EE3030

TESTS ON 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS

Instructed By: Ms. P.H.N.S. De Silva Name : G.R. Raban

Index Number : 070384P
Field : EE
Group :8
Date of Performance : 07 – 10 – 2009
Date of Submission : 21 – 10 – 2009
Discussion
(1) Stray load losses calculation

By no load test,

230
V = V = 132.79 V
3

I = 1.7 A

130 + 160
W = W = 96.67 W
3

V 2 I2 − W 2
X1 + Xm =
I2

(132.79)2 (1.7)2 − (96.67)2

=
(1.7)2

X1 + Xm = 70.587 Ω ................................................... (1)

By blocked rotor test,

60
V = V = 34.64 V
3

I = 8A

460 + 0
W = W = 153.33 W
3

V 2 I2 − W 2
X1 + X2’ =
I2

(34.64)2 (8)2 − (153.33)2

=
(8)2

X1 + X2’ = 3.607 Ω ................................................... (2)

Taking X1 = X2’, which is done in common practice,

3.607
X1 = X2’ = Ω = 1.803 Ω
2
∴ By equation (1),
Xm = 70.587 - 1.803 Ω = 68.784 Ω

W
r1 + R =
I2

153.33
r1 + R = Ω = 2.396 Ω ................................................... (3)
82

r1 is found by the DC resistance test,

5
2r1 = Ω = 2.5 Ω
2

r1 = 1.25 Ω

By equation (3), R = 2.396 – 1.25 Ω = 1.146 Ω

2
𝑋𝑚 + 𝑋2′
Since, r2’ = 𝑅
𝑋𝑚

68.784 + 1.803 2
r2’ = 1.146 × Ω
68.784

r2’ = 1.207 Ω

∴ The equivalent circuit parameters are,

X1 = 1.803 Ω

X2’ = 1.803 Ω

Xm = 68.784 Ω

r1 = 1.25 Ω

r2’ = 1.207 Ω

Stray load losses of motor = (W1 + W2) – I2 (r1 + R) × 3

= (460 + 0) – 82 (1.25 + 5.938) × 3

= -920.096 W
(2) Synchronous speed of motor
(3) Reason for the motor speed always being less than the synchronous speed

The stator of an induction motor consists of 3-phase windings, which when connected to a
3-phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. This will link and cut the rotor conductors, which
in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and create a rotor magnetic field. The frequency
of this rotating magnetic field is equal to the supply frequency (or, in synchronous speed). The
magnetic field created by the rotor will interact with the rotating magnetic field in the stator and
produce rotation.

In order to induce a rotor current, the rotating magnetic field should be moving relative to
the rotor conductors. Therefore, the speed of the rotor should always be less than the speed of the
rotating magnetic field of the stator.

If by any chance, the rotor speed equals the synchronous speed, the rotor typically slows
slightly until a current is re-induced and then the rotor continues as before.