Arterial Supply Venous Drainage Innervation

External nose Both ICA and ECA

- ICA ophthalmic dorsal nasal artery
- ICA ophthalmic anterior ethmoidal artery external nasal
artery
- ECA facial superior labial, angular, lateral nasal
- ECA imax infraorbital artery
F
M
O
All drain to EJV/IJV/Cavernous sinus
- Dorsal nasal vein & external nasal vein superior
ophthalmic vein cavernous sinus
- anterior/posterior ethmoidal vein ophthalmic
vein cavernous sinus
- facial vein infraorbital vein cavernous sinus
- anterior posterior facial vein cavernous sinus &
EJV
- angular vein superior ophthalmic vein
cavernous sinus
- sphenopalatine vein cavernous sinus
All from CN V
- V1 (ophthalmic) - Supratrochlear and infratrochlear br
- V2 (maxillary) - Infraorbital nerve

Nasal Septum Both ICA and ECA
- ICA ophthalmic AEA/PEA
- ECA imax sphenopalatine, GPA
- facial SLA
From CNV and pterygopalatine ganglion
- V1 (ophthalmic) nasociliary AEN
- V2 (maxillary) nasopalatine nerve
- branches from pterygopalatine ganglion
Lateral nasal
walls
Both ICA and ECA
- ICA ophthalmic AEA (larger than PEA)
supplies anterior 1/3 of lateral wall
supplies anterior 1/3 of septum
anastomoses with SPA
terminal branch is Ext nasal artery
- ICA ophthalmic PEA
supplies superior turb
posterior part of septum
- ECA imax sphenopalatine
supplies middle and inferior turbs via lateral posterior nasal
artery
posterior septal branch (running across face of sphenoid
then divide onto septum
- ECA imax descending palatine artery
supplies lower posterior nasal cavity and hard (greater
palatine) and soft palate (lesser palatine)
General sensory and Special sensory
General sensory
All from CN V
- V1 (ophthalmic) nasociliary AEN (leaves orbit via AE foramen with
AEA, travels along lateral margin of cribiform plate, reaches nasal cavity
through ethmoidal slit at the side of crista galli. Supplies Anterior part of
septum, superior, middle, inferior turbinates
- V1 (ophthalmic) nasociliary PEN. Not always present. Supplies
posterior nasal cavity
- V1 (ophthalmic) frontal supratrochlear, supraorbital nerves. Supplies
frontal sinus
- V2 (maxillary) infraorbital nerve. Supplies vestibule and floor of nose
- V2 (maxillary) Superior alveolar nerves (anterior from IOC, posterior
from PTF).Anterior SAN supplies maxillary sinus
- V2 (maxillary) branches to the PPG: nasopalatine, greater palatine
nerve, posterior superior/inferior lateral nasal branches
Special sensory
Parasympathetic and Sympathetic
- SSN to Nervus intermedius to GSPN, which joins deep petrosal nerve
which forms vidian nerve vidian canal PPG branches in nasal cavity
- SCN to ICA plexus to deep petrosal nerve to GPSN to vidian to PPG
BRANCHES OF ECA alternative way of remembering:

BRANCHES OF ICA


BRANCHES OF IMAX

The (internal) maxillary artery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the external
carotid artery.
Origin and course
The maxillary artery's origin is behind the neck of the mandible, and is at first imbedded in the
substance of the parotid gland. From there it passes forward between the ramus of the
mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament, and then runs, either superficial or deep to the
lateral pterygoid muscle, to the pterygopalatine fossa. It supplies the deep structures of the
face.
The maxillary artery is divided into three portions by its relation to the lateral pterygoid
muscle:
first (mandibular) part - posterior to lateral pterygoid muscle (five branches)
second (pterygoid or muscular) part - within lateral pterygoid muscle (five
branches)
third (pterygopalatine) part - anterior to lateral pterygoid muscle (six branches
including terminal branch)
Branches
First (mandibular) part
Five branches, each of which enters a bony foramen:
deep auricular artery (enters squamotympanic fissure)
anterior tympanic artery (enters squamotympanic fissure)
middle meningeal artery (enters foramen spinosum)
accessory meningeal artery (enters foramen ovale)
inferior alveolar artery (enters mandibular foramen)
o artery to mylohyoid
Second (pterygoid or muscular) part
Five branches although pterygoid branches are irregular in their number and origin:
anterior deep temporal branches
posterior deep temporal branches
pterygoid branches
masseteric artery
buccinator artery
Third (pterygopalatine) part
Six branches including the terminal branch:
posterior superior alveolar artery
infraorbital artery (enters infrerior orbital fissure)
artery of the pterygoid canal
pharyngeal artery (enters palatovaginal canal)
greater (descending) palatine artery (enters greater palatine foramen)
sphenopalatine artery - terminal branch (enters sphenopalatine foramen)
A long mnemonic to remember these branches is:
DAM I AM Piss Drunk But