Grade 10 Mean Mode and Median

Grade 10 Math
Mean, Mode and Median

Name ..............................
Date ..............................
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Answer The Following
1) There are a total of 9 chocolates - 3 each in the flavors of banana, coffee and grape. There
are also 4 children. If each child is allowed to choose their own favorite flavor, what is the
probability that all of them will get flavors of their choice?
2) Find the median of the following data
Marks Number of Students
Less than 10 25
Less than 20 44
Less than 30 69
Less than 40 97
Less than 50 124
3) The letters of the word PROBABILITY are rearranged in a random order. What is the
probability that the letters P and L have exactly 4 letters between them.
4) If a prime number is less than 29, what is the probability that it is also less than 13.
5) A poll is taken among people working in Houston. The aim was to see what their annual
salaries were.
Annual Salary Number of people
Less than 40000 200
40001 to 75000 1100
75001 to 150000 1660
150001 to 250000 2816
More than 250000 4224
If you choose a person at random from this group, what is the probability that he or she earns
more than 40000 annually?
6) Laura is participating in a race. The probability that she will come first in the race is 0.25. The
probability that she will come second in the race is 0.15. The probability that she will come in
3rd is 0.45, and the probability that she will be 4th is 0.15. What is the probability that she will
come in 2nd position or better in the race?
7) The numbers 1 to 15 are written on 15 pieces of paper and dropped into a box. Three of
them are drawn at random. What is the probability that the three pieces of paper picked have
numbers that are in arithmetic progression?
ID : Grade10-Mean-Mode-and-Median [1]
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8) Find the mean of the following data
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 10 16 18 22 34
9) Find the mean of the following data (Hint: Use the Step-Deviation method)
Class interval 200-210 210-220 220-230 230-240 240-250
Frequency 24 10 8 23 35
10) The distribution of IQ among a set of students is given below. What is their median IQ?
Class interval 88-96 96-104 104-112 112-120 120-128
Frequency 10 21 20 24 27
Choose correct answer(s) from given choice
11) If the mean of the following data is 25.85, and the product of x and y is 336, then what is the
value of y
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
Frequency 28 26 34 36 x y 38
a. 21 b. 28
c. 24 d. 25
12) 4 coins are tossed in parallel. What is the probability of getting at least one heads?
a.
1
16
b.
12
16

c.
6
16
d.
15
16

13) In 1992, the meteorological office predicted the weathers completely right for the months of
february and april, and completely wrong for all the other months. What is the probability that
the forecast was right for a given day that year?
a.
56
365
b.
59
366

c.
60
366
d.
307
365

14) Find the median of the following data
Class interval 100-110 110-120 120-130 130-140 140-150
Frequency 12 11 10 14 19
a. 130 b. 120
c. 135 d. 125
15) What is the probability that a leap year will contain 53 Wednesdays and 52 Thursdays?
a.
1
366
b.
2
366

c.
1
52
d.
1
7

16) Coin A is flipped 3 times and coin B is flipped 5 times. What is the probability that the number
of heads obtained from flipping the two coins is the same?
a.
9
34
b.
3
30

c.
5
32
d.
7
32

17) If the mean of the following data is 28.2, find the value of x
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 24 10 10 22 x
a. 32 b. 34
c. 37 d. 35
18) Donna and Kenneth each have a bag that contains one ball each of the colors pink, blue,
white, yellow, orange and grey. Donna randomly selects a ball from her bag and puts it in
Kenneth's bag. Then Kenneth randomly selects a ball from his bag and puts it in Donna's
bag. What is the probability that after this the contents of the bag are the same as before?
a.
1
3
b.
4
5

c.
1
7
d.
2
7

19) From among a group of 5 men, 5 women and 6 children, 3 individuals are selected randomly.
What is the probability that exactly 2 among the chosen are children?
a.
155
562
b.
150
560

c.
146
1120
d.
150
1120

20) If the mean of the following data is 24.3, and the sum of all the frequencies is 200, then what
is the value of y
Class interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
Frequency 22 24 34 y 22 x 35
a. 40 b. 37
c. 38 d. 46
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Answers
1)
26
27

Step 1
There are 4 children. They each have some favourite flavor from among banana, coffee and grape.
Each child's favourite could be any one of the 3 choices
The possible combinations of flavors they like = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 81
Step 2
Let's now consider the options where even one child, no matter what his or her favourite flavour is,
does not get his or her choice
Now there are 3 flavors in each choice, and 4 children.
The only way for a child not to get his or her favourite is if all 4 children choose the same flavor.
This is because if even one child chooses some other flavor from the rest, the other 3 children could
get their favourite, no matter what they choose
Step 3
The cases where some child might not get his or her choice is therefore when they all choose the same
flavor
Since there are 3 flavors, this can happen in 3 cases
So the probability that a child does not get his or her flavor =
3
81

Step 4
Therefore the probability that all children get their choice = 1 -
3
81
=
26
27

2) 38
3)
12
110

Step 1
The first step is finding out all the possible arrangements of the letters of the word PROBABILITY.
Note that we are not interested in "unique" arrangements (in some kind of problems we would be), but
just the total possible arrangement
Step 2
The answer to this is that there are 11 letters in this word, and therefore the letters can be arranged in
11! ways i.e. 11x10x9x...2x1 ways
To see this, take any of the letters - it can be in any of the possible 11 positions.
For each of these position, a second letter can be in any of the other 10 positions (11 minus the one
taken up by the first letter)
So the two letters can appear in 11x10 combinations
For each of these 110 combinations, a third letter can be in any of the remaining 9 places, and so on
Step 3
Now we know the total number of arrangements (11!) possible, and need to look for the possible
arrangements where the letters P and L have exactly 4 letters between them)
Step 4
This can be seen by inspection
If P is in the first position (first letter of the word), then L would need to be in position 6 (since there are
4 letters between them
Similarly, if P is in the second position , then L would need to be in position 7
There are 6 such positions, the last one having P in the 6th position and L being in the last position
Step 5
The same thing can be seen with L being before P. There are 6 such positions
So the total number of positions for the two letters where this condition is met is 12
Now we have filled in 2 of the 11 letters with P and L in 12 ways
The remaining 9 letters can take any of the remaining 9 positions for each of these
Since there are no restriction on the remaining 9 letters, the number of possible arrangements of 9
letters in 9 positions is 9! So the total ways to rearrange all the letters so that P and L have exactly 4
letters between them is
12 x 9!
Step 6
Now we can work out the probability of rearranging the letters of PROBABILITY so that P and L have
exactly 4 letters between them
P (arrangement) =
Arrangements where the two letters have 4 letters between them
Total possible arrangements of the letters of PROBABILITY
=
12 x 9!
11!
=
12
110

4) 5/9
Step 1
There are 9 prime numbers (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23) which are less than 29
Of these 5 are less than 13
Step 2
Therefore probability is 5/9
5)
9800
10000

Step 1
First we need to find the total number of people among whom the poll was taken
Step 2
We add the number of people in the various sets 200 + 1100 + 1660 + 2816 + 4224 = 10000
Step 3
To find the probability that the the random person chosen has a salary of more than 40000 , we need
to add the number of people who have salaries greater than this number
This is 1100 + 1660 + 2816 + 4224 = 9800
Step 4
So 9800 people out of a total of 10000 earn an annual salary greater than 40000
The probability that the randomly chosen person has a salary greater than 40000 =
9800
10000

6) 0.4
Step 1
We are looking for the probability that she will come 2nd or better in the race
This is the probability that she will either win the race or be 2nd
Since she can be first or second, the probabilities can be added
Step 2
The probability that she will be first is 0.25
The probability that she will be in second place is 0.15
Step 3
Adding them, we get 0.25 + 0.15 = 0.4
7)
21
195

Step 1
This is a little complicated, so follow carefully
Step 2
For making the explanation and the equations simpler, think of the number on the pieces of paper in
the form of (2n+1)
Here, we can see from the equation 2n+1 = 15, so n=7
Step 3
The probability of getting 3 numbers in an A.P by selecting 3 numbers randomly between 1 and 15 is
the ratio of
- Number of ways we can get an A.P from 3 random numbers between 1 to 15, and
- Number of ways to select 3 random numbers between 1 to 15
Step 4
Let's look at the second part first. Three tickets can be drawn from (2n+1) numbers is in [(2 x n) + 1] C
3 ways
i.e. Number of ways 3 tickets can be drawn =
(2n+1)(2n)(2n-1)
3x2x1

Simplifying this, we get the number of ways to draw 3 numbers between 1 and 15 =
n(4n
2
-1)
3

Here n = 7, so we can simplify it as 455
Step 5
Now for the ways we can get an A.P from 3 numbers bwetween Arithmetic Progressions of 3 numbers
would be a sequence of 3 numbers that are separated by a common interval e.g. 1,2,3 or 3,5,7 etc.
They are in the form (a, a+d, a + 2d), where a is an integer from 1 to (15-2), and d is another integer
So it's helpful to think of the solution in terms of this interval.
So we'll think of all the sequences that have an interval 1, then sequences with interval 2, and so on
Step 6
So what are the possible sequences with interval 1. They are
(1,2,3)
(2,3,4)
...
(2n-1,2n,2n+1)
There are therefore 2n-1 such possible sequences
Step 7
Similarly, let's look at A.P with interval 2 between the terms. They are
(1,3,5)
(2,4,6)
....<2n-3,2n-1,2n+1>
There are 2n-3 such possible sequences
Step 8
We can generalize this to say that the number of such sequences with interval 'd' is (2n-(2d-1))
Obviously the largest possible integer is d=n, with just one sequence (1, n+1, 2n+1)
Step 9
So the total number of such sequences is
(2n-1) + (2n-3) + (2n-5) + ... + 5 + 3 + 1
This is itself an AP with n terms and d=2
The sum of this sequence is
n
2
[2 + (n-1)2]
Simplifying, we get n
2
Here n=7, so this is 49
Step 10
So the probability is
21
195

8) 30.4
9) 228.5
10) 120
11) c. 24
12) d.
15
16

Step 1
The number of possible outcomes when 4 coins are tossed is 2
4
Step 2
To find out the probability of getting at least one heads, let's look at the outcomes where this is not true
i.e. the number of outcomes where you do not have even one heads
Obviously, this is the case where you have all the tosses giving tails
Step 3
There is only one case where you can get all tails
So the probability of getting at least one heads = 1 -
1
16
=
15
16

13) b.
59
366

Step 1
The key thing to note here is that 1992 is a leap year
A leap year has 366 days
Step 2
Now we need to figure out the number of days in february and april
february has 29 days and april has 30 days
Step 3
Adding them together we get 29 + 30 = 59 days
Step 4
So the forecast was right for 59 days and wrong for 307 days
Step 5
The probability that the forecast was right on a given day would therefore be
59
366

14) a. 130
15) d.
1
7

Step 1
There are 366 days in a leap year
Step 2
If we divide 366 by 7 (since there are seven days in a week), we will get an answer of 52, with a
remainder of 2
This means that a leap year will have 52 Sundays, 52 Mondays, 52 Tuesdays, 52 Wednesdays, 52
Thursdays, 52 Fridays and 52 Saturdays.
Apart from these there will be two other days. This means that there will be two weekdays that occur 53
times.
Step 3
The two days could be (Sunday, Monday), (Monday, Tuesday), (Tuesday, Wednesday), (Wednesday,
Thursday), (Thursday, Friday), (Friday, Saturday), or (Saturday, Sunday) - a total of seven
combinations
Step 4
Out of these seven combinations, only one of them has Wednesday but no Thursday
Step 5
So the probability of either of those two days being a Wednesday is
1
7

16) d.
7
32

17) b. 34
18) d.
2
7

19) b.
150
560

Step 1
The total number of people in the group is 16
Step 2
We can select 3 individuals from among them in 16 C 3 ways =
16 x (16-1) x (16-2)
3 x 2 x 1
= 560
Step 3
Here we want the probability that exactly 2 children among these chosen
This means 2 of the chosen 3 are children, and 1 are either men or women
Step 4
Now we need to figure out the number of ways of choosing 2 children from among 6 children.
This is 6 C 2 = 15
Step 5
We also need to find out the ways of choosing 1 men/women from among 10 men/women
This is 10 C 1 = 10
Step 6
The probability that exactly 2 among the chosen 3 are children is therefore
10 x 15
560
=
150
560

20) a. 40

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