
What is Wal$through?
A review of re.uirements designs or code characteri)ed by the author of the material under
review guiding the progression of the review.
What is White ,o1 Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of internal wor$ings and structure of a piece of software. -ncludes
techni.ues such as ,ranch Testing and /ath Testing. Also $nown as &tructural Testing and 2lass
,o1 Testing. %ontrast with ,lac$ ,o1 Testing.
What is Wor$flow Testing?
&cripted end*to*end testing which duplicates specific wor$flows which are e1pected to be
utili)ed by the end*user.
What are -&= standards? Why are they important?
What is -666 @AB? (This standard is important for &oftware Test +ocumentation*Why?!
What is -666? Why is it important?
+o you support automated testing? Why?
We have a testing assignment that is time*driven. +o you thin$ automated tests are the best
solution?
What is your e1perience with change control? =ur development team has only 89 members. +o
you thin$ managing change is such a big deal for us?
Are reusable test cases a big plus of automated testing and e1plain why.
%an you build a good audit trail using %ompuware#s 0A%enter products. 61plain why.
"ow important is %hange 'anagement in today#s computing environments?
+o you thin$ tools are re.uired for managing change. 61plain and please list some
tools/practices which can help you managing change.
We believe in ad*hoc software processes for pro(ects. +o you agree with this? /lease e1plain
your answer.
When is a good time for system testing?
Are regression tests re.uired or do you feel there is a better use for resources?
=ur software designers use 3'5 for modeling applications. ,ased on their use cases we would
li$e to plan a test strategy. +o you agree with this approach or would this mean more effort for
the testers.
Tell me about a difficult time you had at wor$ and how you wor$ed through it.
2ive me an e1ample of something you tried at wor$ but did not wor$ out so you had to go at
things another way.
"ow can one file compare future dated output files from a program which has change against
the baseline run which used current date for input. The client does not want to mas$ dates on the
output files to allow compares
Test Automation
What automating testing tools are you familiar with?
"ow did you use automating testing tools in your (ob?
+escribe some problem that you had with automating testing tool.
"ow do you plan test automation?
%an test automation improve test effectiveness?
What is data * driven automation?
What are the main attributes of test automation?
+oes automation replace manual testing?
"ow will you choose a tool for test automation?
"ow you will evaluate the tool for test automation?
What are main benefits of test automation?
What could go wrong with test automation?
"ow you will describe testing activities?
What testing activities you may want to automate?